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UTME 2010 HISTORY 1. The savannah region of Nigeria is

characterized by A. sparse vegetation B. high population density C. abundant resources D. large bodies of water. 2. A major economic activity among the

Nupe was A. horse breeding B. leather work C. canoe-building D. cattle rearing. 3. The main features of the economy of the

forest zone of Nigeria in the eighteenth century were

A. pastoral farming and fishing B. fishing and salt-making C. cotton cultivation and weaving D. cash crop production and trading. 4. The spread of Islam between the 11th and

14th centuries in Nigeria was largely due to

A. Arab missionary activities B. the waging of jihads C. trade and commerce D. absence of any religion in the area. 5. A significant effect of the Christian

missionary activitiy in Nigeria was the A. introduction of formal education B. training of nationalists C. introduction of new crops D. abolition of the slave trade. 6. An outstanding reason for the abolition of

the trans-Atlantic slave trade was A. industrial revolution B. nationalist agitation

C. legitimate trade D. railway construction. 7. A major factor that led to the success of

the Sokoto jihad was A. military assistance from Borno B. lack of unity among the Hausa states C. the use of fire-arms by the jihadists D. periodic divine interventions. 8. Which of the following was a part of the

Sokoto Caliphate? A. Kukawa. B. Yauri. C. Biu. D. Lokoja. 9. The legendary founder of the Kanuri was A. Ali Ghaji B. Idris b. Ali Katagarmabe C. Idris Alooma D. Sayf b. dhi Yazan. 10. The Queen mother, Magira, played a

prominent role in the government of the A. Hausa States B. Kwararafa Kingdom C. Kanem Borno Empire D. Igala Kingdom. 11. The Ekiti Parapo was an alliance against A. the Muslim incursion into

Yorubaland B. the rising power of Ibadan C. Christian missionary presence in

Yorubaland D. the abolition of the slave trade. 12. The Oyo Empire collapsed as a result of A. internal and external crises B. the revolt of Afonja C. the weakening of the army D. British presence in Yorubaland.

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13. The failure of the Ogiso dynasty in Benin

was attributed to A. weakness and dependence of the

rulers B. peoples’ resentment against the

system C. the declining economy of the state D. inadequate supply of arms and

ammunition. 14. The greatest ruler in the history of Benin

Kingdom was A. Oba Ewuare B. Oba Ewedo C. Oba Ovonramwen D. Oba Ewuakpe. 15. Armed resistance to British rule in

Northern Nigeria ended with the conquest of

A. Kano and Sokoto B. Bida and Kano C. Katsina and Kano D. Bauchi and Katsina. 16. The Colony and Protectorate of Lagos was

amalgameted with the Protectorate of Southern Nigeria in 1906 to form the

A. Colony and Protectorate of Southern

Nigeria B. Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria C. Protectorate of Southern Nigeria D. Oil Rivers Protectorate. 17. A reason for the amalgamation of the

Northern and Southern protectorates of Nigeria in 1914 was

A. economic expediency B. territorial integration C. political balancing D. religious harmony. 18. The Nigerian Council established in 1914

was ineffective because it A. was not designed to be so B. lacked sufficient funds C. had too many vocal members D. was dominated by hand-picked

members. 19. Two institutions of local government in

Nigeria during the colonial period were native courts and

A. legislative council B. regional treasury C. native treasury D. native police. 20. Certain chiefs in Eastern Nigeria were

called warrant chiefs because they A. had some royal connections B. were created by the British C. had warrants to arrest offenders D. were the first to receive Western

education. 21. In colonial Nigeria, mining industry was

promoted in order to A. diversify the economy B. engage the railway system C. make Nigeria self-reliant D. maximize exploitation. 22. The colonial government in Nigeria laid

more emphasis on the production of export crops because

A. the people already had abundant

food in stock B. such crops were desperately needed

abroad

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C. such crops were more beneficial to the people

D. the soil was more suitable for the production of such crops.

23. The Yaba Higher College did not meet the aspirations of the nationalists because

A. all its staff were Europeans B. it was meant to train assistants to

Europeans C. only Europeans were qualified for

admission D. it was affiliated to a polytechnic in

Europe. 24. The 1922 Clifford Constitution restricted

the franchise to A. Calabar and Benin B. Lagos and Calabar C. Lagos and Warri D. Warri and Lokoja. 25. The political parties that formed the

opposition during the First Republic in Nigeria were the

A. NCNC and AG B. AG and UMBC C. NCNC and NEPU D. UMBC and NEPU. 26. The creation of Mid-Western region in

1963 was through A. balloting B. referendum C. declaration D. voting. 27. The immediate cause of the January 1966

coup d’etat was A. the breakdown of law and order in

the West B. the desire of the military to seize

power C. the failure of the 1963 census

D. interferance by foreign powers. 28. Which of the following countries did the

Murtala/Obasanjo regime assist during their struggle for independence?

A. Guinea Bissau and Namibia. B. Angola and Zimbabwe. C. Sierra Leone and Equitorial Guinea. D. The Gambia and Tanzania. 29. The Second Republic in Nigeria refers to

the period A. General Babangida was Head of State B. between 1979 and 1983 C. General Obasanjo was Head of State D. the period between 1960 and 1966. 30. Which of the following political parties

formed an alliance in the Second Republic?

A. UPN and NPN. B. PRP and NPP. C. NPN and NPP. D. PRP and UPN. 31. The political party that controlled the

Federal Government during the Second Republic in Nigeria was the

A. Great Nigeria Peoples Party B. Nigeria Peoples Party C. Unity Party of Nigeria D. National Party of Nigeria. 32. The main aim of the formation of

ECOMOG was to A. foster stability in West Africa B. solve boundary disputes among

member states C. provide security for the whole of

Africa D. tackle the problem of piracy in

African seaways.

