vietnam rural electrification project
TRANSCRIPT
4 .4 4 eh SA i A/^ t
E456Volume 2
Project VN98
VIETNAM RURAL ELECTRIFICATION PROJECT
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
AUGUST, 1998
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Clhaptet 1 - Inti-oduction.
Objectives ot Report
Le-ai and .am:ni'strative Framew.ork
4ethodoiozv
4. Implementing Agency
Ckilapt.er 2 - Project Description.
I Name of Project
2. Project Manager
Socio - economic Tar-et and Political Meaning of Project
iMain Features and Socio - economic Benefit of Project
5. Proposed Schedule of Project
6. Budaetan-.
Chapter 3 - Project Environment.
1. Physical Environment of Project
1.1. Topography, Geomorphy, Hydrogeology
1.2. Meteorology
2. Ecological Environrnent of Project
2.1. Features of Northern Provinces
2.2. Ecological Areas in Project ROW
3. Socio-economic Condition
Chapter 4 - Project Impact on Environment.
1. Impact on Physical Environment.
2. Impact on Bioiogical Environment and Eco-System
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3. Impact on Human.
E. I Impact on Residential Areas
3.2. Impact of Electric Field on Human and Animals.
.3. Imnact on Electric F7ield on Telecommunication Pro'jects
3.4. Impact on Landscape and Historical Sites.
I..:r. a on Scrfetv E-xnlosion and F-ire.
3.6. Impact of Noise. Vibration, Pollution
3.7. Workers' Health and Safe'.
-zhaptcr -M itigation Measures for Neative Impacts on Ehiviroirnierit.
1. In Design Stage
1.1 Line Routes
i.-. Substations
2. In Construction Stage
2. 1. Constructcion Arranaement
2.2. Construction Camps
2.3. Safetv on Fire and Explosion
2.4. Noise Pollution.
3. In Management and Operation Stage.
3.1. Management, Operation, Repair and Maintenance Works
3.2 ROW Control
3.3. Access Roads.
Chapter 6 Environmental Management and Monitoring.
Chapter 7 - Cost Estimate
Clhapter 8 - Summary of Environmental Impact Assessment
Chapter 9 - Conclusions.
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.4 A n eves
Annex 1 - Scope of Project
Annex 2 - Statistics on Affection within Project ROW
Annex 3 - Statistics on Temmorar'& Lanid Requisition
Annex 4 - Statistics on Permanent Land Acouisitioll
Annex 5 - Natural Features of Concerned Communes
Annex 6 - Socio - Economic Features of Concerned Commnunes
Annex ` - Project Implementation Schedule
-Annex S - Summary of EIA.
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ABBREVIATIONS
E\'Y - Electricity of \iernam
WN B - World Bank
PIDCI - Power Inxestization and Design Company N°1.
PCi - Power Company N°l.
PPS - Provincial Power Service,
ROW - RPhht-of-wav
T,L - Transmission Line
MV - Low Voltage
REP - Rural Electrification Project
EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment.
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Executive Sumr-a-v
VietnamRural Electrificat;cn Prcjes:Environmental GJ;AeIr;-es ,'cr Plar'n-g Cons ruc:on & %laintenarnce
Introduction
1. The rural electrification project is to bring electricity to the countryside so as to help rural peopledevelop their economy. This project is to follow the program of the Government to provide electricity to100% of districts and 80 % of communes by the year 2000.
2. This rural electrification Project is to distribute electricity to 150 communes of the 13 provinces in thenorthern region of Viet Nam. They are mountainous provinces namely: Lai Chau, Son La, Hoa Binh, ThaiNguyen, Bac Can, Lang Son, Ha Giang. Lao Cai, Yen Bai, Quang Ninh, Tuyen Quang, Phu Tho and CaoBang.
Project Description
3. The project will be included of 1118.4 km of MV lines, 1781.2 km of LV lines (The voltages are 22(35)/0.4 kV), 441 pole-mounted substations.
4. The line right-of-way (ROW) would be 8m wide for the medium voltage T/Ls and 3m wide for the lowvoltage T/Ls, respectively, from which all housing and buildings would be removed and all trees higherthan 4 m must be cut. Construction access roads would be built from the main roads as required; existingtracks would be used where possible. The construction camp would be laid out for workers andtechnicians in the headquarters the project communes .
Legal and Administrative
5. The Feasibility Study of the project for the line routes had been approved by the 13 provinces andlower administrative level authorities.
6. Standards for safety clearances for the transmission lines stipulated by the Decree 70 HDBT-GOVN.
Analysis of Alternatives
7. Transmission line routes: some alternative routes were analysed for the transmission lines. Theroutes that would cause minimum impact on the environment were selected. Especially from the viewpointof resettlement limitation.
Location of substations and tower foundations: The substations and the tower foundations willbe relocated in the waste land or public land areas to avoid impact on houses and properties.
Route Selection Criteria and Mitigation Strategies
9. The following route selection criteria are used calls for the route selection to avoid the followingtypes of environmentally sensitive areas:
Dense forests, if forest areas must be traversed, forests of low economic and ecological value are
preferred. (aocc-er.: to the La.*; on Env rornment of V;etnam ,.cd cu!t:ng is s:r;c:l: controM!ed)
Residential structures and settlements
Holy places, a-sezoc aKy stes a--,e'-.tee s 'es
Mangrove fores's nat:ona. palks and other conservat:cr areas
Parallel with, or close to telephone and telegraph cables,
Airports.
Power Investigation and Design Company Nol have used mitigation strategies in the projectdevelopment, as detailed below.
10. Safety, explosions and hazardous spills: explosive substances would not be used in constructionworks; excavation would be the main construction activity. Construction crews would be supplied withalternate cooking fuels, and would not be allowed to use forest resources for cooking. The substationsare equipped with fire and explosion protection equipment.
11. Noise pollution: There may be little noise from construction equipment. There would be minimalnoise impact of these low voltage T/Ls. The most audible noise from transmission lines occurs on rainydays.
12. Workers' health and safety: medical personnel will be available for the workforce to help inprevention of epidemic diseases such as malaria and waterborne diseases.
