uvod u programiranje predavanja 2

7/21/2019 uvod u programiranje predavanja 2

1/77

CC

2


2/77

2

O

()

( )


3/77

3

! !

"# $

% !& '

! * *

$


4/77

4

" +

, if-else switc$

, ! + !"e#$%c&'ti'(e% )&t&% "et("'

, (- ) f&"% wile *-wile$


5/775

. + # "

!& ! $ . & "# !{ } & +

{ izraz1; izraz2; ... izrazN;}+{

izraz1;

izraz2;

...

izrazN;

}


6/77

6

- -/ (!) !& , !.

- / 0

!+1.0 if, switch

! ()0while, do while, for

! 0break, continue, goto,

return- 2+3 .

& & &* #!{}

/45 + +3 0 6 0123456 7 6 012348, 7{

iskaz1;iskaz2;

iskazN;}

2+3 -+ 4 5 45 4 .

5

8+5 9:/; ?=@ABCDEF GGG CFH


7/77

7

(scope)

,!"

- $

9:$

;


8/77

!"!"

main( {

int !rom1"1;

double !rom#" !rom2 $ %.&2; ' )*+- '

'error /20% 3!rom23 undeclared identifier'

double !rom2"#.22;

...

}

? 5 5 5 5 + J


9/77

#

!"!"main({

int !rom1"1;double !rom2"#.22;double !rom#" !rom2 $ %.&2;

!rom#" (double!rom1%4.5;...{ ' !ocetak unutrasn6eg bloka'

int!rom1 "4; ' lokalna !romenl6i7a !rom1'!rom2" !rom2!rom2;...!rintf(89d 9f:n8, !rom1, !rom#;

} ' kra6 unutrasn6eg bloka'!rom1$"#2;!rintf(89d 9f:n8, !rom1, !rom#;

}4 %4.5## %4.5


10/77

$%

" & -

/+ if- ifelse, if else if ... lse

+ switch

+break,

continue

! +goto,


11/77

$$

if elseif else- ' - '

if (izraz1

{naredbe

}else if (izraz2

{ naredbe}...

else{naredbe

}


12/77

$2

" & -

/K I 0

,L+0 if%

,+0 if - else%

,M4+0 if - else if - GGG - else


13/77

$3

( )*

N2ONPQ :QR

+

if (uslo7 iskaz;

2+3

N2ONPQ :QR

+

if (uslo7{iskaz1;

...iskazN;

}


14/77

$4

(( ifif

if(


15/77

!


16/77

$6

! "(! "(ififelseelse

if (uslo7iskaz1;

else iskaz2;

if (uslo7{

iskaz1; ...

iskazN; } else {

iskaz1; ...

iskazN; }

E>UEF= @=V

(sl&]

is$#\b is$#\

E>UEF= @=V

(sl&]

sl&de'iis$#\b

sl&de'iis$#\

" "( " "(


17/77

$7

" "( " "(

if elseif else

if(O J 0

if (P J 0

bro6Qa"%;

else

bro6Qa"R;

if (O J 0

if(P J 0

bro6Qa"%;

else

bro6Qa"R;

if l


18/77

$

if elseif else

if(O J 0if (P J 0

bro6Qa"%;

else ;

else

ro6Qa"R;

if(O J 0{

if (P J 0

bro6Qa"%;}

else

ro6Qa"R;

if lif l


19/77

$#

if elseif else

if(brGS T" 0 = & if(brGS

if(brGS "" 0 = & if(TbrGS

if(brGSQ< "" 0

!rintf(8bro6 a 6e 6ednak nuli:n8;

else!rintf(8bro6 a 6e razlicit od nule:n8;

++ )* .)* .


20/77

2%

+,(+,( )* ./)* ./

55 5 + + G

Iinclude Jstdio.h=main({ int bro6, ost; !rintf( KLnesite bro6 K ;

scanf( K9dK, Mbro6 ; if ( bro6J"0

!rintf(KNi6e !rirodan:nK; else {

ost " bro6 9 2;

if (ost""0 !rintf(KUaran:nK; else !rintf(KNe!aran:nK; }

}

E>UEF= @=V

E>UEF= @=V


21/77

2$

: :ififVVelseelseififVVelseelse

if (uslo71iskaz1;

else if (uslo72 iskaz2;

else if (uslo7# iskaz#;

...