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33. A major contribution of Nigeria to ECOWAS is in the area of

A. diplomacy B. funding C. military support D. provision of education. 34. Samori Toure is often described as the

“African Napoleon” because he A. was a great military tactician B. learned a great deal from Napoleon C. employed similar tactics as Napoleon D. had a well trained army. 35. A major similarity of the 19th century

jihads in West Africa was that A. they were executed at the same time B. the participants were of the same

origin C. they had a common objective D. they brought unity between the

Hausa and the Fulani. 36. The greatest contribution of the Christian

Missionary Society in West Africa was in A. establishing trading companies B. stopping the slave trade C. the emergence of educated elite D. the production of cash crop. 37. Egypt became the centre of international

rivalry because of the A. huge investment in the Suez-canal B. rich soil for cotton and sugar

cultivation C. great cities of Cairo and Alexandria D. strategic importance of the country. 38. Muhammad es Sadek was a 19th century

ruler of A. Morocco B. Libya

C. Tunisia D. Algeria. 39. Muhammad Ahmad was easily accepted

as the Mahdi in the Sudan because A. the Islamic leaders in the area did

not live up to the expectations of the people

B. he came at a time the people were expecting to be delivered from the Egyptian rulers

C. the national army was not strong enough to defend the country

D. he was highly educated in the tenants of the Islamic religion.

40. After leaving Oman for East Africa, Sayyid

Said established his headquarters in A. Zanzibar B. Pemba C. Mombasa D. Kilwa. 41. In 1887, a plot to depose Kabaka Mwanga

was hatched by A. a Muslim group B. Baganda Christians C. Arab slave merchants D. Egyptian mercenaries. 42. An Ethiopian monarch that committed

suicide in a battle field was A. Theodore II B. Menelik C. Johannes IV D. Haile Selassie. 43. The white settlers in Southern Africa were

known as A. Bantu B. Boers C. Bushmen D. Hottentots. 44. The Mfecane occured as a result of

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A. long standing inter-group rivalry B. inter-group struggles for natural

resources C. Ndwandwe’s domination of the Zulu D. Shaka’s inordinate military ambition. 45. The Fashoda incident of 1898 resulted in a

rift between A. France and Germany B. Germany and Britain C. France and Italy D. Britain and France. 46. Paternalism was a colonial policy adopted

by A. Britain B. Portugal C. Germany D. France. 47. Where was indirect rule practised before it

was introduced to Africa? A. India. B. Malaysia. C. Pakistan. D. Indonesia.

48. The indirect rule system of administration

meant that the colonialists

A. ruled through native courts

B. barred the educated elite from local

politics

C. ruled through traditional institutions

D. relied mostly on local interpreters.

49. In post-apartheid South Africa, the main

concern of government is to

A. punish the people who perpetrated apartheid

. B. redress the injustices of the

apartheid policy C. make the country the giant of Africa

D. make the country a permanent

member of the UN Security Council

50. The Ogaden war between Ethiopia and

Somalia was caused by

A. disagreement over trade

B. refugee problems C. boundary disputes

D. personality clash between their

leaders. 2010 UTME ANSWERS 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. D 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. A 14. A 15. A 16. A 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. B 21. D 22. B 23. B 24. B 25. B 26 B 27. A 28. B 29. B

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30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. C 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. A 41. A 43. B 44. B 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. C UTME 2002 HISTORY Type: K 1. The ethnic groups that occupy the

hinterland of the Bight of Benin include the A. Edo, the Yoruba and the

Urhobo B. Itsekiri, the Igbo and the Idoma C. Yoruba, the Jukun and the Efik D. Igbo, the Ibibio and the Tiv 2. The Nok culture is associated with the

archaelogical findings at A. Ile-Ife B. Benin C. Taruga D. Igbo Ukwu. 3. In the pre-colonial period, the Aku of

Wukari derived his power mainly from A. the strength of his army B. the role as a supplier of slaves C. his control of trade routes D. his spiritual influence in the

kingdom. 4. The last ruler of the Ogiso dynasty in

the Benin Empire was A. Oba Eweka B. Oba Owodo

C. Oba Oranmiyan D. Oba Ewuare. 5. The Olu of Itsekiri was assisted in his

administration by a council of chiefs called

A. Ogboni B. Ekpako C. Ekine D. Ojoye. 6. In pre-colonial Nigeria, the Nsibidi form

of writing was found in the A. Niger-Benue Confluence B. Cross River Area C. Niger Delta D. Anambra River Valley. 7. The Bayajidda tradition suggests that

A. Hausa ancestors came from Arabia

B. women exercised political power in pre-Islamic Hausaland

C. the introduction of Islam led to the formation of the Hausa city states

D. The Queen of Daura was the first to embrace Islam. 8. Which of the following rulers of Kano

promoted Islam to a state religion? A. Kanajeji B. Rumfa C. Yaji D. Abdullahi 9. The correspondence between Sokoto

and Borno during the jihad was entered on the A. qualification for a true Muslin

to perform the hajj B. justification of the jihad against

an Islamic state C. declaration of the jihad against

non-Muslims D. difference between traditional

religion and Islam. 10. Which of the following areas did Malam

Alimi incorporate into the Sokoto Caliphate?

A. Bida B. Ilorin C. Adamawa

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D. Bauchi 11. The most powerful states that emerged

after the fall of the Old Oyo were A. Owu and Abeokuta B. Ijaiye and Ife C. Ibadan and Ijaiye D. New Oyo and Ibadan. 12. The 1886 Treaty is significant in Yoruba

history because it A. brought peace and stability to

Yorubaland B. affirmed Ekitiparapo’s

independence C. was negotiated by two Yoruba

repatriates D. reopened trade between Lagos

and the hinterland. 13. Intensified European activity along the

coast in the nineteenth century led Benin to

A. redirect her trade to the north B. lose control of some vassal

states C. expel Christian missionaries D. embark on a cultural revival in

the area. 14. It was difficult for the Nigerian coastal

chiefs to give up the slave trade after its abolition because A. it had been part of African

culture B. Africans were too involved to

give up the trade C. the British Navy was not

effective in enforcing the abolition

D. the trade was still crucial to the economy of their states.

15. The ruler that was driven out of Lagos by the British was

A. Oba Akintoye B. Oba Dosumu C. Oba Kosoko D. Oba Adele. 16. Which of the following played the

greatest role in the British conquest of Nigeria?

