utsav mr project 1

ISHAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AND

TECHNOLOGY

GREATER NOIDA

A COMPARATIVE MARKETING RESEARCH

PROJECT REPORT

ON

“PEOPLE’S PERCEPTION ON CORRUPTION”

(Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for Post

Graduate Diploma in BUSINESS MANAGEMENT “2014-2016”)

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Mrs. REETA Mam (Faculty, Human Resource Management)

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Dr. D.K.Garg UTSAV KUNDU

CHAIRMAN SIR ENR No-20006

1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

S.N PARTICULARS PAGE NO.

01 ACKNOWLEDGMENT 2

02 DECLARATION 3

03 PREFACE 4

04 INTRODUCTION 5

05 CORRUPTION IN DIFFERENT SECTOR 6

06 OBJEDCTIVE OF THE RESEARCH 7

CHAPTER -1

07 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 8-9

CHAPTER -2

08 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

10

CHAPTER -3

09 QUESTIONNAIRES &CHI SQUARE TEST 11-41

CHAPTER -4

10 FINDINGS AND PERSONAL EXPERENCE 42

CHAPTER -5

11 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY 43

CHAPTER -6

12 SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION 44

CHAPTER -7

13 BIBLIOGRAPHY 45

14 ANNEXURE 46

15 CONCLUTION 47

16 RESPONDENTS DETAILS 48-50

2

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This marketing research project has been made possible through the direct and

indirect cooperation of various persons for whom I wish to express my

appreciation and gratitude.

First and foremost, our intellectual debt is to this academic curriculum of ISHAN

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY in which the institute

has included such a type of project in the emerging field of management.

We are thankful to chairman sir Dr. D. K. Garg(Chairman Sir) who has

allowed me to conduct a research on “PEOPLE’S PERCEPTION ON

CORRUPTION”..

I also take this opportunity to express my sincere gratitude to marketing research

faculty Mrs. REETA Mam.

3

DECLARATION

I UTAV KUNDU students of Ishan Institute of Management and Technology,

Greater Noida, (U.P.) hereby declared that project entitled “PEOPLE’S

PERCEPTION ON CORRUPTION” is original work carried by us for the partial

fulfillment of Post graduate diploma in Business Management under the guidance

of Mrs. Reeta mam.

It is the original project & respondents are original & we have followed all the

guidance & instructions issued by institute time to time for the preparation of this

project. It is further submitted that the questionnaire has been filled by the

respondent in our presence only. The compilation of all information and data are

accurate, if it is found that anything is wrong or any respondent is false than the

institute can take any penal action against us and the guide.

It is further submitted that this project is the property of Ishan Institute of

Management & Technology, Gr.Noida, (U.P.)

Researchers’ Name:

Name - UTSA KUNDU

Course - PGDM

ENR - 20006

Batch - 20th

Date : Signature :

4

PREFACE Business needs certain kind of information in order to be able to satisfy their

customer wants and needs to design effective marketing programmed. Basically

they want information regarding target market, product, services, price,

distribution, and promotion.

Marketing research specifies the information required addressing these issues,

design the method for collecting information manages and implement the data

collection process analysis the result and communicate the findings and their

implication.

Research is defined as the process of knowing the facts and verifying the old ones

by the application of scientific methods to natural phenomena so as to come to

uniform of laws governing these phenomena.

The research process involves a circular flow because conclusion from research

studies frequently gives rise to ideas and problems, which should be further

investigated.

5

Introduction

TOPIC = “PEOPLE’S PERCEPTION ON CORRUPTION”.

In philosophical, theological,or moral discussions, corruption is spiritual or moral

impurity or deviation from an ideal. Corruption may include many activities

including bribery and embezzlement. Government, or 'political', corruption occurs

when an office-holder or other governmental employee acts in an official capacity

for personal gain.

The word corrupt when used as an adjective literally means "utterly broken". The

word was first used by Aristotle and later by Cicero who added the terms bribe and

abandonment of good habits. Morris, a professor of politics, writes that corruption

is the illegitimate use of public power to benefit a private interest. Economist I.