13. Mine clearance: It will be the first step before the project construction.
14. Access roads: Temporary access roads to be used in the project construction have beenconsidered in the design stage. The temporary roads would be built from the existing roads nearby andwould be located according to the following criteria: the roads would avoid forests, conservation areas,lakes and ponds; the roads would be graded to retard erosion; compensation would be paid for lost farmproduction, economic trees, and land used temporarily or permanently for line operations. Access roadsnot required for ongoing operations would be promptly revegetated.
15. Electromagnetic fields: The electromagnetic field on the ROW sides would be kept below 5kilovolts per meter (kV/m), which is in compliant with the international standards. WHO concluded that"...there is no reason to limit access to regions where the field strength is below (10 kV/m." The projectvoltages are very low. There would be no impact on human and animals.
16. . According to the Vietnam Post and Telecommunications, the important communication andtelecommunication projects are far away from the proposed transmission lines.
Environmental Issues:
17. Historic and cultural sites: Surveys of the line route revealed that there are no nearby historicsites or cultural landmarks. The Museum and Conservation Department of the Cultural Ministry advisedElectricity of Viet Nam (EVN) in the very first stages of route planning. If any local sites are discoveredduring detailed survey or construction, EVN would notify the local management organisations.
18. Resettlement: There would be no houses or structures in the right-of-way, as such noresettlement will be required.
Chapter I
INTRODUCTION
I. Objectives of Report.
Accordin- to the stinuLa!ions of NIinistr% or Science. Ti ecnolocv a;0Environment (NIOSTE) of V-ietnam. the power transmission lines of < 35k\V areclassified as ;ype II project in terms of environmental consideration. Thlisenvironmental evaiuation aims ai
Describin- the environment ot th-e priject area.
Identiufing potentiai adverse impacts on the environment durin c theproject construction and operation.
- Classif'ing the project impacts.
- Proposing the mitiaation measures for the neg-ative impacts as a resuli ofthe project development.
- Recommending on the monitoring and evaluation programme.
- SoeciMfng the cost of mitigation measures.
2. Legal and Administrative Framework.
- The law on environmental protection dated 27/12/1993 of the socialistrepublic of Vietnam.
This lawv stipulates the prevention from bad impacts on the environment andenvironmental protection as well as improvement of ecological environment."Environment" is defined as the natural environment and the one created byhuman comprising air, water. sea. land. mineral mines, forests, grass fields.wildlife, trees. natural and historical sites, natural conservation areas, places ofinterest. cities. villages, etc.
- The law on forest protection and development.
This law regulates the forest management, protection, development andexploitation. prevention of woodcutting. forest destroy. It also encouragesorganizations and individuals to protect and develop forests so as to make morebenefit of the forest.
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- The Government Decree No 175/CP dated 18/10/1994 guidelining theimplementation of the law on environmental protection.
- Thie Decree , ,0-HDBT dated 30/4/1987 of the Council of Mlinistersre2ulatina the safetv casement of the high transmission lines.
- The crite,ia on land
- The criteria on noise
- The ritelria on rC5icenL; invirOnmen
- The criteria on eco-ssis.em
- The circular N' 490,199S,TT-BKHC.\MM\T dated 29!4/1998 of MOSTEguidelining EIA preparation and appraisal.
- The 'B guidelines on EIA.
T - The criteria on natural conservation areas and landscaDe.
- The code on Electrical Equipment Installation - Part II - Transmissionlines 11 TCN-1984.
- The technical regulation on the 22kV medium voltage issued in compliantwvith the Decision No 1876 NL/HT dated 12/9/1994 of MNinistry of Enercy.
- The preliminary survev report on the project.
3. Methodology
Basing on the WB guidelines and Decree N0 175/CP dated 18/10/1994. ofthe Prime Minister, the environmental impacts are classified as follows:
a. Small insi_nificant impact or small impact : for this type of impact, nomitigation or protection measures are required.
b. Moderate imt-pact : mitigation and protection measures are envisaged.
c. Major impact : a thorough study is needed to find optimal mitigationmeasures.
4. Implementing Agency:
PIDC 1 - Transmission line design department participants:
- Nguyen Duc Thanh : Manager
- Nguven Minh Tuan : Deputy Manager
- Nguyen Vi Linh : Assistant
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Chapter 2
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
1. Name of project: VIE TINAMI RURAL ELECTRIFICATION PROJECT.
'2. Project Manager:
PC I - EVN
Consulting company PIDCI
3. Socio-economic Target and Political Mfeaning of Project
REP is planned to suppiv electricity to the rural rezion of Vietnam I5Oc-ommunes in the northern mountainous areas. These communes are tacinsdifficulties in developinc their infrastructure as well as the economy due tomountainous topography. low population density with poor ethnic people wvho areincapable to invest in the local power networks.
Socio-economic Taraet of the project
- To provide people living in the project area with electricitv so as toimprove people's cultural and spiritual life.
- To create premise for development of socio-economy, agricuituralproduction. husbandry, agricultural product processing, etc.
- To support the government policy on permanent agriculture and settlementfor ethnic minorities living in the Northern mountainous provinces.
- To confirm the government's concern about socio-economic developmentfor mountainous ethnic people and promote socio-political stability formountainous provinces.
4. Main Features and Socio-economic Benefit of Project:
REP aims at supplying electricitv for 150 communes of 13 northernprovinces in 1990 - 2000.
Main features
Rated voltage:
Medium voltage '22 (3 ') kV
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Nuumber of circuits - '
Conductors:
Medium voita2e AC-0- AC-70. 3 or 2 phases
Low v oltace AV-50 - AV-95 P\C aluminium conductors.
Towers:
Centrifu2al concrete poles for NMV lines
Concrete poies for LV lines
- Line ROW
MV lines S m wvide
LV lines : m vide
Conductor - to - -round clearance: > 6m
Scope of investment: is summarised in Annex I. Of which
- Involved provinces : 13
- Involved districts : 67
- Project - served communes: 150
MV lines: 1118.4km
LV lines: 1781.2 km
- Substations
Total substations : 441
Total capacitv : 39,463 KVA
- Installed meters : 71,187
- Potential meters : 25.030
See Annex I for details of construction scope.
