vascular plants of carlsbad caverns national park - nps.gov · vascular plants of carlsbad caverns...
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Vascular Plants of Carlsbad Caverns National Park
Taxonomy revised August 2012
Spore Plants – Lycophytes, Ferns, and Allies Lycophytes
Selaginellaceae: Spike‐moss family Selaginella arizonica Arizona spike‐moss Selaginella mutica bluntleaf spike‐moss Selaginella pilifera resurrection plant Selaginella wrightii Wright's spike‐moss
Ferns and Fern Allies Aspleniaceae: Spleenwort family
Asplenium resiliens blackstem spleenwort
Equisetaceae: Horsetail family Equisetum laevigatum horsetail, smooth scouring‐rush
Pteridaceae: Brake family Adiantum capillus‐veneris maiden‐hair fern Argyrochosma microphylla small‐leaf false cloak fern Astrolepis cochisensis Cochise cloakfern, Cochise scaly cloakfern Astrolepis integerrima hybrid cloakfern Astrolepis sinuata wavyfrond cloakfern Cheilanthes alabamensis Alabama lipfern Cheilanthes eatonii Eaton’s lipfern Cheilanthes feei Fee’s lipfern, slender lipfern Cheilanthes tomentosa woolly lipfern Cheilanthes villosa scaly lipfern, villous lipfern Pellaea atropurpurea purple cliffbrake Pellaea intermedia creeping cliffbrake
Gymnosperms Cupressaceae: Cypress family
Juniperus deppeana alligator juniper Juniperus monosperma one‐seed juniper Juniperus pinchotii Pinchot juniper, redberry juniper Juniperus scopulorum Rocky Mountain juniper
Ephedraceae: Jointfir family Ephedra aspera boundary ephedra, rough jointfir Ephedra torreyana Torrey Mormon tea Ephedra trifurca longleaf jointfir Ephedra viridis green Mormon tea
Pinaceae: Pine family Pinus edulis pinyon pine, two‐needle pinyon Pinus scopulorum ponderosa pine, western yellow pine Pinus strobiformis border white pine, southwestern white pine Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas fir
Angiosperms Dicotyledonous Plants
Acanthaceae: Acanthus family Dyschoriste schiedeana var. decumbens snakeherb Justicia pilosella hairy tube‐tongue Ruellia parryi Parry’s wild petunia Stenandrium barbatum early shaggytuft, shaggy stenandrium
Amaranthaceae: Amaranth family Acanthochiton wrightii greenstripe Amaranthus albus pigweed amaranth, prostate pigweed, tumble pigweed Amaranthus crassipes spreading amaranth Amaranthus palmeri Palmer's amaranth, carelessweed *Amaranthus retroflexus redroot amaranth, rough pigweed Froelichia arizonica Arizona snakecotton Froelichia floridana cottonweed, field snakecotton Guilleminea densa small matweed Tidestromia lanuginosa woolly tidestromia
Anacardiaceae: Cashew family Rhus glabra smooth sumac Rhus lanceolata prairie sumac Rhus microphylla littleleaf sumac Rhus trilobata fragrant sumac, skunkbush sumac Rhus virens var. choriophylla evergreen sumac, Wooton's sumac Toxicodendron rydbergii poison‐ivy
Apiaceae (Umbelliferae): Carrot family Aletes filifolius Trans‐Pecos Indian‐parsley Ammoselinum popei plains sand‐parsley *Apium graveolens wild celery Cicuta maculata western water‐hemlock Cymopterus lemmonii spring‐parsley Cymopterus longiradiatus Trans‐Pecos spring‐parsley Lomatium sp. biscuit‐root Spermolepis divaricata forked scaleseed, swamp scaleseed Spermolepis inermis sand scaleseed
Apocynaceae: Dogbane family Amsonia longiflora tubular bluestar Apocynum cannabinum Indian hemp
Apocynum medium var. floribundum intermediate dogbane
Asclepiadaceae: Milkweed family Asclepias asperula antelopehorn milkweed Asclepias asperula ssp. asperula spider milkweed Asclepias brachystephana plains milkweed Asclepias engelmanniana narrowleaf milkweed Asclepias glaucescens nodding milkweed Asclepias latifolia broadleaf milkweed Asclepias macrotis longhorn milkweed Asclepias oenotheroides hierba de zizotes, zizotes milkweed Asclepias subverticillata whorled milkweed Asclepias tuberosa butterfly milkweed, orange butterflyweed Asclepias viridiflora green comet, green antelopehorn milkweed Funastrum crispum wavyleaf twinevine Funastrum cynanchoides fringed twinvine Matelea producta milkvine
Asteraceae (Compositae): Sunflower family Achillea millefolium common yarrow, western yarrow Acourtia nana desert‐holly Acourtia wrightii brownfoot, pink perezia Ageratina rothrockii Rothrock’s snakeroot Ageratina wrightii Wright snakeroot Aldama cordifolia heartleaf goldeneye Amauriopsis dissecta ragleaf bahia Amauriopsis pedata blunt‐scale bahia Ambrosia artemisiifolia annual ragweed, common ragweed Ambrosia confertiflora weakleaf bur ragweed Ambrosia monogyra cheesebush, cheeseweed Ambrosia psilostachya perennial ragweed, western ragweed Amphiachyris dracunculoides prairie broomweed Aphanostephus ramosissimus plains dozedaisy, faintcrown Artemisia dracunculus wormwood, tarragon Artemisia ludoviciana Louisiana wormwood, prairie sage Baccharis havardii Havard’s seep‐willow Baccharis pteronioides yerba‐de‐pasmo Baccharis salicina Great Plains falsewillow, willow baccharis Baccharis wrightii Wright’s baccharis Bahia absinthifolia hairyseed bahia Baileya multiradiata desert marigold Berlandiera lyrata chocolate‐flower Bidens bigelovii beggarticks, stickseed Brickellia brachyphylla plumed brickell‐bush Brickellia californica California brickell‐bush Brickellia grandiflora mountain brickell‐bush, tassel‐flower brickellbush Brickellia laciniata cut‐leaf brickell‐bush Brickelliastrum fendleri Fendler’s brickell‐bush