Senior defines corruption as an action to secretly provide a good or a service to a

third party so that he or she can influence certain actions which benefit the corrupt,

a third party, or both in which the corrupt agent has authority. Kauffman, from the

World Bank extends the concept to include 'legal corruption' in which power is

abused within the confines of the law - as those with power often have the ability

to shape the law for their protection.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theology

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morality

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirtuality

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impurity

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideal_(ethics)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bribery

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_corruption

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero

6

Corruption in different sectors

Government/Public Sector Public sector corruption includes corruption of the political process and of

government agencies such as the police as well as corruption in processes of

allocating public funds for contracts, grants, and hiring. Recent research by the

World Bank suggests that who makes policy decisions (elected officials or

bureaucrats) can be critical in determining the level of corruption because of the

incentives different policy-makers face.

Political corruption Political corruption is the abuse of public power, office, or resources by elected

government officials for personal gain, e.g. by extortion, soliciting or offering

bribes. It can also take the form of office holders maintaining themselves in office

by purchasing votes by enacting laws which use taxpayers' money. Evidence

suggests that corruption can have political consequences- with citizens being asked

for bribes becoming less likely to identify with their country or region.

Police corruption Police corruption is a specific form of police misconduct designed to obtain

financial benefits, other personal gain, and/or career advancement for a police

officer or officers in exchange for not pursuing, or selectively pursuing, an

investigation or arrest. One common form of police corruption is soliciting and/or

accepting bribes in exchange for not reporting organized drug or prostitution rings

or other illegal activities. Another example is police officers flouting the police

code of conduct in order to secure convictions of suspects. More rarely, police

officers may deliberately and systematically participate in organized crime

themselves. In most major cities, there are internal affairs sections to investigate

suspected police corruption or misconduct.

Judicial corruption Judicial corruption refers to corruption related misconduct of judges, through

receiving or giving bribes, improper sentencing of convicted criminals, bias in the

hearing and judgment of arguments and other such misconduct. Governmental

corruption of judiciary is broadly known in many transitional and developing

countries because the budget is almost completely controlled by the executive. The

latter undermines the separation of powers, as it creates a critical financial

dependence of the judiciary. The proper national wealth distribution including the

government spending on the judiciary is subject of the constitutional economics.

7

Objective of the research

Main objective:

To find out the perception of the people about Corruption in INDIA.

To create a corruption-free India, so that the poor do not lose their voice to

corruption.

To identify the impact of Corruption among the peoples.

.

By Objective:

To find out the main reason for Corruption in INDIA.

To know about the people’s opinion regarding Corruption.

To improve transparency and accountability by eradicating corruption

through widening of knowledge and catalyzing action.

8

Research Methodology

Technology, customers taste & preference plays a vital role in today’s generation.

Research methodology is set up of various methods to be followed to find out

information regarding market of different people. Research methodology is

required in every industry to acquire knowledge of their product and services.

a) RESEARCH DESIGN:-

This study portrays the attitude of people towards adulteration in food items. This

also portrays the characteristics of customers they have. The study which is

concerned with describing the characteristics of individual or group is known as

Descriptive study. Hence our study is Descriptive and Exploratory in nature.

b) SAMPLE:-

Sample is the selection of persons from the different background and level to

know their views and opinions regarding their relationship with adulteration in

food items. Assuming that the sample data will be able to estimate population

parameters, so sample size is of 100 persons.

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE:-

The sampling technique used in this study is Convenience sampling and

non-probabilistic sampling as because the area chosen by us for the survey was

totally based on our convenience. Convenience sampling was one chosen purely

for expedience. A convenience sampling is sometimes useful in marketing research

for certain specialized purposes. If one little information about the subject then a

small scale convenience sample can be of value in exploratory work, to help

understand the rage of variability of response in subject area. Just talking to few

consumers may help identify issues.

9

c) DATA COLLECTION:-

Two types of data were collected. They are

1. Primary data:- Primary data consists of original information gathered

for specific purpose. The primary data is collected through questionnaire.

The questionnaire is through common instrument collecting primary

collection. I collected the data through questionnaire from different peoples

like students, teachers and other through questionnaire comprising of 15

questions.