else if (uslo7N iskazN; Welse iskaz0;X

Bl&$ bAsl&] bE>UEF=

@=V

Bl&$

Bl&$ FAsl&] FE>UEF=

@=V

Asl&] E>UEF=

@=V

Bl&$ a

( ifif ll ifif ll


22/77

22

(( ififVVelseelseififVVelseelse

if(izraz1{naredbe

}else if(izraz2

{naredbe

}...

else{naredbe

}

9+ bN bE>UEF=

@=V

9+

9+ FN FE>UEF=

@=V

N E>UEF=

@=V

9+ a

ifif lelse ifif lelse


23/77

23

ififVVelseelseifVifVelseelse

if(


24/77

24

+, +, ififVVelseelseifVifVelseelse55 1 5 1

Iinclude Jstdio.h=main({ int ocena; !rintf( KYcenaZ K ;

scanf( K9dK, Mocena ;

if (ocena""%!rintf(KYdlican:nK;

else if (ocena""4!rintf(K[rlo dobar:nK;

else if (ocena""#!rintf(K\obar:nK;

else if (ocena""2!rintf(K\o7ol6an:nK;

else if (ocena""1!rintf(KNedo7ol6an:nK;

else !rintf(K)*+-:nK;}

UEF=

ZW*lic#'Z

@=V

ZD^C>Y=Z

Y^=_

E>UEF=

ZFe*&]&lT#'Z

&ce'#jE>UEF=

Zk"l& *&!#"Z

@=V

&ce'#E>UEF

=

ZH&!#"Z

@=V

&ce'#

&ce'#b

@=VE>UEF=

ZH&]&lT#'Z

@=V

" " " " switchswitch


25/77

25

" " " "switchswitch

1>0?@A & if


26/77

26

switchswitch

]b ] ]' G G G

+ b + a+ + '

switch (izraz{

case 71 iskaz1; ... iskazN; case 72

iskaz1; ... iskazN; . . .

case 7N

iskaz1; ... iskazN; Wdefault iskaz0;X }

switchswitch


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27

switchswitch

B !" izraz$

!" CDEF=1?G5-CDEF=1?GH-$$$ CDEF=1?G8$

I*4 2M8 ! !I case switch$

B @31 * - * # * !&$

switchswitch V ]BE^_


28/77

2

switchswitchV ]BE^_


29/77

2#

(( switchswitchV ]BE^_


30/77

3%

switchswitchV BE^_


31/77

3$

(( switchswitch _


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32

+, +, /0)1/0)1

55 1 5 K 1G

IIinclude Jstdio.h=

main({ int ocena; !rintf(KYcenaZ K; scanf(K9dK,Mocena; switch (ocena {

case % !rintf(KYdlican:nK; break; case 4 !rintf(K[rlo dobar:nK; break; case # !rintf(K\obar:nK; break;

case 2!rintf(K\o7ol6an:nK; break;case 1!rintf(KNedo7ol6an:nK; break;

default !rintf(K)*+-:nK;

}}

+, +, /0)1/0)1


33/77

33

+, /0)1/ S +1 ++5 1+ 1055 1+ 55 1 45 G

Iinclude Jstdio.h=main({ int O,P,rez; char o!; !rintf(KLnesite izraz u obliku o!1 o!erator o!2 :nK;

scanf(K9d 9c 9dK,MO,Mo!,MP;

switch (o! { case $ rez"O$P; break; case V rez"OVP; break; case rez"OP; break; case ' rez"O'P; break; default !rintf(KNe !ozna6em tu o!eraci6uT:nK;

return (0; } !rintf (K9d 9c 9d " 9dK, O,o!,P,rez;}

>


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34

Iinclude Jstdio.h=main({

int O,P,rez; char o!; !rintf(KLnesite izraz u obliku br1 o!eraci6a br2 :nK;

scanf(K9d 9c 9dK,MO,Mo!,MP; switch (o! { case $

rez"O$P; break; case V rez"OVP; break; case rez"OP; break; case ' if (PT"0 rez"O'P;

else {!rintf(Kdel6en6e sa 0 ni6e doz7ol6enoT:nK;}break;

default !rintf(KNe!oznata o!eraci6aT:nK;

return (0; }

!rintf (K9d 9c 9d " 9dK, O,o!,P,rez;}


35/77

35

B " +

while V

or -

do while/

whilewhile


36/77

36

while


37/77

37

B !" izraz !$

izraz" "- (!" ) !&* $

B izraz 0$

J izrazwhile " @@ $

whilewhile VV &&, &&,


38/77

3

/K +1 5 + n

while (izraz{

iskaz1; ...