*Centaurea melitensis Malta starthistle, tocalote *Centaurea solstitialis yellow starthistle Chaetopappa ericoides rose heath, sand‐aster Chaetopappa hersheyi Guadalupe leastdaisy, Hershey aster Chrysactinia mexicana damianita Cirsium ochrocentrum yellowspine thistle Cirsium undulatum gray thistle, wavyleaf thistle Conyza canadensis horseweed Diaperia verna var. verna spring cudweed Dieteria canescens spine‐aster Dicranocarpus parvifolius pitchforks Dyssodia papposa prairie dogweed, fetid marigold Engelmannia peristenia Engelmann’s daisy Ericameria laricifolia turpentine bush Ericameria nauseosa rubber rabbitbrush Erigeron divergens spreading fleabane daisy Erigeron modestus plains fleabane daisy Erigeron tracyi Spanish fleabane daisy Flourensia cernua tarbush Gaillardia pinnatifida red‐dome blanket‐flower Gnaphalium palustre lowland cudweed, marsh everlasting Grindelia havardii Havard’s gumweed Grindelia squarrosa curly‐cup gumweed Gutierrezia microcephala threadleaf snakeweed Gutierrezia sarothrae broom snakeweed Gutierrezia sphaerocephala roundleaf snakeweed Gutierrezia texana var. glutinosa sticky snakeweed Gutierrezia wrightii Wright’s snakeweed Gymnosperma glutinosum gumhead, sticky selloa Hedosyne ambrosiifolia ragged marsh‐elder Helenium microcephalum littlehead tarweed, small sneezeweed Helianthus annuus annual sunflower Helianthus nuttallii Nuttall’s sunflower Helianthus petiolaris plains sunflower, prairie sunflower Heliomeris longifolia longleaf false goldeneye Heliomeris longifolia var. longifolia longleaf false goldeneye Heliomeris multiflora var. multiflora showy goldeneye Heterotheca fulcrata camphorweed Heterotheca fulcrata var. fulcrata camphorweed Heterotheca villosa golden‐aster Heterotheca viscida golden‐aster Hieracium fendleri yellow hawkweed Hymenoxys brandegeei rubberweed, Brandegee’s four‐nerve daisy Isocoma pluriflora Jimmyweed Isocoma rusbyi Rusby’s goldenbush Lactuca graminifolia grass‐leaf lettuce, lettuce grass Lactuca ludoviciana Louisiana lettuce, wild lettuce *Lactuca serriola prickly lettuce
Laennecia coulteri Coulter’s horseweed, woolwort Leuciva dealbata woolly marsh‐elder Liatris punctata dotted blazing star, dotted gayfeather Lorandersonia spathulata Guadalupe rabbitbrush Lygodesmia grandiflora largeflower skeleton‐plant, rush‐pink Lygodesmia texana Texas skeleton‐plant Machaeranthera tanacetifolia Tahoka‐daisy Melampodium leucanthum plains blackfoot‐daisy *Onopordum acathium Scotch‐thistle Packera hartiana Hart’s ragwort Packera neomexicana var. neomexicana New Mexico groundsel Packera ovobata roundleaf ragwort Parthenium confertum var. lyratum Gray’s feverfew Parthenium incanum mariola Pectis angustifolia lemonweed Pectis longipes fetid marigold, longstalk cinchweed Pectis papposa limoncillo, many‐bristle cinchweed Perityle quinqueflora five‐flowered rock‐daisy Pinaropappus parvus small rock‐lettuce Pinaropappus roseus white rock‐lettuce Plectocephalus americana American basketflower Porophyllum scoparium shrubby poreleaf, TransPecos poreleaf Pseudognaphalium canescens rabbit‐tobacco, Wright’s cudweed Pseudognaphalium macounii Macoun’s cudweed Psilostrophe tagetina woolly paper‐flower Pyrrhopappus pauciflorus false‐dandelion Rafinesquia neomexicana desert chickory, New Mexico plumseed Ratibida columnifera prairie coneflower, Mexican‐hat Sanvitalia abertii Abert's dome Sartwellia flaveriae sartwellia, threadleaf glowwort Senecio flaccidus Douglas senecio, threadleaf groundsel Senecio flaccidus var. flaccidus threadleaf groundsel Sidneya tenuifolia skeleton‐leaf goldeneye Solidago altissima ssp. gilvocanescens Canadian goldenrod Solidago lepida goldenrod Solidago simplex goldenrod Solidago wrightii var. wrightii Wright’s goldenrod *Sonchus asper perennial sow‐thistle *Sonchus oleraceus annual sow‐thistle Stephanomeria pauciflora wire‐lettuce Stephanomeria tenuifolia narrowleaf wire‐lettuce Symphyotrichum ericoides white heath aster Symphyotrichum ericoides var. ericoides white heath aster Symphyotrichum falcatum var. commutatum white prairie aster Symphyotrichum laeve smooth blue aster Symphyotrichum leave var. geyeri Geyer’s aster Symphyotrichum subulatum eastern annual saltmarsh aster *Taraxacum officinale common dandelion
Tetraneuris acaulis common rubberweed Tetraneuris linearifolia fineleaf four‐nerve daisy Tetraneuris linearifolia var. linearifolia fineleaf four‐nerve daisy Tetraneuris scaposa bitterweed, stemmy four‐nerve daisy Thelesperma longipes long‐stalk greenthread, rayless greenthread Thelesperma megapotamicum Colorado greenthread, Hopi tea greenthread Thymophylla acerosa pickleleaf dogweed Thymophylla pentachaeta common dogweed, five‐needle pricklyleaf Thymophylla setifolia fetid dogweed Townsendia exscapa stemless Townsend daisy *Tragopogon dubius goat’s beard, wild oysterplant, yellow salsify *Tragopogon porrifolius purple salsify Trixis californica threefold Verbesina encelioides golden crownbeard Verbesina encelioides ssp. exauriculata cowpen daisy Verbesina nana crownbeard, dwarf crownbeard Verbesina oreophila mountain crownbeard Viguiera dentata sunflower goldeneye, toothleaf goldeneye Xanthisma blephariphyllum sleep‐daisy Xanthisma spinulosum cutleaf goldenweed, spiny sleep‐daisy Xanthisma spinulosum var. spinulosum spiny sleep‐daisy Xanthium strumarium common cocklebur Zinnia acerosa desert zinnia Zinnia grandiflora plains zinnia
