v THE DOE-2 U SER NEWSDOE-I!: A COMP UTER PROGRAM FOR

BUILDING ENERGY SIMULATION

PUB-439

Volume 9, No.2Summer 1988

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P ub llehed By Tbe:

Simulation Research GroupBldg. 90 - Room 3147

Applied Science DivisionLawrence Berkeley Laboratory

University of CaliforniaBerkeley, California 94i20

Editor: Kathy Ellington

Table oj Con tent s

Hands On (it ems of interest) 1

Heat Exchange r 2New F eatures in DOE-~UD 3DO£-2 Director y 7

a a HANDS O N -0 -0

U Bugged by 2.1CH - To date. 56bugs in 2.IC have been fixed. Vol. 9, No. 3of the User News will print all bugs andfixes fou nd to date in DOE-Z.IC. Thi s isthe last time all bugs/ fixes will be printedfor 2.IC.U DOE-2 Course at U. C . B erkeley ­A three-day intensive course t.itl ed "BuildingEnergy P erformance Analysis Using theDOE -2 Computer P rogram" is scheduled forSeptember 7- 9 at t he Universi ty of Califo r­nia Berkeley campus. Fo r registration infor­mat ion , write to Di ck Tsina or KarenAn derson, V.C. Ex tensi on Office, 2223 Ful­ton St. , Berkeley, CA Q4720; phone(415) 642-4111. Cost of the course is $645,inclu ding all mat erials; lodg ing and mealsare not included. If you would like to visi tthe group when you attend the course,please not ify us ahead of time.

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0" NewsJetter D istribution -\Vith the Spring 1988 issue, t he USERNEWS started being dlst ributed by theNational Energy Software Cen ter atAr gonne, IL. T he USER l\"EWS cont inuesto be writ ten and print ed by the SimulationResearch Group, and questi ons or comm entsshould st ill be directed to LBL. l\"ESC hasdecided to distribute the USER l\"EWS freeof charge. If you want your name put onth e distribution list , write to Ms. Jan Car­ter, !\"ESC, Argonne National Laboratory ,Q700 South Cass Avenue. Argonne,IL 60439.

lI::7' Directory of Services -Th e DOE-2 program, and its position asbenchmark software in the Al E community,has generated a number of program-relatedsoftware and services. A Di rectory of DOE­2 related software. services, and documenta­tion is printed on th e inside back page ofth is newslette r. All readers are urged tocontact us with other sou rces for in clusion.

n::J'" Conferences -August 28-Sept I , 1988 -- CLIMA 2000,S econd Worl d Congress on Heat ing, Vent ila­tion, Refrigera tion and Air Conditioning,Sarajevo. Yugoslavia. Contact BranislavTodorovic, CLlMA 2000/KGH, Kn ezMihailova 7III. 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia.

Septem ber 5-8, 1988 - CIB Confe rence ­Healthy Bu ildings '88, Stockholm, Sweden.Organized by th e Swedish Counci l for Build­ing Research in collaboration with theNat ional Institute of E nvironmental Medi­cine, and wi th th e co-sponsorship of the\ Vorld Health Organ ization. Contact Mr.Coren Hellsten , T he Swedish Council forB uilding Research, S:t Goransgat an 66, S­112 33 Stoc kholm. Sweden.

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• • • THE HEAT EXCHANGER •••

Quest ion: Sometimes when I'm running 2.1C the program aborts in BDL and Iget an error message "Symbol Table Full" and / or "Exceeded Maxfor This Item or n". HELP!!

A..nswer: To increase the maximum Dumber of SCHEDCLEs ,EXTER IOR- WALLs, WI:-''DOWs, LAYERs, CO:"STRUCTIO:-.'s:

I. Add tbe changes below [between t be dasbed lines] to tbe end offi le "DKEY.vax".

2. R ebuild t be fi le " BDLKEY.bin" by running t be command file"@uv l key bdlk ey".

N OTE : m ax INTERIOR-'VALL !I is 112 and cannot be increased

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New F ea t ures •In DOE - 2.1D

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Summarized below are major enhancements to the DOE·2 program . Tbese changes willap pear in version 2.10 , scheduled fo r officia l re lease at the end of 1988.

