value now. value over time. - institute of the americas border... · • design, build and operate...

Value now. Value over time. © Copyright 2008, OSIsoft Inc. All rights Reserved.

Renewable Energy & MicrogridsA Case For Economic Development In The Border Region

Dave Roberts – [email protected]

2 Value now. Value over time. © Copyright 2008, OSIsoft Inc. All rights Reserved.

The Perfect Mix…

• Tremendous regional renewable energy resources

• Large Commercial & Industrial Base

• Renewable Portfolio Standard

• Increasing Intermittency Challenges

• Electricity/Carbon as a product cost increasing

• “Smart” grids as an enabling technology


Microgrids as a solution?

• What is a Microgrid? It is a collection of generation sources and loads that can be separated seamlessly (“islanded”) and bumplessly (e.g. usually contain some form of high speed storage) from the main grid and reconnected and during this time, frequency and load balance are controlled locally in the Microgrid.

• Typical Microgrids can be large factories with internal power generation, large industrial or commercial complexes and other facilities with backup power generation such as universities, hospitals and data centers, renewable or V2G (Vehicle to Grid) energy power, and distributed renewable energy sources from solar or wind.


What is a Microgrid – Commercial/Industrial Perspective


Functions of the Microgrid

• Direct control of loads and sources

• Direct connection to each building EMS

• Sends direct orders to building EMS

• CERTS voltage control, power factor and frequency of microgrid while disconnected

• Accurate revenue meter with TOU bins (0.025 percent accuracy)

• Provide local frequency control when connected to grid

• Provide DC charging bus for PHEVs/EVs

• Provide V2G, B2G functions while connected

• Provide Browser views of energy/power consumption to enterprise employees including carbon footprint.

• Encourage employee conservation/awareness

• Real time display of performance


Each Microgrid Power and Energy production

• Power

• 1.5 MW (~100,000 ft2 of panel area )

• Energy

• 7.5 MWh daily ( 6 hours per day)

• 2.6 GWh annually

• Energy value

• $750 per day ($1845 at PGE offer price)

• $270,000 per annum ($673,000 at PGE price)


Candidate “Sites” for Microgrids

• Typically <10MW Peak Load Sites, however larger can be accommodated with policy change:

• Maquiladoras

• Hospitals

• Industrial Facilities (e.g. Cement)

• Data Centers

• Shopping Malls & Big Retailers

• Universities (e.g. UCSD as active case example)


UCSD As a Case Example – Thank you Byron Washom –Director Strategic Energy Initiatives


Infrastructure Improvements


UCSD Support


Clustering Microgrids – along the border region integrating large scale renewables with C&I Renewable Microgrids


Power aggregator


Power aggregator

• Buys/Sells energy from Microgrids

• Buys/Sells energy from other energy markets (Local Utility, CAISO, other suppliers)

• Offers regulation services to CAISO

• Offers energy to CAISO and other buyers

• Offers capacity to CAISO

• Monitors and controls each Microgrid

• Sell environmental attributes to CCX and California Climate Registry


Silicon Valley Power – Santa Clara CA Proposal to DOE

• Santa Clara

• 135,000 jobs

• 90,000 cars

• 135-450 light industrial power consumers

• 500 MW peak demand

• Intel largest power consumer


DOE Smart Grid Proposal

• Design, build and operate standard modular Solar Microgrid for each industrial customer in City of Santa Clara.

• Benefits: Provides UPS and improved quality for each customer and lowers cost of energy. Helps meet 2010/2020 RPS requirements for renewable integration.

• Reduces need to purchase additional power for EV loads

• Protects SVP system from external renewable injection

• Consumption alerting will reduce energy by 5-15 percent

• Operate a data aggregation and Micropower market

• (buying/ selling energy to the microgrids and buying/selling energy to CAISO.

• Sell regulation services to CAISO (frequency and capacity)


Benefit to Bay Area Economy

• Immediate creation of jobs in Silicon Valley

• Immediate reduction of carbon emissions

• Solar plus Electric Vehicles

• Efficiency

• User awareness

• Increase power quality for consumers

• Provide means for meeting 2010 and 2020 RPS


Solar Microgrid


Components and partners

• Lead architects

• (EDD-Broadwater)

• Univ of Wisconsin, Robert Lasseter

• System Integrator ( Black & Veatch)

• Independent Power Producer (SolarGrid One, LLC)

• Microgrid software (OSIsoft)

• Microgrid controller (SEL)

• Solid state devices (Varentec)

• Micro-generator (Tecogen)

• Phasor measurement units and Energy Accounting (Arbiter Systems)

• Batteries (Megawatt Storage Farms)

• Solar panels (tbd)

• Power market software (Cazalet )

• Real time registration of carbon credits (APX）

• Microgrid 3D model (SST Systems)

• General electric contractor (Rosendin, Cupertino,Robbins …)

• Financing (Velocity)


Innovative technology

• Modular Solar Microgrid

• CERTS plug and play algorithm (Lasseter)

• ISM three phase model of microgrid (Broadwater)

• Continuous power loss minimization

• Continuous minimization of power costs

• Included hot water, chilled water, cold water and natural gas circuits

• OSIsoft interfaces to Building EMS

• Solid state electronic control devices

• ISM model of entire City of Santa Clara Circuits

• Runs in real time on Blade Servers

• Cazalet power market software

• Real time registration of carbon credits


3 Key Benefits of Microgrid#1 – Reliability

• Improved Reliability - Power quality control inside the Microgrid is what distinguishes it. In new Microgrid installations, modern power-electronic devices are used for switching and control and the prevention of backflow of power during periods of low voltage, underfrequency or outages on the main grid. Power generation and load inside the Microgrid are automatically balanced without loads being affected.

• During normal times the Microgrid presents itself as a controllable generation and load even though internally it may be supporting intermittent resources, but if needed, the Microgrid EMS can implement separation, islanding and reconnection to the grid seamlessly with no flicker


3 Key Benefits of Microgrid#2 – Efficiency and “Consumer Control”

• Peak Load Reduction – Any demand/peak charges are monitored carefully and manages with the resources on site as allowed by contract. This could include, in addition to Distributed EnergyResources (DERs) (e.g. turbines, engines, PV, geothermal, hydro,PV, wind turbines) and storage (e.g. batteries, flywheels, plug in vehicles, high energy process materials) it can implement strategies that use alternate sources of energy such as switching from electrical drives to steam turbines or using stored refrigerant instead of compressors.

• Increased Efficiency of Power Delivery – distributed generation, non-traditional sources and CHP or fuel cells are much more efficient if they can sell their heat output. It also can manageintermittent sources at the local, low voltage level.

• Deferred Capital Spending for Capacity and Congestion –implementation of permanent load shifting, load management and creation of ancillary products such as regulation up, regulationdown

•


3 Key Benefits of Microgrid#3 – Energy Security and Critical Asset Security

• Convenience of Microgrid – There is value for documentation of energy conservation project since the detailed submetering is already in place thereby allowing the facility to determine where improvements could be achieved. This would include interfaces to loads from building systems, SCADA, EMS, DMS, DCS or PLC systems.

• Energy Conservation and Reduced Costs - The measurements and procedures defined above are those needed to support the proposed ISO type improvement process mandated by the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007, Section 1304.

• Enhanced security and fault monitoring – require by NERC Critical Infrastructure Program.

• Improved Electrical System Security – Common security for the power, water, sewer and physical assets.

value now. value over time. - institute of the americas border... · • design, build and operate...

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