veterinary virology

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Veterinary Virology Clinical presentation Diagnosis Molecular characteristics Treatment Disease control

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Veterinary Virology. Clinical presentation Diagnosis Molecular characteristics Treatment Disease control. Lilly – 8 week old beagle x spaniel. Diagnostic tests. Canine parvovirus. ssDNA virus, 5000 nucleotides Non enveloped Discovered in late 1970s - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Veterinary Virology

Veterinary Virology

Clinical presentation

Diagnosis

Molecular characteristics

Treatment

Disease control

Page 2: Veterinary Virology

Lilly – 8 week old beagle x spaniel

Page 3: Veterinary Virology

Diagnostic tests

Page 4: Veterinary Virology

Canine parvovirus

ssDNA virus, 5000 nucleotides

Non enveloped

Discovered in late 1970s

Replicates in rapidly dividing cells intestinal cells - enteritis lymphoid cells - panleukopaenia

Page 5: Veterinary Virology

Treatment of canine parvovirus

IVFTAntibioticsAnalgesiaGastroprotectantsAnti-emetics

Page 6: Veterinary Virology

Prevention

Vaccination Parvovirus Canine adenovirus 1+2 Distemper Parainfluenza virus (Leptospirosis) (Coronavirus) (Rabies)

Isolation – strict biosecurity

Page 7: Veterinary Virology

Bobby, 2 year old MN rabbit

Page 8: Veterinary Virology

Myxomatosis

Classic clinical signs

• Swelling of eyelids with ocular discharge

• Swellings around nose and base of ear

• Swollen genitalia

• Very lethargic and inappatent

Page 9: Veterinary Virology

Virus characteristics

Pox virus, ‘myxoma virus’

Enveloped, dsDNA, 162,000nt genome

Avoids recognition by immune system - produce proteins that mimic host cell receptors and cytokines

Discovered in 1896, Uruguay

Benign infection in South American rabbits, but fatal disease in European rabbit Oryctalagus cuniculus

Page 10: Veterinary Virology

Treatment and control

• No known treatment. 95% die of infection within a few days

• Vaccination • Every 6 months• Viral haemorrhagic

disease virus

Page 11: Veterinary Virology

Hill Farm, 60 head beef cattle, 400 sheep

Page 12: Veterinary Virology

Foot and Mouth virus (FMDV)

• Picornavirus

• +ve ssRNA, non enveloped, 8.4Kbp genome

• Transmitted by direct contact, fomites and aerosol

• Replicates in epithelium at entry site before inducing viraemia

• Does it kill all hosts?

Page 13: Veterinary Virology

Control

Cull

Strict biosecurity

Enforced movement bans / quarantine

Vaccination?

Page 14: Veterinary Virology

Litter of kittens, 6 weeks old

Page 15: Veterinary Virology

‘Cat Flu’ – FCV, FHV and chlamydophila

Feline calicivirus [FCV]

• ssRNA non enveloped virus

• Numerous strains

• Spread by oro/nasal secretions, direct or fomites

• Can be acute or persistent

• Variable clinical signs whilst shedding

Stomatitis

Page 16: Veterinary Virology

Feline herpesvirus [FHV]

• dsDNA enveloped virus

• Single strain

• Acute initial infection 2-4wks, then establishes latency in up to 90% cases

• Reactivation can occur after stress

Page 17: Veterinary Virology

Treatment and control

TLC

Antibiotics

Decongestants

Owner education is important

Vaccination

• FCV

• FHV

• Feline panleukopaenia virus

• Chlamydophila

• FeLV

Page 18: Veterinary Virology

Harris, ME 5yr old DSH

Page 19: Veterinary Virology

Investigations

Page 20: Veterinary Virology

Feline immunodeficiency virus [FIV]

Page 21: Veterinary Virology

Retrovirus, ssRNA, 9400 nt

Identified in 1986

Transmitted by saliva-blood contact e.g. bites

Initial viraemia, then only low levels of virus for x months before immunodeficiency develops

No recovery from infection occurs but cases can survive a number of years (similar to HIV)

2-3% cats in UK have FIV

Feline immunodeficiency virus [FIV]