virtual techniques 2018 - virtual dimension center€¦ · advantages hmds: cheap mobile very high...
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© Competence Centre for Virtual Reality and Cooperative Engineering w. V. – Virtual Dimension Center (VDC)
Virtual Techniques 2018 VDC-Trend Report
Dr.-Ing. Dipl.-Kfm. Christoph Runde Virtual Dimension Center (VDC) Fellbach Auberlenstr. 13 70736 Fellbach www.vdc-fellbach.de
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Virtual Techniques 2018
VDC-Trend Report
Agenda
2
Display and
Projection technology
Head Mounted Displays
and Smart Glasses
Inputs and Controller
Haptics and
Force Feedback
Tracking, MoCap,
Face Capture, Eye Tracking
Scanning,
Digitizing
Markets
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Combinations of LASER projection and Infitec
technology
Advantages:
Very low brightness losses due to filter technology,
since the color frequencies of the glasses
and the projector are coordinated (coherently)
High light output
Very good channel separation
Very high contrast
Very low wear
Passive glasses
Any projection medium
No calibration of two projectors
Display and Projection technology
3
Barco DP4K-60L <
INFITEC
Display & Projection
2500:1
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Combination LCD projectors and
polarizing filters
Reason: pre-polarization of the LCD
panels
Double projection with two projectors
with 2 complementary polarizing LCD
panels
But: LCD replaced by
High-end sector: LASER, LED, 3-chip
DPL projectors,
In mid-range through single-chip DLP
LCD still represented in consumer
products
Display and Projection technology
4
Barco iQ R500 LCD projector
5000 lumen
BARCO Stereo Lumens Boost
20%
2000 stereo lumen
5000 lumen
4000 stereo lumen
100% improvement
60%
External polarization of DLP projectors
Polarization filter glasses
Display & Projection
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Combination plasma screens and shutter glasses
Plasma technology:
Light generation by phosphors encouraged by
UV radiation from plasm discharges
The discharge takes place in cells located between 2
panes of glass, which are filled with neon, xenon and
possibly helium, after electrical ignition of the gas for
changing the state of aggregation in plasma
Different levels of brightness are achieved by the
number of ignitions
Synchronization ignitions - transparency pane of the
glasses
Thus: increase in brightness with active stereo
Display and Projection technology
5
Nvidia 3D Vision 2
Display & Projection
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But: termination of the production of plasma and
LCD TVs
Pioneer: 2009, likewise: LCD TVs
Panasonic: 2014
LG: 2014
Furthermore:
3D TV discontinued in 2016 by LG, Sony,
Samsung
3D channel of pay-TV station Sky will also be
discontinued in mid 2017
Remained: Panasonic
Display and Projection technology
6
Display & Projection
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Display and Projection technology
7
It is and always was valid:
3D needs size
Display & Projection
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LED Walls
Very high contrasts
Very high brightness
Very long lifetime
Very fast commissioning
Stereo compatible
Pixel 0.97mm x 0.97mm
Resolution basically
unlimited by tiling
Complex AV technology to
control high-resolution walls
Display and Projection technology
8
Viscon
Barco
Display & Projection
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Bench systems: products expired long ago
Planning desks: never really established in the
industry
CAVE systems:
oDismantling @ Fraunhofer IAO
oDismantling @ BMW
All-around projections: more often only in
driving simulators because of peripheral view
Most common industry standard:
Powerwall, possibly as an
array, but seldom ground
projection
Projection systems: Types of construction
9
BARCO
Consul
BARCO
Baron
TAN
Responsive
Workbench
TAN
Holobench
Working
situation at
planning
desk
Scheme
planning desk
Imsys scale XL with
41 million pixels
on 5.5 x 2.2m
6- sided CAVE @
Fraunhofer IAO
Display & Projection
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Head Mounted Displays
10
HMDs & Smart Glasses
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Advantages HMDs:
Cheap
Mobile
Very high immersion
