using adams/car truck - md adams 2010

Welcome to Adams/Car Truck

Adams/Car TruckIntroducing Adams/Car Truck

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Introducing Adams/Car Truck

Adams/Car Truck Welcome to the Adams/Car Truck templates from MSC.Software. Adams/Car is a virtual prototyping product that creates, catalogs, and analyzes full vehicles and vehicle suspensions.

All template-based products have two interfaces: Standard Interface and Template Builder. You can use the Template Builder interface to create and modify components and templates, and the Standard Interface to change parameters and analyze suspension or vehicle assemblies.

This section introduces you to the templates that have been specifically developed for the trucking industry. For general information about building templates, communicators etc., please see the section Building Models in the Adams/Car documentation.

The purpose of providing these templates is to have examples available to show how to model multi-axle, multi-subsystem assemblies that are common in the trucking industry. These examples can be modified and populated with vehicle specific data. Adams/Car allows you to perform component, subsystem, and full-vehicle analyses in one single environment. With this template-based parametric modeling approach, you can quickly explore multiple what if design scenarios. You can animate vehicle or subsystem motion onscreen, display graphs of key parameters, and produce standardized test reports.

3Welcome to Adams/Car TruckIntroducing Adams/Car Truck

Assembly Configuration

The shared_truck database represents an 18-wheel Tractor and trailer assembly with the following approximate specifications:

GVM - Gross vehicle mass: 38000 kg (distributed over 5 axles)

Wheel & Tire mass: 80kg

Wheelbase: Total -5700mm and cab-to-axle - 4000mm

Approximate weight distribution for suspension test rigs:

msc_susp_front_leafs.asy -> 2 wheels mass = 160kg, sprung mass = 8000kgmsc_truck_susp_3links.asy -> 2 wheels mass = 160kg, sprung mass = 8000kgmsc_susp_driven_axle.asy -> 4 wheels mass = 320kg, sprung mass = 7500kgmsc_susp_trailer_axle.asy -> 4 wheels mass = 320kg, sprung mass = 7500kg

Preferred Solver setting:

Choice of solver: CXX or F77

MAXIT :100

Equilibrium Stability: 0.01

Assembly Variants:

There are two types of brake and leafspring suspension systems available:

• Drum air brake system and disc brake systems

• Beam leafspring and SAE 3link leafspring system

Bus Assembly Database:

The Truck database also provides bus assembly templates and subsystems. The steering, drive axle sub-assemblies are similar to truck database. The bus uses wishbone suspension with anti-roll bar at front and

Adams/Car TruckIntroducing Adams/Car Truck

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rigid axle suspension at rear. The assembly uses disc brakes on four wheels. The wheelbase is 2000mm. There are no assembly variants for the bus.

5Welcome to Adams/Car TruckAdams/Car Truck Database

Adams/Car Truck Database

The organization of the Adams/Car Truck database is as shown below:

The database can be summarized as follows:

Assemblies Subsystems Templates

msc_tractor_unit msc_tractor_tandem_drive_axle msc_truck_air_drum_brakes

msc_tractor_semitrailer msc_truck_air_drum_brakes msc_truck_aux_parts

msc_susp_driven_axle msc_truck_aux_parts msc_truck_brake

msc_susp_trailer_axle msc_truck_beam_leafspring msc_truck_cab_suspension

msc_susp_front_leafs msc_truck_brake msc_truck_drive_axle

msc_susp_front_3links msc_truck_cab_suspension msc_truck_leaf_3link

msc_truck_drive_axle msc_truck_leaf_spring

msc_truck_drive_wheels msc_truck_powertrain

msc_truck_drive_wheels_2 msc_truck_rigid_cab

msc_truck_leaf_3link msc_truck_rigid_tractor

msc_truck_powertrain msc_truck_rigid_trailer

msc_truck_rigid_cab msc_truck_steer_suspension

msc_truck_rigid_tractor msc_truck_steering

msc_truck_rigid_trailer msc_truck_tandem_drive_axle

Adams/Car TruckAdams/Car Truck Database

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msc_truck_steer_suspension msc_truck_air_drum_brakes

msc_truck_steer_wheels msc_truck_trailer_axle

msc_truck_steering msc_truck_trailer_brake

msc_truck_trailer_air_drum_brakes msc_truck_wheels_dual

msc_truck_trailer_axle_front msc_bus_rigid_chassis

msc_truck_trailer_axle_rear msc_truck_double_wishbone_suspension

msc_truck_trailer_brake

msc_truck_trailer_wheels

msc_truck_trailer_wheels_2

msc_bus_brakes

msc_bus_front_ARB

msc_bus_front_suspension

msc_bus_powertrain

msc_bus_rear_suspension

msc_bus_rigid_body

msc_bus_steering

Assemblies Subsystems Templates

7Welcome to Adams/Car TruckAdams/Car Truck Database

The following figures show complete assemblies and the location of the templates within:

