violence against women – the zambian situation
DESCRIPTION
Violence Against Women – the Zambian situation. Central Statistical Office (CSO) Zambia. By Cecilia M. Munjita. UN Workshop on Integrating Gender into Statistics 4-7 December 2012, Kampala, Uganda. Outline. Introduction Methodology/Challenges - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Central Statistical Office (CSO)Zambia
By Cecilia M. Munjita
UN Workshop on Integrating Gender into Statistics 4-7 December 2012, Kampala, Uganda
Outline IntroductionMethodology/ChallengesGender based violence in Zambia by Type of
Violence Physical Sexual Emotional
Help seeking behaviourProperty grabbing
Introduction• CSO collects GBV statistics mainly though
Zambia Demographic and Health Surveys -(ZDHS)
Zambia Sexual Behaviour Survey 2006 Gender Based Violence Survey
• The presentation includes statistics mainly from the ZDHS and a portion from the 2006 GBV report
GDV data collection The ZDHS included a special module
designed to obtain information on the extent to which women in Zambia experience domestic violence
The module focused on the extent of marital violence for females aged 15-45
Methodology• The domestic violence module was administered to
one eligible woman randomly selected in each household with the use of the Kish grid technique (Kish, 1965).
• The module focused on the extent of marital violence, but also obtained information on any physical violence involving perpetrators other than the woman’s current husband (or the last husband for separated or divorced women) that a woman may have experienced since her fifteenth birthday.
• Women who reported recent marital violence were asked whether they had ever told anyone about the violence, and whether they ever sought help.
challengeWomen not disclosing issues on domestic
violence. - Thus field staff received special training on
gender based violence; and -Interviews were to be conducted were there
was maximum privacy otherwise, the questions in the domestic violence module were not to be asked.
What Statistics Say!
Physical Violence by Age Group
Age Percent Number
15-19 33.3 1085
20-24 46.3 1053
25-29 53.7 1024
30-39 52.2 1303
40-49 48.6 770
Physical Violence by Residence
Residence Percent Number
Urban 50.2 2,205
Rural 44.4 3,031
Physical Violence by EducationEducation Percent Number
No education 39.8 543
Primary 49.4 2,850
Secondary 45.8 1,575
More than secondary 39.9 267
Perpetrators of Physical ViolencePerson committing Physical Violence
Marital Status
Ever Married Never Married TotalCurrent Husband/partner 70.3 na 59.6Former Husband/partner 20.2 na 17.1Current Boyfriend 0.1 5.1 0.8Former Boyfriend 2.4 5.7 2.9Father/Step Father 3.7 17.4 5.8Sister/Brother 5 19.2 7.2Daughter/son 0 0.3 0Other Relative 3.7 15.1 5.4Mother in Law 0.3 na 0.2Father in Law 0.0 na 0.0Other in Law 0.4 na 0.6Teacher 2.6 15.2 4.5Employer/someone at work 0.0 0.3 0.1
Police/Soldier 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other 6.3 21.6 8.6
Number of women 2,081 372 2,453
Sexual Violence by Age Group
Current age Percent Number
15-19 15.5 1,085
20-24 20.9 1,053
25-29 22.1 1,024
30-39 22.2 1,303
40-49 20 770
Sexual Violence by ResidenceResidence Percent Number
Urban 23.2 2,205
Rural 18 3,031
Sexual Violence by Level of Education
Education Percent Number
No education 13.6 543
Primary 21.5 2,850
Secondary 19.9 1,575
More than secondary 21.2 267
% Who Reported Specific Persons Who Committed the Violence, by Marital Status
Person committing Sexual Violence
Marital Status
Ever Married Never MarriedCurrent Husband/partner 52.1 NaFormer Husband/partner 18.8 NaCurrent/Former Boyfriend 4.7 17Father 0.2 0.1Step Father 0.1 0Other Relative 4.1 9.8In-law 0.1 2.8Own Friend/Acquaintance 2.7 7.3Family Friend 1.4 5.6Teacher 0.6 1.8Employer/someone at work 0 1.1Police/Soldier 0.2 0Priest/Religious Leader 0 1.1Stranger 8.4 23Other 3.3 7.7Not asked 3.5 22.7Total 850 207
Experience of Physical Violence During Pregnancy
Current age PercentNumber who have ever been pregnant
15-19 9.5 312
20-24 8.7 858
25-29 10.9 958
30-39 11.1 1,262
40-49 6.4 750
Violence During Pregnancy by Residence
Residence Percent Number
Urban 11.3 1,564
Rural 8.6 2,576
Forms of Spousal violence
Percentage of ever married women age 15-49 who have ever
experienced violence by their husband/partner by form of
violence
Forms of Spousal Violence (%)
Forms of Spousal Violence by Residence (%)
Emotional violence
Physical
violence
Sexual violence Number
Residence Urban 32 52.3 21.1 1,449Rural 21.9 43.7 14.5 2, 461
Help Seeking Behavour of Women Who Ever Experienced Violence by whether they told anyone about the violence or sought help from any source
Help Seeking Behaviour by Residence (%)
Residence
Never told anyone Told someone
Have sought help from any
source
Urban 40 7.3 47.4
Rural 41.6 4.8 45.4
Help Seeking Behaviour by Education (%)
Education Never told
anyoneTold
someone
Have sought help from any
sourceNo education 42.6 4.9 45
Primary 42.4 5.1 44.4
Secondary 36.2 7.2 52.2More than secondary 49.6 10.5 34.7
% Women Who Experienced Violence and Sought Help, by Source of Help
SourceAny form of Violence
Own Family 69.8
In-laws 38.7
Husband/partner/boyfriend 1
Friend/neighbour 13.9
Religious leader 5
Doctor/medical personnel 0.8
Police 7.2
Social Service 1.1
Other 5.9
Property Grabbing (GBV Survey 2006)
% Distribution of Receipt of Spouse’s Asset/Valuables by Sex and Residence
Receipt of
Spouse’s Assets
All Zambia Rural Urban
Total MaleFemal
eTotal Male
Female
Total MaleFemal
e
Received 58 48 61 51 39 54 73 65 75
Not Received
42 52 39 49 61 46 27 35 25
Population
437,093
95,693
341,400
281,191
62,419
218,772
155,902
33,274
122,628
Reasons for not Receiving any Assets by Sex and Residence (%)
Reasons
All Zambia Rural Urban
Both MaleFemal
eBoth Male Female Both Male Female
Spouse’s family took everything
33 30 35 43 29 49 12 21 10
Threats from spouse’s family
21 6 26 11 10 12 42 - 52
Did not want
17 44 8 13 32 6 24 79 11
Other 29 20 31 32 30 33 21 - 26
Population
231,268
57,818173,45
0155,6
9143,313
112,378
75,577 14,505 61,072
End of Presentation
Thank You!