Raja VikramadityaPRESENTED BY

KRITHIKA,SUPRIYA,SUNITHA & DHEERAJ

IntroductionVikramaditya (Sanskrit: वि�क्रमा�दि�त्य) was

a legendary 1st century BCE emperor

of Ujjain, India, famed for

his wisdom, valour and magnanimity.

According to thePratisarga

Parvan of Bhavisya Purana, he was the

second son of Ujjain's King

Gandharvasena of

the Paramara dynasty.

Nine Gems and Vikramaditya's court

in Ujjain, Indian tradition claims that

Dhanwanthari, Kshapanaka, Amarasimha,

Shankhu,

Khatakarpara, Kalidasa, Vetalbhatt (or

Vetalabhatta), Vararuchi, and

Varahamihira were a part of Vikramaditya's

court in Ujjain. The king commissioned nine

men of letters, called the "nava-ratna"

(literally, Nine Gems), to work in his court.

Navaratnas Nauratan (Sanskrit dvigu nava-ratna- or "nine gems") was

a term applied to a group of nine extraordinary people in an emperor's court in India. Some well-known groups are in the Raaj Sabha(court) of King Janaka, Emperor Vikramaditya and in Emperor Akbar's darbar.

Nine Gems of his Cabinet• 1. Kalidasa: Author of the great epic, ‘Shakuntala’, great poet, dramatist and the

most prominent scholar of Sanskrit language.

• 2. Amarnath: Author of ‘Sanskrit Amarkosh’

• 3. Shapanak: Prominent Astrologist who had achieved mastery in Astrology.

• 4. Dhanvantri: A Doctor who had achieved mastery in the science of medicine; one who was an expert in diagnosis and one who could prescribe different treatments for a single disease

• . 5. Varruchi: Expert Linguist and an expert in Grammar

• 6. Varahmihir: Author of World famous epic, ‘Bruhatsahita’ and mastery in Astrology.

• 7. Ghatakpar: Expert in sculpture and architecture.

• 8. Shanku: Expert in Geography (This name is even well known today in the field of geography)

• 9. Vetalbhadra : Expert in black magic & tantric sciences

The legendary Vikramaditya• The two most famous tales,

featuring him, in Sanskrit are Vetala Panchvimshati and Simhasana-Dwatrimshika("The 32 (tales) of the throne"). These two are found in varying versions in Sanskrit and also in the regional languages.

• Vetala Panchvimshati tell twenty-five stories in which the king tries to capture and hold on to a Vetala that tells a puzzling tale and ends it with a question for the king.

• Simhasana-Dwatrimshika, the tale of the throne link to the lost throne of Vikramaditya which king Bhoja, the Paramara king of Dhar, found after many centuries.

Famous Monuments

• The Iron Pillar located in Delhi, India, is a 7 m (23 ft) column in the Qutb complex, notable for the rust-resistant composition of the metals used in its construction.

• The pillar has attracted the attention of archaeologists and metallurgists and has been called "a testament to the skill of ancient Indian blacksmiths" because of its high resistance to corrosion. The corrosion resistance results from an even layer of crystalline iron hydrogen phosphate forming on the high phosphorus content iron, which serves to protect it from the effects of the local Delhi climate.

• The name of the city of Delhi is thought to be based on a legend associated with the pillar

 Iron Pillar

Currencies

Ethics and VikramadityaA story of promise not kept

• The ruler of Kishanagar, Rajendra, was extremely strong and courageous. His queen, Prema, gave birth to a beautiful daughter, Sona.

• Being an only child, she grew up clever not only in studies but in the use of the bow and arrow and sword. She learnt the art of self-defence. At the age of her marriage when her parents were looking for a suitable husband, she imposed a condition.

• "Dear Father, I want that my husband should be one who is highly skilled in fighting and who is able to overpower, me in fight. If you agree to this condition then, you may make an announcement".

• The announcement was made in Kishanagar as well as in the neighbouring kingdoms. Thinking that Sona is only a girl, and it should not be a difficult to win a fight with her, many suitors came forward to accept her challenge. But when they met Sona face to face these princes realized it was not that easy to defeat her. So they all went disappointed.

• She was taking on the suitors one after another, among them was Udayavarma, the prince of Chandanghar. He watched the fight every day , by joining the crowd. how Princess Sona fought and the different strategies she adopted to meet the method of fighting followed by each prince.

• Udayavarma had learnt all her strategies, and the next day he was ready to fight with her. The two fought cleverly and fiercely. Neither of them was prepared to surrender to the other. Soon Sona was defeated by Udayavarma.

• Now Sona knew how he had succeeded in overpowering her. She came forward and said to him that "My condition was that I would marry anyone who would defeat me in the contest. Though you’ve defeated me, I can’t marry you. You can yourself find out the reason."

• Udayavarma thought for a while and said . "Yes what you say is right, O Princess. I should not marry you." He bowed to her and left the palace.

• Now Betaal asks Vikrama “Why did she say he did not deserve her hand in marriage in spite of his victory over her?

• It was all because of her arrogance, wasn’t it? If you know the answers to my questions that speak out if you don't then I warn you that "your head will be blown to pieces!“

• Vikrama answered: “Though she had agreed that condition that Udayavarma had defeated her in sword-fight but she didn’t keep her word. That's true.

• Unlike other princes, Udayavarma did not go for a fight with her straight away, instead he sat in the crowd and watched her fighting and in between he had studied all the strategies that she adopted while fighting, just as a disciple would learn from his teacher.

• And a teacher cannot marry his or her student. It’s universally accepted that one’s father, mother and teacher are all like a God”.

HOW ETHICS IS DEPICTED HERE?• Situation handling tactics is adopted by Vikrama for all the stories

told by betaal is extraordinary.

• In that story, there was a dilemma for King and Queen which was well handled by Vikrama ethically that teacher is considered to be God and hence she cannot marry Udayavarma.

• In the process of getting betal to the sage also, while it narrated the stories, and said it would fly again to tamarind tree if Vikram opens his mouth as well as if not answered his head would break into pieces, without giving up he managed to get it, after answering to all questions. This shows his commitment and determination towards a work which is also a form of ethics.

Conclusion• As a sanskrit proverb goes “yatha raja

tatha praja”, King Vikramaditya has showed a way to his subjects by being courageous, ethical and sincere in all his dealings.

• Ethics always is not inherited, but is developed by facing all situations in life in a right manner. Never give up and follow the responsibilities allotted to each person (Dharma) for the different roles played by him is what Vikrama’s life illustrates us.

• Vikramaditya was successful only because of these qualities and still is remembered for his persistence.

• Lets all be grateful to him and develop these qualities to become successful and good human beings.

THANK YOU