A. The John Holt Company

B. The Royal Niger Company C. The Church Missionary Society D. The Roman Catholic Mission. 17. Chief Agho Obaseki is remembered is

Benin history because A. he collaborated with the British

to suppress the monarchy B. he was regarded as a true

patriot C. he played an important role in

the restoration of the monarchy D. Oba Aguobasimi delegated a lot

of powers to him. 18. An influential advocate of the

amalgamation of the Northern and Southern Protectorates was

A. E.D. morel B. Otunba Payne C. John Beecroft D. Henry Carr 19. The Native Authority Ordinance of 1916

introduced direct taxation into Yorubaland and thereby A. gave greater administrative and

judicial responsibilities to the Oba

B. made Yorubaland a beneficiary of British aid

C. encouraged the appointment of more British officials

D. involved the educated elite in colonial administration.

20. The colonial officer who was responsible for splitting the Southern Province in to Eastern and Western Provinces was

A. Bernard Bourdillon B. Graeme Thompson C. Hugh Clifford D. Frederick Lugard. 21. The 1945 General Strike was led by A. Herbert Macaulay B. Michael Imoudu C. Wahab Goodluck D. Olufunmilayo Ransome-Kuti. 22. The objective of the 1934 legislation

imposing quotas on imported goods from non-British sources was to

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A. develop Nigerian industries B. increase Nigeria’s Gross

National Product C. exclude cheap Japanese textiles D. regulate trade between Nigeria

and other countries. 23. The Tin Producers’ Association was

formed in 1929 to A. increase the production of tin B. alleviate the hardship of miners C. regulate the supply of tin D. introduce modern methods of

production. 24. One major inadequacy of the Richards

Constitution was that A. it was introduced without due

and exhaustive consultations B. the official members of the

legislature were too many C. it could not solve Nigeria’s

economic and social problems D. it did not cater for the interest

of the minorities. 25. A major recommendation of the Henry

Willink Commission was the A. protection of special interests B. creation of more administrative

units C. inclusion of a bill of rights in the

1960 Constitution D. need to ensure the educational

rights of the people. 26. The political party with the most radical

orientation in the First Republic was the A. NEPU B. NPC C. NCNC D. AG. 27. The Premier of the Eastern Region of

Nigeria in 1962 was A. Chief Michael Okpara B. Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe C. Dr. Akanu Ibiam D. Mr. Ukpabi Asika. 28. The Nigerian National Alliance won the

1964 Federal Election by a landslide because the

A. party was popular with the masses

B. United Progressive Grand Alliance boycotted it

C. opposition parties were poorly organized

D. party represented the aspirations of the minority groups.

29. One enduring legacy of the Gowon Regime was the A. establishment of the National

Youth Service corps Scheme B. diversification of the Nigerian

economy C. institution of probity and public

accountability D. establishment of the Technical

Aid Corps Scheme. 30. Which of the following served as a

commander of the ECOMOG? A. Bashir Magashi B. Victor Malu C. Ishaya Bamaiyi D. Sam Tella. 31. Samori Toure adopted the ‘scorched

earth’ policy in his A. military recruitment and

training B. Islamic reform movement C. war against the French D. war against rebellious

neighbours. 32. Sierra Leone was very important in the

history of West Africa during the colonial period as a A. centre for the spread of

Christianity B. place for the spread of African

culture C. centre for the export of African

goods D. leading producer of cotton. 33. Mohammed Ali was able to gain

effective control of Egypt A. by defeating the Wahabis B. by eliminating the Mamluks C. with the support of the Felahin

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D. with the support of the French. 34. The first Magherebian state to be

detached from the Ottoman Empire by the French was

A. Tunisia B. Libya C. Morocco D. Algeria. 35. Under the Qaramanli rulers, the

economy of Libya depend on A. agriculture and slave trade B. piracy and trade C. taxation and tribute D. war booties and tolls. 36. The French occupation of Morocco in

1912 was formalized by the A. signing of the Treaty of Frez B. arrival of French troops C. departure of the Germans D. deposition of the Sultan. 37. A major impact of the Omani on East

Africa was the A. spread of Islam B. emergence of states C. improvement in agriculture D. introduction of the slave trade. 38. The prime minister in the kingdom of

Buganda was known as A. Mugema B. Katikiro C. Kabaka D. Omuwanika. 39. The greatest achievement of Mutesa II

in Buganda was his A. ability to resist European

imperialism B. conquest of large territories C. diplomacy in dealing

with foreigners D. management of religious crises. 40. The economic reforms of Theodore II of

Ethiopia involved the A. encouragement of slave trade B. improvement of agriculture C. reorganization of the

fiscal system D. revival of external trade.

41. The outbreak of the Mfecane is attributable to

A. the tragic death of Dingiswayo B. Dingiswayo’s attempt to

impose a European model of administration C. the search for grazing and

habitable land D. the flight of the Swazi

northwards. 42. The first Boer republic established as a

result of the Great Trek was A. Transvaal B. the Cape C. the Orange Free State D. Natal. 43. The European power that acquired the

largest number of territories in West Africa was

A. Britain B. Germany C. Belgium D. France. 44. The French policy of assimilation failed

primarily because A. Africans lacked the required

level of education B. It was expensive to implement C. it required total rejection of

African culture D. no African sought to be

assimilated. 45. The Mau Mau revolt in Kenya had its

origin in the A. colonial government’s inability

to provide essential services to the people

B. imprisonment of Jomo Kenyatta by the colonial administration

C. occupation of Kikuyu land by the British

D. inherent militancy of the Kikuyu.

46. One of the achievements of the National congress of British West Africa was the A. introduction of the elective

principle

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B. establishment of democracy C. propagation of Christianity D. establishment of newspapers. 47. Amilcar Cabral led the liberation

struggle against Portuguese domination is

A. Angola B. Mozambique C. Guinea Bissau D. Cape Verde. 48. The immediate reaction of the

Commonwealth to the Sharpeville massacre was the A. expulsion of South Africa from

the organization B. invitation of South Africa to a

negotiation C. organization of anti-apartheid

conferences D. declaration of an anti-apartheid

year. 49. The leader of the South African Black

consciousness Movement who died in detention in 1977 was

A. Walter Sisulu B. Albert Luthuli C. Robert Sobukwe D. Steve Biko. 50. The president Transvaal who led the

Boers against the Britist was A. J. Smuts B. P. Kruger C. L. Jameson D. L. Botha. History 2002 solutions 1. Option A

The Edo, the Yoruba and the Urbobo are located in the hinterland of the Bight of Biafra while the Idoma, jukeun and Tiv can be found in the Middle Belt Zone.

2. Option C Such findings at Ile-Ife, Benin and Igbo Ukwu are associated with the artistic culture of their respective names which are regarded as off-shoot of theose of Nok.