iskazN; }

+

N2ONPQ

O+5

:QR while (izraz iskaz;

()

( )

izraz (!=0)

()

" izraz #$% (==0)

& '

whilewhile


39/77

3#

S5I o5 5 a ba. p+G

float faren, celz;int maks, korak;

maks " 120;korak " 20;faren " 0;while(faren J" maks{

celz" (%.0'&.0 (farenV#2.0;!rintf(89#.0f,9.1f:n8,faren, celz;faren $" korak;

}

0, V15.R20, V.5

40, 4.4

0, 1%.R0, 2.5

100, #5.R

120, 4R.&

+,+,whilewhile


40/77

4%

S5 F 5 Z=@DW^EU=gqG

UEF=

@=V

! ! r b


int n, b"1; !rintf(KLnesite N K;scanf(K9dK,Mn;

while ( bJ"n {

!rintf(Klgoritam:nK; b$$; }}

+,+,whilewhile


41/77

4$

S5 F 5 Z=@DW^EU=gqG 4KI K

89:;


42/77

42

55 n% 5 5 5 nn

Iinclude Jstdio.h=

main(

{

int n, f"1;

!rintf(KLnesite N K;

scanf(K9dK,Mn;

!rintf(K9dT"K,n;

while (n

f " nVV; !rintf(K9dK,f;

}

89:;


43/77

43

55 n% 5 5 5 nn

Iinclude Jstdio.h=

main(

{

int n, f"1;

!rintf(KLnesite N K;

scanf(K9dK,Mn;

while (n

f " nVV; !rintf(Kaktori6el bro6a 9d 6e9dK,n, f;

}

89:;


44/77

44

55 5 5 I 1JG

Iinclude Jstdio.h=main({ int b, s"0; !rintf(KLnesite bro6 K;

scanf(K9dK,Mb;

if (bJ1 !rintf(KNi6e !rirodanTK; else { while (b {

s $" b 9 10; b '" 10; }

!rintf(K`bir cifara 6e9dK,s; }}

89:;


45/77

45

55 % 5 55 5 + 5 + G

Iinclude Jstdio.h=Iinclude Jmath.h=main({ int b, !, d"1;

!rintf(KLnesite bro6 K;scanf(K9dK,Mb; if (bJ1 !rintf(KNi6e !rirodanTK; else {

! " (b "" 2 (b 9 2; while (! MM (d$"2J"sjrt(b ! " b 9 d; !rintf(K9d 9s !rostK, b, ! ZK6eKKni6eK; }

}

89:;


46/77

46

K dowhile !

(! forwhile$

L !" * do while!& - & " !

# $

+ &&, (+ &&, (ddoo......whilewhile


47/77

47


48/77

4


float num, suma"0;

do{ !rintf(Lnesite bro68; scanf (89f8,Mnum;

suma $" num; ' suma "suma $ num; ' !rintf (`bir 6e 9f:n:n8, suma;}while (numT"0;

}

+ &&, + &&, ddoo......whilewhile


49/77

4#

/K +1 5 +

do {

iskaz1; ...

iskazN; }while (izraz;

do iskaz; while (izraz;

^B GFB

++

E>UEF=

+

5+5

@=V

bG N4 do (FG ^

G N 5 +G Q E>UEFEU na. b

jG Q @=V a. 4I5 + +K while

+,+,ddoo......whilewhile


50/77

5%

55 F 5+ 5 5 Z=@DW^EU=gqG

Iinclude Jstdio.h=main({ int n, b"1; do {

!rintf(KLnesite N K;scanf(K9dK,Mn;

} while (nJ1; do {

!rintf(Klgoritam:nK; b$$; } while (bJ"n;}

UEF= F h b

@=V

E>UEF=!hF

Y^=_

@=V

Iinclude Jstdio.h=main({ int n, b"1; do {

!rintf(KLnesite N K;scanf(K9dK,Mn;

} while (nJ1; do

!rintf(Klgoritam:nK;

while ( $$b J" n ;}



51/77

5$

8+ +5 5 FyH G

Iinclude Jstdio.h=

main({ int O,P,!,ost; do { !rintf(KLnesite p i qK;

scanf(K9d 9dK,MO,MP; } while (OJ1 PJ1; if (OJP{ !"O; O"P; P"!; }

do {

ost " O9P; O " P; P " ost; } while (P;}

UEF=

@=V

zhb ] {hb

UEF= @=Vz h {

U

{ ` a

Y^=_

E>UEF=

z {

{ &st

&stz gWH {

z

U

@=V



52/77

52

S+5 1+G55 + I.

