victory and defeat in the greek world chapter 5 section 3
TRANSCRIPT
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Victory and Defeat in Victory and Defeat in the Greek World the Greek World Chapter 5 Section 3 Chapter 5 Section 3
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Things to keep in mindThings to keep in mind
What were the results of the Persian and Peloponnesian wars?
Why did Athens enjoy a Golden age under Pericles?
What led to the outbreak of the Peloponnesian wars?
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The Persian WarsThe Persian Wars Athens was the wealthiest Greek
City-State by 500 B.C. Threat came the Persians Look at the map on page 113
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Athens (the Acropolis)
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Marathon
Persian Emperor Darius sent a large force to punish Athens.
Persian Army landed at Marathon Athenian forces were outnumbered
2-1 Athenians forced the Persians to
retreat
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The run of PheidippidesThe run of Pheidippides
Carried news of the Victory to Athens
26.2 Miles Marathon Died when he reached
Athens
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Predicting the futurePredicting the future
Themistocles, the leader of Athens, urged Athens to build a fleet of warships to prepare for future attacks
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Xerxes sends more Xerxes sends more troopstroops
The son of Darius sends more troops from the Persian Empire
Athens had joined forces with Sparta to prevent a loss to the Persian Empire
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ThermopylaeThermopylae A small mountain pass guarded by
a small Spartan force Spartan force led by King Leonidas Held for a long period of time but
could not withstand the force of the Persian Army
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rJZ-STX0x0c (view a movie scene from 300)
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Persians march on
Attack and burn Athens, but no one is there
Athens retreated to safety
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Themistocles was right
Using the fleet he had urged them to build, the Athenians defeated the Persian fleet in the Straight of Salamis
Athens defeated the Persians 1 year later
Athens and Sparta defeated the Persian threat
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Xerxes was sure of victory. He had his throne placed on a hill overlooking the sea, in part to savor his victory and in part so his commanders would know that their king was watching them.
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Results of the Persian War
Increased their belief in their superiority
Athens was the most powerful city-state
Greece is still worried about the Persian Empire
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Delian LeagueDelian League Made up of Greek City States who
wanted to protect themselves from Persia
Athens dominated the League Moved the Treasury from Delos to
Athens Used Delian League $ to rebuild
their city
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The Delian LeagueThe Delian League
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The Age of PericlesThe Age of Pericles Golden Age for Athens Thriving economy and increased
democracy Athenians had a Direct Democracy Rebuilt the Acropolis With the help of Aspasia, Pericles
turned Athens into the center of Greek Culture
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Greeks vs. GreeksGreeks vs. Greeks
Resentment of the Power of Athens causes Sparta and other Greek countries to form the Peloponnesian League
Peloponnesian government = Oligarchy
Delian government = Democracy A 27 year war was about to start
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The Peloponnesian WarThe Peloponnesian War
Athens had a geographic disadvantage: Sparta was located inland
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Good thought. Bad Good thought. Bad Result.Result.
In an attempt to save the people outside the city, Pericles allows everyone inside the walls of Athens
The Plague strikes as a result of the overcrowding
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Bad leadershipBad leadership
The Plague kills Pericles himself Power Struggles in Athens
undermined the cities Democratic Government
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Did not see this one Did not see this one comingcoming
Sparta allies itself with The Persian Empire
The Spartans defeat Athens
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Sparta after the WarSparta after the War
Will lose to Thebes, another Greek city-state A new power is rising in Macedonia