VERTEBRAL JOINTS & BIOMECHANICS

Kellie Fokin, Kristen Classen, Kylie Quinn, Eric Mentzer

SPINAL RANGE OF MOTION

HeadFlexion

HeadExtension

SPINAL DEGREES OF MOTION

CLINICALLY ASSESSING RANGE OF MOTION

Physical Therapist Tools• The Patient - Questionnaire, Pain Scale, Gathering Info

• Posture/Observations - Changes in Posture, Strength, Pain &/or Length

• Neurological Screening - Reflexes, Sensation, & Strength

• Measuring ROM - Flexion, Extension, Rotation, Bending (different regions)

• Manual Exam - Checking Joint Motion, Smooth or Tight/Injured/Loose

• c - Feel Skin Temperature, Texture, Pressure Points & Spams• Special Testing - If cause is elsewhere check … Thoracic Outlet

• Thoracic Outlet• Temporomandibular Joint (Jaw) Thoracic Spine• Thoracic Spine• Nerve Tension• Ergonomics

Proper Ergonomics

RANGE OF MOTION PATHOLOGIES

• spondylosis • spondylolysis • spondylolisthesis - reduces extension

•both cause decreased flexion and lateral flexion, have tight HS• spinal stenosis • foraminal stenosis• osteoporosis• abnormal curvatures

•lumbar lordosis•(from weak abdominal wall, tight low back and hip flexors)

•thoracic kyphosis•(from weak upper ES and neck flexors, tight hip flexors)

•scoliosis•erector spinae muscle strain from heavy repetitive lifting

REFERENCES

Desjardyns, Lyndsey. "Functional Anatomy Part7-Intrinsic Back Muscles." N.p., 08 July 2012. Web. 04 June 2015.

Moore, Keith. "Essential Clinical Anatomy." N.p., 5th Edition 2015. Book. 03 June 2015.

Yaprak, Y. (October 25, 2013). “The effects of back extension training on back muscle strength and spinal range of motion in young females.” Biology of Sport, 30, 3, 201-206.

Medlej, Joumana. “Human Anatomy Fundamentals: Flexibility and Joint Limitations.” 06 March 2014. Web. 03 June 2015.

University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC). “Rehabilitation of Cervical Spine.” 17 June 2013. Web. 03 June 2015.

ACTIVITY

• Jeopardy Game• http://www.superteachertools.us/jeopardyx/