Very good interior
atmosphere
Disadvantages HMDs:
Isolation
Partially acceptance and
ergonomics
Image quality
Head Mounted Displays
11
HMDs & Smart Glasses
Spatial Exploration
Testing Training
Product presentation
Group / Individual Individual
Styling Review Group
Ergonomics Individual Individual
Production planning Group
Buildability inspections
Group Individual
Briefing Individual Individual Individual / Group
Driving simulation Individual Individual / Group
Visualization of simulation data
Group
Architecture (office, factory)
Group
Areas of application vs. 3D interface
Group: decission and discussion at the presentation
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Good research approaches
HMDs and Displays: Holographics
12
Polymer-based screen renews three-dimensional projections every two
seconds (Source: University of Arizona, 2010) Qinetiq developed a holographic display prototype based on spatial light
modulation technology years ago (year 2000). It used an active tiling system with
two different spatial light modulators to provide all the depth cues needed to
produce a 3D image. It was expensive to produce and was discontinued shortly
after development, yet still is the closest true holographic display to be
demonstrated (Source: (Qinetiq , 2000)
Holographic video of a butterfly. The core of the novel holographic display are anisotropic
waveguides made of lithium niobate crystals. Compared to older approaches to holographic
video displays, these light modulators allowed a ten times higher pixel rate of up to 50 billion
dots per second. This is necessary in order to be able to transport and project the interference
patterns, which are important for moving holograms, from a reference wave and an object
wave in large numbers. ((Image: D. Smalley, MIT, Juni 2013)
HMDs & Smart Glasses
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First products, good prototypes
HMDs and Dislays: Plenoptics
13
Nvidia’s Near-Eye lightfield display prototype was presented in July 2013
for the first time in the course of the SIGGRAPH computer graphics
conference:
Technical details
Display: 2 Sony ECX332A OLED micro displays
Display size: 15,36 x 8,64 mm
Display resolution: 1280 x 720 pixels (24-bit color depth, 2100 ppi)
Effective resolution: 146 x 78 pixels
Field of vision: up to 70° (29° x 16° in Demo)
Lightfield technology HMD
(University of Stanford, 2015)
Holografika HoloVizio C80 3D cinema system
HMDs & Smart Glasses
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Focal HMDS: prototypes
Layer displays (multiplanar 3D displays): product status
HMDs and Displays: Focal & Layer displays
14
Scheme multi-layer display
(Source: Lightspace
Technologies)
View through focal display (Source: College of Optical
Sciences, University of Arizona): “The focal plane of the
display is dynamically controlled, matching the depth cue
of virtual objects with the focal distance of the display.
HMDs & Smart Glasses
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VR displays with 4K x 4K pixels, viewing angle of
140 °, pixel density 30p / °
Fixed depth of focus will be variable, from 25cm to
(research: holography, plenoptics (light field),
progressive lens, layer displays)
Foveated Imaging (Multi-Res Shading, such as
Nvidias GameWorks VR), therefore necessary:
o Re-Design of the render pipeline
o Integrated Eye-Tracking
Right auralization instead of only stereophony
Current 3D controller: probably still in 5 years
good standard
Currently not in sight: inexpensive hand tracking
with all 22 degrees of freedom of the hand
HMDs: Several forecasts - in 5 years
15
Image: Nvidia
Multi
Resolution
Shading
Image: Nvidia Timewarp
HMDs & Smart Glasses
Michael Abrash: Microsoft, id
Software, Valve, Oculus VR
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Topic currently hits the ground running (esp. regarding hardware)
exception: Magic Leap
Smart Glasses
16
Microsoft Hololens
ODG R7
Daqri Smart Glasses
Magic Leap / Google (Feb. 2017)
META
HMDs & Smart Glasses
Magic Leap Rendering (Dez. 2017)
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Image: BMW Image: Picavi Image: Volvo
Requirements?
What is the target result of the application of data glasses? How will the success be
measured? And what is the user´s benefit?
Business models?