3. Option D 4. Option B

Oranmiyan, Eweka and Ewuare belong to the Oranimyan Dynasty. 5. Option D 6. Option B It was found among the Ekoi groups of the Cross River area. 7. Option B

It indicated that Daura was ruled by a queen who offered to many Bayajidda in gratitude for killing the sacred snake Sarki that hitherto allowed her subject to draw water from the only well in the town only on Fridays.

8. Option B 9. Option B

Borno had demanded for an explanation from Sokoto why the latter should extend the Islamic Jihad to the farmer which was another Mushin state.

10. Option B 11. Option C 12. Option D

The Ekiti parapo war had led to frequent interruption of trade between Lagos and the interior leading to loss of a lot of revenue.

13. Option B 14. Option D

The trade was very lucrative as participants made enormous revenue from it and were not ready to abandon it for any other type of trade the value of which they had not yet known.

15. Option A Akintoye was favoured because of his agreement with the British to abolish slave trade in his domain; Dosumu succeeded Akintoye; Adele was a predecessor of the other three.

16. Option B The Royal Niger Company was charted to administer the British territories around the River Niger, so it employed the services of Captain Lord Lugard to establish its authority over the area.

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17. Option A 18. Option A

Morel had argued for a strong central legislature but recognized the need for local autonomy.

19. Option A 20. Option A

The splitting of the southern Province into East and West was done on April 1st, 1939 during the tenure of Boudillon was Governor (1935-43); Thompson was governor from 1925-31, Clifford from 1919-1925 and Lugard 1914-19.

21. Option B Goodluck was a trade union leader in the 1970’s Macaulay a nationalist in the colonial days while Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti was a woman detorist.

22. Option C 23. Option C

Unrestricted production of the mineral would lead to the fall in pricest.

24. Option A 25. Option C 26. Option A

The party championed the interest of the local populace - the talakawas i.e. it sought to change the status – quo, a move which made the tradition rulers to distance themselves from the party.

27. Option A Dr. Nnamdi Azikwe had relinguished his position as Premier in 1959 and later became the first indigenous Governor-General at independence; he was succeeded by Dr. Okpara Akanu Ibiam was the Regional Governor while Ukpabi Asika was the Administrator of the East Central state under Gowon between 1967 and 1975.

28. Option B UPGA boycotted the election because there were perceived irregularities even in the pre-election preparations e.g. filing of nomination papers.

29. Option A Nigeria’s economy in the region rested almost entirely on petroleum; the

regime was one of the most corrupt in Nigeria’s political history; the Technical Aid Corps was established under the Military Administration of Olusegun Obasanjo.

30. Option B 31. Option C 32. Option A

The captured slaves that were resettled there were converted to Christianity which later had a profound effect on the local people.

33. Option C 34. Option D

After Algeria, Turkish rule spread to Tunisia and later Libya, Morocco never came under Turkish rule.

35. Option B 36. 37. Option A

Islam had an all-pervading impact on the entire East African region.

38. Option B 39. Option C 40. Option C

Theodore II introduced many reforms that led to a steady increase in the revenue accruing to Ethiopia.

41. Option C Tribes defeated in battle fled and as they came across new bands of people attacked them and those that were victorious took the cattle and land of such conquered people.

42. Option D 43. Option D

Britain acquired only four territories, Germany two, Belgium none and France nine.

44. Option C African culture hand become part and parcel of the black man’s life; he found it difficult to totally abandon such a culture which he had been used to over many years to embrace a totally different one.

45. Option C

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46. Option A The Hugh Clifford constitution introduced the elective principle which allowed three members of the Legislative Council in Nigeria to be elected from Lagos and one in Calabar.

47. Option C Angola was led by Agostinho neto and Mozambique by Samora Machel and Cape Verde by Aristides Pereira.

48. Option A 49. Option D

Luthuli was the leader of the ANC, Walter Sisulu was a prominent member of the ANC who was arrested and jailed for organizing passive resistance to apartheid laws before being released along with Nelson Mandela in 1990. Biko was a South African student leader who was tortured to death in prison for his opposition to apartheid policies.

50. Option B. UTME 2008 HISTORY 1. In the Ekine society of the Niger Delta,

promotion was based on A. artistic ability B. the number of slaves possessed C. respect for age D. personal conduct. 2. Which of the following groups belongs

to the Jos Plateau? A. Gbagyi and Nupe B. Idoma and Igede C. Berom and Angas D. Jukun and Tiv. 3. The emergence of states in Hausaland

was mainly attributed to A. trading activities B. wars of conquest C. immigration of groups D. population increase. 4. In the 18th century, Zaria was under the

influence of A. Sokoro B. Daura C. Kano

D. Borno. 5. Islam was introduced in Kano during the

reign of A. Sarkin Kano Ibrahim Dabo B. Sarkin Kano Kanajeji C. Sarkin Kano Muhammadu

Rumfa D. Sarkin Kano Yaji. 6. A major cause of depopulation in

Nigeria in the 18th century was A. the trans-Atlantic slave trade B. the trans-Saharan trade C. human sacrifice D. inter-ethnic warfare. 7. The Sokoto Jihad was

A. the first Islamic movement in West Africa

B. an attempt to establish Fulani dominance

C. the last of the 19th century Jihads

D. the origin of the other Jihads in West Africa.

8. The women who wielded political influence in Borno were

A. Magara, Magira and Gumsu B. Gumsu, Daurama and Magira C. Turunku, Magara and Gumsu D. Daurama, Turunku and

Kaugama. 9. Which of the following pionnered

Christian missionary activities in Calabar?

A. Mary Slessor B. William Baike C. Thomas Freeman D. Hope Waddell. 10. A factor responsible for the growth of

large towns among the Yoruba was the A. absence of conflict in the area B. concentration of Europeans in

the area C. fertile nature of the soil in the

area D. high centralization of authority

in the area.

