vesta methanation applications for small scale, multipurpose, … · 2018-11-19 · technology...
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VESTA Methanation Applications for Small Scale, Multipurpose, Green SNG Production
Amec Foster Wheeler Italiana (a Wood Company)
© wood. 2018
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Contents
► Introduction to Bio-SNG production
►Methanation brick: VESTA technology
►Alternative process schemes of Bio-SNG production
►Techno-economic assessment of the alternative
process schemes
►Conclusions
►Decree on Biomethane
© wood. 2018
Background to Bio-SNG production
►What does “SNG” mean?
Substitute Natural Gas (SNG) is the natural gas that can be produced from coal or biomass (Chandel et al., 2009)
► Alternative to expensive natural gas in countrieslike China where in-house natural gas resourcesare not present
►Green natural gas
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Background to Bio-SNG production
► Bio-SNG : one of the most flexible approaches to decarbonize end demand
► Residential heating (including cooking)
► Transportation
► Cogeneration
► Three alternative renewable pathways
► A practical pathway to final users
► Easy connection of production plants to existing natural gas networks
► Technologies (for gas clean-up, drying, methanation, …) are availableand mature for commercial application
► Biomass gasification
► Biogas upgrading
► Power to Gas
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Decree on biomethane to EU’s 2020 goals
Panorama
►The biogas sector represents a production potential of renewable gas by 2030 of 10 billion Nm 3 of biomethane (80% from agricultural matrices and 20% from organic wastes, non-biogenic sources, and gasification).
►The production process of biomethane implicates a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions .
►The previous Legislative Decrees on biomethane (D.M. 5 Dicembre 2013 and D.M. 10 ottobre 2014) have been strongly criticized by the operators of the agro-energy sector due to the lack of success of the provided actions and procedures.
Target
►Achievement of the amount of renewable energy sources in the sector of transportation according to 2020 standards .
Actions
►The new decree (March 2018) establishes a minimum price for the certificates C.I.C. (Certificati di Immissione in Consumo) derived from the use of advanced biomethane in the transport sector .
►10-years guaranteed value equal to 375 €/CIC ~ 75 €/Gcal
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Biomass gasification
Main process blocks: biomass gasification to Bio-SNG
BIOMASS
SNG
ASU
Feedstockpreparation
Syngas coolingTreatment & ConditioningMethanation
Gasification Tar Removal
UtilitiesSTEAM/POWER/CW,etc .
O2
CO2 AG
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Biogas upgrading
Main process blocks: biogas upgrading to Bio-SNG
BIOGAS SNG
Renewable Hydrogen
Desulphurization & Compression Methanation Drying
Utilities
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Power to Gas
Main process blocks: integrated Bio-SNG production from Power to Gas application
CO2 SNG
Renewable Hydrogen
Methanation Drying
Utilities
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Technology review - VESTA
►Competing technologies
Process characteristics :
GASIFICATION METHANATION REACTORSACID GAS REMOVALSOUR SHIFT
RECYCLECOMPRESSOR
SNG
H2S
CO2
�
�
� Recycle compressor to handle the exothermic reactions (a lot of productgases go through circulation, as a heat transfer medium)
� Complex adjustment of the feed gas to achieve on-spec SNG
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Technology review - VESTA
GASIFICATION METHANATION REACTORSH2SREMOVAL
CLEAN SHIFT
SNG
H2S CO2
CO2REMOVAL
Process characteristics : ► No recycle compressor► CO2 and H2O control heat of reaction► Easy to control
► The VESTA technology
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Technology review - VESTA
► Catalyst (high temperature methanation)
► Methanation reactors filled with proprietary Clariant catalyst
► High stability, robust under different conditions
► Suitable for the operating range 230-700 °C (higher than conventionalmethanation catalysts)
► High CO and CO2 conversion
► No carbon deposition
► Long operational history and industrial references
► Available as pre-reduced catalyst for simple start-up
► Two Basic Design Packages completed
► First License Sold in Europe
► Based on biomassfeedstocks
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Technology review - VESTA
► Wood has signed a cooperation agreement with Clariant International AG (“Clariant”) and Wison Engineering Ltd (“Wison Engineering”) to build a pilot plant to demonstrate the Wood VESTA SNG technology.