2. Secondary data:- Secondary data were collected from various

websites. Also from several books

QUESTIONAIRE METHOD:

1. Structured Non-disguised questionnaire: Most questionnaire studies made

in marketing research are of this type. A structured interviews of this type

introduced gives more reliable results. The purpose of the question is clear

and thus undisguised. It is simple to administer and easy to tabulate and

analyze. This questionnaire has also got the provision for alternative response

that helps in marketing the questions clear.

d) SCALING OR QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUE:-

The following tools were used for analysis:

Simple percentage analysis

Point analysis

1. Simple percentage Analysis:

In this method, based on the opinions of the respondents, percentage is calculated for the

respective scales of each factor.

2. Point Analysis:

The Likert scale consists of a number of statements, which express either a

favorable and unfavorable attitude towards the given object to which the

respondent is asked to react. The scales used for this study is:

YES NO CAN’T SAY

10

Statistical analysis and interpretation

The tools and methods of data collection identified earlier were employed to gather

data on the consumer perception on adulteration in food items. The data accrued,

especially from the interviews and questionnaires circulated, are tabulated and

depicted on graphs in the following pages. The data thus gathered and tabulated is

analyzed. The data is then scrutinized and relevant interpretations are drawn.

The major objectives of analysis of data are:

1. To evaluate and enhance data quality,

2. Examine effects of other relevant factors,

The data collection plan, including procedures, instruments, and forms, was

designed and pre-tested to maximize accuracy. All data collection activities were

monitored to ensure adherence to the data collection protocol and to prompt

actions to minimize and resolve missing and questionable data. Monitoring

procedures were instituted at the outset and maintained throughout the study, since

the faster irregularities can be detected; the greater the likelihood that they can be

resolved in a satisfactory manner and the sooner preventive measures can be

instituted.

11

QUESTIONNAIRE 1) Do you think INDIA will become a Corruption free country in Modi Govt.?

a) Yes b) No c) Can’t say

.

INTERPRETATION- In that present scenario I have found that there is mix

opinion among the people towards a corruption free India in Modi govt. 48% of

people think that that India can become a corruption free country in Modi govt. But

28% people think that Modi could not remove corruption from the country. 24%

people not gave there clear opinion. Either they don’t want to clarify or they are

doubtful.

YES, 48

NO, 28

CAN'T SAY, 24

Option Respondent Percentage

A 48 48

B 28 28

C 24 24

12

CHI SQUARE TEST

Null Hypothesis (Ho) it is assumed that INDIA will become a Corruption free

country in Modi Govt.

Expected frequency (E)/ (Fe)

E= 100/3= 33.33 for each options

Options Original

value(O)

Expected

value(E)

(O-E) (O-E)2 (O-E)2/E

YES 49 33.33 15.67 245.55 7.37

NO 28 33.33 -5.33 28.41 0.85

CAN’T SAY

24 33.33 -9.33 87.05 2.61

TOTAL 100 100 10.83

Degree of Freedom=N-1= 3-1=2 at 5% level of significance, the tabulated value of

5.99.

Here calculated value X2= 10.83

As, Tabulated Value < Calculated Value

So, Null Hypothesis is rejected.

13

2) Who is responsible for Corruption?

a)Government b)Public c)System d)All

INTERPRETATION- In present scenario I have found that everyone I corrupted

in our country. But the question is who is more corrupted? In my research there are

3% people said that particularly Government is corrupted. 18% of people said that

Public is corrupted. 17% of people said that said that System is Corrupted. 62% of

people think that every one of the country is corrupted.

Government, 3

Public, 18

System, 17

All, 62


A 3 3

B 18 18

C 17 17

D 62 62

14

CHI SQUARE TEST

Null Hypothesis (Ho) it is assumed that Responsibility for Corruption is

independent


E= 100/4=25 for each options

Options Original

value(O)

Expected

value(E)

(O-E) (O-E)2 (O-E)2/E

Yes 3 25 -22 484 19.36

No 18 25 -7 49 1.96

Can’t say 17 25 -8 64 2.56

May be 62 25 37 1369 54.79

TOTAL 100 100 78.64


5.99.




15

3) Do you think Jan Lokpal Bill is itself capable to control Corruption?


INTERPRETATION:- In this question I want to do a study on Jan Lokpal Bill,

whether it capable to protect our country from corruption. 21% people said that yes

it is capable enough to control corruption. But 52% think this bill will be failed to

control corruption. Ether they think this bill itself corrupted or it not so much

stronger to control corruption. 27% people didn’t give their opinion..