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11. The greatest problem faced by the Old Oyo Empire in the early 19th century was the A. weakening of the central

authority B. incursion of the jihadists

C. British encroachment into Yorubaland

D. dominant influence of Bashorun Gaha.

12. The Egba welcomed the British missionaries in the 19th century because

A. they wanted British protection B. of their desire to accept

Christianity C. of their quest for Western

education D. they wanted to established

trade with the British. 13. The main cause of the decline of the

Benin Kingdom in the 19th century was the A. absence of a strong and

effective army B. bitter struggle for the throne by

the ruling families C. strained relations between

Benin and Agbor D. British abolition of the trans-

Atlantic slave trade. 14. One of the early Nigerian leaders who

collaborated with British and later resisted was

A. King Jaja of Opobo B. Nana of Itsekiri C. sultan Attahiru D. king Dappa Williams. 15. The Royal Niger Company was renamed A. British West African Company B. United African Company C. Lever Brothers NigeriaPlc D. Leventis Nigeria Plc. 16. The British policy of indirect rule sought

to A. encourage the educated elite to

participate in local administration

B. make the indigenous political institutions adapt to British system of Government

C. use indigenous political institutions to serve British interest

D. promote co-operation between the educated elite and the indigenous rulers..

17. The principal target of the Aba Women demonstrators of 1929 were the

A. Warrant chiefs B. European traders C. Christian missionaries

D. Court clerks. 18. Which of the following were former

British colonies? A. Nigeria, Ghana, Gambia and

Liberia B. Cameroon, Togo, Egypt and

Ghana C. Sierra Leone, Gambia, Nigeria

and Ghana D. Nigeria, Ghana, Senegal and

South Africa. 19. Transportation network in colonial

Nigeria was established to A. ease local transportation

problem of women B. encourage visits among distant

relations C. support the movement of raw

materials and the army D. provide employment for the

people. 20. In colonial Nigeria, export crop

production was dominated by A. the Europeans B. the Labanese C. peasant farmers D. indigenous middlemen. 21. Sabon Gari settlement in most parts of

colonial Nigeria harboured mostly A. people other than the indigenes B. indigenes who were Muslims C. strangers who were Muslims

only

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D. European traders and missionaries.

22. The Richards Constitution of 1946 brought about

A. decolonization B. independence C. a strong central government D. regional politics. 23. The Native Authority system in

Northern Nigerian was established to A. assist in the collection of taxes

and general administration B. regulate the number of

European District Officers C. streamline electoral laws in the

area D. support the spread of Christian

missionary activities. 24. Anti-colonial movements Nigeria before

the World War II involved A. attempts to violently chase the

British out of the country B. collaboration with the British

authority C. peaceful protests through

petitions and conferences D. the establishment of pressure

groups by traditional rulers. 25. Politics in Nigeria’s First republic was

characterized by A. religion and ethnicity B. religion and regionalism C. ethnicity and regionalism D. regionalism and despotism. 26. In 1963, the Eastern region of Nigeria

went to the supreme court over the A. decision of the federal

government to conduct a fresh census

B. exclusion of Easterners resident in the North from the census

C. the population figures of the national census

D. exclusion of women in the national census.

27. The immediate cause of the Nigerian Civil War was the

A. coup detat of January 1966

B. crisis in the Western region C. poor social policy of the First

Republic D. crisis of the 1962 Census. 28. The major reason for Nigeria’s interest

in the Liberian Civil War was to save herself from A. bearing the burden of the war’s

refugees B. losing her investments in

Liberia C. losing her citizens in Liberia D. losing her position as a regional

power. 29. The most significant act of

statesmanship associated with Abdulsalami regime was A. promulgate the 1999

Constitution B. handing over power to a civilian

government C. the release of political prisoners D. organizing successful general

elections. 30. The major feature of the War against

Indiscipline were A. queuing culture and

environmental sanitation B. public flogging and payment of

fines C. arrest of offenders and

imprisonment of convicts D. high slogans and beating of

drums. 31. Which of the following was referred to

as ‘Province of Freedom’ in the 19th century?

A. Liberia B. Ghana C. The Gambia D. Sierra Leone. 32. The early missionaries abandoned their

work in Benin mainly because of A. antagonism from the Oba B. resistance from the people C. lack of resources D. ill health and health.

15

33. In 1805, Muhammad Ali became the Pasha of Egypt as a result of

A. his leadership qualities B. the deposition of the sultan C. his military background D. the voluntary retirement of the

sultan. 34. The British occupied Egypt in 1882 to A. crush the Ahmad Urabi revolt B. open a new era in the history of

the country C. restore the authority of the

Khedive D. protect their interest in the

country. 35. French delay in occupying Algeria was

attributed to A. demographic reasons B. insufficient officials C. the people’s resistance D. fear of British reaction. 36. The Mahdiyya Movement in the sudan

was principally a reaction against A. internal oppression B. northern domination C. foreign pressures D. economic difficulties. 37. The reign of Sayyid said in East Africa

was marked by A. a gradual growth in Portuguese

influence B. decline in the slave trade C. crises at home and pirates at

sea D. the loss of Pate to the Mazrui. 38. By 1700, the Portuguese had been

expelled from all their coastal strongholds in East Africa by the

A. Arab traders B. English traders C. Belgium traders D. Indian traders. 39. One of the factors that attracted the

Europeans to East Africa was the desire A. for tropical produce B. for territorial expansion C. to establish Christian missions D. to spread Western education.

40. The rise of Shaka the Zulu was a result of the A. introduction of new military

tactics B. support he got from the Boer C. wealth he acquired

from heavy taxation D. decentralization of political

authority. 41. The dissatisfaction of the Boer with

British reforms at the Cape Colony made them to A. stage a rebellion against the

British B. negotiate peace settlement

with the British C. form a strong political

organization D. emigrate from the area. 42. The policy of separation of the races in

South Africa was first adopted in the Cape by the

A. British B. French C. Germans D. Boer. 43. The last European power to join the

race for colonies in Africa was A. France B. Portugal C. Germany D. Belgium. 44. The area later referred to as Cameroon

was mandated to A. France and Britain B. Portugal and Spain C. Belgium and Italy D. Germany and Belgium. 45. The British government took over the

control of the Colony of Sierra Leone in 1807 in order to use it as a A. major trading port in the West

African region B. centre for the spread of British

culture C. base for anti-slave trade naval

patrol

16

D. base to penet West African interior.

46. Nationalist’s resistance to colonialism in Africa was influenced by A. the level of literacy among the

people B. relations between the Africans

and Europeans C. the effect of Islamic religion on

the people D. the nature and character of the

leadership. 47. The nationalist leaders who played

prominent roles during Zimbabwe’s struggle for independence were A. Robert Mugabe and Joshua

Nkomo B. Abel Muzerewaand Kamuzu

Banda C. Sam Nujoma and Chris Hani D. Ndabaningi Sithole and

Augustiho Neto. 48. The principal anti-apartheid party in

South Africa was the A. African National Congress B. Afrikaner National Party C. National Party D. Unionist Congress. 49. The power that emerged after the First

World War was A. Great Britain B. Russia C. the USA D. Japan. 50. Northern Rhodesia, on becoming a

Crown Colony, was administered by the A. United Nations Organization B. Commonwealth of Nations C. British Foreign Affairs

Department D. British Colonial Office.