Adams/Car TruckAdams/Car Truck Database

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9Welcome to Adams/Car TruckTemplates Overview

Templates Overview

msc_truck_rigid_cab

Overview

This template represents the cab of the tractor.

Template name

_msc_truck_rigid_cab

Major role

cab

Application

Full-vehicle analysis

Description

The cab consists of three boxes representing the engine, driver and sleeping compartments. The cab suspension and bushings mount the cab on a rigid tractor frame.

Files referenced

mdi_0001.bus

Adams/Car TruckTemplates Overview

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msc_truck_driver_seat.bus

Topology

The following table maps the topology of the template:

Parameters

None

Communicators

Mount parts provide the connectivity between the template and cab_suspension subsystems. Input communicators receive information about mounting of the cab on rigid_tractor frame. The output communicators define the cab_suspension location, main exhaust and steering column support.

The following table lists the communicators in the template.

The joint: Connects the part: To the part:

jksfix_hood_to_cab ges_hood ges_cab

jksfix_cab_to_frame ges_cab mtr_cab_mount

bg[lr]_front_seat_to_cab_bushing.field ges_cab ges_driver_seat

bg[lr]_rear_seat_to_cab_bushing.field ges_cab ges_driver_seat

bk[lr]_front_cab_mount.field mt[lr]_cab_mount ges_cab

bk[lr]_hood_frame.field mt[lr]_hood_frame_mount ges_hood

bk[lr]_hood_to_cab.field ges_cab ges_hood

bks_hood_to_cab_center.field ges_cab ges_hood

The communicator: Belongs to the class: Has the role:

ci[lr]_cab_mount mount inherit

ci[lr]_hood_frame_mount mount inherit

co[lr]_cab_suspension_shocks mount inherit

co[lr]_main_exaust_to_cab mount inherit

co[lr]_stack_to_cab mount inherit

cos_cab_suspension mount inherit

co[lr]_steering_column_to_body mount inherit


msc_truck_cab_suspension

Overview

This template provides connection between the cab and the rigid_tractor frame.

Template name

_msc_truck_cab_suspension

Major role

cab_suspension

Application


Description

This template represents the main cab suspension unit. A truck cab is isolated from the tractor frame by means of a combination of springs and dampers. Upper and lower mount parts are connected to the cab frame and the tractor frame, respectively. A longitudinal rod is used to connect the cab to the frame and to react loads in that direction

Files referencedmsc_truck_cab_suspension_lateral_bar.busmsc_truck_cab_suspension_shock.dprmsc_truck_cab_suspension_shock.busmsc_truck_cab_suspension_airspring.spr


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Topology

Lower and upper shock parts are connected via a cylindrical joint. Fixed joints are used to connect lower airbag parts to the mounts.

The following table maps the topology of the template.

Parameters

None

Communicators

Mount parts provide connectivity between the template and the cab and rigid_tractor, subsystems. Input communicators receive information about the shock absorber, spring and bumpstop locations, etc. There are no output communicators.

The following table lists the communicators in the template:


ge[lr]_upper_shock ge[lr]_upper_shock ge[lr]_lower_shock

jo[lr]fix_lower_airbag_to_mount ge[lr]_lower_airbag mt[lr]_lower_airbag_to_frame

jo[lr]fix_upper_airbag_to_mount ge[lr]_upper_airbag mt[lr]_upper_airbag_to_cab

bg[lr]_lower_shock_to_mount.field ge[lr]_lower_shock mt[lr]_shock_to_frame

bg[lr]_upper_shock_to_mount.field ges_lateral_bar ge[lr]_upper_shock

bgs_left_lateral_bar_to_mount.field ge[lr]_upper_shock mts_lateral_rod_to_frame

bgs_right_lateral_bar_to_mount.field ges_lateral_bar mts_lateral_rod_to_cab

da[lr]_shock_damper.force mt[lr]_shock_to_cab mt[lr]_shock_to_frame

ns[lr]_airbag_spring.force mt[lr]l_upper_airbag_to_cab mt[lr]_lower_airbag_to_frame