Yes, 21

No, 52

Can't Say, 27


A 21 21

B 52 52

C 27 27

16

CHI SQUARE TEST

Null Hypothesis (Ho) it is assumed Jan Lokpal Bill is itself capable to control

Corruption .



Options Original

value(O)

Expected

value(E)

(O-E) (O-E)2 (O-E)2/E

YES 21 33.33 -12.33 152.03 4.56

NO 52 33.33 18.67 348.57 10.46

CAN’T SAY

27 33.33 -6.33 40.07 1.20

TOTAL 100 100 16.22


5.99.




17

4) Do you think Corruption can bring prosperity?

a)Yes b) No c) Don’t know


A 24 24

B 55 55

C 21 21

INTERPRETATION- Here 24% said that corruption can bring prosperity. But

55% people think that corruption can’t bring prosperity. But 21% said that they

don’t about that or maybe they don’t want to give their opinion..

Yes, 24

NO, 55

Don't Know, 21

18

CHI SQUARE TEST

Null Hypothesis (Ho) it is assumed that Corruption can bring prosperity..



Options Original

value(O)

Expected

value(E)

(O-E) (O-E)2 (O-E)2/E

YES 24 33.33 -9.33 87.05 2.61

NO 55 33.33 21.67 469.58 14.09

CAN’T SAY

21 33.33 -12.33 152.03 4.56

TOTAL 100 100 21.26


5.99.




19

5) Does Corruption adversely affect economic growth in downsizing?

a) Yes b) No c) Can’t Say

INTERPRETATION- As we know that corruption effects the economic growth of

a country, my research data also suggest that. I found that 84% people said that yes

corruption can effects the economic growth of a country. But 10% people said no,

corruption doesn’t effects economic growth of a country. 6% people didn’t give

their opinion.

YES, 84

NO, 10

CAN'T SAY, 6


A 84 84

B 10 10

C 06 06

20

CHI SQUARE TEST

Null Hypothesis (Ho) it is assumed that Corruption adversely affect economic

growth in downsizing..



Options Original

value(O)

Expected

value(E)

(O-E) (O-E)2 (O-E)2/E

YES 84 33.33 50.67 2567.44 77.03

NO 10 33.33 -23.33 544.29 16.33

CAN’T SAY

06 33.33 -27.33 746.93 22.41

TOTAL 100 100 115.77


5.99.




21

6) E-governance can reduce Corruption from INDIA.

a) Agree b) Disagree c)Can’t say


A 65 65

B 16 16

C 19 19

INTERPRETATION- After this research I found that 65% people are with the

support of e-governance. But 16% people are disagreeing with the e-governance

system. 19% can’t say about that. Because either they are not aware with that or

may they think it should failed in future..

Agree, 65

Disagree, 16

Can't say, 19

22

CHI SQUARE TEST

Null Hypothesis (Ho) it is assumed that E-governance can reduce Corruption from

INDIA.



Options Original

value(O)

Expected

value(E)

(O-E) (O-E)2 (O-E)2/E

AGREE 65 33.33 31.67 1003 30.12

DISAGREE 16 33.33 -17.33 300.328 9.01

CAN’T SAY

19 33.33 -14.33 205.35 6.16

TOTAL 100 100 45.29


5.99.




23

7) Modi is an honest PM.

a)Yes b) No c) Can’t say

INTERPRETATION- After the research project I come to know that 70% people

of Greater Noida, Noida thinks that Modi in an honest PM of India. But there are

also 13% people who think that Modi is not an honest PM of India. There are 17%

people who didn’t give their opinion may for it’s a political issue.

Yes, 70

No, 13

Can't say, 17


A 70 70

B 13 13

C 17 17

24

CHI SQUARE TEST

Null Hypothesis (Ho) it is assumed that MODI is an honest PM.



Options Original

value(O)

Expected

value(E)

(O-E) (O-E)2 (O-E)2/E

YES 70 33.33 36.67 1334.69 40.35

NO 13 33.33 -20.33 413.31 12.40

CAN’T SAY

17 33.33 -16.33 266.67 8

TOTAL 100 100 60.75


5.99.




25

8) The central Govt. should bring a strict law to reduce Corruption.



of Greater Noida, Noida thinks that strict law should be create to control corruption

in INDIA . But there are also 3% people don’t think that it should me made. There

are 6% people who didn’t give their opinion may for it’s a political issue.

