VerbsVerbs

Chapter 4Chapter 4

•Join other verbs to make up

the complete verb•helping verbs

•Join other verbs to make up

the complete verb•helping verbs

am is are was

am is are was

werebe being been

werebe being been

havehashad

havehashad

dodoesdid

dodoesdid

Linking Verbs= state of being (forms of be)

Linking Verbs= state of being (forms of be)

Our neighbor is

Our neighbor isfriendly.friendly.

Our neighbor is

Our neighbor isa teacher.a teacher.

A teacher is our neighbor.

A teacher is our neighbor.SCARY!!!SCARY!!!

looklook smellsmell

tastetaste soundsound

feelfeel

ecome

emain

ppear

row

eem

tay

ecome

emain

ppear

row

eem

tay

Practice the Skill 4-3, p. 85Practice the Skill 4-3, p. 85

1. The tools of a weather forecaster are interesting and

diverse.

1. The tools of a weather forecaster are interesting and

diverse.

PA PA

2. A thermometer is important in the measurement of

temperature.

2. A thermometer is important in the measurement of

temperature.

PA PA

3. A falling barometer is a sign of stormy

weather.

3. A falling barometer is a sign of stormy

weather.

PN PN

4. Weather satellites have also grown

increasingly useful to meteorologists.

4. Weather satellites have also grown

increasingly useful to meteorologists.

PAPA

5. These satellites have

become an especially

valuable tool for a worldwide view

of weather conditions.

5. These satellites have

become an especially

valuable tool for a worldwide view

of weather conditions.

PNPN

My friend

gives me ______.

My friend

gives me ______.

transitive verbtransitive verb• has an object that

receives the action of the verb

• has an object that receives

the action of the verb

Dad loves chocolate

chip cookies.

Dad loves chocolate

chip cookies.

This time Mom made

him snickerdoodles.

This time Mom made

him snickerdoodles.

intransitive verbintransitive verb• does not need a complement or object

• does not need a complement or object

Allen was

napping in the

hammock.

The hammock

tipped over.

Allen was

napping in the

hammock.

The hammock

tipped over.

ParticipleParticiplethe third principal part of

the verb; used to form the perfect tenses and

adjectives

the third principal part of the verb; used to form the perfect tenses and

adjectives

PrincipalPrincipal

mainmainpresent past

past participle

present past

past participle

Regular verbs form the second and third

principal parts by adding -ed to the first principal

part.

Regular verbs form the second and third

principal parts by adding -ed to the first principal

part.walk, walked, (have) walked

walk, walked, (have) walked

Regular VerbsRegular Verbs

Regular VerbsRegular Verbs

hanghang hangedhanged hangedhanged

dragdrag draggeddragged draggeddraggeddrowndrown

drowneddrowned drowneddrowned

raiseraise raisedraised raisedraised

sneaksneak sneakedsneaked sneakedsneakedshineshine shinedshined shinedshined

climbclimb climbedclimbed climbedclimbed

Irregular Verbs

Irregular VerbsIrregular verbs form the

past and past participle in some other way than by adding -ed to the first

principal part.

Irregular verbs form the past and past participle in some other way than by adding -ed to the first

principal part.give, gave, (have) givengive, gave, (have) given

Irregular Verbs

Irregular VerbsAll three principal parts are the same.

All three principal parts are the same.

cost, cost, (have) costcost, cost, (have) costhit, hit, (have) hithit, hit, (have) hit

bid, bid, (have) bidbid, bid, (have) bid

Irregular Verbs

Irregular VerbsTwo principal parts are the

same.Two principal parts are the

same.hear, heard, (have) heardhear, heard, (have) heard

hold, held, (have) heldhold, held, (have) heldcreep, crept, (have) creptcreep, crept, (have) crept

Irregular Verbs

Irregular VerbsAll three principal parts of

the verb are different.All three principal parts of

the verb are different.forego, forewent, foregoneforego, forewent, foregone

mistake, mistook, mistaken

mistake, mistook, mistakenforget, forgot, forgottenforget, forgot, forgotten

Practice the Skill 4-7, pp. 91-92

Practice the Skill 4-7, pp. 91-92

1. What are some of the best things you

ever (did, done) outside?