Smart Glasses
17
HMDs & Smart Glasses
Logistics
• Faster
• Error-free commissions
Maintenance, Repair, Service
• Reduce qualification requirements
• Concentrate experts in strategic projects
• Reduce travel costs
• Provide solutions ad-hoc
• Documentation procedure
Production
• Accelerate training
• Increase quality
• Be in control of customized products
• Documentation procedure
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Long-established systems such as
the Spacemouse variants
User interfaces for driving and
flight simulators from the
consumer electronics
Force-feedback systems:
available as mature products
Main applications:
o Implicit design
o Teleoperations
o Simulators
3D-Controller: Desktop
18
3DConnexion
Spacemouse
3DConnexion
SpacePilot
3DConnexion
SpaceTraveller
Saitek Pro Flight X-56
Rhino H.O.T.A.S.
System
Logitech
G27
Geomagic
TouchTM
Haptic 3D
Stylus
Haption
Virtuos
3D-Controller
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Prototypical ideas for
force-feedback systems: force
generation at distance
oVia ultrasonic
oVia air pressure
3D-Controller: Desktop
19
Disney Research Aireal
Ultrahaptics
3D-Controller
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Well established industrial
systems such as the A.R.T
Flystick generations
For a few years very good,
powerful competitors from
the consumer electronics
Also systems with tactile
feedback on the market
3D-Controller: Hand-held controllers
20
Tactical Haptics
LLC Reactive Grip
Valve/HTC Vive
Controller Oculus
Touch
Sony
Playstation
Move
Nintendo
Wii Mote
Razer
Hydra
A.R.T.
Flystick 3
3D-Controller
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Game consoles from consumer
electronics: 2 x 2DOF and multiple binary
inputs
Tek Gear Twiddler: Fist keyboard
Novint XIO: Exoskeleton
3D-Controller: Hand-held controllers
21
Novint XIO
Tek Gear Twiddler
Logitech
F710
Microsoft
Xbox 360
Controller
Mad Genius
MGC
Controller
3D-Controller
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Many technological variants
o Optical
o Electromechanical
o Myoelectrical signals of the muscles
o IMUs
Different degrees of detection
o Only hand
o Finger 5DOF
o Hand 22DOF
3D-Controller: Gesture recognition
22
Intellect
Motion
iMotion
Dexta
Robotics
Dexmo
Exoskeleton
A.R.T. finger
tracking
Thalmic Labs Myo strap
Valve/HTC
Vive Tracker
3D-Controller
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Advantages depth imaging sensors:
oMeasurement at a distance and contactless
o Simple MoCap
Functional principles
o Time-of-Flight
o Structured (IR-)light
Two of the big IT companies on the
market (Google, Microsoft)
3D-Controller: Gesture recognition with depth imaging sensors
23
MindMaze:
Mindleap
Nimble VR:
Nimble Sense
Microsoft :
Kinect and
Handpose
Google :
Leap Motion
3D-Controller
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Illusion of running by sliding of the foot in a
running cage
Always in combination with HMDs
Driven by gaming sector
Attention: for the orientation and for the
construction of a conceptual spatial model,
the information of the vestibular perception
(inner ear) is processed with further sensory
impressions:
o the visual perception,
o the sense of touch
o depth sensitivity (position,
movement, power sense)
3D-Controller: Treadmills - I
24
Cyberith:
Virtualizer
Virtuix :
Omni
Wizdish:
Rovr
3D-Controller
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Further technological approaches:
moving grounds such as
o 2DOF treadmills
o 2DOF ground of a sphere
o Inside area of a sphere
3D-Controller: Treadmills - 2
25
Infinadeck
Omnifinity
Omnideck
Walkmouse
Virtuesphere
3D-Controller
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Availability of „exotic“
controllers is increasing
o Brain-computer interfaces,
whose performance is
steadily increasing
o Bike mount and sensor
o Bird flight simulator
3D-Controller: Flight, Bike, Brain computer interface
26
Somniacs:
Birdly
Widerun
Emotiv
3D-Controller
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Tactile vests that generate pulses or
vibration in case of collision or fire
Partially easy pairing with audio
output
Concept is old, but currently the
number of products on the market is
rising again
Possibly conceivable also for
"accessibility studies" (for example:
does probant permeate geometry?)