REP 1999 - 2000 plavs an important role in carrving out EVN's program toimplement the 8"' Party Congress's decision : 80%,zo of the mountainous communesxvould be supplied from the power netvorks and 60°% of people would have access
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to electricitv. The project wvould meet the power demand of 150 northemcommunes in 2000 - 2010. Concretelv:
- 2000 :42.6 million KWhi/yIear
-2005 54.0 million KWh/yvear
-2010 77.6 million KWh/vear
5. Proposed Schiedule of Project.
Basino on ithe W7B plan presented in 6!/31998 meeting at EVN's office ontlhe preparation or RE? 1999 - 2000. the project impletnentation scheduLe isproposed in Annex 4
6. Budgetarv.
The total investment for the project is estimated at \'T\D 501.1SSbion Ofwvhich:
- Cost for equipment : VND 27.S09 billion
- Cost for construction: VND 379.6-51 billion
- Otlher costs : VND 47.072 billion
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Clhapter 3
PROJECT ENVIRONMENT
The Droic serves !S i rovinces of Northern Vietnam includino: Lai Clau.Son La. Hoa Binh. Thai Nguven. Bac Can. Lano Soni. Ha Giano. Lao Cal. YenB3i . X a:. i. T2e Qu g I-. B1 Ilhc. Cao Dcnin. Tlhe natura3 c,,cion IW
these provinces are relative:' lt-,ad due to the slonina diviiec oeLc ain aindundeveloped infrastructure.
1. Plhvsical Environment of Project
1.1. Topography, Geomorph!v Hydrogeologv
Topoaralhv of the Northern of nrovinces ol Vietnzams rather coiLza-ted.There are mainiv high mountainous areas which are strongly divided. Theelevations are iower from the North to thie South. from the West to :he East. Theconsiderably divided topography is the Hoang Lien Son mountain ranze in theNorth West. The provinces in the South. South East are lowver. They are mainlvmidland hill interfaced with fiat fields for rice and crops.
The lines mainly pass erosion exhumed topographies with r-elalively flatsurfaces as the routes are closed to the populated areas in lowv valleys. The soilstructure is quarterly sediment composed of clav laver, loam, sandy clay withbroken stone and boulder.
Locating in the high mountainous areas. the regional hvdrogeology issophisticated, too. These mainly are small streams and rivers which usually cause3 10 day floods in the rainy season. The wvater discharge in the drv season is verylow.
1.2. Meteorology:
The northern part of Vietnam belongs to the hot humid tropical weatherwhich is directly affected by the north-east monsoon in the winter and south - eastmonsoon in the summer.
The rainv season in the northern provinces usually starts in June and laststill October. in this period the rainfall accounts for 80% of the annual rainfall.Winter months usuallv accompanv light drizzlinz rains.
2. Ecological Environment of Project.
2.1. Features of Northern Provinces:
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The inhabitants of the project areas mainly inhabit in smail 'illages in lo\v
valleys. narro-w. piaiN .lon- streams and rivers \vhere ihey can ^;oxv andve-etables. The excentiolnal cases are H'Mong hiouseholds iliat used lo -atder- 3 . 5houselholds or 20 - 50 households in a small villaoe oni ihe high Imountiniii sides.
Thouolh the northern provinces used to be covered wvith primitive lorests\witn 7recious timber species as: sequo:a. n !be. ai. s%riora \iCtnamlensis.ironwood. etc. as xvell as valUable animals sucih as ti-ers. bears. nan'ihers. deers.w%olves,. foXes inI recent Vears. howe er. the l'or-esl have be desro\ ed iaXdl\ . A.ndasi aL r-Sucii. srcI ucrii c rs and am imals ;nallkni! exist iIn iu!i mountaills.isoled aincd stlOla'. UiViuec areas ;iWoab rio aciess roads anLd luILan. Th]us.tlese ecolocical areas would not suffer fronm dilrec in.acts of'the pro,ec!s.
2.2. Ecological Areas in Project RONNW.
The REP inciudes %4V anld LV linees. distribution substations: ThIe lineR@\\ is Sm nwide (4m on botli sicies of the central line) forFMV lines apn- 'mn w ide'(1-.Sn \ide on both sides) for LV lines.
The project is composed of MV branches to the communes and LV linessuppivin- local households. Although the -eneral areas served by the nroject arehigh steep mountains. the specific topographies passed by the lines are ofr moderateslope wvith rice and crop fields. gardens. industrial trees at some piaces. wvaste landand roadsides as villa2es mainly concentrate at narrow vallevs by the mountainfeet and transportation roads.
The ROW area would be 14.103.003 in- in total. Of which
- Areas of different land in the ROW are detailed in Annex 2
- Areas of different land requisited ROW are detailed in Annex S
- Areas of different land acquired permanentlv are detailed in Annex '
3. Socio-economic Condition.
The natural area of 13 Northern provinces is 97,080.52 lm 2 . 9,259,602people are their total population. the averaae population distribution is96 persons/k}m. The population densitv of Lai Chau province is the lowest(28 persons/kim) and of Phu Tho province is the hiahest (364 personsikim).
The'economies of the Northern provinces mainly base on agriculture andforestrv. Their industries are small with the main focuses on processing ofagricultural and forestrial products. production of construction material. Theeconomic -trowth rate in recent vears are much increased thanks to thedevelopment of goods production. of some industrial trees. orchard trees with hiiheconomic value. and local transportation netwvork. Yet. soIIme provinces are still indifficult)' with low income per head such as Ha Giang. Lao Cal. Cao Bang.
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- See Annex 5 for: natural features of the concerned communes
- See Annex 6 for socio - econiomijc features or tiie concernej comm1unes
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Chl.o!ter 4
PROJECT IMPACT ON ENVI1RONMENTAL
Since the REP serves 150 communes of 67 districts. the natural resources.environment and topography as well as the economic condition of each localiVv,ar- a lot.
Howeve., as the projec: scope is small. the voltace level (-5. k'Vli\) is nothigh. the lines are not so long, the proiect impacts on the physical envirofrene.biologicai sources. ecosystem are insignificant in terms of the impact nature andscope. The specific impacts of the project on the environment are
1. - Impact on Physical Environment
The impact on phvsical environment considered herein are ,he affection onwater, air and hydrosphere.
According to the above mentioncd characteristics and scope of the projecI.the REP would have almost no impact on insignificantly small impact on phvsicalenvironment.