Berberidaceae: Barberry family Berberis haematocarpa red barberry, red mahonia Berberis repens creeping barberry, Oregon‐grape Berberis trifoliolata agarito, algerita
Betulaceae: Birch family Ostrya knowltonii Knowlton hop‐hornbeam
Bignoniaceae: Catalpa family Chilopsis linearis desert‐willow
Boraginaceae: Borage family Cryptantha albida New Mexico cat's‐eye Cryptantha crassisepala deertongue Cryptantha mexicana Mexican cat's‐eye Cryptantha minima little cat's‐eye Cryptantha oblata rough cat's‐eye Cryptantha palmeri Palmer’s cat's‐eye Cryptantha paysonii Payson's cat's‐eye Hackelia besseyi Bessey's stickseed Lappula occidentalis var. occidentalis desert stickseed, flat‐spine sheepbur *Lappula squarrosa bristly sheepbur, European stickseed Lithospermum cobrense smooth puccoon, smooththroat gromwell
Lithospermum incisum fringed puccoon, narrowleaf gromwell Lithospermum multiflorum puccoon Lithospermum parksii Parks' gromwell Lithospermum viride green gromwell Tiquilia canescens rat‐ear coldenia, woody crinklemat Tiquilia greggii Gregg coldenia, plumed crinklemat Tiquilia hispidissima hairy coldenia, hairy crinklemat
Brassicaceae (Crussiferae): Mustard family Descurainia incana ssp. incisa mountain tansy‐mustard Descurainia pinnata western tansymustard Descurainia pinnata ssp. glabra western tansymustard *Descurainia sophia flixweed Dimorphocarpa wislizeni Wislizenus spectacle‐pod Draba cuneifolia wedgeleaf whitlow‐grass Erysimum capitatum western wallflower Erysimum inconspicuum shy wallflower Halimolobos diffusa spreading fissurewort Hesperidanthus linearifolia slimleaf plains‐mustard Lepidium alyssoides southern pepperweed, wavyleaf peppergrass Lepidium lasiocarpum hairypod pepperweed, shaggyfruit pepperweed Lepidium lasiocarpum var. wrightii Wright’s pepperweed Lepidium montanum mountain pepperweed Lepidium oblongum veiny pepperweed Lepidium virginicum poorman pepperweed *Nasturtium officinale water‐cress Nerisyrenia camporum bicolor fanmustard Nerisyrenia linearifolia White Sands fanmustard Physaria fendleri Fendler bladderpod Physaria gordonii Gordon bladderpod Physaria purpurea purple bladderpod, rose bladderpod Physaria valida pale bladderpod *Sisymbrium altissimum tall tumblemustard, hedge‐mustard *Sisymbrium irio London rocket Streptanthus carinatus lyreleaf jewelflower Streptanthus cordatus heartleaf jewelflower, heartleaf twistflower Streptanthus playtcarpus sparseflower jewelflower Thelypodiopsis vaseyi Las Vegas tumble‐mustard Thelypodium wrightii Wright’s thelypody *Thlaspi arvense fanweed, field penny‐cress
Cactaceae: Cactus family Coryphantha macromeris nipple beehive‐cactus Coryphantha robustispina long‐tubercled beehive‐cactus Coryphantha sneedii (var. leei) Lee pincushion Coryphantha sneedii (var. sneedii) Sneed pincushion Coryphantha tuberculosa white‐column foxtail cactus, corncob cactus Coryphantha vivipara pink pincushion cactus
Cylindropuntia davisii thistle cholla Cylindropuntia imbricata cane cholla, walkingstick cholla Cylindropuntia kleiniae candle cholla, Klein pencil cholla Cylindropuntia leptocaulis Christmas cholla, tasajillo Echinocactus horizonthalonius devilshead cactus, turkshead cactus, eagle‐claw cactus Echinocactus texensis horse‐crippler Echinocereus dasyacanthus rainbow cactus Echinocereus X roetteri Lloyd's hedgehog Echinocereus triglochidiatus claretcup cactus Echinocereus viridiflorus brownspine hedge‐hog cactus, green pitaya Epithelantha micromeris ball‐cactus, button cactus Glandulicactus uncinatus var. wrightii fish‐hook cactus Mammillaria heyderi Heyder pincushion cactus, little nipple‐cactus Mammillaria lasiacantha lacespine nipple‐cactus, small pincushion cactus Opuntia engelmannii var. lindheimeri Texas prickly pear *Opuntia ficus‐indica Indian fig, tuna cactus Opuntia macrocentra longspine prickly pear Opuntia macrorhiza grassland prickly pear, twistspine prickly pear Opuntia phaeacantha brownspine pricklypear, tulip pricklypear
Campanulaceae: Bellflower family Campanula rotundifolia bellflower, roundleaf harebell Lobelia cardinalis cardinal‐flower Cannabaceae: Hemp family Celtis reticulata netleaf hackberry
Caprifoliaceae: Honeysuckle family Lonicera albiflora western white honeysuckle Lonicera arizonica Arizona honeysuckle Symphoricarpos longiflorus desert snowberry, longleaf snowberry Symphoricarpos rotundifolius coralberry, roundleaf snowberry
Caryophyllaceae: Pink family *Cerastium glomeratum common chickweed Paronychia depressa spreading nailwort Paronychia jamesii James nailwort Pseudostellaria jamesiana sticky starwort, tuber starwort Silene antirrhina sleep catchfly, sleepy campion Silene laciniata cardinal catchfly, Mexican campion Spergulastrum lanuginosa spreading sandwort Stellaria cuspidata Mexican starwort Celastraceae: Bittersweet family Mortonia scabrella sandpaper‐bush, rough mortonia
Chenopodiaceae: Goosefoot family Atriplex canescens four‐wing saltbush
Chenopodium berlandieri netseed lamb's quarters Chenopodium berlandieri var. berlandieri pit‐seed goosefoot Chenopodium desiccatum arid goosefoot, thickleaf goosefoot Chenopodium desiccatum var. leptophylloides desert goosefoot Chenopodium incanum mealy goosefoot *Kochia scoparia kochia Krascheninnikovia lanata winterfat Monolepis nuttalliana Nuttall's povertyweed *Salsola tragus Russian‐thistle, tumbleweed Cleomaceae: Beeplant family Polanisia dodecandra clammyweed, hierba del coyote Polanisia dodecandra ssp. trachysperma red‐whisker clammyweed
