vertebrates & invertebrates sc standards: 6-3.1 compare the characteristic structures of...
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Vertebrates & Vertebrates & InvertebratesInvertebrates
SC standards: 6-3.1 SC standards: 6-3.1 Compare the characteristic Compare the characteristic structures of invertebrate animals (including sponges, structures of invertebrate animals (including sponges,
segmented worms, echinoderms, mollusks, and segmented worms, echinoderms, mollusks, and arthropods) and vertebrate animals (fish amphibians, arthropods) and vertebrate animals (fish amphibians,
reptiles, birds and mammals)reptiles, birds and mammals)
The Animal KingdomThe Animal KingdomMulti-cellular (has many cells)Multi-cellular (has many cells)Cannot make their own food, they are Cannot make their own food, they are heterotrophs (must get energy by eating heterotrophs (must get energy by eating plants and other animalsplants and other animalsAre either vertebrates or invertebratesAre either vertebrates or invertebrates– VertebratesVertebrates fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds
or mammalsor mammals– InvertebratesInvertebrates sponges, segmented worms, sponges, segmented worms,
echinoderms, mollusks, and arthropodsechinoderms, mollusks, and arthropods
VertebratesVertebratesANIMALS WITH A BACKBONE!ANIMALS WITH A BACKBONE!
Shared characteristics of vertebrates:Shared characteristics of vertebrates:– BackboneBackbone– Protective skin coveringProtective skin covering– Inside skeletonInside skeleton– MusclesMuscles– Blood that circulates through blood vesselsBlood that circulates through blood vessels– Lungs or gills for breathingLungs or gills for breathing
Vertebrates are divided into 5 Vertebrates are divided into 5 groups:groups:
–FishFish
–AmphibiansAmphibians
–ReptilesReptiles
–MammalsMammals
–BirdsBirds
Vertebrate- FishVertebrate- Fish
Have backbonesHave backbones
Cold-blooded Cold-blooded (ectothermic)(ectothermic)
Obtain oxygen in Obtain oxygen in water through gillswater through gills
Most lay eggsMost lay eggs
Have scalesHave scales
Have finsHave fins
Live in waterLive in water
Vertebrate- AmphibiansVertebrate- Amphibians
Have backbonesHave backbonesCold-blooded (ectothermic)Cold-blooded (ectothermic)Can breathe in water withCan breathe in water with
gills early in life and breathe gills early in life and breathe on land with lungs as adultson land with lungs as adults
Lay jelly-like eggsLay jelly-like eggsMajor groups are frogs, Major groups are frogs,
toads, and salamanderstoads, and salamanders
Vertebrate- ReptilesVertebrate- Reptiles
Have backbonesHave backbones
Cold-blooded (ectothermic)Cold-blooded (ectothermic)
Breathe with lungsBreathe with lungs
Most lay eggsMost lay eggs
In some reptiles the eggs hatch inside the In some reptiles the eggs hatch inside the mothermother
Have scales or platesHave scales or plates
Vertebrates- MammalsVertebrates- Mammals
Have backbonesHave backbones
Warm-blooded (endothermic)Warm-blooded (endothermic)
Breathe with lungsBreathe with lungs
Have babies that are born aliveHave babies that are born alive
Have fur or hairHave fur or hair
Produce milk to feed their youngProduce milk to feed their young
Vertebrates- Birds Vertebrates- Birds
Have backbonesHave backbonesAre warm-blooded (endothermic)Are warm-blooded (endothermic)Breathe with lungsBreathe with lungsLay eggsLay eggsHave feathersHave feathersHave a beakHave a beakTwo wingsTwo wingsTwo feetTwo feet
Invertebrates- Invertebrates- ANIMALS WITHOUT A BACKBONE!ANIMALS WITHOUT A BACKBONE!
90% of ALL animals are invertebrates90% of ALL animals are invertebrates
Largest group of invertebrates are the Largest group of invertebrates are the arthropodsarthropods
Invertebrates- SpongesInvertebrates- Sponges
Very simple animals Very simple animals Have many pores (holes) through which water Have many pores (holes) through which water flowsflowsWater moves into a ventral cavity and out Water moves into a ventral cavity and out through a hole in the topthrough a hole in the topSponges obtain their food and eliminate wastes Sponges obtain their food and eliminate wastes through this passage of waterthrough this passage of waterLive in fresh or salt waterLive in fresh or salt water
Invertebrates- Segmented WormsInvertebrates- Segmented Worms
Have long tube-like bodies Have long tube-like bodies that are divided into that are divided into segmentssegments
Simplest organisms with a Simplest organisms with a true nervous systemtrue nervous system
Have a long digestive tube Have a long digestive tube that runs down the length that runs down the length of the worm’s bodyof the worm’s body
Examples: earthworms Examples: earthworms and leechesand leeches
Invertebrates- EchinodermsInvertebrates- EchinodermsSimilar parts Similar parts (arms) that (arms) that extend from the extend from the middle body middle body outwardsoutwardsThey have tube They have tube feet and spinesfeet and spinesExamples: Examples: starfish, brittle starfish, brittle stars, sea stars, sea cucumbers, or cucumbers, or sea urchinssea urchins
Invertebrates- ArthropodsInvertebrates- Arthropods
Have jointed legsHave jointed legsLive on land and in waterLive on land and in waterHave hard outer Have hard outer
coverings called coverings called exoskeletonsexoskeletonsHave segmented bodies Have segmented bodies
and some have wingsand some have wingsExamples: insects, Examples: insects,
spiders, and crustaceansspiders, and crustaceans
Invertebrates- MollusksInvertebrates- Mollusks
Have soft bodiesHave soft bodiesMost have a thick muscular Most have a thick muscular
foot for movement or to open foot for movement or to open and close their shellsand close their shells
Live in salt or fresh water Live in salt or fresh water or on landor on land
Some have shellsSome have shellsExamples: snails, clams Examples: snails, clams
and octopiand octopi