According to the criteria on environment: quality of water. air and land, theproject would not produce waste that mav pollute the water (surface andunderground water). air and soil in the vicinity of the project. The projectconstruction and operation would not result in a change of characteristics or valueof land, water and air.
Nevertheless, the project construction may have impacts on land form dueto construction of tower foundation.
2. Impact on Biological Environment and Eco-system:
The easement of the 22,35kV lines is limited by 2 parallel planes. 3m out ofthe outer conductors when they are vertical. Trees outside the easement must becontrolled to ensure 0.5m clearance in all condition. The clearance from conductorto the tree top in the ROW must be 2 2m.
All trees of or would be > 4m in the line ROW must be cut down. So if theline routes pass natural and industrial forests with trees higher than the limit. suchtrees must be cut down. This would have certain impact on the biological andecological environment.
Besides, other crops in the linc ROW such as rice. vegetables mav beaffected as well during construction process (tower transport and wire pull).
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3. Impact on Human.
3.1. Imnipact on Residential Areas
As this is a distribution network, tile neNwork serves individual customer.For a suitable netwvork conflouration and lowv investment. the line routes must beclosed to the residential areas and usuallv closed to transportation roads so as tofaciiitaLe constructionr. o00-:atlon and Ilic;"'.t. The line rou:l tunI freau-entlto avoid hiouses.
As sucih. projec; conistl-uction \voui causc impacL on the residentala areasdue to hiouses in the ROIW, HowNever,. thie survev data showv tihat there is no housesin the ROW.
3.2. Impact of Electric Field on Human and Animals
Basing on the criteria of the pover sector: "Limitation for power frequ.ncvelec,c f'ield intensityv and stipulations on the Nvorking environment -Limi4tionfor electric field intensitY. wvork-inc time in the affected area".
The allowable wvorking time per day depends on the electric field intensitydefined below
Electric field intensitv < , 8 10 12 15 1 8 20 I'O<E<25>5i>l(KV/'m) i IAllowvable working time not 8 4.25 3 2 n.2 1 1.33 0.8 0.5) | 116 0liper day (h) j limited l l l l _
Thus the electric field affected area is the area with the power frequencyelectric field intensitv of > 5kV/m. For inhabitants living under the lines. the safeelectric field intensitv is < 5kV/m. However, the electric field of the MV lines isquite small that would not affect human's health in the line ROW.
3.3. Impact of Electric Field on Telecommunication Projects
Telecommunication projects include: 4
- Communication lines going closed to or across the 22 (35) kV lines.
- Audio frequency, PLC telephone lines going closed to or along the lines.
3.4. Impact on Landscape, Historical Site
The project traverses areas of different localities. Thus. the impacts on thelandscape, armv sites, airports. historical places and pagodas must be considered in
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the design stage. This is criteria for the line route selection so that such impactsWould be avoided.
3.5. Impact on Saferv: Explosion and Firt.
Explosive substances will not be used in construction. the only constructionmeasure is excavaution. HIoN\\ecer. fire due to cooking must be taken intoconsideration in the construction period.
3.6. Impact of Noise. Vibration. Pollution
Machine operation durinii conslructioIn may cause noise all vibration. .Asthe designed voltages are mmailnN 2. 35kV. noise caused by arcing tlasho-er inliglit rain or moisture condition \Vill not be considered.
3.7. VWorkers' Health and Safetv.
Operators and wvorkers must strictlv follow the state regulaiions g-'rElkingsafetv. Thoroughly consider the followvina s-afetv measures for conistructionwvorkers
- Mine and bomb clearins (if any) prior to construction
- Safety measures for equipment and material transportation
- Excavation and foundation construction.
- Tower erection. arm and insulator installation
- Wire stretching and tensioning, sagging, installation of other fittings.
Besides, consider sanitary and medical measures to prevent and treatcommon diseases as: malaria, typhoid fever, diarrhoea, etc. Apply positivemeasures to limit the impacts on worker's health during construction period.
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Chapter 5
MITIGATION MEASURESFOR NEGATIVE IMPACTS ON ENV'IRONMENT
1. In Design Stage
For REP. many supply optioins have been considered and analysed lordifferent localities in tile survey desion stage to ensure the Lechno-ecoinominccriteria of the project. meanwhile the project impacts on the environment have aisobeen considered to find out mitigation measures ror negative impacts.
1.X. Line Routes.
- Selection of the -.ne routes and mitigation measures
- For ecologicai areas
Cut all trees of potential impact in the line ROW. According to ihe law onforest protection. tree cutting is strictly under control. Thus. the line routes .ry toavoid dense forests. The lines just traverse secondary forests. newly planted forestsand sparselv forests of low economical and ecological value.
As such. there vould be a small impact on ecology.
For residential areas
The optimal routes have been considered to avoid houses. For thoseunavoidably traversina residential plots. the mitigation measures are numeroussmall angles and road crossings to avoid houses and structures.
Technical measures have been made of full use: Reasonable span. specialtechnical options for: Towers, arrms, guys, foundations at dangerous positions tomitigate the project impacts on houses and structures.
The survey results show that the line routesN'will not traverse any houses andstructures.
+ For communication lines.
All the designed lines are apart from important telecommunication lines.Tne lines rarely traverse or go closed to the interdistrict and intercommunetelecommunication lines. Moreover, the transmission lines are onlv somekilometres long wvith moderate voltage. as such it is not necessarv to mention theinfluence and adverse impact on telecommunication lines.
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- For landscape. armr sites, airports. historical places. pagodas and otherstructures:
The actual surve' shows that the lines would not trmverse any historical orcultural places. armv sites. airports. paacdas and impact the surroundinalandscape.
- Other icchnicai soiutions 'or the iine configuration .
To ininimiize the environmental impacts. the line confizuratioin is selectedbasing on: most negati\!e temperature and Weather of the areas.
Thus. ensure the project bearing capacity and minimise electric shoc'- dueto tower fall and conductor break.
The minimum line-to-ground clearance is desi2ned as 6m. other clearances'are.in compliant with the electrical regulations,,as such. the electric field-intunsirvbeFd5v the lines is much smaller thani regulations of WVHO and th-e-ctor(< 5 kV/m).