Convolvulaceae: Morning glory family *Convolvulus arvensis European bindweed, field bindweed Convolvulus equitans gray bindweed Cuscuta indecora largeseed dodder, pretty dodder Dichondra brachypoda New Mexico pony's foot Evolvulus nuttallianus Nuttall's evolvulus Ipomoea costellata crestrib morning glory Ipomoea cristulata scarlet creeper Ipomoea cardiophylla heartleaf morning‐glory Ipomoea lindheimeri blue morning‐glory, Lindheimer's morning ‐lory Ipomoea pubescens silky morning‐glory *Ipomoea purpurea common morning‐ glory
Crassulaceae: Stonecrop family Sedum wrightii Wright's stonecrop
Crossosomataceae: Rockflower family Glossopetalon spinescens spiny greasebush
Cucurbitaceae: Gourd family Cucurbita foetidissima coyote melon, buffalo gourd Ibervillea tenuisecta deer‐apples, slimlobe globeberry
Elaeagnaceae: Oleaster family *Elaeagnus angustifolia Russian olive
Ericaceae: Heath family Arbutus arizonica Arizona madrone Arbutus texana Texas madrone Pterospora andromeda giant pinedrops, woodland pinedrops
Euphorbiaceae: Spurge family Acalypha neomexicana New Mexico copperleaf Acalypha phleoides shrubby copperleaf
Bernardia obovata desert myrtlecroton Chamaesyce acuta pointed spurge Chamaesyce albomarginata whitemargin spurge Chamaesyce fendleri Fendler’s sandmat, Fendler spurge Chamaesyce glyptosperma ribseed sandmat, ridgeseed spurge Chamaesyce lata hoary sandmat, hoary spurge Chamaesyce prostrata prostrate sandmat, prostrate spurge Chamaesyce revoluta threadstem sandmat, threadstem spurge Chamaesyce serpyllifolia thyme‐leaf sandmat, winded spurge Chamaesyce serrula sawtooth sandmat Chamaesyce stictospora slimseed sandmat, slimseed spurge Croton dioicus grassland croton Chamaesyce fendleri var. chaetocalyx bristle calyx spurge, bristlecup sandmat Croton fruticulosus bush croton, shrubby croton Croton lindheimerianus three‐seed croton Croton pottsii leatherweed Ditaxis neomexicana New Mexico silverbush Euphorbia brachycera horned spurge Euphorbia cyathophora fire‐on‐the‐mountain, painted spurge Euphorbia davidii toothed spurge Euphorbia eriantha beetle spurge, Mexican poinsettia Euphorbia exstipulata squareseed spurge Euphorbia heterophylla Mexican fireplant, painted euphorbia Euphorbia spathulata roughpod spurge, spatulaleaf spurge, warty spurge Phyllanthus polygonoides knotweed leaf‐flower Stillingia texana Texas queen's delight, Texas tooth‐leaf Tragia nepetifolia catnip noseburn Tragia ramosa branched tragia
Fabaceae (Leguminosae): Pea family Acaciella angustissima prairie acacia, whiteball acacia Astragalus emoryanus red‐stemmed peavine Astragalus missouriensis Missouri milkvetch Astragalus mollisimus wooly locoweed Astragalus nuttallianus turkey peas, smallflowered milkvetch Astragalus pictiformis Guadalupe milkvetch Astragalus puniceus pink locoweed Calliandra eriophylla fairy duster Cercis canadensis redbud Cologania angustifolia longleaf cologania Cologania pallida pale cologania Dalea aurea golden prairie‐clover Dalea bicolor var. argyraea silver prairie‐clover Dalea candida var. oligophylla prairie‐clover Dalea formosa feather dalea Dalea frutescens black prairie‐clover Dalea jamesii James dalea Dalea lachnostachya blue dalea, gland‐leaf prairie‐clover
Dalea lanata woolly prairie‐clover Dalea nana dwarf prairie‐clover Dalea neomexicana New Mexico prairie‐clover, soft dalea Dalea pogonathera bearded dalea Dalea versicolor oakwoods prairie‐clover Dalea wrightii Wright's prairie‐clover Dermatophyllum secundiflorum mescal bean Desmanthus glandulosus glandular bundle‐flower Desmanthus illinoensis prairie bundle‐flower Desmanthus obtusus bluntpod bundle‐flower Desmanthus velutinus velvet bundle‐flower, sticky bundle‐flower Desmodium psilophyllum simpleleaf tick‐trefoil Hoffmanseggia drepanocarpa sicklepod rushpea Hoffmanseggia glauca hog‐potato Leucaena retusa golden leadtree *Medicago lupulina medick *Melilotus albus white sweet‐clover *Melilotus officinalis yellow sweet‐clover Mimosa aculeaticarpa var. biuncifera catclaw mimosa Mimosa borealis fragrant mimosa, pink mimosa Pomaria jamesii hog‐potato Prosopis glandulosa honey mesquite Phaseolus angustissimus narrowleaf bean, slimleaf bean Rhynchosia senna Texas snout‐bean Rhynchosia senna var. texana rosary bean Robinia neomexicana New Mexico locust Senegalia greggii catclaw acacia Senegalia roemeriana Roemer's acacia Senna bauhinioides twinleaf senna Senna lindheimeriana showy senna, velvet leaf senna Senna roemeriana Roemer senna, twoleaf senna Vicia americana American vetch Vicia ludoviciana ssp. leavenworthii Leavenworth’s vetch Vicia ludoviciana ssp. ludoviciana Louisiana vetch, slim vetch Vachellia constricta whitethorn acacia Vachellia vernicosa viscid acacia
Fagaceae: Beech family Quercus arizonica Arizona white oak Quercus gambelii Gambel's oak Quercus grisea gray oak Quercus mohriana Mohr oak Quercus muhlenbergii chinkapin oak Quercus oblongifolia Mexican blue oak Quercus pungens pungent oak, sandpaper oak Quercus X undulata wavyleaf oak
Fouquieriaceae: Ocotillo family Fouquieria splendens ocotillo