ns[lr]_airbag_spring.spdp_force mt[lr]_upper_airbag_to_cab mt[lr]_lower_airbag_to_frame


ci[lr]_lower_airbag_to_frame mount inherit

ci[lr]_shock_to_cab mount inherit

ci[lr]_shock_to_frame mount inherit

ci[lr]_upper_airbag_to_cab mount inherit

cis_lateral_rod_to_cab mount inherit

cis_lateral_rod_to_frame mount inherit

cis_lower_bump_stop_to_frame mount inherit

cis_upper_bump_stop_to_cab mount inherit


msc_truck_rigid_tractor

Overview

The template represents a frame with integrated fifth wheel to which the subassemblies like cab, suspension and drive axles, etc. are attached.

Template name

_msc_truck_rigid_tractor

Major role

Body

Application

Full-vehicle analyses

Description

The rigid tractor system forms the basic frame of the tractor to which the cab, suspension and other subassemblies connect through flexible couplings (bushing). The trailer is hitched to the tractor through the fifth wheel.

Files referencedmsc_truck_fifth_wheel_frame.busfifth_wheel.shl

Topology

The template contains information about the frontal area, air density and drag coefficient which is used to calculate the aerodynaminc drag based on the vehicle velocity. No joints are defined but a series of


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communicators define the attachment points for other subassemblies. The fifth wheel is connected to the tractor frame rigidly or through bushing depending on the kinematic_mode parameter.

Parameters

The parameter information in the template helps to calculate the aerodynamic drag on the vehicle for which the following parameters are specified:

Communicators

Single input communicator and number of output communicators define the attachment point for the subassemblies to the frame as listed below:

The parameter: Takes the value: Its units are:

pvs_aero_frontal_area real area

pvs_air_density real density

pvs_drag_coefficient real no_units


cis_std_tire_ref location inherit

co[lr]_cab_mount mount inherit

co[lr]_cab_susp_shock_to_frame mount inherit

co[lr]_fd_shock_to_frame mount rear

co[lr]_fd_spring_to_frame mount rear

co[lr]_fifth_wheel_to_trailer mount inherit

co[lr]_fifth_wheel_to_frame mount inherit

co[lr]_front_airtank_to_frame mount inherit

cos_fifth_wheel_location location trailer

co[lr]_front_engine_to_frame mount truck

co[lr]_front_susp_leafspring_mount mount any

co[lr]_front_susp_shackle_mount mount any

co[lr]_front_susp_upper_shock mount front

co[lr]_hood_frame_mount mount inherit

co[lr]_lower_airbag_to_frame mount inherit

co[lr]_lower_front_fueltank_to_frame mount inherit

co[lr]_lower_middle_fueltank_to_frame mount inherit

co[lr]_lower_radiator_to_frame mount inherit


co[lr]_lower_rear_fueltank_to_frame mount inherit

co[lr]_rd_shock_to_frame mount rear_2

co[lr]_rd_spring_to_frame mount rear_2

co[lr]_rear_airtank_to_frame mount inherit

co[lr]_rear_engine_to_frame mount inherit

co[lr]_rear_suspension_to_frame mount rear_2

co[lr]_suspension_to_frame mount rear

co[lr]_upper_front_fueltank_to_frame mount inherit

co[lr]_upper_middle_fueltank_to_frame mount inherit

co[lr]_upper_radiator_to_frame mount inherit

co[lr]_upper_rear_fueltank_to_frame mount inherit

cos_aero_drag_force solver_variable inherit

cos_aero_frontal_area parameter_real inherit

cos_air_density parameter_real inherit

cos_body_subsystem mount inherit

cos_chassis_path_reference marker inherit

cos_drag_coefficient parameter_real inherit

cos_driver_reference marker inherit

cos_fd_panhard_rod_to_frame mount rear

cos_lateral_rod_to_frame mount any

cos_lower_back_bbox_to_frame mount inherit

cos_lower_bump_stop_to_frame mount inherit

cos_lower_front_bbox_to_frame mount inherit

cos_main_exhaust_to_frame_1 mount inherit








cos_measure_for_distance marker inherit

cos_pitman_mount marker inherit



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msc_truck_rigid_trailer

Overview

The template represents a trailer frame similar to the tractor frame which carries the payload and is hitched to the tractor through the fifth wheel.

