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INDUSTRIALREVOLUTION

Beginsmid18thcenturyinBri>an,thenNewEnglandandtheNothereasternU.S

WhatisINDUSTRIALREVOLUTION

Developmentofnewproduc>onmethods,sourceofpower

(steam,coal)

ShiKinproduc>onofgoodsfromsmall-scaleprivate,andar>sanaltomechanizedandmass

produc>on.

Developmentoffactoriesandmills.

A Watt steam engine in Madrid. The

development of the steam engine

propelled the Industrial Revolution

in Britain. The steam engine was

created to pump water from coal

mines, enabling them to be

deepened beyond groundwaterlevels.CreatedbyUtsavAnurag

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This>meperiodsawthemechaniza>onofagricultureandtex>lemanufacturinganda

revolu>oninpowerandhadamassiveeffecton

social,culturalandeconomiccondi>ons.

Landsconvertedfromfarmingtosheepraising,leavingfarmworkerswithoutjobs

TheIndustrialRevolu>onwasafundamentalchangeinthewaygoodswereproduced,

fromhumanlabortomachines

Themoreefficientmeansofproduc>onandsubsequenthigherlevelsofproduc>ontriggered

far-reachingchangestoindustrializedsocie>es

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REASON

Tomakeworkeasy. Produceinbulk. save>me. EconomicDevelopment

PropelledbyPopula>ongroth.

Popula>onGrowth. Earliermarriagesandmorechildren

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RESULT

Machines were invented which replacedhuman labor.

New energy sources were developed topower the new machinery water, steam,electricity, oil .

Increased use of metals and mineralsAluminum, coal, copper, iron, etc.

Transportation improved, Communication improved.TelegraphTelephoneRadio

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Massproduc>onofgoods Increasednumbersofgoods Increaseddiversityofgoodsproduced.

Developmentofcapitalism Financialcapitalforcon>nuedindustrial

growth

Developmentandgrowthofnewsocio-economicclasses

Workingclass,bourgeoisie,andwealthyindustrialclass

Commitmenttoresearchanddevelopment Investmentsinnewtechnologies Industrialandgovernmentalinterestin

promo>nginven>on,thesciences,and

overallindustrialgrowth. CreatedbyUtsavAnurag

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cutdownonmanpower's.Riseofthemidddleclass.

Romen>sism. RiseofartandcraKmovement

Endoffreedelisam.

IntricateworkwasgoneCapitalism

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ART&CRAFTMOVEMNT

TheideaoftheArtsandCraKsMovementrepresentedareac>onagainstthemoralandmaterialconsequencesof

theindustrialrevolu>on.

Introduc8on

StartedinEnglandinthelatenineteenthcentury.

Itwasledbythear>standwriterWilliamMorrisandwasinspiredbythewri>ngsofJohnRuskin.

ItwasareformistmovementthatinfluencedBri>shand

Americanarchitecture,decora>vearts,cabinetmaking,craKs,andeventhe"co^age.

Thepeakpointforthemovementwasbetweenapproximately1880and1910.

1880to1910

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Themovementencompassednotjustfurniturebutalsoarchitecture,ceramics,metalwork,wallpaperandstain

glass.Brown,green,black,yellowtoneswereprevalentacrossallfields;aswasanemphasisonquality

workmanship.

Armchair Chandelier

Inthisperiod,manufacturedgoodswereoKenpoorindesignandquality.

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Thiswasthemovement,whichchallengedthetastesoftheVictorian

era.

Thiswasavisionofasocietyinwhichtheworkerwasnottreatroughlyby

theworkingcondi>onsfoundin

factories,butrathercouldtakepride

inhiscraKsmanshipandskill.

Theriseofaconsumerclasscoincidedwiththeriseofmanufactured

consumergoods.

Itwasendatearly20thcentury.

Theyusednaturalmaterialandhandmadegoods.

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Reason

Toshowthereintricatework,whichwasnotdonebymachines.

Topromoteareturntohand-craKsmanshipandtodeclarethecrea>veindependenceof

individualcraKspeople.

Itwasareac>onagainsttheindustrializedsocietythathadboomedinBritaininthe

Victorianperiod,andaimedforsocialas

wellasar>s>creform.

Peoplefeltthatmassproduc>onwaskillingtheapprecia>onofhand-craKedar>sanship.

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Topromoteallaspectsofinteriordecora>onasequaltoarchitectureinthecrea>onofthe"house

beau>ful. ToelevatethestatusoflaborandcraKatthe

expenseoftheentrepreneuror"greatman

Toadvocatewomen'sabili>esasleaders,reformers,and

professionals.

Toameliorateurbanillsandsocialaliena>onthroughsupport

forruralindustriesand

communitarianventures

CraKsmangotthereiden>tyback.

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WorksfromartandcraKmovement

LibrarytableARTIST Brooch,necklace,andhaircombARTIST

GustavS>ckleyFlorenceoehler

ARTISTFrankLloydWright ARTIST William MorrisARTIST William Morris