Fumariaceae: Fumitory family Corydalis aurea golden‐smoke Corydalis aurea ssp. occidentalis curvepod corydalis Garryaceae: Silktassel family Garrya ovata eggleaf silktassel Garrya wrightii Wright's silktassel Gentianaceae: Gentian family Zeltnera calycosa centaury Geraniaceae: Geranium family *Erodium cicutarium cutleaf filaree, red‐stem stork’s bill Erodium texanum Texas stork’s bill, tufted filaree Geranium caespitosum purple cluster geranium, tufted geranium Heliotropaceae: Heliotrope family Heliotropium greggii fragrant heliotrope Hydrangeaceae: Hydrangea family Fendlera rupicola cliff fendlerbush Fendlerella utahensis Utah fendlerbush Philadelphus mearnsii Mearns mock‐orange Philadelphus microphyllus ssp. argenteus silver mock‐orange Hydrophyllaceae: Waterleaf family Nama carnosum gyp nama, sand fiddleleaf Nama dichotomum wishbone fiddleleaf Nama hispidum bristly nama, purple mat Nama xylopodum yellowseed fiddleleaf Phacelia caerulea skyblue scorpion‐weed Phacelia congesta blue curls, spike phacelia Phacelia crenulata caterpillarweed, notchleaf scorpion‐weed Phacelia integrifolia gypsum phacelia, leafy scorpion‐weed Phacelia popei Pope's scorpion‐weed Phacelia rupestris rock scorpion‐weed Juglandaceae: Walnut family Juglans microcarpa little walnut Koeberliniaceae: Crucifixion‐thorn family Koeberlinia spinosa var. wivaggii allthorn, crucifixion‐thorn Krameriaceae: Krameria family Krameria bicolor white ratany
Krameria erecta littleleaf ratany, range ratany Krameria lanceolata spreading ratany, trailing krameria Lamiaceae (Labiatae): Mint family Agastache pallidiflora pale giant‐hyssop Hedeoma costata var. pulchella ribbed false‐pennyroyal Hedeoma drummondii Drummond's false‐pennyroyal Hedeoma nana low false‐pennyroyal Hedeoma plicata blue‐mock pennyroyal *Lamium amplexicaule common henbit *Marrubium vulgare white horehound *Mentha spicata bush mint, spearmint Monarda fistulosa var. methifolia wild bergamot Monarda pectinata spotted beebalm Poliomintha incana hoary Rosemary‐mint Salvia azurea blue sage Salvia farinacea mealy sage Salvia henryi crimson sage Salvia lemmonii red sage Salvia lycioides canyon sage Salvia pinguifolia rock sage Salvia reflexa lanceleaf sage, sage mint Salvia summa great sage Salvia texana Texas sage Scutellaria drummondii Drummond's skullcap Teucrium canadense American germander, hairy germande Teucrium cubense small coastal germander Teucrium laciniatum lacy germander Linaceae: Flax family Linum aristatum bristle flax Linum australe southern flax Linum lewisii blue flax, Lewis blue flax Linum pratense meadow flax Linum puberulum desert flax, plains flax Linum rigidum largeflower yellow flax, orange flax, stiffstem flax Linum rupestre rock flax Linum schiedeanum Schied's flax Linum vernale Chihuahuan flax Loasaceae: Stickleaf family Cevallia sinuata stinging‐cevallia, stinging serpent Mentzelia albicaulis white blazingstar, whitestem stickleaf Mentzelia asperula mountain stickleaf, Organ Mountain blazingstar Mentzelia humilis gypsum blazingstar Mentzelia multiflora Adonis blazingstar, manyflowered mentzelia Mentzelia oligosperma chickenthief Mentzelia strictissima grassland blazingstar
Lythraceae: Loosestrife family Lythrum californicum California loosestrife Malvaceae: Mallow family Abutilon incanum shrubby Indian‐mallow Abutilon malacum yellow Indian‐mallow Abutilon parvulum dwarf Indian‐mallow Abutilon wrightii Wright’s Indian‐mallow Allowissadula holosericea Chisos Mountain false Indianmallow Hibiscus denudatus desert hibiscus, rose‐mallow *Sida abutifolia procumbent sida, spreading fanpetals Sphaeralcea angustifolia copper globemallow, narrowleaf desertmallow Sphaeralcea coccinea scarlet globemallow Sphaeralcea digitata juniper globemallow, slippery globemallow Sphaeralcea fendleri Fendler's globemallow, thicket globemallow Sphaeralcea hastulata spear globemallow, spreading globemallow Sphaeralcea incana gray globemallow, soft globemallow Sphaeralcea leptophylla scaly globemallow Moraceae: Mulberry family *Morus alba mulberry Morus microphylla Texas mulberry Nyctaginaceae: Four o’clock family Abronia angustifolia narrowleaf sand‐verbena, purple sand‐verbena Abronia fragrans Carlton's sand‐verbena Acleisanthes chenopodioides goosefoot monopod Acleisanthes lanceolata gypsum moonpod Acleisanthes longiflora angel's trumpets Allionia incarnata trailing allionia, trailing windmills Boerhavia linearifolia narrowleaf spiderling Boerhavia triquetra var. intermedia five‐wing spiderling Cyphomeris gypsophiloides red cyphomeris, delicate darling Mirabilis albida mountain four‐o’clock, white four‐o’clock Mirabilis linearis linearleaf four‐o’clock, narrowleaf four‐o’clock Mirabilis multiflora Colorado four‐o’clock, manyflowered four‐o’clock Mirabilis oxybaphoides smooth spreading four‐o’clock Oleaceae: Olive family Forestiera pubescens desert‐olive, downy forestiera *Fraxinus pennsylvanica green ash Fraxinus velutina velvet ash, Arizona ash Menodora longiflora showy mendora Menodora scabra rough menodora Onagraceae: Evening primrose family Ludwigia palustris marsh primrose‐willow