G ener-a.llz ed LibraryIn the past it has only been possible to create 0 0 £ ·2 libraries of materials, envelopeconst ructions , and weighting factors . A new general library featu re bas beendes igned whi ch will allow t he- users of DOE-2.1D to create custom librar ies contai n­ing des cr iptions of any building componen t or system of components. T his willallow defin ition of libraries con taining data which might consist , for example, ofstandard operation schedules for di fferent zone types or of complex componen tdescr ipt ions . Even librar ies of ent ire zone descriptions can be cre ated . T his newlibr ary capability will great ly facilit at e input preparat ion.

Use r De fine d F unctions in SYS TEMSIn DOE-Z. IC, direct user in ter face with t he operation of DOE-2 is poss ible in theLOAD S section of t he program t hrough th e use of the FU1\CT IO:--l' command . Thisfeat ure allows direct modifi ca t ion, enhancement , or replacement of DOE· Z calcu la­t ions wit hout requir ing recom pilat ion of t he compute r code. Use rs ca n wr ite thei rown algor ith ms in a FORT RA:':-l ike language an d place t his information in the BDLinput, along wit h information indicating bow and where these new algorithms are tobe used . T his is a major step forward in allowing desig ners and resear chers to "finet une " the simu lat ion pr ogram to t heir specific needs. In the pas t this was not feasi­ble without a ma jor investment of t ime. In DO£- 2.1D, this capability bas beenadded to t he S"'lSTE~fS portion of the pr ogram , mak ing it possible for an advanceduser to add new HVAC simulation feat ures such as inn ovative cont rol schemes.

F e nest ration

Because heat gain and loss through windows has a large impact on energy perfor­mance of most buildings, t he DO£-2 window th er mal calcu la t ions have beenimp roved . T his includes (1) an aut om at ic calc ulatio n of the shading of diffuse sola rradiat ion by neighboring bui ldings and by architec tural elements such as overhangs[previously only t he shading of d irect solar radiat ion was calcu lated); (2) animproved calculation of infra-red radiat ion loss from t he bui lding en velope to t hesky , tak ing into account atmospheric con ditions (atmospher ic moistu re, cloud cove r­age) and blocking by ar chitectural obst ructions; (3) an improved ca lculat ion of t heam ount of sky diffuse radiat ion falling on windows an d walls .

Des icca nt Coo ling

Several com pan ies are developing desicca nt cooling systems in which a hygroscopicmater ial such as lithium bromide is used to remove moistu re from t he supply airstream . T he des iccant is "regene r ated " for fur t her use by d ry ing it wit h hot airfrom a gas- fired heater . Gas-fired desiccant systems of th is type have the potentialfor being a replacement for , o r a supplemen t to , conven tional electric-driven coolingsystems. However , very little is known ab ou t t be economics of des iccan t systems fordifferen t climates , buildin g ty pes , and uti lity rat e st ruct ures. Fo r t his reason , t heSRG (wit h fund ing fro m t he Gas Resear ch Inst it ute via tbe GA RD Div ision of t beCh amberlain Manufacturing Corp oration ) has d eveloped models for DO E· 2.1D thatcan be used to sim ulate the perfor mance of a vari ety of desiccan t sys te ms that areon the mar ke t now or are under devel opment .

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G as-En gine Driven Ch illers & H lt.ach l Hea.te r / Ch ille r

T .... o new PLA~T equipme nt simulations will be available in DO£-2 .1D: a directfired . do uble I.'ffl.'C' t absor pticn chiller-beate r m od el . a nd a n eng in e d ri ven ch illermodel. T he (or mer will be fam iliar to most 00£..2 users . Dir ect fired absor pt ionchi llers have en joyed a st ron g mark et in Ja pa n, du e to a nat ional en ergy po licy man­dat ing g ~ coolm g Siner 19; 9 un it s b uilt by Hit a ch i bave bee n avail a bl e in t he U.S .Despite hlbh ers t cost and COPs of onl y 1.0 to ). 1, t he equipmen t has attained con­s ider a b le populari ty . W e have received man)' reques ts to inclu de a mode l of tb isequipment in 00E-2.T be engine driven chiller, on the ct ber hand , is " new" to t he m ar ker. Engine drivenchillers wer e available in t be 1960's , bu t [or a var iety of reasons the mar ke t for t heseunits dried up in t he i O's. T he Gas Research Inst it ute, in coll aboration wit h som eequipment m anufact urers [T ecogen In c, and T her mo King Corp.), is atte mpting toreiat roduce t his equipment to the market , T hese units offe r good CO Ps, excellentpart load performan ce. an d the cap a bility to overspeed to meet peak loads above therated capaci ty. Hot water can be recove red from the engine exhaust and coolan t topr ovide space heati ng or to rUD an absorpt ion chiller [or extr a coo ling an d greateroveral l efficiency.