Template name

_msc_truck_rigid_trailer

Major role

Trailer

Application


cos_powertrain_to_body mount truck

cos_press_valve_link_to_frame mount inherit

cos_rd_panhard_rod_to_frame mount rear_2

cos_upper_back_bbox_to_frame mount inherit

cos_upper_front_bbox_to_frame mount inherit



Description

The rigid trailer system forms the basic frame of the trailer which is hitched to the tractor through the fifth wheel. The trailer is connected next to the trailer axle through rear suspension.

Files referenced

mdi_0001.bus

Topology

The template contains information about the joint location of the fifth wheel and the attachment point for the suspension shock-absorbers. The paylod (test mass) is connected through a fixed joint to the trailer body.

A stake force connects the fifth wheel mount and trailer body which is responsible for the angle between the tractor and trailer during cornering.

Parameters

The following parameters are specified in the template:

Communicators

A single input communicator and a number of output communicators define the attachment point for the subassemblies to the frame as listed below:


pvs_Leg_from_bulkhead real length

pvs_Trailer_height real length

pvs_Trailer_width real length

pvs_Trailer_length real length


cis_fifth_wheel_location location inherit

cis_fifth_wheel_to_trailer mount inherit

co[lr]_Fr_airbag_frame mount trailer

co[lr]_Fr_Shock_top mount trailer

co[lr]_Fr_Trail_a_frame mount trailer

co[lr]_Rr_airbag_frame mount trailer_2

co[lr]_Rr_Shock_top mount trailer_2

co[lr]_Rr_trail_a_frame mount trailer_2


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msc_truck_aux_parts

Overview

This template provides connection between auxiliary parts with the tractor cab and frame.

Template name

_msc_truck_aux_parts

Major role

aux_parts

Application


Description

Air tanks and other rigid bodies are attached to the mount parts via bushings. There are no joints present in the model. Mount parts defined in this template connect to other templates, in particular to the cab (main exhaust pipes) and to the tractor.

Files referencedmsc_truck_left_stack.shlmsc_truck_right_stack.shlmsc_truck_main_exhaust.shlmsc_truck_airtank_to_frame.busmsc_truck_fueltank_to_frame.bus


msc_truck_exhaust.bus

Topology

All the auxiliary components like exhaust, air tank, fuel tank, etc. are rigidly attached to the cab and tractor frame using fixed or flexible joints.

Parameters

None

Communicators

Mount parts provide the connectivity between the template and the cab, rigid_tractor subsystems. Input communicators receive information about the airtank, fuel tank and exaust mounting. There are no output communicators.



ci[lr]_front_airtank_to_frame mount inherit

ci[lr]_lower_front_fueltank_to_frame mount inherit

ci[lr]_lower_middle_fueltank_to_frame mount inherit

ci[lr]_lower_rear_fueltank_to_frame mount inherit

ci[lr]_main_exhaust_to_cab mount inherit

ci[lr]_rear_airtank_to_frame mount inherit

ci[lr]_stack_to_cab mount inherit

ci[lr]_upper_front_fueltank_to_ mount inherit

ci[lr]_upper_middle_fueltank_to_frame mount inherit

ci[lr]_upper_rear_fueltank_to_frame mount inherit

cis_lower_back_bbox_to_frame mount inherit

cis_lower_front_bbox_to_frame mount inherit

cis_main_exhaust_to_frame_1 mount inherit








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msc_truck_leaf_spring

Overview

The leaf_srping system template is a representation of the conventional semi-elliptical suspension spring used in a solid axle vehicle.

Template name

_msc_truck_leaf_sping

Major role

suspension

Application

Suspension and full vehicle assemblies


cis_upper_back_bbox_to_frame mount inherit

cis_upper_front_bbox_to_frame mount inherit



Description

The leaf laminates are formed by a series of discrete elements coupled together by a beam element. The laminates are connected to each other by a direct force_vector to represent frictional and impact forces. The beam element can be modified to change the stiffness of the spring (by changing cross-section, shear ratios and Young’s modulus).

Files referencedmsc_truck_leaf_front_to_frame.busmsc_truck_leaf_rear_to_shackle.busmsc_truck_leaf_shackle_to_frame.busmsc_truck_leaf_to_axle.bus

Topology

The leafseat mounts the leafspring on the front axle. The leaf-spring eye is attached to the chassis through bushing. The front eye is directly connected to the chassis through bushing, whereas the rear eye is connected through shackle with intermediate bushes.