Oenothera albicaulis white‐stem evening‐primrose Oenothera brachycarpa shortfruit evening‐primrose Oenothera curtiflora velvet‐weed Oenothera elata ssp. hirsutissima Hooker’s evening‐primrose Oenothera hartwegii ssp. fendleri Fendler calylophus Oenothera hartwegii ssp. pubescens hairy calylophus Oenothera lavandulifolia lavender sundrops Oenothera pallida pale evening‐primrose Oenothera primiveris desert evening‐primrose Oenothera serrulata yellow sundrops Oenothera suffretescens bee‐blossom, scarlet gaura Oenothera triloba stemless evening‐primrose Oenothera tubicula Texas sundrops Orobanchaceae: Broomrape family Castilleja austromontana Rincon Mountain paintbrush Castilleja integra wholeleaf paintbrush Castilleja sessiliflora downy paintedcup, Great Plains paintbrush Conopholis alpina var. mexicana Mexican Indian‐root Orobanche ludoviciana Louisiana broom‐rape Oxalidaceae: Woodsorrel family Oxalis corniculata creeping oxalis, creeping wood‐sorrel Oxalis latifolia bigleaf wood‐sorrel, broadleaf wood‐sorrel Papaveraceae: Poppy family Argemone polyanthemos white prickly‐poppy Argemone squarrosa hedgehog prickly‐poppy Argemone squarrosa ssp. glabrata hedgehog prickly‐poppy Pedeliaceae: Sesame family Proboscidea sp. devil's claw Phytolaccaceae: Pokeweed family Rivina humilis bloodberry rogueplant, humble‐weed Plantaginaceae: Plantain family Maurandya antirrhiniflora viney snapdragon Penstemon barbatus beardlip beardtongue, beardlip penstemon Penstemon cardinalis cardinal beardtongue Penstemon cardinalis ssp. regalis cardinal beardtongue Penstemon dasyphyllus Cochise beardtongue, purple penstemon Penstemon fendleri Fendler's beardtongue, Fendler’s penstemon Penstemon jamesii James' beardtongue, James penstemon Plantago patagonica woolly plantain Penstemon superbus superb beardtongue Penstemon whippleanus dark beardtongue, Whipple’s beardtongue Plantago helleri Heller's plantain
*Plantago lanceolata English plantain, lanceleaf plantain *Plantago major broadleaf plantain, common plantain Plantago rhodosperma redseed plantain Plantago wrightiana Wright's plantain Polemoniaceae: Phlox family Giliastrum acerosum bluebowls Giliastrum incisum cutleaf gilia, splitleaf gilia Giliastrum rigiduum stiff gilla Ipomopsis aggregata scarlet gilia, skyrocket Ipomopsis longiflora flax‐flowered gilia, white‐flower skyrocket Phlox longifolia longleaved phlox Phlox mesoleuca threadleaf phlox, white‐eyed phlox Phlox multiflora phlox Phlox nana Santa Fe phlox Phlox triovulata three‐seed phlox Polygalaceae: Milkwort family Polygala alba white milkwort Polygala barbeyana blue milkwort Polygala macradenia glandleaf milkwort, purple milkwort Polygala obscura small milkwort, velvetseed milkwort Polygala rimulicola rock crevice milkwort Polygala scoparioides broom milkwort Polygonaceae: Buckwheat family Eriogonum abertianum Abert's wild‐buckwheat Eriogonum alatum winged wild‐buckwheat Eriogonum havardii Havard's wild‐buckwheat Eriogonum hieraciifolium hawkweed wild‐buckwheat Eriogonum jamesii James wild‐buckwheat Eriogonum lachnogynum sand wild‐buckwheat, woollycup buckwheat Eriogonum longifolium longleaf wild‐buckwheat *Rumex crispus curly dock, narrowleaf dock, sour dock Rumex hymenosepalus cañaigre, sand dock Portulaceae: Purslane family Phemeranthus brevicaulis showy fameflower Phemeranthus parviflorus prairie fameflower *Portulaca oleracea common purslane, duckweed, wild portulaca Portulaca pilosa kiss‐me‐quick Portulaca suffrutescens shrubby purslane Talinopsis frutescens arroyo fameflower Talinum aurantiacum orange fameflower Primulaceae: Primrose family Androsace occidentalis western rock‐jasmine
Ranunculaceae: Crowfoot family Anemone tuberosa tuber anemone Aquilegia chaplinei Chaplin’s golden columbine Aquilegia chrysantha golden columbine Aquilegia desertorum barrel columbine, Chiricahua Mountain columbine Clematis drummondii old man’s beard, Texas virgin's‐bower Clematis pitcheri bluebill, leatherflower clematis Clematis pitcheri var. pitcheri pitcher virgin’s‐bower Delphinium wootonii Wooton's larkspur Thalictrum fendleri Fendler meadow‐rue Rhamnaceae: Buckthorn family Ceanothus pauciflorus desert ceanothus Condalia ericoides javelina‐bush Condalia warnockii Warnock condalia, crucillo Rhamnus betulifolia beechleaf buckthorn, birchleaf buckthorn Rhamnus serrata sawleaf buckthorn Rhamnus smithii Smith buckthorn Rhamnus tomentella California buckthorn Ziziphus obtusifolia var. obtusifolia graythorn, lotebush Rosaceae: Rose family Amelanchier alnifolia dwarf serviceberry Cercocarpus breviflorus var. breviflorus hairy mountain mahogany Cercocarpus montanus birchleaf mountain mahogany Fallugia paradoxa Apache‐plume Holodiscus dumosus bush oceanspray, rock spirea *Malus pumila paradise apple Petrophyton caespitosum tufted rockmat *Prunus armeniaca apricot *Prunus cerasus plum, sour cherry Prunus serotina var. virens black cherry Prunus virginiana common chokecherry, Virginia chokecherry *Pyrus communis pear Rosa stellata desert rose, star rose Rosa woodsii Woods’s rose Rubiaceae: Madder family Galium mexicanum Mexican bedstraw Galium microphyllum littleleaf bedstraw Galium proliferum limestone bedstraw Galium wrightii slenderbranch bedstraw Hedyotis nigricans diamondflowers, prairie bluet Houstonia acerosa needleleaf bluet Rutaceae: Citrus family Choisya dumosa Mexican‐orange Ptelea trifoliata common hoptree