Ice- St .oea ge S imu lat ion

O ff-peak pr od uct ion and s torage of ice is attracting considerable inte rest as a way ofred ucing high day t ime elect r icity costs for coding. T he P LA='T pr ogram in DOE­2.10 will con tai n a new, com ponent-based ice-st c rage model called CBS/ICE ,developed for ASHR:\E b)' Brut e Hunn's group at the Univeraity of T exas Centerfor Energy S tudies. Wit h CBS/l e E, users can confi gure a large var iety of st at ic{ice-ca-eoil] syst ems b)' linking toget her syst em components (eva porato r , ice-tank,compressor , condenser, expa nsion va lue, controller, etc.].

Hiat c g r ams a n d S ca.tterp lot s

:\. Dew st at ist ical analysis package developed by our collaborators in F rance at tb eUniversity of P aris-Soutb allows DOE-~UD to plot "frequency of occurrence" d is t r i­but ions for an)' of th e program 's 200 hourly thermal an d climat ic var iables. T hedistri bu tions ca n be in the form of histogr ams (which show bow often pa r t icula rval ues of a var iab le occur) or scat terplots [which show frequency-of-occurrencecorre lat ions between t wo different var iables). T hese plots will make it poss ible forusers to see tr ends and inter-dependencies ..... bleb would be d iffi cult to determ inefrom the convent ional tabular repor t s in DO E-Z. For exam ple, a scat terpl ot of cool­ing coi l power vs. outside air t empera ture (or en thal py] could be used to stud)' t heperforma nce of an econom izer cycle. Examples of the p lots t hat can be print ed ar esh own on the next two pages.

DOt-tID !IS ' !

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L~ amples of f re quen cy- ai - occur rence di s t ribu tion s tha t can be pr i nt ed ~1th DOE-2.10:(a) his tog ram o f ou tside temp ( OC) ; (b) sca t te rp lo t of in s i de t erep (o F) \IS ext e r i ort o ta l horizon ta l sola r radi a t ion (Btu / h-F2) " (e l month ly min , ma x , and av g va lues ofou tside t emp (O C) ; (d) ~onth ly f requency-a t -occu r rence of out side t emp ( DC) .

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• • • • DOE-2 DffiE CTORY • • • •of

Progr am Rela ted Software, Serv ices, and Publica tions

•• NOTE · · •• C ONSUL T Al";TS ••Any user of the DOE-2 program who offers

Computer-Aided Afuhanical Engineeringrelated software , training in tbe use 010 0 & 2, consulting, or program support Mike Robertsshould contact Kathy Ellington for inclusion Roberts Engi neering Co.in this directory . 11g46 Pennsylvania

Kansas City, MO 64145•• SOFTW ARE •• P hone: (8 16) g42·8121

DOE·2.1C for Micro s (.\I/CR O·DOE2)Gene Tsai Large Facility ModellingAcrosoft International George F . Marton, P.E.3120 S. Wadsworth Blvd. 112g Keith AvenueDenver, CO 8022 7 Berkeley, CA g4,08Phone: (303) g6g·01,O P hone: (415) 841-8083

:I . UT ILITY P R O GRA....IS • •Mo ster Classes, Tut oria ls, Co nsulting

Pre- and Post-Processor Soltu:are Bruce BirdsallJames Trowbridge "In Support of Energy Software"Trowb ridge Software Engineering 166 Caldecou Lane, Suite 1134884-D Sunset Terrace Oakland , CA g4618Fair Oaks, CA g5628 P hone: (415) 841·2050Phone: (gI6) g62·3001

Graphs from DOE-2 Classes and ConsultingErnie Jessup Richard KuoE. Jessup & Associates Kn ow led ge Laboratory4gj7 Canoga Avenue 362 Ripley CourtWoodland Hills, CA 91364 Napervi lle, n, 60565Phone: (818) 884-3gg, Phone: (312) 411>-1 6g6

•• SER VIC E BUREAUS •• Consulting and T rainingDOE-2 Computer Sen-ice Jeff HirschDashka Stater 2138 Moron goBerkeley Solar Group Camaril lo, CA saoioP .O. Box 328g P hone: (805 ) 482-5515Berkeley, CA g4703Phone: (415) 843-,600

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• • • • D OC L"MESTATIO:"J • • • •__ Complete ::uCDocu tnemat ion P B-85:!-11449 12g8.DO/ each