Parameters

Contains no parametric information

Communicators

Mount parts provide the connectivity between the template and suspension subsystems. Input communicators receive information about the front rear mount locations. The output communicator provides the information of leafseat on axle.



ci[lr]_leaf_front mount inherit

ci[lr]_leaf_rear mount inherit

co[lr]_leaf_to_axle mount inherit


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msc_truck_leaf_3link

Overview

This template contains the SAE 3 link representation of the leafspring.

Template name

_msc_truck_leaf_3link

Major role

suspension

Application

Suspension and Full-vehicle analysis

Description

The leaf is formed by connecting three rigid sections, namely, fore, aft and leafseat.

Files referenced

mdi_0001.bus


Topology

Leafseat, fore and aft section of the single leaf are connected through bushing to form a leafspring. The fore and aft eye is then connected to the frame through bushings (with intermediate shackle at rear end ).


Parameters

None

Communicators



bg[lr]_aft_leaf_attachment.field ge[lr]l_leafseat ge[lr]_leaf_aft

bg[lr]_aft_leaf_bushing.field ge[lr]_shackle ge[lr]_leaf_aft

bg[lr]_fwd_leaf_attachment.field ge[lr]_leafseat ge[lr]_leaf_fwd

bg[lr]_fwd_leaf_bushing.field mt[lr]_leaf_front ge[lr]_leaf_fwd

bg[lr]_shackle_bushing.field mt[lr]_leaf_rear ge[lr]_shackle


ci[lr]_leaf_front mount inherit

ci[lr]_leaf_rear mount inherit

co[lr]_leaf_attach_loc location inherit

co[lr]_leaf_to_axle location inherit


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msc_truck_steering

Overview

This is a simple re-circulating ball, pitman arm steering system, with power assist. It is commonly used in heavy trucks. It consists of a three-bar mechanism: pitman arm, steering link, and steering input arm.

Template name

_msc_truck_steering

Major role

Steering

Application

Suspension and full-vehicle assemblies

Description

A re-circulating ball steering gear transmits motion from the steering wheel to the pitman arm. The pitman arm rotates to impart motion to the steering link. The steering link pulls and pushes the steering input arm which steers the wheels.

Files referenced

truck_steer_assist.ste


Topology

The re-circulating ball steering gear consists of three major parts:

• Input shaft

• Ball screw

• Rack

The steering wheel rotates the steering input shaft. The steering input shaft attaches to the ball screw through a torsion bar. The ball screw imparts translational motion to the rack, through a coupler. The rack, in turn, rotates the pitman arm through a coupler.

The pitman arm drags the steering link and steering input arm, which is directly connected to the left wheel, which pulls the tie rod, connected to the right wheel.


Parameters

A parameter variable switches between kinematic and compliant mode, effectively defining the status of the ball screw input shaft lock reduction gear.


joscon_input_steering_arm_to_axle ges_steer_input_arm ges_steer_link

joscyl_steering_column ges_steering_column ges_column_housing

joshoo_column_intermediate ges_steering_column ges_intermediate_shaft

joshoo_intermediate_shaftinput ges_intermediate_shaft ges_input_shaft

josrev_ball_screw_steering_gear ges_ball_screw mts_pitman_mount

josrev_input_shaft_steering_gear ges_input_shaft mts_pitman_mount

josrev_pitman_arm_to_frame ges_pitman_arm mts_pitman_mount

josrev_steering_wheel ges_steering_wheel ges_column_housing

jossph_pitman_to_draglink ges_pitman_arm ges_steer_link

jostra_rack_steering_gear ges_rack mts_pitman_mount

grsred_ball_screw_input_shaft_lock josrev_input_shaft_steering_gear josrev_ball_screw_steering_gear

grsred_ball_screw_rack josrev_ball_screw_steering_gear jostra_rack_steering_gear

grsred_pitman_arm_rack josrev_ball_screw_steering_gear jostra_rack_steering_gear

grsred_pitman_arm_rack josrev_pitman_arm_to_frame jostra_rack_steering_gear

grsred_steering_wheel_column_lock josrev_steering_wheel joscyl_steering_column


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The following table lists the parameters in the template:

Communicators



phs_kinematic_flag integer no units

pvs_max_rack_displacement real length

pvs_max_rack_force real force

pvs_max_steering_angle real angle

pvs_max_steering_torque real torque

phs_steering_assist_active integer no units


cis_pitman_mount mount inherit

cis_steering_column_to_ body mount inherit

cis_strarm_to_spindle mount inherit

cos_max_rack_displacement parameter_real inherit

cos_max_rack_force parameter_real inherit

cos_max_steering_angle parameter_real inherit

cos_max_steering_torque parameter_real inherit

cos_steering_rack_joint joint_for_motion inherit

cos_steeing_wheel_joint joint_for_motion inherit


msc_truck_steer_suspension

Overview

This template represents steerable solid axle front suspension of a truck.