Thamnosma texana desert rue Salicaceae: Willow family Populus angustifolia narrow‐leaf cottonwood Populus deltoides plains cottonwood Populus deltoides ssp. wislizeni Rio Grande cottonwood *Populus nigra Lombardy poplar Salix amygdaloides peachleaf willow *Salix babylonica weeping willow Salix gooddingii Goodding's willow Santalaceae: Sandalwood and Mistletoe family Arceuthobium vaginatum pine dwarf‐mistletoe Phoradendron coryae Cory’s mistletoe Phoradendron juniperinum juniper mistletoe Sapindaceae: Soapberry family Acer glabrum Rocky Mountain maple Acer grandidentatum bigtooth maple, canyon maple Sapindus drummondii western soapberry Ungnadia speciosa Mexican‐buckeye Saxifragaceae: Saxifrage family Heuchera rubescens pink alumroot Scrophulariaceae: Figwort family Leucophyllum minus Texas sage, Big Bend barometerbush *Verbascum thapsus woolly mullein Simaroubaceae: Quassia family *Ailanthus altissima tree‐of‐heaven Solanaceae: Potato family *Calibrachoa parviflora seaside petunia Chamaesaracha coniodes gray false nightshade, gray five‐eyes Chamaesaracha coronopus greenleaf five‐eyes, green false nightshade Chamaesaracha edwardsiana Edwards Plateau five‐eyes Chamaesaracha pallida pale five‐eyes Chamaesaracha sordida hairy five‐eyes Datura inoxia desert thornapple, sacred datura Datura quercifolia oakleaf thornapple Lycium berlandieri silver desertthorn, wolfberry *Nicotiana glauca tree tobacco Nicotiana obtusifolia desert tobacco Physalis angulata cutleaf gound‐cherry Physalis hederifolia ivyleaf ground‐cherry Quincula lobata Chinese lanterns Solanum elaeagnifolium silverleaf nightshade
Solanum rostratum buffalo‐bur Sterculiaceae: Chocolate family Ayenia microphylla dense ayenia, shrubby ayenia Tamaricaceae: Tamarisk family *Tamarix sp. tamarisk, salt cedar Ulmaceae: Elm family *Ulmus pumila Siberian elm Urticaceae: Nettle family Parietaria hespera pellitory Parietaria pensylvanica Pennsylvania pellitory Verbenaceae: Vervain family Aloysia wrightii beebush, oreganillo Glandularia bipinnatifida Dakota mock vervain Glandularia pumila pink mock vervain, pink verbena Phyla lanceolata lanceleaf frog fruit, wedgeleaf *Phyla nodiflora sawtooth frogfruit, turkey tangle frogfruit Tetraclea coulteri Coulter's wrinkle‐fruit Verbena bracteata bigbract verbena, bracted vervain Verbena hastata blue verbena, swamp verbena Verbena macdougalii MacDougal verbena Verbena neomexicana hillside vervain, New Mexico verbena Verbena perennis perennial verbena, pineleaf vervain Violaceae: Violet family Hybanthus verticillatus whorled nodding violet, baby‐slippers Vitaceae: Grape family Cissus trifoliata peppervine Parthenocissus inserta Virginia creeper, woodbine Vitis arizonica canyon grape Zygophyllaceae: Caltrop family Kallstroemia californica California caltrop Kallstroemia parviflora smallflowered carpetweed, warty caltrop Larrea tridentata creosote‐bush *Peganum harmala African‐rue *Tribulus terrestris goathead, puncture‐vine
Angiosperms Monocotyledonous Plants
Agavaceae: Agave family Agave gracilipes slim‐footed agave, slimfoot century plant
Agave lechuguilla lechuguilla Agave parryi var. neomexicana New Mexico agave, Parry’s agave Yucca baccata banana yucca, datil yucca Yucca elata soaptree yucca Yucca treculiana Torrey yucca Alliaceae: Onion family Allium cernuum nodding onion Allium drummondii Drummond's onion Allium geyeri Geyer onion Allium kunthii Kunth's onion Allium macropetalum showy onion Allium rhizomatum gland onion Nothoscordum bivalve crow‐poison Amaryllidaceae: Amaryllis family Zephyranthes chlorosolen evening rainlily Zephyranthes longifolia zephyr‐lily, rainlily Anthericaceae: St. Bernard's‐lily family Echeandia flavescens crag‐lily Asparagaceae: Asparagus family *Asparagus officinalis garden asparagus Commelinaceae: Spiderwort family Commelina dianthifolia birdbill dayflower Commelina erecta erect dayflower Commelina erecta var. angustifolia whitemouth dayflower Tradescantia wrightii Wright's spiderwort Cyperaceae: Sedge family Carex geophila White Mountain sedge Carex hystericina porcupine sedge, bottlebrush sedge Carex microdonta littletooth sedge Carex muriculata carie sedge, Schiede’s sedge Carex planostachys cedar sedge Cladium californicum sawgrass Cyperus fendlerianus Fendler flat‐sedge Eleocharis montevidensis sand spike‐rush Eleocharis palustris common spike‐rush, creeping spike‐rush Fuirena simplex western umbrella‐sedge Schoenoplectus sp. bulrush Iridaceae: Iris family Sisyrinchium demissum dwarf blue‐eyed‐grass Sisyrinchium idahoense Idaho blue‐eyed‐grass Sisyrinchium montanum mountain blue‐eyed‐grass
Juncaceae: Rush family Juncus dudleyi Dudley’s rush Juncus tenuis bogrush, slender rush, wiregrass Juncus torreyi Torrey bogrush Melanthiaceae: Death‐camas family Schoenocaulon texanum Texas feather‐shank Nolinaceae: Beargrass family Dasylirion leiophyllum green sotol, smooth sotol Nolina micrantha chaparral beargrass, limestone sacahuiste Nolina microcarpa smallseed sacahuista Nolina texana basketgrass, Texas sacahuista Orchidaceae: Orchid family Epipactis gigantea giant hellebore, stream orchid Hexalectris nitida shining crested‐coral‐root Poaceae (Gramineae): Grass family Achnatherum eminens southwestern needlegrass Achnatherum lettermanii Letterman’s needlegrass Achatherum lobatum littleawn needlegrass Andropogon gerardii big bluestem Andropogon glomeratus bushy bluestem Aristida adscensionis six‐weeks threeawn Aristida arizonica Arizona threeawn Aristida havardii Harvard threeawn Aristida pansa Wooton threeawn Aristida purpurea purple threeawn Aristida purpurea var. nealleyi blue threeawn Aristida purpurea var. perplexa Jornada threeawn Aristida purpurea var. purpurea purple threeawn Aristida purpurea var. wrightii Wright’s threeawn *Avena fatua wild oats Blepharoneuron tricholepis pine dropseed Bothriochloa barbinodis cane bluestem *Bothriochloa ischaemum var. songarica King Ranch bluestem Bothriochloa laguroides silver bluestem Bothriochloa springfieldii Springfield’s beardgrass Bouteloua aristidoides needle grama Bouteloua barbata sixweeks grama Bouteloua breviseta gyp grama Bouteloua curtipendula sideoats grama Bouteloua eriopoda black grama Bouteloua gracilis blue grama Bouteloua hirsuta hairy grama Bouteloua simplex mat grama