•

__ 2.1C Update Packag e P B-SS:Hx.t31 S 87 .00/rach•

__ Engineers ~h.nual DE-83(l.04575 •S 39.50j each

T o Order b y Separate T it le s:_ _ BDL Summary (2.1C) DE-85ll- 12580 •

S H .gS/ each__ Users Guide (2 .1.'\) LBL-8689, Rev .2. •

I H .gS/ n ch__ Sample Run Book (2.1C) 0 & 850. 12582 •

I 50 .95/eacb_ Referen ce ~faDual (2.1A) •LBL-8i 05, Rrv.2 I 92 .95/each__ 0 0 E-2 Supplement (2.1C Upda te) DE-85~12 58 1

•S 25 .95 /eac b

T o Order D ceu m ent.etlcc , Write o r Call :National T echnical ln format ion Sen -ice, U.S. Dept . of Ccmecerce,5285 Port Royal Road , Spri ngfield , VA 22121For Credit Card Purebases, P hone: (703) 487·4650

T o Be P ut On The USE R NEWS DiltributioD Lut, Write:Ms. Jan Carter I National Enrrgy Software Center,9700 South Ca.s.s Av enue, A.rgonne, n. 6O.f39

Q u es t io n a O r Commentll A b o ut D O £-2 O r T he Use r News, W r it e :Kath)' E llingto n , Simulation Research Group, ~31 .(7 ,

Lawrence Berkeley Laborator)' , Berkeley , CA 94120

• For del ivery to ad dresses outside the Unit ed Statu, please double theprice of the documentation .

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T he DOE- 2 User Ne....sc/ o !'\ation al E ner gy So(t 9liare CenterAr gonne National Laboratory9100 S. e M S AvenueArgonne, n, 60439U.S.A.

< mai ling label >

3 00 - -7 / sa T bil . or) . ... . u ~porttd b1 tb t AMin l.f11 St CUI1.l1 fo, Co lll t r u-tio fl ud Rt flt .,blt Ellt rU. 0 1'l'lC t or Bllildi fl l l.lld Co mmllfli"t1 S,lhml. BuiJdilll S,ntml Divil iOIl of t ht U.S. Dtpl.H mtllt 01' EOtrU IIIldtr CoIlL,l.ct No. D&AC03-iI5SF~a . l.&wrn ct Btrh lt1Llbonl.O, )' i, u tQ u~ opporlull iL)' t mpl01tr . _ •• - - DIS~ - T hil documtfl t . ... pupl.ltd ... III ' CCO llllt of . or) lp<lflilOrtd b)'t ht U.lI ih d Sl,t", Go Ufllmt lll , Nti l bu t bt L'flihd St lln Gonrllmnl 110, " II)' ",t IlC)' t htrt'Or. 110, t ht Rt&tll"'- of th Ulliu rNI1 01Cl.li"forll il., Ilor "II)' of thir t mpl01tn . m..kn. loll)' • ..,nllt)' , apT.... or implit d. or ..... umes " ll)' I t&~ li ..bil il)' or rnpolll ibilit1 for ttl t ' HUrl.'. , . compltu ll...... 0, ultfulntM of lo ll)' i.ll foTml lio ll. I.Hl. rl. t lll , product, 0' p, oc"" dild o"d. or rt prntllLl t hat iLl1l1e would 1l0l. i .ll f,i ll&tpr iu-u l)' o. lltd ris bt.l. R tfcr tll ctS btr t lll te 1.Il )' . pt ci£c commercil.l producl.a. pro<tsI , or u n itt b1 iLl tadt D. mt . t,ad t m.. ) . ml llllra,..lurer , or otbt r .in, dOft Dol ntotN..il)' cOllll il ul t or impl1 il.l t .lldon t mt llt , ttcomm tlldl.l ioll, or f" o, in, b1 l bt l lllihd St lln Gourll' _mtn l or all)' a,t llc)' Ihu f'Ot , 0' l bt Rti t nU of the L'lliur l il)' of Cali for.llia . T bt ,i t .1 alld opilliolll of aUl bora u prtUtd btr till do 1101Ilt . ' lnr il)' u at t Ot rt~Ht t hon of t ilt Ullittd Slatn GOHr~mtllt or a ll)' ....COc)' l butof, 0' t bt Rt, t lltl of Iht Ulliuult)' of CaJiforll il . aDdIt lJlllot t.e u' t d rc r IdYf Ttlsilll 0' product tlld oTHmtflt purpOlt5 .

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