UTME 2008 Answers 1. Option A

Ekine society is a group of actors, drummers and dancers that is divided into adult and junior cadres.

2. Option C The Idoma and Tiv can be found in the Benue area, the Nupe in present Niger state and the Juleun in present Taraba State.

3. Option A 4. Option D

Daura was never militarily powerful; the power of Kano had waned as at the time under reference while Sokoto had not yet come to limelight.

5. Option D 6. Option A

The Trans-Saharan Trade which had been on for many centuries included several articles of trade of which slaves were later added; human sacrifice was only carried on a very small scale; inter-ethnic warfare took place majorly in the nineteenth century.

7. Option D The other Jihads wee offshoot of the Sokoto movement.

8. Option A 9. Option D

Freeman pioneered Methodist missionary activity in Yorubaland; Baikie led the 1857 missionary expedition to the North; Skessor worked together to abolish some negative traditional practices in Calabar.

10. Option C 11. Option A

The other options are the effects of the selected answer. 12. Option A 13. Option B

Civil strife broke out among rival claimants to the Benin throne thus weakening her central authority.

14. Option A Jaja entered into a treaty with the British but did not fully comprehend the

17

content of the agreement. When the implications later dawned on him, Jaja renounced the treaty.

15. Option B 16. Option C

The British saw no reason to dismantle the administrative system on ground before their coming as it was efficient.

17. Option A The Warrant chiefs were approved by the British without regard to the culture of the Igbo people.

18. Option C Cameroon was a German colony; Togo and Senegal French colonies while Liberia was never a colony.

19. Option C 20. Option C

Indigenous middlemen purchased the crops from the peasant farmers and sold them to European merchants.

21. Option A Strangers whether muslims or otherwise in each settlement were settle in quarters called Sabon Gari.

22. Option D It created three regions – the West, East and North.

23. Option A 24. Option C

Those protests were mainly against the marginalization of the educated elite from participating in the colonial government.

25. Option C 26. Option C

The result of the census had shown that the population of the North was larger than the addition of the figures of both the East and the West.

27. Option A 28. Option A

Nigeria was of the opinion that many of those displayed by the civil strife would stream to Nigeria as refuges and eventually overstretch her economy.

29. Option B 30. Option A

31. Option A Freed slaves from the United States were brought down and settled in Liberia. They were never colonized but remained free.

32. Option B The earliest missionaries to come to Benin were the catholics and as a result of shift opposition from the people, they left.

33. Option A 34. Option D 35. Option D

Britain also had vested interest to protect in Algeria and was likely not to welcome the French invasion.

36. Option C Khedwe Ismail of Egypt had attempted to suppress slave trade in Egypt and that would deal a devastating blow to the economy of the Sudan.

37. Option B 38. Option A

Arab traders from all the East African coastal states came together to expel the Portuguese who had become weak at that time.

39. Option B 40. Option A 41. Option D 42. Option D

The Boer – led government introduced the policy of apartheid- a policy of racial segregation.

43. Option B 44. Option A

A small strip of land in the North and West was given to Britain while the larger part was handed over the France.

45. Option C 46. Option D

Leaders of Nationalist movements were educated elite who were charismatic and did not compromise their antagonism to colonialism.

47. Option A Banda led his country Malawi to independence, Neto was at the

18

forefront of Angola’s nationalism, Nujoma in Namibia; Muzorewa and Sithole and were protégés of the Colonial Administration in Zimbabwe.

48. Option A 49. Option C Russia that was part of the Allied forces

withdrew in 1917 while the USA joined the war that same year running the tide against Germany.

50. Option D. 2012 UTME History 1. Which Question Paper Type of History

as indicated above is given to you? A) Type Green. B) Type Purple. C) Type Red. D) Type Yellow. 2. The Nok civilization suggests that

A) Nigeria passed through different stages of development

B) civilization in the area began with the Stone Age

C) the people of Nigeria came from the East

D) Nigerian civilization is related to that of Greek.

3. The development of mircoliths is associated with the

A) Middle Age Stone B) Late Stone Age C) Iron Age D) Early Stone Age. 4. In pre-colonial Nigeria, intergroup

contacts were encourage mostly by A) economic interdependence B) military alliance C) marriage ties D) political ties 5. Which of the following is the most

important source of the history of the Hausa states?

A) Tarikh-as Sudan. B) The European account. C) The Kano Chronicle. D) The Arab traders’ account.

6. The collapse of Kanem under Dunama Debalemi was attributed to A) poor economic system B) lack of a standing army C) conflict among the ruling class D) lack of a sound political

structure. 7. The Yoruba background to the Oba of

Benin is emphasized by the A) similarities of Benin and Ife arts B) similarities in their political

structures C) relationship between

Oranmiyan and Ogiso dynasties D) Oranmiyan legend in Benin

history. 8. European traders did not venture into

the interior of Nigeria before the 19th century because

A) they were ignorant of the area B) the African middlemen served

their needs C) of their fear of the African

middlemen D) they were very few in number. 9. The Africans transported across the

Atlantic as slaves were mostly A) people with criminal records B) able-bodied men C) disabled persons D) people with low income. 10. The jihadists emerged victorious in

Gobir because A) their cause was just B) the Hausa rulers were divided C) they had superior weapons D) the masses supported them. 11. Rabeh’s greatest challenge after

conquering Borno was A) normalizing relations with

Sokoto Caliphate B) rebuilding the armed forces C) reviving the ailing economy D) safeguarding the religion of