Other outputs: Tactile feedback
27
Immerz:
Kor FX
IFTECH:
Araig
Woojer:
Strap
Woojer:
Vest
Other Outputs
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Old idea, new products
Main problem: synthesization
of a very high number of
odorants
Currently driven by the
gaming sector
Other outputs: Smell
28
Current:
Feelreal Helmet
Current: Olorama
Stationary desktop system: prototype of France
Telecom (extension WWW-output)
Portable odorant emitter for the
training of firemen
(question: „what is burning?“)
Stationary system for rows of
chairs (cinema application)
Inition
Other Outputs
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Optical systems have prevailed
over other technologies
(electromagnetic, ultrasound, ...)
for a long time
Since a few years strong
competition by price-favorable
optical systems from the consumer
electronics
Possibly combination with 9DOF-
IMUs, whose prices have
meanwhile arrived at some €
Tracking
29
Valve/HTC Lighthouse
Oculus
Tracking
A.R.T.
Tracking
Systems
Vicon Optitrack
9DOF IMUs
Tracking & Capturing
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Here, too, established vendors such
as Vicon have experienced
tremendous growth of competition
through systems such as Sixense,
PrioVR, Perception Neuron, Stompz,
Xsens, ...
Motion-Capturing
30
Noitom
Perception
Neuron
Vicon
Yei
Technology
Prio VR Pro
Sixense
Entertainment
Stem System
talaries
Technologies
Stompz
Tesla
Studios
Tesla Suit
Xsens Xsens
MTI-Series/
Xsens MVN
Xsens
Tracking & Capturing
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HMD's integrated eye tracking was
immediately an issue with the advent
of low cost HMDs
Main areas of application:
usability, design studies, market
research
Solutions for
o integrated HMDs (Rift, Vive)
o smartphone systems
o complete systems (FOVE)
Provider: SMI, tobii, FOVE, Arrington
Research
VR-integrated Eye Tracking
31
SMI for
Samsung‘s
Gear VR
SMI for
Oculus Rift at
Carrefour
Arrington
Research
FOVE:
HMD with
integrated eye
tracking
Tracking & Capturing
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Mimic: essential for animated film
Facial expressions also important as
nonverbal communication in
cooperation
Good hardware and software
solutions from the film industry
Purchase of companies
Relevance for VR:
Mimic as additional channel in
distributed virtual environments
Missing facial expressions as a
limitation in cooperation with HMDs
Solutions:
Face Capture
32
Combination Vicon
and Dynamixyz
November 2015
Live
Reactions
November 2016
Tracking & Capturing
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Still crucial:
efficient 3D content supply chain
3D Data supply
33
3D laser scan of a chemical plant 3D construction of a machine
3D simulation casting process
3D terrain model through
airborne laser scanning
3D measuring data presentation for
deposit inspection
3D Data Supply
3D city model through driving
and overflying
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Number of possible sources is
steadily increasing
3D Data supply
34
3D body scan 3D ultrasound
3D-CT
3D-MRT
3D reconstruction with depth
imaging sensor (Google Tango)
3D reconstruction with photos
(Autodesk 123D Catch, Packshot)
3D Data Supply
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With industry- and application-specific
functions in the engineering sector are ...
Software market VR: Established solution provider
35
ESI in use
….
Market
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... increasingly challenged by service
providers (in large numbers!) and
solutions based on
Game Engines
VR middleware solutions
Software market VR Game Engines
VR-Middlewares
Market
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Democratization of VR via cardboard
systems and smartphones: elimination of
any price barrier for simple VR
VR-Communities,
collaborative VR/AR environments
Software market VR
VR-Headset in combination with smartphone:
Samsung GearVR.
