Vascular Plants with Vascular Plants with SeedsSeeds

Vascular Plants with SeedsVascular Plants with Seeds

Two main typesTwo main types

1. Gymnosperms 1. Gymnosperms

2. Angiosperms2. Angiosperms

GymnospermsGymnosperms

““naked seed “ plantsnaked seed “ plants seeds inseeds in

cones or scales cones or scales Includes: 5 phylaIncludes: 5 phyla

1. Phylum Coniferophyta1. Phylum Coniferophyta2. Phylum Cycadophyta2. Phylum Cycadophyta4. Phylum Ginkgophyta4. Phylum Ginkgophyta5. Phylum Gnetophyta5. Phylum Gnetophyta

Phylum ConiferophytaPhylum Coniferophyta

1. Common name: 1. Common name: ConifersConifers

2. Examples: 2. Examples: pines, firs, pines, firs, spruces, junipers, spruces, junipers, larches, yewslarches, yews

3. Needle or scale-like 3. Needle or scale-like leavesleaves

4. Most of the 4. Most of the evergreen trees or evergreen trees or shrubsshrubs

Phylum CycadophytaPhylum Cycadophyta

1.1. Common name: CycadsCommon name: Cycads

2.2. Example : Example : CycasCycas

3.3. Palm-like leaves, lives in tropicsPalm-like leaves, lives in tropics

4.4. Evergreen trees and shrubsEvergreen trees and shrubs

Phylum GinkgophytaPhylum Ginkgophyta

1.1. Common name : GinkgoesCommon name : Ginkgoes

2.2. Example: Example: GinkgoGinkgo bilobabiloba

3.3. Only one remaining speciesOnly one remaining species

4.4. Deciduous trees with fan-Deciduous trees with fan-shaped leavesshaped leaves

5.5. Fleshy seedsFleshy seeds

6.6. Used as a memory-Used as a memory-enhancing food supplementenhancing food supplement

Phylum GnetophytaPhylum Gnetophyta1.1. Common name: GnetalesCommon name: Gnetales2.2. Examples : Examples : EphedraEphedra, ,

WelwitschiaWelwitschia3.3. Gymnosperm (“naked Gymnosperm (“naked

seed” shrub or vine with seed” shrub or vine with some angiosperm some angiosperm characteristicscharacteristics

Welwitschia mirabilis

Stimulant used in diet supplement

AngiospermsAngiosperms

1.1. Plants with seeds inside fruitsPlants with seeds inside fruits

2.2. Includes Includes : trees, shrubs, herbs, or vines with : trees, shrubs, herbs, or vines with flowersflowers

3.3. One phylum : Phylum AnthophytaOne phylum : Phylum Anthophyta

rhododendron

sage grape vine

Phylum AnthophytaPhylum Anthophyta

Contains two classes:Contains two classes:

1. Class Monocotyledones1. Class Monocotyledones

2. Class Dicotyledones2. Class Dicotyledones

corn bean

Phylum AnthophytaPhylum Anthophyta

1. Class Monocotyledones (Monocots)1. Class Monocotyledones (Monocots)

A. Examples : palm trees, grasses, A. Examples : palm trees, grasses,

lilies, irises, orchidslilies, irises, orchids

iris

Tiger lily

orchid Pampas grass

palm

Class MonocotyledonesClass Monocotyledones

B. Embryos with one seed leaf (cotyledon)B. Embryos with one seed leaf (cotyledon)

Class MonocotyledonesClass Monocotyledones

C. Parallel leaf veinsC. Parallel leaf veins

Class MonocotyledonesClass Monocotyledones

D. Flower parts in threes or multiples of threeD. Flower parts in threes or multiples of three

Class MonocotyledonesClass Monocotyledones

E. Vascular bundles in stems scattered randomlyE. Vascular bundles in stems scattered randomly

Phylum AnthophytaPhylum Anthophyta2. Class Dicotyledones (Dicots)2. Class Dicotyledones (Dicots)

A. Examples: roses, daisies, A. Examples: roses, daisies, most deciduous most deciduous treestrees

Class DicotyledonesClass Dicotyledones

B. Embryos with two seed leavesB. Embryos with two seed leaves

cotyledons

Bean seedling

Class DicotyledonesClass Dicotyledones

C. Leaf veins in a net-like patternC. Leaf veins in a net-like pattern

(palmate or pinnate)(palmate or pinnate)

Palmate venationPalmate venation Pinnate Pinnate venationvenation

Class DicotyledonesClass Dicotyledones

D. Flower parts in groups of four D. Flower parts in groups of four

or fiveor five

Class DicotyledonesClass Dicotyledones

E. Vascular bundles in stems arranged in a E. Vascular bundles in stems arranged in a

ring ring patternpattern