1. What are some of the best things you

ever (did, done) outside?

diddid

2. I love ice skating on a lake that has

(froze, frozen).

2. I love ice skating on a lake that has

(froze, frozen).frozenfrozen

3. Today I just (laid, lay) out in the sun and read a book.

3. Today I just (laid, lay) out in the sun and read a book.

laylay

4. I have also (swam, swum) in the

ocean recently.

4. I have also (swam, swum) in the

ocean recently.swumswum

5. I love hearing birds sing, like the robin

that just (sang, sung) a beautiful song

outside my window.

5. I love hearing birds sing, like the robin

that just (sang, sung) a beautiful song

outside my window.

sangsang

pastpastpresentpresent

futurefuture

Present Tense Present Tense expresses a state that is true now or an action that occurs habitually

expresses a state that is true now or an action that occurs habitually

I do well in math classes.

I do well in math classes.

Past Tense (ed, t, en) Past Tense (ed, t, en)

shows action that occurred in the past

shows action that occurred in the past

Grandma made lunch for me.

Grandma made lunch for me.

Future Tense (will/shall) Future Tense (will/shall)

shows action that will occur later

shows action that will occur later

I shall finish my schooling.

I shall finish my schooling.

Gospels?Past=“In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.” John 1:1Present=the words of Jesus“Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that heareth my word, and believeth on him that sent me, hath everlasting life, and shall not come into condemnation; but is passed from death unto life.” John 5:24

Epistles?

Present=makes the passages personal, timeless, and immediate

Revelation?Past, Present, and Future

Much of it is recorded in past tense in the form of a dream

From God’s perspective, these future events have already occurred.

Perfect Tenses Perfect Tenses Perfect=Complete/CompletedPerfect=Complete/Completed

Form of have + 3rd Principal Part of the verb

Form of have + 3rd Principal Part of the verb

Perfect Tenses Perfect Tenses Present=have/has finished

Past=had finished

Future=will have finished

Present=have/has finished

Past=had finished

Future=will have finished

Progressive Tenses Progressive Tenses Continuous/ongoing action….Continuous/ongoing action….

Form of the be verb + ingForm of the be verb + ing

Tenses: The Flight 93 heroes__________ the hijackers. (attack)

Simple:

Present: attack

Past: attacked

Future: will attack

Perfect:

Present Perfect: have attacked

Past Perfect: had attacked

Future Perfect: will have attacked

Tenses: The Flight 93 heroes__________ the hijackers. (attack)

Progressive:

Present Progressive: are attacking

Past Progressive:were attacking

Future Progressive: will be attacking

Perfect Progressive:

Present Perfect Prog:have been attacking

Past Perfect Prog: had been attacking

Future Perfect Prog:will have been attacking

1. Ella’s friends gave her a party.

1. Ella’s friends gave her a party.2. Ella was given a party by her friends.

2. Ella was given a party by her friends.

andand

Advantages of

Advantages of

•livelier and stronger writing if you mention

•livelier and stronger writing if you mention

1. the doer (S)2. the action (V)3. the receiver (O)

1. the doer (S)2. the action (V)3. the receiver (O)•shorter writing•shorter writing

Active SentencesActive Sentences

Last night’s sermon was preached by

your uncle.

Last night’s sermon was preached by

your uncle.

Advantages ofAdvantages ofActive SentencesActive Sentences

Your uncle preached last night’s sermon.Your uncle preached last night’s sermon.

Passive sentences= form of be + past

partciple form of transitive verb

Passive sentences= form of be + past

partciple form of transitive verb

Advantages ofAdvantages of

You can avoid mentioning the doer

of the action.

You can avoid mentioning the doer

of the action.

Passive SentencesPassive Sentences

The money was kept in the store’s

safe overnight.

The money was kept in the store’s

safe overnight.

Advantages ofAdvantages ofPassive SentencesPassive Sentences

Evidence can be obtained by DNA

testing.

Evidence can be obtained by DNA

testing.

You can save important information for the end

of a sentence.

You can save important information for the end

of a sentence.