using e-journals to promote information
DESCRIPTION
Using E-Journals To Promote Information. Carol Tenopir University of Tennessee [email protected]. How Electronic Publishing is Changing Access to Information. Scientists read more in not much more time Scientists read from a greater variety of sources - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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C.Tenopir
Using E-Journals To Promote Information
Carol TenopirUniversity of Tennessee
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C.Tenopir
How Electronic Publishing is Changing Access to Information
1) Scientists read more in not much more time
2) Scientists read from a greater variety of sources
3) Readers use many ways to locate information
4) More readers, more readings, more citations
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C.Tenopir
1. Scientists read more in not much more time
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C.Tenopir
Average Time Spent and Number of Articles Read Per Year Per Scientist
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1977 1978-1983
1984 1985-1989
1990-1993
1994-1998
2000-2001
Number ReadHours Spent
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C.Tenopir
Scholarly Article Reading
Work Field Articles Reading (Per Year)
Time Spent (Hours)
Time Per Article (Min)
University Medical Faculty
~322 118 22
Chemists ~276 198 43
Physicists ~204 153 45
Engineers ~72 97 81
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C.Tenopir
Differences Among Work Places and Work Fields
• University faculty read more than non-faculty
• Medical faculty and practitioners read more articles than most (but spend less time per article)
• Engineers read fewer articles (but spend more time)
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C.Tenopir
2. Scientists read from a greater variety of sources
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C.Tenopir
Sources of Readings
Scientists appear to be reading frommore journals—at least one article peryear from approximately 26 journals, upfrom 13 in the late 1970s and 23 in 2000.
% and amount of readings from separate copies
use of personal subscriptions
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C.Tenopir
Reading from Print and Digital
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
AAS ORNL UTK
Paper
Other e-
E-prints
E-journals
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C.Tenopir
3. Readers use many ways to locate information
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C.Tenopir
How Scientists Learned About Articles
Early Evolving Advanced
Browsing
Online Search
Citations
Colleagues
58% 45% 21%
16% 22% 21%
6% 13% 16%
9% 14% 39%
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C.Tenopir
Age of Articles Read from Digital Media
Early (1990-1994)
65.2%
14.5%
12.5%
7.7%
1 year 2 years 3-10 years >10 years
Evolving (2000-2002)
68.8%
10.2%
5.2%
15.8%
Advanced (2001-present)
63.8%9.9%
19.0%
7.3%
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C.Tenopir
How Scientists Learned About Articles
Electronic versions provide additional functions (searching, citation linking) which replace some browsing
Online Searching by Topic
Browsing Complete Journals
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C.Tenopir
Use and Users of Electronic Library Resources: An Overview and Analysis of Recent Research Studies. Tenopir, Carol www.clir.org/pub/reports/pub120/pub120.pdf
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C.Tenopir
4. More readers, more readings, more citations
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C.Tenopir
Los Alamos/Cornell arXiv.org
• Connections reached 200,000 per day in May 2001
• 35,000 new papers expected in 2001
• Each article gets an average of 300 downloads per year
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C.Tenopir
PubMed searches per month
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1998 1999 2002
Sea
rche
s pe
r m
onth
(M
illio
ns)
Year searches were conducted
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C.Tenopir
Steve Lawrence, “Online or Invisible?” Nature, v.411 n.6837: p.521, 2001.
www.neci.nec.com/~lawrence/papers/online-nature01/
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C.Tenopir
Highly cited and recent articles are more likely to be freely available on the web
www.neci.nec.com/~lawrence/papers/online-nature01/
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C.Tenopir
The percentage increase for the average number of citations to online vs. offline
articles
www.neci.nec.com/~lawrence/papers/online-nature01/
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C.Tenopir
Summary of What Has Changed
• Scientists read more
• Scientists read from a greater variety of sources
• Freely available online articles are read and cited more
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C.Tenopir
Some Things Do Not Change:
• Scientists value high quality information
• Scientists must read more in not much more time
• Scientist read both current and older articles and read for many reasons
• Scientists value sources that allow them to make the best use of their time