CHI SQUARE TEST

Yes, 91

No, 3 Can't say, 6


A 91 91 B 03 03

C 06 06

26

Null Hypothesis (Ho) it is assumed that Govt. should bring a strict law to reduce

Corruption.



Options Original

value(O)

Expected

value(E)

(O-E) (O-E)2 (O-E)2/E

YES 91 33.33 57.67 3325.83 99.48

NO 03 33.33 -30.33 919.91 27.60

CAN’T SAY

06 33.33 -27.33 746.93 22.41

TOTAL 100 100 149.49


5.99.




9) Is there any Corruption in Police?

a) Yes b) No c) Don’t Know

27

INTERPRETATION- After the research project I come to know that 95% people of

Greater Noida, Noida thinks that police system of India is very much corrupted.

But there is just 1% people who think that police are not corrupted. There are 4%

people who didn’t give their opinion may be for it’s a political issue or they

involve with this system.

YES, 95

NO, 1 DON'T KNOW, 4


A 95 95

B 01 01

C 04 04

28

CHI SQUARE TEST

Null Hypothesis (Ho) it is assumed that there is no Corruption in Police..



Options Original

value(O)

Expected

value(E)

(O-E) (O-E)2 (O-E)2/E

YES 95 33.33 61.67 3803.19 114.11

NO 01 33.33 -32.33 1045.23 31.36

CAN’T SAY

04 33.33 -29.33 860.25 25.81

TOTAL 100 100 171.28


5.99.




29

10) Do you think Corruption in Defense is maximum?



A 22 22

B 48 48

C 30 30


of Greater Noida, Noida thinks that Indian defense is corrupted. But there are 48%

people who think that Indian defense is not corrupted. There are 30% people who

didn’t give their opinion may be for it’s a legal issue or they involve with Indian

defense.

Yes, 22

No, 48

Can't say, 30

30

CHI SQUARE TEST

Null Hypothesis (Ho) it is assumed that Corruption adversely affect economic

growth in downsizing..



Options Original

value(O)

Expected

value(E)

(O-E) (O-E)2 (O-E)2/E

YES 22 33.33 -11.33 128.37 3.85

NO 48 33.33 14.67 215.21 6.46

CAN’T SAY

30 33.33 -3.33 11.09 0.33

TOTAL 100 100 10.64


5.99.




31

11) Is there any Corruption in Judiciary System of INDIA?

a) Yes b) No c) Don’t Know


A 75 75

B 02 02

C 23 23


of Greater Noida, Noida thinks that the judiciary system of India is very much

corrupted. But there are just 2% people who think that judiciary system is not

corrupted. There are 23% people who didn’t give their opinion may be for it’s a

legal issue or they involve with this system.

Yes, 75

No, 2

Can't say, 23

32

CHI SQUARE TEST

Null Hypothesis (Ho) it is assumed that there is no Corruption in Judiciary System

of INDIA



Options Original

value(O)

Expected

value(E)

(O-E) (O-E)2 (O-E)2/E

YES 75 33.33 41.67 1736.39 52.10

NO 02 33.33 -31.33 981.57 29.45

CAN’T SAY

23 33.33 -10.33 106.71 3.20

TOTAL 100 100 84.75


5.99.




33

12) Are public servant like IPS/IAS/PCs are Corrupted?

A. Yes B. No C. Can’t say

Ans.


A 70 70

B 07 07

C 23 23


of Greater Noida, Noida thinks that the IAS/IPS/PCs of India are very much

corrupted. But there are just 7% people who think that judiciary system is not

corrupted. There are 23% people who didn’t give their opinion may be for it’s a

legal issue or they involve with this system.

Yes, 70

No, 7

Can't say, 23

34

CHI SQUARE TEST

Null Hypothesis (Ho) it is assumed that public servant like IPS/IAS/PCs are

Corrupted..



Options Original

value(O)

Expected

value(E)

(O-E) (O-E)2 (O-E)2/E

YES 70 33.33 36.67 1344.69 40.35

NO 07 33.33 -26.33 693.27 20.80

CAN’T SAY

23 33.33 -10.33 106.71 3.20

TOTAL 100 100 64.35


5.99.