1.2. Substations:
- The project substations are mainly at 22 (35)/O.4 kV. They are outdoorpole-mounted ty!pes: 3-plhase substation on 2 towers. The land acquisition forsubstations is inconsiderable. substation locations are on public land and there isno affection to houses and residential areas.
- Substations will be equipped with
Drop-out fuses on transformer's MV side for short circuit andovercurrent protection.
Surge arresters for over voltage wave protection.
Aptomat on LV side for short circuit and overcurrent protection.
Thanks to the protection and automatic equipment. all faults occurring inthe operation stage would be eliminated at once, safety would be assured. dangersto people living in the served areas would be mitigated.
2. In Construction Stage:
Mitigation Strategies for Construction are:
2.1. Constructio n Arranngement:
Scientific arrangement. completion of separate project components and theline sections wvould minimize temporary requisition of land.
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Construction activities such as tree cutting, ground clearance. foundationexcavation. material transportation. tower erection. wvire tensionina. ctc. wouldhave certain impacts on the environment. Therefore. concrete mitigation measuresrequired are:
- Tree cuttina. route clearance:
Applv measures of soil tilling, tree and grass plantin- after consiruction.minimize the impact of tree cutting to mitiaate future impacts. For iaAd supposedto erosion. maintain trees w-i.th mLhe allowable heig.ht in the ROW Water Cuuttinl' hiih1trees to keep soil.
- Construction of access roacs,
Access roads for construction have been considered in the design stage a;dspecified before commencemient. The Inain mitic-ation measures are
Access roads would ori2inaie froi-n existing rodds: main trafspdrtationroads (national and provincial roads) etc. and as close to the nearest line aspossible. The temporarv. roads \vould meet the following criteria:
Avoid forests. conservation areas. lakes and ponds. etc.
Grade roads to retard erosion: compensate for lost farn production.industrial trees. and land used temporarilv or permanently for the line onerations.
Discuss with local authorities involved.
- Safety measures:
Safety measures for construction must fullv respect the safelv reaulationsand procedures:
+ (Use specialized machines for) transportation of tools, material or heavyequipment. Check the machines before use. Ligament must be strong. Respect allregulations on transportation safety.
+ Foundation excavation must comply all safety measures. Since the towerfoundations are small, there xvould not be much excavation. Foundation workswould be carried out mainly by manual methods. The maximum unused soilvolume of < Im , as a result of excavation. would be left in the surrounding areasas agreed wvith the local authorities.
Any xvater pipes. underground seNvers. communication or poxver cablesfound during excavation must be reported to the concerned agency. Strictly followinstructions of the agency.
- Applv safety measures for tower erection. arm and insulator installation.wire works and installation of other tittings.
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Workers must respect the regulations on wvorks, safety, labour protectionand concentrate on their works. Thev Nvill be given training on their jobs and safetyprocedures.
Besides. conductor tensioning and tower transportation would be carried outright after harvest olf the annual crops to minimize the impact on crops in theRO W.
2.2. Construictioni Camps
.As i' Or the nar-icular cha1-actL-istics of the -ural elecriflcatioaLr' oject.wvorkers may set up camps in the commune or town centres tor convenienl .ccessto i'ood. foodstuff. drinkin g water and communication means.
For construction in difficult terrains, camps may be laid out near ihe linesand workers would be carried out very quickly. Thus temporar\ tents tor nimitedi,iamber of workers wvould be needed,
There are firm re-uiations on medical and sanitary measures to assurewvorkers' healtlh. Each construction team would have one official specializing inmedical care to take care of the workers and treat common diseases as malaria.typhoid fever. diarrhoea. etc.
2.3. Safety on Fire and Explosion.
Explosion substances will not used in construction wvorks, manualexcavation and fillin_ are main measures. Construction teams would not use 'orestresources but kerosene for cookin-. All substations would be equipped with fireand explosion protection equipment.
2.4. Noise Pollution.
There may be noise and vibration from construction equipment. Thedistribution voltages are at 35, 22kV so the arcing flashover noise occurring inlight rain or humid days would not be taken into account.
The impacts of noise, vibration on the environment in construction stagewould be insianificant.
In general. with the above mitication measures. the project impacts wouldbe rendered as small impacts.
3. In Management and Operation Stage.
3.1. Management. Operation, Repair and Maintenance Works
20
Scope of works includes: repair, periodical maintenance and fault treatmentfor the transmission lines and substations. Thze provincial poxver services (PPS)under PCI wvIll undertake such tasks.
To miti-ate the adverse impacts and limit the net-work faults. to ensure safeoperation. alt workers must strictly foltow reaulations an saferv for management.operation. repair and maintenance of tlhe lines and substations.
3.2. ROW Control:
PPSs \OuLId monitor and control ROW within the croxince. detectviolations in Wie ROW' : houses. trees. etc. and find prompt resoiutions for suchviolations.
Local authorities and tree owners would supervise tree cutting. Take all cutbranches and trees out of the environmental ROWs of the lines and substations.Ra§don. tree cuttinc2 under thle naime of newxvork repair and naintenance. ispro6t;ited.
3.3. Access Roads
Most access roads would be revecetated after completion of the project.Ground would be restored by filling soil. planting grass and trees. etc. some roadsalong the lines. however. wvould be kent to serve thle periodical maintenance. checkand repair.
The above stipulations create bases for the manaaement units to manaaeand mitiaate the environmental impacts.
21
Chapter 6
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMNIENT & IONITORING
- The investor - PCI and local reseLtleimient boards eto be established) are inJarCa oi: comTnensatbor fo;- lost of crcps and assets.
- The provincial environmiental -10n1it.01S ( interninistraia are responsible b'r-
* Monitoring thle implemenritation of itigation measures zo minim.ize ilteproject impacts in thel conistruction and operationi staoe
* ControllinQ and check-ina ihealth of-\ orkers. operaTors and inhabiants
Manacina and checking protection measures for plantations arid aninmalsubject to the impact caused by ihe project.
- PPSs underrak-e to
* Carry out periodical and sudden checks on the netwvork operation.especiallv after rains and storms for necessar- solutions and gooodoperating conditions of the nertworks. These also help to ifind out andprevent v iolations in the line ROW.
* Monitor and prepare annual statistics on the netwvork incidents andfaults.
* Give auidance and supervise the implementation of the state regulationson the network orotection and safety bv the local overnments andpeople. Meanwvhile, stop the violations and report to the concernedbodies for violation solving.