Market
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AR now finally mass market (hardware
smartphone and tablet PC)
Challenges for software manufacturers:
variety of platforms + hardware
Software market: Augmented Reality
Re‘flekt ONE in use
AR platforms:
AR provider:
Market
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Market movements: Industries
39
1980 1990 2000 2010 2017
Time
Training
Product
development,
Training
PD,
Training
PD
Training
PD
Market
research
Presentation
Presentation
Service
Training
Market
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Market movements: Industries
Market
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Industry 4.0 is the vision
of the industrial platform of the
future
Nine technologies are transforming
industrial production
Market movements: Industries
Market
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Base case user
and software
revenue
assumptions
Market
42
Source: Goldman Sachs Global
Investment / Data point starts from:
Gartner, IDC, World bank, US Bureau
of Labour Statistics, National Center
for Education Statistics, Nielsen, FIFA,
Americam Medical Association,
Research and Markets, National
Associations of Realtors, OC&C
Strategy Consultants, the Japan
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure,
Transport and Tourism, the Land
Institute of Japan, Borrell
Associations, CAE, Eurostat, and
Statistics Japan.
Market
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Dominating manufacturers in the consumer-VR market
Market
43
Source: The Nunatak Group
Market
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Progression of base case hardware and software forecasts
Market movements: Growth
44
Source: Goldman
Sachs Global
Investment Research.
Market
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Significant growth of VR market, promoted by high invests
Market movements: Invests
45
Source: The Nunatak Group
Market
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Market movements: Invests and acquisitions
46
Source: News sources, compiled by Goldman Sachs Global Investments Research
Market
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162 million HMD-users worldwide
Market movements: 2020
47
Source: Nunatak forecasts (June 2016), BGR (2016), IDC (2016)
Market
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Predicted composition of the VR/AR
market, grouped by applications
Market movements: 2025
48
Source: Goldman Sachs Global InvestmentResearch.
Goldman Sachs 2025 VR/AR software estimates by use case.
„Consumer-driven use cases in videogames, live events and video-driving ~60% of software spend with the remainder from enterprise and public sector“
Market
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Market movements: Invests and acquisitions
Engin
eering-I
T
Ele
ctr
onic
s
Pla
tform
s
Ente
rtain
ment
Market
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Consideration of HMDs for consumer applications
Market movements: Ecosystems
50
Source: The Nunatak Group
Market
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The number of digital ecosystems in the field of AR will rise
Market movements: Ecosystems
51
ODG R7
Epson Moverio BT300
Microsoft Hololens
Daqri Helmet
META 2
Apple (announced)
Market
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Trends VR & AR: Merging of disciplines
AR projection on
3D-print or clay
model [Source:
Volkswagen]
Market
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Use of VR-HMD in
seat box [Source:
BMW]
Trends VR & AR: Merging of disciplines
Market
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Mission Display & Projectors Tracking & Capturing 3D Data Supply 3D Controller TOP 1 HMDs & Smart Glasses Other Outputs Market
Virtual Techniques 2018
VDC-Trend Report
Market movements: 2025
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In an exclusive interview with ABC News, Tim Cook reaffirms
Apple's attitude to virtual and augmented reality. The lower
immersion with Augmented Reality may be the big advantage of
the technology, says Cook. This would allow to perceive digital
content and other people simultaneously. "Maybe it's something
we're talking about, maybe something that happens somewhere
else that you could let appear. There are many cool things”, says
Cook. He could, for example, allude to phone calls with hologram-
like illustrations, which Microsoft already showed in the research
project for “Holoportation".
"There is Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality. I think augmented reality will be the bigger market - by far." September 2016: Virtual Reality
seems to have a lower priority for
Apple than AR:
Source: Goldman Sachs Global InvestmentResearch.
Goldman Sachs 2025 software estimates by VR and AR. „VR
use cases driving 75% of our software estimates; as AR
technology matures we expect more enterprise use cases to
emerge“
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Market
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