35

13) Do you believe that Corruption lies from bottom to top level?



A 82 82

B 09 09

C 09 09


of Greater Noida, Noida thinks that corruption lies from bottom to top level. But

there are just 9% people who think that corruption doesn’t lies from bottom to top

level. There are 9% people who didn’t give their opinion may be for it’s a legal

issue or they involve with this system.

Yes, 82

No, 9

Can't say, 9

36

CHI SQUARE TEST

Null Hypothesis (Ho) it is assumed that Corruption lies from bottom to top level.



Options Original

value(O)

Expected

value(E)

(O-E) (O-E)2 (O-E)2/E

YES 82 33.33 48.67 2368.77 71.07

NO 09 33.33 -24.33 591.95 17.16

CAN’T SAY

09 33.33 -24.33 591.95 17.16

TOTAL 100 100 106.59


5.99.




37

14) Is there any Corruption in Media?



A 80 80

B 07 07

C 13 13


of Greater Noida, Noida thinks that the Media is very much corrupted. But there

are just 7% people who think that Media is not corrupted. There are 13% people

who didn’t give their opinion may be for it’s a legal issue or they involve with this.

yes, 80

No, 7

can'say, 13

38

CHI SQUARE TEST

Null Hypothesis (Ho) it is assumed that there is no Corruption in Media.



Options Original

value(O)

Expected

value(E)

(O-E) (O-E)2 (O-E)2/E

YES 80 33.33 46.67 2178.09 65.35

NO 07 33.33 -26.33 693.27 20.80

CAN’T SAY

13 33.33 -20.33 413.31 12.40

TOTAL 100 100 98.41


5.99.




39

15) Do you think Corruption is a World Wide problem?



A 71 71

B 16 16

C 13 13


of Greater Noida, Noida believes that corruption is a World Wide problem. But

there are 16% people who don’t think that corruption is a World Wide problem.

There are 13% people who didn’t give their opinion may be for they don’t have

enough knowledge for the world.

Yes, 71

No, 16

Can't say, 13

40

CHI SQUARE TEST

Null Hypothesis (Ho) it is assumed that Corruption is a World Wide problem..



Options Original

value(O)

Expected

value(E)

(O-E) (O-E)2 (O-E)2/E

YES 71 33.33 37.67 1419.03 42.57

NO 16 33.33 -17.33 300.328 9.01

CAN’T SAY

13 33.33 -20.33 413.31 12.40

TOTAL 100 100 63.98


5.99.




41

OBSERVATION TABLE

Chi Square Test

Since the Chi- Square test is a one of the simplest and most widely used non

parametrical tests in statistical work. It describes the magnitude of discrepancy

between theory and observation that is with the help of chi- square test we can

know whether a given discrepancy between theory and observation can be

attributed to changes or whether it results from the inadequacy of the theory to fit

the observed facts.

One of the most frequent uses of chi-square is for testing the null

hypothesis that two criteria of classification are independent. They are independent

if the distribution of one criteria is in no way depends on the distribution of other

criteria. If they are not independent, there is an association between two criteria. In

the test of independence the population and sample are classified according to

some attributes. The test will indicate only whether or not any dependency

relationship exists between the attributes. It will not indicate the degree of

association or the direction of independency.

The chi square test is one of the simplest and most widely used non – parametric

tests in statistical work. It makes no assumption about the population being

sampled. The quantity X2

describes the magnitude of disperancy between the

Theory and observation. If X2=0, this means that observed and expected

frequencies coincide. Greater the value of X2, the greater would be the discrepancy

between observed and expected frequency. The formula for computing X2 is

∑ (O - E) 2 / E.

42

Findings of the study

48% of people think that that India can become a corruption free country in

Modi govt.

62% of people think that every one of the country is corrupted.

52% think this bill will be failed to control corruption.

55% people think that corruption can’t bring prosperity.

84% people said that yes corruption can effects the economic growth of a

country.

65% people are with the support of e-governance.

70% people thinks that Modi in an honest PM of India.

91% people thinks that strict law should be create to control corruption in

INDIA.

95% people think that police system of India is very much corrupted.

48% people think that Indian Defense is not corrupted.

75% people think that the judiciary system of India is very much corrupted.

70% people think that the IAS/IPS/PCs of India are very much corrupted.