22
Clhapter 7
COST ESTIMATE
Tihe one-tline cost for environmental survey and for source documents iscStinLated as follows:
N" Item U ISD
Environmental sUrvey 3o.5 63.74
Source documents - .a
3 Other costs 4. 3 8 0
Total S 6.261.3 8
Annuai cost for monitoring. supervision and for protection activities
No Item | USD
I iMonitoring, supervision, protection activities 30.000
2 Health control & check of workers, operators & 30.000inhabitants
1 3 -Control & protection measures for animals & plants in '5.000adjacent areas that mav be affected by the lines
4 Other costs 5.000
Total 90.000
This cost will be included in the total investment of the proJect duringconstruction sta_e and in the operation cost during operation stage.
23
Chapter 8
SUMNIARY OFENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMVIENT
The Ilnldiin°s ot the environmental impact assessment are briefed in ,nnex
Cliapter 9
COINTCLUS.IONS
Some conclusions can be made for the areas traversed by the lines
- TopoaraDhv: The areas traversed bv the lines not differ much in elevation`.The line routes mainlv go along transportation roads which maikes it easv fortransportation of material, construction. operation and management.
- Construction of the project will result in a number of environmentalimpacts on the areas traversed bv the lines.
- The environmental impacts are limited during the design. construction aswell as operation stages. The designers and environmental experts wvill co-ordinateto solve problems and work out suitable measures.
- After completion, the project operation would leave certain impacts on theenvironment but the impacts would be of no significance.
24
AAnnex 1
SCOPE OF CONSTRUCTION
IV LV -ine Su,stiOll
; n1e ksnl(;Ivn) 0 1 alMl a capaclvl(ki)i (KVA)
1 Phu Tho province 54.9 2 2' '100
II Quang Ninih province 2 C'. 10 1040
-1h Thai Nguven province 4 S 131.0 '-
IV Bac Can province 14.2 99.4
| Y; ' \'en Bai pro ince 122.7 194.S 1 4390
VI Lang Son province 41.2 :^ 31 0
VII Tuven Quang province I 102. 148.8 38 3935
VIII I Hoa Binh provincz 72.4 66.0 2 1162.
IX Cao Bang province 12 .1 26 2141.5
X Son La province I 116. 299.6 45 3679
XIl Lao Cai province 92. 109.1 45 4063
XII Lai Chau province 46.9 1 270.0 52 5075
XIII Ha Giang province 186.8 99.0 43) 2500
Total 1118.4 1781.2 441 39468.5
25
Aiiticx 2 sTrATrISTIcsON AFFElCTION WVIT1hIN PROJIICT IANE, IZOWNS.
Total A\grictJlittid al Lmid (Ill I:l:Icslcd k1id .~(II ( r)lcsidcltial va.tdelCimI! W~,aste
No Location I lowse - Are;i I IoLisC - l(ice C op) 'Ica Coffee ( ))Iic I looise - lliihiIciI Nottuiul aI I 10WX~ Area Side (III
I Plo1 'Iho1 ploviliCe 321 543,44,5 1 88 329,263 93,0601 - 5.1 32,?220 - ) 79) 88,1 12
11 Quang Ninii pmovince 4123 306,900 IN4 50,6;10 25,530 -- 20,830 39 1 ,8110 -2 So 2,800 1 96,260
III Thai Nguyenci piovince 664 775,400 1 58 205,020 60,000 -- 28 28,0001 39.2)(1 '178 4,780 13 9,400
IV Ilatc Call plovince I, 16 ISS 1027,730 672 359,650 I 12,6101 2,90(0 - 72 - 3 12,9 I s l-I. II5(,'10 133,8415
V Yeln Bai province 863 1 ,565,770) 159 52 7,911 '149,2 10 .3,65(0 '19.30 30,090) 57 73.12 R.6( 617 6,.170 8 32,55 8
VI Lanig Soil provinlce .1,97.3 832( 1,273 '17,198 4 7,198 - - .17.198 I1.-)73 583 ) 31 8 3.798 2.-12?1 2 3 .89)1 28 1,601
Vi II tnyCn Q)nang. plovinice 332 1,266,4001 1 32 234,640 5 1,5418 124,3 17 - 7 1 .77.1 1 122,6 1( 200, 10N 9 1 I 101123 35 1,250
Vill I boa B3iobl province 307 777,200 177 47,808 109,552 20,0001 - 'II 3,75 1 40O1,3.101 89 885 193,S6-I
IX Caio Baneu province 623 1,163,900 249 165,900 23,052 - - 3 7,86'l - - 1(10.70.1 37)1 3,735s 826,6-15
X SOti Ia 1wov'i[)Ce 41.19 1,830.00(0 23 7 3 74,538 372,300 .12,950 - 59,8 13 85 5 190) I 2] 85,1) 1 i I70,100
XI Lamo (in province 826 1,066,500 619 153,680 '1'1,.1'1() - 9S67)I 1)( 23o I /o,sio
XII I ai Chla IIm pi'iice *127 1,1 85,178 31 7 28'I,5 IS 1 89,076 - 9 12,2571 9-1,83861I7,2 930
XIII I Ia Gianig provinVIce 658 1,791,00(0 4 39 1 83,120 - 36,28(0 - 4l72,100( - 18.0))) 2I11 2,1 9 '159,307
,h)Ial 12.033 I 1,103,003 4,724 2,963,852 1,118,176 290,09)7 '1,930( 0 6,805 1,%,817 )905 7- I I.991 1. /07 5 .5)1 7 3,.-1 7 2 5.329,2011)
Anineix 3 S lTATlGISTI;lCS ON TIEMPR()I,ARY ILANI) REQUJISITION
- - --- - _--------- --. - - --------- ,--. - _-_-
m .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Ttl A.li icultmall I.Landl (111 ) m| acd itililtll (111I es lt'i I IIIi; II v ;IttLie II __ In- W le
N 1') I .)CdliloIt I sOu.e - Ar;i;t .ioiisc- l(ice (rop 'I'tO. ( 0l1 ()Iic I loii;c- P.IItl . amo . I . ..Isu - __ side (ml)