Iinclude Jstdio.h=main({ int O,P,bd; do { !rintf(KLnesite p i qK; scanf(K9d 9dK,MO,MP; }

while (OJ1 PJ1; do { !rintf(Kro6 decimalaK; scanf(K9dK,Mbd; } while (bdJ1;!rintf(K9d9d"9d.K, O, P, O'P; do

{ O " O9P 10; !rintf(K9dK, O'P; } while (VVbd;}

+,+,ddoo......whilewhileN X


53/77

53

N5% 5 1+% 5 5 + X%5K |5-}J 55 J+G

$$$H-5-M-H

-H

55M =

+

=+

=+

nx

Xx

xX

x n

n

n

UEF=

@=V

z h a

e[s aGaaab

~F zrb.

~> ~F

~F ~>r z ~>.

~F - ~> ` e[sE>UEF=

Y^=_

@=V

~F

Iinclude Jstdio.h=Iinclude Jmath.h=Idefine +U 0.0001

main({ float O,Os,On; do { !rintf(Kp"K; scanf(K9fK,MO;} while (OJ0;

On " (O$1'2;do { Os " On; On " (Os $ O'Os ' 2;} while (fabs(OnVOs=+U; !rintf(K-oren 6e 9R.4fK,On;}

forfor--


54/77

54


55/77

55

Iinclude Jstdio.h=

main({

int num;

for(num " 1; num J" 10 ; num $$

{

!rintf(8 9d 8, num;

}

!rintf(8:n8;}

+55 1 2 # 4 % 5 R & 10

forfor--


56/77

56

Iinclude Jstdio.h=

7oid main({

int num;

for(num " 10; num =" 0 ; numVV

{

!rintf(8 9d 8, num;

}

!rintf(8:n8;}

+55 10 & R 5 % 4 # 2 1 0

forfor--


57/77

57

Iinclude Jstdio.h=

7oid main({

int num;

for (num " 2; num J" 10 ; num $" 2

{

!rintf(8 9d 8, num;

}

!rintf(8:n8;}

+55 2 4 R 10

forfor-- , , , ,


58/77

5

for (!ocQizraz; uslo7; izrazQ!etl6e {

iskaz1; ...

iskazN; }

for (!ocQizraz; uslo7; izrazQ!etl6eiskaz;

/45 +

+

+ 5

E>UEF=

O+5

@=V

S5

5

8+5 +Kwhile50

!ocetniQizraz; while (uslo7 {

iskaz; izrazQ!etl6e; }

+,+,forfor--55 F 5+ 5 5 Z=@DW^EU=gqG


59/77

5#

55 F 5+ 5 5 =@DW^EU=g G

Iinclude Jstdio.h=

main({ int n, i;

!rintf(KLnesite N K; scanf(K9dK,Mn;

for (i"1 ; iJ"n ; i$$ !rintf(Klgoritam:nK;

}


60/77

6%

55 1 5+ =%B% 5 1+ 5+ h=%B`G

Iinclude Jstdio.h=

main({ int a, b, bro6;

!rintf(KLnesite granice inter7ala K;scanf(K9d 9dK,Ma, Mb;

for ( bro6"a$1 ; bro6J"bV1 ; bro6$$ !rintf(K 9dK, bro6;}


int a, b, bro6; !rintf(KLnesite granice inter7ala K;

scanf(K9d 9dK,Ma, Mb;

for ( bro6"a$1 ; bro6J"bV1 ;

!rintf(K 9dK, bro6$$;}


61/77

6$

55 5 I J5+ - 'n

Iinclude Jstdio.h=main({ int n, b, !;

do { !rintf(Kn"K; scanf(K9dK,Mn; } while (nJ0;

for ( !"1, b"2 ; bJ"n ; b$$ !"!b;

!rintf(K9dT"9dK, n, !;}

UEF= F h a

@=V

Iinclude Jstdio.h=main(

{ int n, !; do { !rintf(Kn"K; scanf(K9dK,Mn; } while (nJ0;

for ( !"1 ; n ; !"nVV ;

