Veterinary Jeopardy!

Waterford Union High School

Rules

• Each team sends one person per turn. They cannot get help from their team

• First to “buzz” in gets 15 seconds to answer. • If the first person to buzz cannot get the answer, the

second team can buzz in. Once they buzz in, they too have 15 seconds. They also cannot get help.

• You either gain or lose points on each turn.• If no team buzzes within 10 seconds, the question

ends and the answer is given.

$100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $100

$200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200

$300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300

$400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400

$500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500

Termin-ology

Plasmid Resistance

Mech’s of Resistance

Pharm, Bio, None?

Immune System

Vaccines

Terminology

• This is the term for usage of a drug that is different from the manufacturers instructions and not prescribed by a medical professional.

• Off label usage

Terminology

• This is when directions prescribed by a medical professional differ from the drug’s original instructions.

• Extra-label usage

Terminology

• This is the term for when a pharmaceutical becomes ineffective against its intended pathogen due to overuse, abuse, or inappropriate use.

• Drug/Antibiotic Resistance

Terminology

• This is the term for a drug that is used to prevent a disease by using a weakened or killed version of the pathogen.

• Biological or vaccine

Terminology

• This is the term for a form of resistance that the bacteria acquires by random mutation.

• Chromosomal resistance.

Plasmid Resistance

• This is the form of plasmid resistance in which a virus transfers the gene for resistance

• Transduction

Plasmid Resistance

The form of plasmid resistance in which a gene literally “jumps” out of the genome is known as…Transposons

Plasmid Resistance

• The form of plasmid resistance that involves the formation of and exchange of genetic material over a sex pilus is known as…

• Conjugation

Plasmid Resistance

• The form of plasmid resistance in which bacteria absorb genes remaining from a lysed bacteria would be…

• Transformation

Plasmid Resistance

- What is a plasmid?- An acquired circular piece of DNA in a bacteria

that is not part of its original DNA (“extra DNA”)

Mech’s of Resistance

• The mechanism of antibiotic resistance that would include the 3rd membrane of gram negative bacteria would be…

• Decreased permeability• Efflux Pumps• Deactivating Enzymes• Altered Target Site

Mech’s of Resistance

• The mechanism of antibiotic resistance in which a non-critical portion of the bacterial cell binds the antibiotic would be..

• Decreased permeability• Efflux Pumps• Deactivating Enzymes• Altered Target Site

Mech’s of Resistance• The mechanism of antibiotic resistance in

which the antibiotic is literally broken up is caused by…

• Decreased permeability• Efflux Pumps• Deactivating Enzymes• Altered Target Site

Mech’s of Resistance

• The mechanism of antibiotic resistance in which the drug is forcibly removed from the inside of the bacteria would be…

• Decreased permeability• Efflux Pumps• Deactivating Enzymes• Altered Target Site

Mech’s of Resistance• Gram-negative bacteria always use this

mechanism of antibiotic resistance• Decreased permeability• Efflux Pumps• Deactivating Enzymes• Altered Target Site

Pharm, Bio, None?

• This is used to prevent a disease and is not effective if you already have had the disease.

• Biological

Pharm, Bio, None?

• This is used to treat a disease and does not work to prevent a disease from occuring.

• Pharmaceutical

Pharm, Bio, None?

• Over-use of this can lead to drug resistance.• Pharmaceutical

Pharm, Bio, None?

• These provide the most reliable and effective form of livestock health management.

• Biological

Pharm, Bio, None?

• These provide the most reliable and effective form of livestock health management.

• Biological

Immune System

• This is the term for the 3-14 days it takes for a sufficient amount of antibody to be produced to fight a disease

• Primary response

Immune System

• These immune cells reduce the amount of antigen needed to stimulate an immune response.

• Memory cells

Immune System

• This is the term for the quicker, more rapid response to a pathogen after immunity stimulates the production of memory cells.

• Secondary Response

Immune System

• These are the predator cells that kill pathogenic bacteria and viruses.

• T-lymphocytes (or Killer T Cells)

Immune System

• This is the kind of immunity created by having the disease or a vaccination

• Active Immunity

Vaccines

• These are the kind of vaccine that are made from a less-virulent form of the pathogen.

• Live Vaccine

Vaccines

• This is the term for a vaccine that is made from only the antigens of the formerly-living pathogen

• Killed Vaccine

Vaccines

• This is the term for a vaccine that is made from a weakened version of the virulent pathogen

• Modified Live Vaccine

Vaccines

• This is the term for a biological made from the blood of an immune animal that provides short-term passive immunity

• Antiserum

Miscellaneous

• This is the term for the biological that is made from the blood of an animal that produced antibodies to bacterial toxins.

• Antitoxin

FINAL JEOPARDY

• Who developed the first vaccine?• Edward Jenner