Bouteloua trifida red grama Bouteloua warnockii Warnock's grama *Bromus catharticus rescuegrass Bromus ciliatus fringed brome Bromus frondosus weeping brome *Bromus japonicus Japanese brome *Bromus madritensis ssp. rubens foxtail brome, red brome Bromus porteri Porter brome Cenchrus spinifex sandbur Chloris cucullata hooded windmillgrass *Chloris virgata feather windmillgrass *Cynodon dactylon Bermudagrass Dasyochloa pulchella fluffgrass Dichanthelium acuminatum tapered rosettegrass Dichanthelium oligosanthes Heller's rosettegrass Digitaria californica Arizona cottontop Digitaria pubiflora fall witchgrass *Digitaria sanguinalis hairy crabgrass *Echinochloa crus‐galli barnyardgrass *Eleusine indica goosegrass Elymus canadensis Canada wildrye Elymus elymoides squirreltail Elymus interruptus Texas wildrye Elymus smithii western wheatgrass Elymus spicatus bluebunch wheatgrass Enneapogon desvauxii pappusgrass *Eragrostis barrelieri Mediterranean lovegrass *Eragrostis cilianensis stinkgrass *Eragrostis curvula Boer lovegrass Eragrostis erosa Chihuahuan lovegrass Eragrostis intermedia plains lovegrass *Eragrostis lehmanniana Lehmann lovegrass Eragrostis mexicana Mexican lovegrass Eragrostis pectinacea spreading lovegrass Eragrostis spectabilis purple lovegrass Erioneuron avenaceum tridens, shortleaf woollygrass Erioneuron neallyi Nealley’s woollygrass Erioneuron pilosum hairy tridens, hairy woollygrass Festuca arizonica Arizona fescue Hesperostipa neomexicana New Mexico feathergrass Heteropogon contortus tanglehead Hopia obtusa vine mesquite *Hordeum murinum wall barley Hordeum pusillum little wildbarley Koeleria macrantha Junegrass Leptochloa dubia green spangletop *Lolium perenne Italian ryegrass, perennial ryegrass Lycurus phleoides common wolftail
Lycurus setosus bristly wolftail Melica nitens shining oniongrass Muhlenbergia arenacea eared muhly Muhlenbergia arenicola sand muhly Muhlenbergia dubia cane muhly, pine muhly Muhlenbergia emersleyi bullgrass Muhlenbergia filiformis pullup muhly Muhlenbergia fragilis annual muhly, delicate muhly Muhlenbergia montana mountain muhly Muhlenbergia pauciflora New Mexico muhly Muhlenbergia porteri bush muhly Muhlenbergia repens creeping muhly, red muhly Muhlenbergia rigida purple muhly Muhlenbergia setifolia curlyleaf muhly Muhlenbergia spiciformis longawn muhly Muhlenbergia tenuifolia mesa muhly, slimflower muhly Muhlenbergia torreyi ring muhly Munroa squarrosa false‐buffalograss Nassella tenuissima Mexican feathergrass *Panicum antidotale blue panicum Panicum bulbosum bulb panicgrass Panicum capillare witchgrass *Panicum coloratum Kleingrass Panicum hallii Hall's panicgrass Panicum hirticaule Mexican witchgrass Panicum hirticaule var. hirticaule Mexican witchgrass Paspalum distichum jointed crowngrass, knotgrass *Phalaris canariensis common canarygrass Piptochaetium fimbriatum piñon ricegrass Piptochaetium pringlei Pringle ricegrass Pleuraphis mutica tobosa *Poa annua annual bluegrass Poa bigelovii Bigelow’s bluegrass Poa fendleriana muttongrass Poa reflexa nodding bluegrass *Polypogon monspeliensis rabbitfootgrass *Polypogon viridis beardless rabbitfootgrass Puccinellia sp. alkaligrass Schizachyrium cirratum Texas bluestem Schizachryium neomexicanum New Mexico little bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium little bluestem Scleropogon brevifolius burrograss Setaria leucopila plains bristlegrass Setaria macrostachya plains bristlegrass *Setaria viridis green bristlegrass Sorghastrum nutans Indiangrass *Sorghum halepense Johnsongrass Sphenopholis obtusata wedgescale
Sporobolus airoides alkali sacaton Sporobolus contractus spike dropseed Sporobolus cryptandrus sand dropseed Sporobolus flexuosus mesa dropseed Sporobolus nealleyi gypgrass Sporobolus wrightii giant sacaton *Tragus berteronianus burgrass Tridens muticus slim tridens Tridens muticus var. elongatus rough tridens Potamogetonaceae: Pondweed family Potamogeton foliosus leafy pondweed Typhaceae: Cattail family *Typha angustifolia narrowleaf cattail Typha domingensis southern cattail
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ Symbols: * = non‐native () = Variety‐level taxon which is abandoned in Allred and Ivey, but is federally listed by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
____________________________________ Nomenclature follows: Flora Neomexicana III: An Illustrated Identification Manual. Kelly W. Allred and Robert DeWitt Ivey. 2012. Flora Neomexicana I: Annotated Checklist, Second Edition. Kelly W. Allred. 2012.