Islam. 12. Christianity spread fast in Nigeria

because it

19

A) was associated with Western education

B) had superior spiritual appeal C) preached social equality D) was opposed to oppression by

rulers. 13. Ibadan-Ijebu relations in the 19th

Century became hostile as a result of A) boundary disputes between

them B) succession to the Ijebu throne C) British annexation of Lagos D) Ibadan’s attempt to reach the

coast. 14. The Ekiti Parapo was aimed at

A) checking European inroad into Yorubaland

B) restoring the dignity of the Alaafin

C) reducing the powers of Ibadan D) forming a federated

government. 15. The Uzama title holders in Benin

Kingdom were responsible for A) advising the Oba in the

administration of the Kingdom B) punishing erring members of

the royal family C) defending the Kingdom from

external attacks D) settling disputes between the

Oba and other chiefs. 16. Britain suppressed the trans-Atlantic

slave trade because A) there was no more market for

slaves in America B) it had become very inhuman C) the Christian missions preached

against it D) it became unfavourable to her

industrial progress. 17. The main goal of the British expedition

against the Aro was to A) destroy the Ibini-Ukpabi oracle

B) eliminate all opposition to their presence in the hinterland

C) pave the way for the Christianization of Igboland

D) liberate the Igbo from Aro bondage.

18. A major reason for the introduction of indirect rule in Northern Nigeria was to A) ensure perfect control of the

economy B) further weaken the position of

the elite class C) assist the Christian missionaries

in their activities D) secure cheap labour for railway

construction. 19. Nationalist activities developed earlier

in British West Africa than in French West Africa because A) British colonies were accorded

equal status with Britain B) Britain had more colonies than

France C) African chiefs in French colonies

were highly respected D) of the systems of

administration adopted by the colonial powers.

20. The main reason for the construction of the railway from Port-Harcourt into the hinterland was the

A) discovery of tin in Jos area B) discovery of a deep sea harbor

at Port-Harcourt C) discovery of coal at Udi

D) need to evacuate export crops from the hinterland.

21. During the colonial period, agricultural policy in Nigeria was designed to A) raise the financial base of the

country B) make the economy compete

favourably in the world market C) provide raw materials for

British industries D) demonstrate Britain’s concern

for the development of its colonies.

22. The Nigerian Youth Movement

collapsed as a result of A) its failure to win elections

20

B) shortage of funds to run its affairs C) the harassment of its leadership

by government D) the break-up of its leadership.

23. The NCNC London Delegate pressed for A) free primary education for all

Nigerian children B) autonomy for the regions C) a revision of the Richards

Constitution D) outright independence for

Nigeria. 24. The Lyttlelton Constitution is

considered a landmark in the history of Nigeria, because it A) created a federal structure of

government for the country B) made ministers accountable to

the electorate C) recognized Lagos as a federal

territory D) gave ministers full authority

over their ministries. 25. Protests by trade unions in Nigeria

during the colonial period were aimed at A) achieving political

independence B) establishing more industries C) obtaining specific benefits for

members D) fighting corruption among

government officials. 26. Which of the following served as

federal ministers under the Tafawa Balewa Administration? A) Alhaji Muhammadu Ribadu and

Chief Festus Okotie-Eboh. B) Chief Kolawole Balogun and

Alhaji Adamu Ciroma. C) Alhaji Muhammadu Inuwa

Wada and Chief Richard Akinjide

D) Chief Aja Nwachukwu and Alhaji Umaru Dikko.

27. An important function of FEDECO during the 1979 elections was

A) establishing party offices B) promulgating the new

constitution into law C) swearing-in of elected officials D) delineating electoral

constituencies. 28. A major reason for the military

intervention in Nigeria’s politics in 129966 was the A) pro-West posture of Nigeria’s

foreign policy B) over-bearing power of

traditional rulers C) attempt by government to

retire top military officers D) crisis of the 1964 General

Elections. 29. Major General Aguiyi-Ironsi introduced

a unitary system of government because

A) it was the wish of the people B) of the command structure of

the military C) he wanted more revenue for

the central government D) other military officers were

planning to overthrow him. 30. The strategy for accelerated agricultural

development of the Obasanjo regime in the 1970’s focused on A) improving transportation

network to the rural areas B) establishing agro-allied

industries C) achieving food self-sufficiency D) establishing new marketing

boards. 31. The Berber scholar, al-Mukhtar,

contributed to the success of the Masina Jihad by

A) fighting alongside Seju Ahmadu B) preparing the ground through

the Qadiriyyah Brotherhood C) mobilizing various groups to

fight for Seku Ahmadu

21

D) appealing to Ardo Moudo to support Seku Ahmadu.

32. The establishment of Freetown in 1822 facilitated A) the settlement of freed slaves B) Christian missionary activities C) humanitarian activities D) the improvement of agriculture. 33. Nineteenth century Egyptian

nationalism principally aimed at A) controlling the Suez Canal

B) forming a constitutional government in Egypt

C) bringing down the monarchy D) ensuring Egyptian

independence. 34. The Battle of Tel el-Kebir was fought

between A) the British and the Urabists B) Tawfiq and the Mahdists C) the Khedive and the Wafdists D) Napoleon and the Mamluks. 35. Morocco was of strategic importance to

the European countries because A) of its good climatic conditions B) it was highly industrialized C) it possessed good mineral

resources D) it provided an entrance to the

Mediterranean. 36. The Mahdists revolt in the Sudan was successful

A) They believed they had a superior faith

B) it enjoyed widespread support C) the Egyptian army was poorly

trained D) General Gordon was an

incompetent commander. 37. Sayyid Said increased the volume of

trade with the Europeans by A) allowing them to take control of

the trade with the hinterland B) replacing Indian middlemen

with Europeans C) allowing European consuls to

reside in Zanzibar

D) making English the lingua franca of Zanzibar.

38. One of the main aims of the British conquest of Buganda was to A) gain access to the cape of Good

Hope B) pain control of the gold mines

of Bunyoro C) prevent other Europeans from

controlling the source of the Nile

D) take control of the trade routes in the area.

39. The survival of Ethiopia as an independent polity was as a result of the

A) location of the kingdom B) alliance with some European

powers C) strong economic base of the

kingdom D) introduction of a compulsory

military service. 40. The Mfecane resulted in the

A) division and fragmentation of the Zulu nation

B) formation of the Ndebele state C) decrease in Boer influence in

South Africa D) dispersal of the Zulu to the

Katanga copper belt. 41. The 1960 Sharpeville revolt was

specifically against A) labour laws B) land laws C) pass laws D) marriage laws. 42. A major consequence of the Great Trek

was the A) restriction of movement of the

whites in South Africa B) agitation for black-white

equality in South Africa C) annexation of white

communities by the Africans D) the expansion of white

communities in South Africa.