hiol.d 11o1(1 iIl(litsl iajl Iio(id 101 Cm 1 Ib c, ;I hold
Irues
I Phil I'l1o province 321 299,090 188 187,680 53,0411 - 54 I 8,365- 79 45(1 39,5S50
II Qualng Nih,lh prointce 123 165,'b00 IN0 6 M.038 20,395 - 7,735 .39 l.0,5416 - 2(0 1,100( 6,286
Ill IlhIi Nguyen piovincC 66.1 453,200 158 1U2,510 - 30,000 - 28 l'4,00(0 19.(00 .178 2,390 284,700
IV I3,e (Can ptrov'ince 1,168 563,580 672 187,018 58,557 1,508 - 72 - 162.76 I..1 5 5,02(1 98,760
V Y'Cn Ilai p)lIIviIce 293 880,260 159 396,117 35,210 38,152 9,228 S,,1341 57 S3,076 - 77 3,8 50 309,193
VI I amg Son IplV11nC1 1.973 480,600 1,273 26,857 26,857 . 0 26,87 1.273 3,17.3 1.1. I)) '.1?7 157.1120 161,437
VIl TIuyell QLIi1g , province 2.39 707,600 94 118,278 28,030 641,31 152,567 61 i j -1,9) 1 102?6 IN 81 69,851 116,881
VIII I ]oi liiol provinlce 307 121,60(0 177 27,251 62,4145 1 .I1JO .- I 2,1 318 2?,I6I 8( 5()1 89,(98
IX (Cao Ihang1i piovince 62'3 611,8()() 249 82,950 11,526 - 18,932 - - 5 ,32 171 1,86X8 .13,173
X Ston I.a Ill ince 11 12 1,064,800 225 202,634 200,X07 29,70( 1(65,170 X 3 ?22,9(1(1 I . 1,111 5I,179 291, 210
XI Ioan ('iii prs ilice 826 587,800 619 76,840 22,220 - 1.1,768 . 37.(72 206 1,0 32 131,968
XI I .ail ( Chatl pli iice .127 727,732 317 1 7.1,656 1 16,437 t-5) 87,.28) 5 X. ? i 6) ( 1 1 09.16 181,tl 3
XIII I Ia (iiji pI)u IIcC 658 9'15,000 (1 139 91,56() IK 1(1 .?)(,()S() , 11'.(10)61 21') 1,0(7 '79,151
T'Iol.a 11,333 7,9(08,462 4,674 1,7341,388 635,528 193,331 9,228 027,513 1,7 47t '.126,6 1(0 I,(1311,761) -1,9(12 I 5S,722 2,795,342
Aiiticx 4: S'l'A'l'IS'l'ICS ON P'ERMANEN'I' LANI) ACQUJISITION
IIotull A-ictilliral .;uland (mu2) F l-oicsfed kin;dI (II) ResitkIclli,l grdIdLninh! U'astc
land (III) lan d, roa(d
N) I .1tl'l ioll I lotise - Aic-a I lotise- Rice C_op I'c.r (.)olkeil Olthe I louse- Plantud N;luui 2 I l' A - Ai.a side (ft 2)
hibld lhold id(olsnl i;l hold ibiecst I c( h(ol
I 11111 'l Iho lprovince 2-12 3,610 188 1,657 673 ._ - 5'1 _ ._ .. 772
11 Ouaing Ninh province 123 1,775 I 04 228 '102 - -10 39 280 -1 ( 5.0) 285
III I'lai Ngiycn ploFviILC 064 6,476 158 174 - 138 - 8 I .'.X 17 . 1.131 -1,107
1\V lic Can province 1,168 6,593 672 2,016 325 8 - - 77 216 (103 .12- 1,272 1,853
V. Yen i Aplovintce 293 10,954 159 4,9641 134l 178 111 59 57 1,10.3 i52 77 772 2,481
VI I.ang Soun province '1,973 7,513 1,273 328 334 3 333 1,27' *1,,) 537 2.427 3,538 1,9S0
VIl Ttocuy Qllaimg pfovinucc 266 8,705 116 901 226 5(01 . 2,308 75 -1'1 I ,131 75 225 2,717
Vill I loa Ilinh pfovinlcc 307 '1,706 177 531 316 58 11 12.3 1 I . 8 '66 2. 5255
IX Cao Bane province 623 5,600 249 722 66 - 1(09 - - 08 37-1 1,121 3,274
X Sol) IL pulovilce 338 1*1,82 1 I8t 3,395 3,109 1,094 1,895 57 1,971 97 1,2 39) 1,815
XI Lao C.ui plovinice 826 7,124l 619 1,857 1728 - . 85 . . 21) 200 (1') .1,2 15
XII I ai Clunoil prom itce .127 1 2,248 317 2,939 1,960 - - -?59 1,170 9);( 61 1.837 3.062
Xil I lia (iiam, IpI ovince 658 8,882 139 1,316 - ()5 1362 ' '. - I .32') 21') (.s, 1,112
IuI,.I I 1,207 91,882 .4,036 19,171 8,1l4-I 2,383 III 6,1 06 1,7 55 6,2111 7,x 1 I .1,511(11 12,9111 28,712.4
28
Aziicx 5: NATUIRJAL FEATURES OFCO ('ONCERNEl) COMMIINFS
NO Features Aica 1olniion lahoiiiei
Localit) T obtal area Agricultura 1 orcstcs Rsidential Otlcv s POjIti.on I lousH olld A\1_1 itI It mC . olFc on Plat OilionI
I land a1n11d( 1 l_d ._ I 997 _ 997. I hillotlil ' rate
I 1P11 '11ho 10,332.9 2,11 8.6 2,388.9 864. I 4,96 I .3 32,529.( 6,07 3(0 I 1.01I3.0 65'? o I 77 %
2 Quaiig Niilub 73,683.4 975.8 15,1 3 1 .0 6 I .8 56,96481. i 8,'83.7i.(0 (.6'7 ( . . 8 .1% 0
3 IIh.ii Ngoyen 20 ,455.9 2,091.1 I 11507.( 2?9'5.5 0,502.3 33.273.() ,6.00 I 13 S 7 3).0 71)0 1 .7"
4 ac ('an 5 1,426 2,147.0 I 8,2 13.0 I .32. 1 30,9.33.9 2,2912 9 I. 0 5,0 )2. .( ) "A .11 6 5 8I' o I /7)
5 Ycn Bal 64,201.25 4,208.95 29,098.93 1,089.28 29,80-1 1 5 1,4l29.() 9,Q30(.) 2'0.' I6.0 64.2% I .89%9'o
6 hi.mnu Sol l 32,6312.55 6A,475.() 22,131.6 028.5 I 3, 3)/.74 27 *139.0 5. 056) 10,610.0 I (0 .%. 0Oil 1.50
7 T1ti)en Quanig 37,628.09 3,164.49 23,825.0 258.51 10,3h0.1 '13,758.() t 9,03(.0 17, 1)1(1.0 70% 2.0%No
8 I loa 13Di 22,582 2,271.0 12,126.0 969.0 7,216.0 926,X6.0 1,9( 1.0( I 0, ?9f6() 5 05 I .6%
9 Ca(o Bang 55,064 2,910.0 2,517.0 I 241.0 '19,5 13.0 25,91 6.0 1,31 .(. I ), 2 0/.0 % 6'o I .5"o 0
10 Son L.a 94,732 13,179.0 36,892.0 393.0 4'1,268(. 61,229.0 1 (0459) 2I ,')%I.()0 70% 1.6%
II I.ao Cii 59,398 7,145.0 20,613.0 884I.0 30,756.() 413,679.( 7,'109.0 I ).0 (1 65% I .5%.