Template name

_msc_truck_steer_suspension

Major role

Suspension

Application


Description

The template forms the steerable front suspension. The tie rod, steering arm and axle forms a four bar chain with two revolute and two spherical joints. The suspension upright forms the wheel carrier part. The solid axle in turn supports leafspring suspension and dampers. The steering input arm (in steering subsystem) connects to the left suspension upright.

Files referencedmsc_truck_front_susp_shock_mount.bus msc_truck_front_susp_damper.dpr


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Topology


Parameters


Communicators

Mount parts provide connectivity between the template and the rigid_cab, wheels. Input communicators receive information about the leafspring location and attachement point for damper-to-frame. The output communicators define the wheel-center steering arm location, and suspension parameter array.



jk[lr]hoo_top_mount_kinematic ge[lr]_upper_shock_body mt[lr]_shock_to_frame

jolcy[lr]_lower_upper_strut ge[lr]_lower_shock_body ge[lr]_upper_shock_body

jo[lr]fix_leaf_to_axle mt[lr]_leaf_to_axle ge[lr]_axle

jo[lr]rev_axle_to_spindle ge[lr]_spindle ge[lr]_upright

jo[lr]rev_upright_to_axle ge[lr]_upright ge[lr]_axle

jo[lr]sph_tie_rod_to_upright ges_tie_rod ge[lr]_upright

josfix_axle gel_axle ger_axle

josper_tie_rod_ori ges_tie_rod gel_upright

bg[lr]_shock_to_axle.field ge[lr]_lower_shock_body ge[lr]_axle

bk[lr]_shock_to_frame.field mt[lr]_shock_to_frame ge[lr]_upper_shock_body

da[lr]_shock_force.force ge[lr]_lower_shock_body ge[lr]_upper_shock_body


pv[lr]_camber_angle real angle

pv[lr]_toe_angle real angle


ci[lr]_leaf_to_axle mount inherit


co[lr]_camber_angle parameter_real inherit


msc_truck_drive_axle

Overview

This template represents the solid axle suspension typically used on tractors.

Template name

_msc_truck_drive_axle

Major role

Suspension

Application


co[lr]_suspension_mount mount inherit

co[lr]_suspension_upright mount front

co[lr]_toe_angle parameter_real front

co[lr]_wheel_center location inherit

cos_strarm_to_spindle mount front

cos_suspension_parameters_ARRAY array inherit



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Description

The template is used in conjunction with the dual tire template in the tractor assembly as the driving solid axle. Longitudinal load is reacted by the rigid hockey sticks, and lateral load is reacted by the panhard rod. Drive torque left and right are applied as rotational single component forces between hub parts and the solid axle. A simple model of a limited slip differential is also included in this suspension template. There are no rigid parts or gears in the axle differential unit: a differential torque is transferred from one hub to the other depending on the difference of the wheel rotational speeds. The rotational speeds of the left and right half shafts are computed in a user defined solver variable and their difference is used as an independent variable in the akima interpolation of the limited slip differential spline. An input communicator of type solver variable receivers the total axle torque. That value, corrected with the appropriate differential torque, is then referenced in the two joint force actuators. The joint force actuators produce the driving torque between the rotating hub parts and the solid axle.