!rintf(K9dK, !;}

H< ^G]< BC_


62/77

62

55 5 + 4 ++1.G

Y^=_

@=V

qFE_CZ

E>UEF=

q_C>UCZ

!"&T >

UEF= @=V

&st a

E>UEF=

@=V

> b

> > r H

Y^=_

Iinclude Jstdio.h=main({ int bro6, d, s; !rintf(KLnesite !rirodan bro6K;

scanf(K9dK,Mbro6;

if (bro6J1!rintf(KNi6e !rirodanTK; else

{

for ( s"1, d"2 ; dJ"bro6'2 ; d$$ s $" (bro69d Z 0 d;

!rintf(K9d 9s sa7rsenK, bro6,(bro6""s Z K6eK Kni6eK ;

}}

+,+,forfor--N5 4 I baaaG


63/77

63

N5 4 I baaaG

@=VE>UEF=

!"&T

!"&T >

Y^=_


64/77

64

P5 ' +K 5+0

...

Iinclude Jstdio.h=main({ int n, red, bro6;

do

{ !rintf(Kn"Z K; scanf(K9dK,Mn; } while (nJ1 n=20;

for ( red"1 ; redJ"n ; red$$ {

for ( bro6"1 ; bro6J"red ; bro6$$

!rintf(KK; !rintf(K:nK;

}}

+,+,forfor--55 ' 5 +K 5 1J ' 0


65/77

65

55 ' 5 +K 5 1J' 0

11212#12#4...12#4%5R&12#4%5R&0

12#4%5R&01...

Iinclude Jstdio.h=main({ int n, red, bro6;

do

{ !rintf(Kn"Z K; scanf(K9dK,Mn; } while (nJ1 n=20;


for ( bro6"1 ; bro6J"red ; bro6$$

!rintf(KK;

!rintf(K:nK;

}}

!rintf(K9dK, bro6910;

+,+,forfor--55 ' +K 1J0


66/77

66

55 ' +K 1J0

1 2#2 #4%4# 4%5%4 . . .R&012#4%4#210&R&012#4%5%4#210& .

. .

Iinclude Jstdio.h=

main({ int n, red, bro6;

do { !rintf(Kn"K; scanf(K9dK,Mn; } while (nJ1 n=20;


for ( bro6"1 ; bro6J"nVred ; bro6$$ !rintf(K K;

for ( bro6"red ; bro6J"2redV1 ; bro6$$

!rintf(K9dK, bro6910; for ( bro6"2redV2 ; bro6="red ; bro6VV

!rintf(K9dK, bro6910;

!rintf(K:nK; }}

^ ^ , ", , ",


67/77

67

break

continue

goto

return

breakbreak


68/77

6

break !

B%KPQ# (while,for doVwhile)- switch

& -

-

break !& # !

breakbreak


69/77

6#

for(i"0; ; $$i

{

...

O"iV#$12iif(O="%00break;

...

}

...

breakbreak


70/77

7%

Iinclude Jstdio.h=

main({

int c;

!rintf(8Lnesite karkter:n( O za izlaz8;

while(1{

c " getc(stdin;

if (c "" 3O3break;

}

!rintf(8Urekid beskonacne !etl6eT:n8;

}

LOR_LOR_- -


71/77

7$

50

switch0]


72/77

72

continue- ! !

break !& (while, fordoVwhile) *

() $

continuecontinue

2 4 R 10


73/77

73

Iinclude Jstdio.h=

main({int O;!rintf(8|s!is !arnih bro6e7a do 10:n8;

for( O " 1; O J" 10; O$$ { if( O 9 2 T" 0 ' ko bro6 ni6e !aran ' continue; ' |di na !oEetak !etl6e '

!rintf( 8:n9d8, O ;}}

2 4 R 10

`& `& a a gotogoto


74/77

74

/K +

^B GFB

goto labela;

abela (GC]


75/77

75

Iinclude Jstdio.h=

main({

int bro6;

lab1!rintf(KLnesite !rirodan bro6 K;

scanf(K9dK,Mbro6;

if (bro6J1 { !rintf(KNi6e !rirodanT:nK; goto kra6; }

!rintf(K9d9s !aran:nK,bro6,(bro692Z Kni6eKK6eK;

goto lab1;

kra6!rintf(K-*~...K;

}

CDEFGH]BEG ]< BE


76/77

76

50 + J1^_B< BCH_


77/77

77

+ 3I

S5I

uvod u programiranje predavanja 2

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