22

43. One feature of European diplomacy in the scramble for Africa was A) exchanging of ambassadors

among them B) holding Africans hostage for

negotiations C) negotiating with African leaders

for territories D) reconciling differences over

territorial claims. 44. The French colonial policy of

assimilation failed in Africa because A) African culture was deeply

rooted B) the African elite were opposed

to it C) it was not consistently

implemented D) it was expensive to implement. 45. Which of the following was one of the

demands of the National Congress of British West Africa? A) Establishment of a university in

each of the colonies. B) Expulsion of all Syrians and

Lebanese from the colonies. C) Election of Africans into each

colony’s council. D) Restriction of the activities of

Christian missionaries in the colonies.

46. The nationalist movement in Nigeria during the post-war period was primarily led by

A) businessmen B) the intelligentsia C) students D) local chiefs. 47. One of the objectives for the formation

of the South African Native Congress in 1912 was to

A) establish a political party B) encourage black participation in

governance C) retrieve all lands seized by the

whites D) integrate the various groups

and races.

48. In 1973, Nigeria broke diplomatic relations with Israel because of Israel’s

A) occupation of Egyptian territory B) support for apartheid South

Africa C) support for Biafra during the

war D) raid on Entebbe airport in

Uganda. 49. King Leopold’s colonial ventures in the

Congo were aimed at A) making Belgium a great colonial

power B) carving out an empire for

himself C) putting a stop to domestic slave

trade in the area D) introducing Western education

to the people. 50. In Africa, the colonial authorities

introduced modern means of transportation in order to

A) develop the internal markets B) increase farmers’ purchasing

power C) encourage urban development D) promote import-export trade. 2012 UTME History Answers. 1. B. 2. A.

Archaeological findings indicated that Nok passed through early, middle and late Stole Age as well as the Iron Age.

3. B. The middle Stone Age was characterized by facetted butts; the Iron Age by the development of iron and other metallic weapons and the Early Stone Age by bifaces, cleavers, picks and choppers.

4. A. 5. C.

The Kano Chronicle mentions only the relationship between Kano and neighbouring states; the European accounts contain information about Nigeria’s coastal states while

23

Tarikh-al- Sudan supplies information on mainly Western and central Sudanese states.

6. C. 7. D.

There was no relationship between the Oranmiyan and Ogiso Dynasties the latter of which had been superceded by the Republican system; the Oranmiyan connection with Benin history produced similarities in Ife and Benin arts as well as in their political structures

8. B. 9. Option B.

Disabled persons as well as old persons and children were not taken as they would not be able to work on sugar cane and tobacco plantations in America where they were taken to.

10. Option D. 11. Option C.

Rabeh had an efficient army at that time and his immediate aim certainly did not include establishing any contact with the Sokoto caliphate as he saw himself as another Muslim reformer.

12. Option A. 13. Option D.

Ans: D. The Ijebu and Egba were fiercely opposed to Ibadan’s attempt to procure arms and ammunition directly from Lagos to prosecute her wars.

14. Option C. Ibadan had grown to become the most powerful Yoruba state whose administrative over other Yoruba states and towns had become oppressive and therefore unpopular.

15. Option A. 16. Option D.

Following the Industrial Revolution, the European countries needed raw materials for their industries not slaves who used to provide cheap manual labour.

17. Option B. 18. Option A.

Control of the economy would grant them unhindered access to raw materials for the European industries and ready markets for the products from the industries.

19. Option D. The British colonial system allowed nationalist activities while the French in early stage strongly opposed it.

20. Option C. Coal is a very heavy mineral which cannot be carried by road transport

21. Option C. This was done by the encouragement of Nigerian farmers to cultivate cash crops.

22. Option D. 23. Option C.

It, among other things not listed here except the correct option, sought the establishment of a legislative house in each of the four British colonial territories.

24. Option A. 25. Option C. 26. Option A.

Alhaji Adamu Ciroma, Chief Richard Akinjide and Alhaji Umaru Dikko served under subsequent administrations. 27. Option D.

Establishment of party offices was done by political parties; promulgation of the 1979 constitution into law by the then Federal Military Government while elected officials were sworn in by either the Chief Justice, Chief Judge (state Governors) or speakers of state houses of assembly (for legislators).

28. Option D. The crisis was exacerbated by that which resulted by the massively rigged Western Regional Election of 1965 which led to the total break-down of law and order.

29. Option B. 30. Option C.

He aimed to achieve this through the ‘Operation Feed the Nation’ scheme..

24

31. Option B. He started an Islamic revival in the Niger bend and Masina thus preaching the tenets of the Quadriyyah Brotherhood which later formed the basis for the launching of Seku Ahmadu’s Jihad.

32. Option A. 33. Option D. 34. Option A.

The Urabis’ seizure of power in Egypt to end foreign domination of the country eventually led to stiff opposition from the British which defeated the nationalists and occupied Egypt.

35. Option D. 36. Option B. 37. Option C.

The European consuls were to ensure compliance with commercial treaties signed between their countries and the Omani rulers and to protect citizens of their countries from molestations.

38. Option C. 39. Option A.

Ethiopia is characterized by high plateaux, gorges and valleys as well as semi-desert lowlands which have protected the country from external invasion.

40. Option B. 41. Option C.

The protests were against restrictions of the movement of Africans from one area to another especially to enter any area occupied by the white people.

42. Option D. 43. Option D.

European powers held conferences in which they signed treaties among themselves to settle disagreements among them over rival claims laid to African territories.

44. Option A. 45. Option C.

The congress wanted a legislative council established for each British

Colonial territory with majority of the members being Africans.

46. Option B. The movement was led by mostly educated elite that had returned from Europe and those who took part in the Second World War.

47. Option D. 48. Option A.

Israel defeated the joint army of the six Arab nations in 1967 and again in 1973 and went ahead to annex some important regions of Egypt.

49. Option B. Leopold did not want to be left out of new territorial acquisitions in Africa following the encouragement of the French to do so by Bismarck of Germany following the former’s loss of the rich territories of Alsace and Lorraine to the former .

50. Option D.