Pilot plant :
► Designed for a production capacity of 100 Nm3/h of SNG and includes allreactors and control system in order to completely demonstrate a realplant in addition to the verification of the chemical reactions
► Erected in Nanjing, China
► Two test campaigns have been carried out in 2014 and 2015/2016 tosuccessfully demonstrate a continuous operation at 100% SNGproduction meeting the Chinese natural gas grid specification, and to testdifferent operating parameters.
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Technology review - VESTA
►Methanation: VESTA Pilot Plant
Pilot plant and methanation reactors
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Technology review - VESTA
►Methanation: Bio-SNG demonstration plant► Funded by the UK’s Department for Transport
and by National Grid Gas Distribution
► Advanced Plasma Power’s Gasplasma®
technology to convert biomass to syngas followed by Wood’s VESTA SNG technology to convert syngas to substitute natural gas (SNG).
► The Biomass-to-SNG Demonstration scope consist of a Basic Engineering Design (BED) followed by Engineering Procurement & Fabrication (EPF) which includes the following sections:
• Final gas clean-up (deep desulphurisation, dehalogenation)
• Clean syngas methanation
• CO2 removal system
• SNG drying
►Wood sections are mechanically completed, while the commissioning of the upstream section are ongoing. Expected start-up date: end of September.
Advanced Plasma Power Swindon plant
The 4.5 MWh Biomass-to-SNG Demonstration Project will establish the commercial feasibility of the Bio-SNG process in the next few months
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Techno-economic assessment of Biomass-to-SNG
► Main Input Data
► Plant Configuration
CFB Gasifier pressurized and oxygen blown
Catalytic tar reforming
Physical solvent washing for H2S removal
VESTA SNG Technology
Chemical solvent washing for CO2 removal
Outlet thermal power (SNG): 200 MWh
(or 21,000 Nm3/h)
Feedstock: Woody materials
►Case study #1: Biomass gasification to Bio-SNG production
ITEM VALUE UNIT
Inlet thermal power 315-330 MWh
Efficiency (SNG thermal power / Biomass thermal power )
Up to 67 %
SNG production cost (Biomass cost 22 €/ton; Full Equity, I.R.R. 8%)
13.0 $/MMbtu
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Techno-economic assessment of Biogas-to-SNG
► Main Input Data
► Plant Configuration
Outlet thermal power (SNG): 4.4 MWh
Feedstocks: 3 MWh Biogas
550 Nm3/h Renewable Hydrogen
►Case study #2: Biogas upgrading to Bio-SNG production
Electrolyzers for Hydrogen generation
Desulphurization (biological or chemical)
VESTA SNG Technology
ITEM VALUE UNIT
Electrical power required for renewable hydrogen production
2.3 MW
Outlet SNG flowrate 455 Nm3/h
Electrical power to SNG efficiency
61 %
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Techno-economic assessment of Power to Gas-to-SNG
► Main Input Data
► Plant Configuration
Outlet thermal power (SNG): 4.4 MWh
Feedstocks: 141 Nm3/h CO2
550 Nm3/h Renewable Hydrogen
►Case study #3: Power to Gas application to Bio-SNG production
Electrolyzers for Hydrogen generation
VESTA SNG Technology
ITEM VALUE UNIT
Electrical power required for renewable Hydrogen production
2.3 MW
Outlet SNG flowrate 145 Nm3/h
Electrical power to SNG efficiency 60 %
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Conclusions
► SNG production via biomass gasification, biogas and Power to Gasapplications has been proved to be technically feasible.
► Considering a middle term forecast for the natural gas price of 8-10$/MMBtu the biomass gasification plant can be economically attractivewith an incentive in line with what currently applies in Northern Europe,or alternatively considering a monetization for the low level heatintegration (e.g., district heating).
► New Italian decree on biomethane provides a strong potential to biofuelproduction to meet “2020 goals” by recognizing the value of the C.I.C.
► Wood is strongly committed in this field, being technology leader,together with Clariant, of a patented SNG production process (VESTA)that can be applied to shape the future of clean energy.
► Main technologies are available and mature for commercial application.
