verbs in the present tense (los verbos en el tiempo presente) summary and first conjugation: -ar...
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Verbs in the Present Tense(Los verbos en el tiempo presente)Summary and first conjugation: -ar
Modified by M. Sincioco
There are three fundamental parts
of the Spanish verb
The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb
The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do” (something). For example, to speak, to work, to sing, etc.
The Spanish infinitive always ends in r
The Spanish infinitive always ends in r
hablarcomerescribircompraraprendercreer
salirconocercostarcorrerfinalizarfreír
The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb
The ending: The last two letters of the infinitive.
The ending always consists of two letters.
The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb
hablarcomerescribircantaraprenderleer
hablarcomerescribircantaraprenderleer
The ending always consists of two letterssalirconocercostarcorrerfinalizarfreír
salirconocercostarcorrerfinalizarfreír
There are three types or categories of verbs in Spanish:
those that end in ar, those that end in er, and those that end in ir
The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb
The stem or root: Whatever is left after removing the ending from the infinitive.
The stem can consist of a variable number of letters, depending on the length of the verb in question.
The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb
The infinitive – the ending = the stem
salirconocercostarcorrerfinalizarfreír
hablarcomerescribircantaraprenderleer
The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb
The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form of the verb. estudiar
The fundamental parts of the verb
The ending: The last two letters of the infinitive.
The stem: What is left after taking out the ending from the infinitive.
ar
estudi
When we conjugate any verb we always begin with its stem.
To conjugate: To put a verb in its correct person and number so that we know who is doing the action.
Verb Conjugation
Steps for conjugating a verb:
1) Identify the verb type: -ar, -er, or -ir
2) Take off the -ar, -er, or -ir ending, which leaves only the stem
3) Identify the subject (yo, tú, él, ella, etc.)
4) Add the ending that matches the type of verb (-ar, -er, -ir) and the subject (yo, tú, él, ella, etc)
The following verbs are regular -ar verbs and are conjugated according to the pattern in the following slides.
hablar to speakayudar to helpbailar to dancebuscar to look forcaminar to walkcomprar to buy
Verbs of the 1st conjugation (-ar)
conversar to converseenseñar to teachescuchar to listenestudiar to study
llegar to arrivemirar to look atnadar to swimnecesitar to needpreparar to prepareregresar to returntomar to take or
to drinktrabajar to workviajar to travel
a
hablar
ah bloa
ah blasa
ah blaa
habl mosa
ah blana
Verbs of the 1st conjugation (-ar)
All persons and numbers are based on the stem.
Notice which vowel gets the emphasis!
yo
túélellaUd.
nosotros/as
ellasUds.
ellos
trabajar
aatrab joa
atrab jasa
atrab jaa
trabaj mosa
atrab jana
Verbs of the 1st conjugation (-ar)
Its stem?
The emphasis?
buscar
aub scou
ub scasu
ub scau
busc mosa
ub scanu
Verbs of the 1st conjugation (-ar)
Its stem?
The emphasis?
a
estudiar
uest diou
uest diasu
uest diau
estudi mosa
uest dianu
Verbs of the 1st conjugation (-ar)
Its stem?
The emphasis?
Verb usageThe Spanish present indicative tense has several
equivalents in English. As in English, it can express present habitual actions:
Estudiamos español en la universidad.We study Spanish at the university.
But, unlike English, it can also express ongoing actions:
En este momento estudiamos en la biblioteca.Right now we’re studying in the library.
It can even express future actions:
Esta noche estudiamos para el examen.Tonight we will study for the exam.
estudio estudiamosestudiasestudia estudian
La biblioteca es un buen lugar para estudiar.
Verb forms that refer to people that are within the conversation flip to their “opposite” form.
¿Qué estudias?
Estudio matemática
s.
¿Qué estudias tú?
estudio estudiamosestudiasestudia estudian
La biblioteca es un buen lugar para estudiar.
Verb forms that refer to people that are outside the conversation do not change.
¿Qué estudia Juan?
Estudia filosofía.
FIN