12 LIai (.hati l 68,238.8 8,590.7 '14,298.3 I,12'4.8 1,1 22.0 78,S90.( IH,012.0 )29.1.`X0 . 75% 2. 3%
13 l la ( iianig 115,927 8,383.0 28,621.0 41 6.0 78,507.0 5S.6 8'.) 10,128.0 I .').()" 80 I.o%
Tot1Il 7(06,301.89 63,659.6.1 267,362.73 7,790(.63 367,488.9 52 8,() I (fi.A 97,635.0) 1 SI-),S. 1.1i
Aiiiicx 6 : SOCIO-ECONOMl)M F ' OF'l't ()I'' ( F )NC 0 IFNEI) (C.( NI Il I IN i:S29
It \lcaitiics I flCOIlIC °Otipu ; '- .I.\ ILn! CoIliditiol
Nil Tlotl Average Gjoodi Bad Ot)itput A verage Strong point Rtislkin hg I vision ( asset Ic .Scliool Clinic
iComIIe iflCOIllOC iicCOjCc iilcoiiic In)pd'dy otip)it lii lllallpk yer1 (Class) (bed)
L ocality 1 (06d I 0 3(11/ I OI/h (I3(111/ ton)/bled;(I 1 Yh d , g/el1e11111n (1i) (lt (
_ _._ ______ _. ._ _-.1) .~ -j111l_. ___._ ._ . 9 . _ . __ ... _-
1 .Phlu Il*Vo 1 5.4419 2,3 15 3,400 I ,700 1,53( I 1() ice .( .1 b)M l 1100 0.0n 85 93
2 Quang Ninhi 19,200 4,815 7,200 2,00(1 7,592 412(1 Ricc 8 I .21 .8IL S I I1
Tliai Ngtiyeni 49,025.5 7.!1 ' i 5,00(1 3,00() )027.() 271 Ica,; 031. ' I 990 1.19 5
4 Bac C;,ni r7,(2 1 5,555 8,00(0 , 000 6,83 .2(9 l<iC(. otIMjaid tICCs 8 .0 75-I 13 -1(4
5 Yel Hlai 36.1 4(4 3,720 ,000() 1,800 12,429.8 242 Rice 10,.) .5 71) -I 11;5 1 921 1 2l 05
6 I SmiLS 02.97 1 12,455 15,000 6, 000 6,222 227 Anise 3 /7( I 31) 1 35 29
7 T1yen QOtang 4-1.85) 4.963 8,000 3,000 16,58.3.4' 379 1 1 .,(, . 2( I 1 27
8 I boa Bilimb 35.0)(0 7,138 10,00(1 3.00(0 1 0,018 37 7 5 c 7.02 1 1 ' 0 I 1 11 3o 137
9 (Can 1.,11 ! o.7(,6. i 1.54() 2, 000 1.00( 4,10 01 I(ice 3,5-8S 31 O 1 -1 1 I- 6 -1.I
10 Soll l.a .17. 194 1,660 6,000 3.00(0 27,02 1 i110 Rice. R i, o t ildI tr; 7) /l l I . I373) 1 72
II L a.o (Cii 9,91 5.4 1,338 1,900 800 13,228 303 Ricc I 5 S.3 5o3 51) S-1M I 61 52
12 I;lai (hail 1415.393 10,3 50 12,000 3,000 3 31 23 125 101 3.150 3.55() 180 x)o
1 3 I1 (a 1 0.042 1,584 2,500 1.000 12,731 21H RiC 1 .7102 - 2 () oIl) 82 87
1,,t;al :516,,6.76, _ 1071,169 , (if) 69-1 I I l)9 I o,.I l I I ,037 (89
'/h ,1 'ii'.: lng,1}{ oh,e13ol0
30
Annex S.
SUMMARY OF EIA
Rural Electrification Project
Transmi,ssion Iine dcsn icr)artinent - 1'lDC I.
Particip nant
-. a.aLl erl, Nguyen Duc Thanh
Dc ; lut Manager: Nguyen NIin4i Tuan
Assistant N:uven Vi Linh
Major project components
1. Distribution lines
%MV K: nesI 11! S.4 km
- LV lines 178 1.2kcm
2. Substations:
Quaniitv 441 substations
Total capaciy: :39463 .5KVA
Environmental concerns and recommendations
- The mitigation measures detailed in RAP would significantly mitigate theenvironmental impacts on the project served inhabitants.
- Civil workers and operators must properjy compile the safety regulationsduring working to minimize bad impacts on health.
- The project manager and officials in charge of monitoring and supervisionmust obey all regulations to minimize the environmental impacts.
Necessity for more detailed environmental examination : Not needed as themneasures already prescribed.
Comments of environmental specialist:
32
The i. estor - PC, must advise construction units to strictly follow .heregulations on environmental protectiOIn and compensation policv so as to ensuresafetvy for construction und operutiOl
33