82% people think that corruption lies from bottom to top level.

80% people think that the Media is very much corrupted.

71% people believe that corruption is a World Wide problem.

43

LIMITATION

In every research there are some limitations and this research project is

no exception.

LIMITATION ON THE PART OF THE RESPONDENTS:

1. Some respondents were not interested in filling the forms.

2. Some of them are not cooperative.

3. Hospitals employees specially try to avoid filling the form.

4. People of rich class are tried to avoid the questionnaire.

LIMITATION OF TIME:

Time availability was one of the biggest limitations face. Due to

shortage of time we had to limit the work in its present form

LIMITATION OF COST:

Money was also one of the major constraints while conducting this

research.

OTHER LIMITATIONS:

1. Since we didn’t have any previous research work, so it may

have led to discrepancies in the report.

2. As area was wide we have to travel a lot.

3. The distance and transportation were faced by us.

44

Suggestions

After doing marketing research project, We found that

1. Get the research question right. Know what you really want to

know and how you will use the information in decision support.

2. Select and sample the right population

3. Develop questionnaires with a logical flow

4. Use question formats that are easy for respondents to manage

45

Bibliography

Books

Jr., W. Boyd Harper, Marketing Research( Text And Cases),all India traveler book seller,

7th

edition (Page 264-302)

Malhotra K. Naresh, Marketing Research (An applied Orientation), Research design,

(Prentice hall of India Pvt. 5th

edition, Page 187-190).

Kotler,Philip, marketing management(Pearson publication 13th

edition, page 100 – 120)

Webpages

http://www.transparencyindia.org/

http://www.transparency.org/

http//www.google.com/

http//www.wikipedia.com/

http://www.transparencyindia.org/

http://www.transparency.org/

46

Annexure “PEOPLE’S PERCEPTION ON CORRUPTION”

Kindly extend your co-operation in filling up this Questionnaire and enable to

conduct the research successfully.

Personal Information

Name:- Occupation:-

Mobile No:- Gender:- M / F

Address:- Age: -

QUESTIONNAIRE

1) Do you think INDIA will become a Corruption free country in Modi

Govt.?


2) Who is responsible for Corruption?

a)Government b)Public c)System d)All

3) Do you think Jan Lokpal Bill is itself capable to control Corruption?


4) Do you think Corruption can bring prosperity?

a)Yes b) No c) Don’t know

5) Does Corruption adversely affect economic growth in downsizing?

a) Yes b) No c)

6) E-governance can reduce Corruption from INDIA?

a) Agree b) Disagree c)Can’t say

7) Modi is an honest PM.

a)Yes b) No c) Can’t say

8) The central Govt. should bring a strict law to reduce Corruption. a) Yes b) No c) Can’t say

9) Is there any Corruption in Police? a) Yes b) No c) Don’t Know

10) Do you think Corruption in Defense is maximum? a) Yes b) No c) Can’t say

11) Is there any Corruption in Judiciary System of INDIA? a) Yes b) No c) Don’t Know

12) Are public servant like IPS/IAS/PCs are Corrupted? a) Yes b) No c) Can’t say

13) Do you believe that Corruption lies from bottom to top level?


14) Is there any Corruption in Media?


15) Do you think Corruption is a World Wide problem?


47

CONCLUSION

In New Delhi, Noida, Gr. Noida Region,

This research is actually not a marketing

research. The research is based on the conception and perception of people about

Herbal products. We faced various limitations in conducting research that is

“PEOPLE’S PERCEPTION ON CORRUPTION”. We have tried our level best to

find out their views regarding Effect of reservation system. We had a great

experience while conducting the research because we met many corporate people

as well as School College going in various fields and collecting their views

regarding the research. We visited places like, NOIDA, GREATER NOIDA.

Analytical tools of research are deficient and can’t give us precise idea,

especially on the behavioral, as aspect. We had completed our research project in

which there are many helping hands involved. In spite of few limitation we found

that the research is a challenging and fruitful.

We had completed our research project in which there are many helping

hands involved. Specially my faculty Mrs. Reeta mam who guided me in every

aspect of my project completion. In spite of that this marketing research was quite

challenging & tough.

utsav mr project 1

Documents

business management

marketing research faculty

institute time

research methodology

type of project

original project respondents

human resource management

emerging field of management