Files referencedmdi_viscous.diffmdi_0001.sprmdi_0001.busmdi_0001.dpr

Topology

Hub parts are connected to the solid axle via rotational joints. Dual wheel template mounts to the hubs. Hockey sticks are connected to the solid axle via a combination of primitive joints and bushings. The suspension is connected to the tractor subsystem via mount parts at the springs, dampers, panhard rod bushings and hockey sticks revolute joints.



jk[lr]con_lower_shock ge[lr]_lower_shock sw[lr]_lower_shock_mount

jk[lr]rev_trailing_arm_to_frame g ge[lr]_trailing_arm mt[lr]_trailing_arm_to_frame

jk[lr]sph_upper_shock ge[lr]_upper_shock mt[lr]_shock_to_frame

jkshoo_panhard_link_to_rod ges_panhard_link ges_panhard_rod

jkssph_panhard_rod_to_frame ges_panhard_rod mts_panhard_rod_to_frame

jo[lr]cyl_shock ge[lr]_upper_shock ge[lr]_lower_shock

jo[lr]fix_trailing_arm_to_axle ge[lr]_trailing_arm ge[lr]_drive_axle

jo[lr]rev_hub_to_axle ge[lr]_hub ge[lr]_drive_axle

josfix_axles gel_drive_axle ger_drive_axle

josfix_panhard_link_to_axle ges_panhard_link ger_drive_axle

jo[lr]per_tripot_to_hub mt[lr]_tripot_to_differential gel_hub

bk[lr]_lower_shock.field sw[lr]_lower_shock_mount ge[lr]_lower_shock


Parameters


Communicators

Mount parts provide connectivity between the template and the tractor, wheel subsystems. Input communicators receive information about the shock absorber, spring locations, etc. The output communicator provides information regarding the wheel, differential mounting and suspension parameter array, etc.


bk[lr]_trailing_arm_to_frame.field mt[lr]_trailing_arm_to_frame ge[lr]_trailing_arm

bk[lr]_upper_shock.field mt[lr]_shock_to_frame ge[lr]_upper_shock

bks_panhard_link_to_rod.field ges_panhard_rod ges_panhard_link

bks_panhard_rod_to_frame.field mts_panhard_rod_to_frame ges_panhard_rod

da[lr]_damper.force ge[lr]_lower_shock ge[lr]_upper_shock

ns[lr]_spring.force sw[lr]_lower_spring_mount mt[lr]_spring_to_frame

ns[lr]_spring.spdp_force sw[lr]_lower_spring_mount mt[lr]_spring_to_frame


phs_driveline_active integer no units



pvs_final_drive real no units



ci[lr]_spring_to_frame mount inherit

ci[lr]_tire_force force inherit

ci[lr]_trailing_arm_to_frame mount inherit

ci[lr]_tripot_to_differential mount inherit

cis_panhard_rod_to_frame mount inherit


co[lr]_diff_tripot location inherit



32

msc_truck_tandem_drive_axle

Overview

This template represents the solid twin axle suspension typically used on tractors.

co[lr]_lddrv_outside_whl_mount mount inherit

co[lr]_lddrv_suspension_mount mount inherit

co[lr]_lddrv_suspension_upright mount inherit

co[lr]_outside_wheel_center location inherit

co[lr]_toe_angle parameter_real inherit


cos_axle_diff_mount mount inherit

cos_driveline_active parameter_integer inherit

cos_halfshaft_omega_left solver_variable inherit

cos_halfshaft_omega_right solver_variable inherit




Template name

_msc_truck_tandem_drive_axle

Major role

Suspension

Application


Description

The template is used in conjunction with the dual tire template in the tractor assembly as the driving solid axle. Longitudinal load is reacted by the rigid hockey sticks and lateral load is reacted by the panhard rod. Drive torque left and right are applied as rotational single component forces between hub parts and the solid axle. A simple model of a limited slip differential is also included in this suspension template. There are no rigid parts or gears in the axle differential unit: a differential torque is transferred from one hub to the other, depending on the difference of the wheel rotational speeds. The rotational speeds of the left and right half shafts are computed in a user defined solver variable and their difference is used as independent variable in the akima interpolation of the limited slip differential spline. An input communicator of type solver variable receives the total axle torque. That value, corrected with the appropriate differential torque, is then referenced in the two joint force actuators. The joint force actuators produce the driving torque between the rotating hub parts and the solid axle.

Files referencedmdi_viscous.difmdi_0001.sprmdi_0001.busmdi_0001.dpr

Topology

Hub parts are connected to the solid axle via rotational joints. Dual wheel template mounts to the hubs. Hockey sticks are connected to the solid axle via a combination of primitive joints and bushings. The suspension is connected to the tractor subsystem via mount parts at the springs, dampers, panhard rod bushings and hockey sticks revolute joints.



jk[lr]con_lower_shock ge[lr]_lower_shock sw[lr]_lower_shock_mount

jk[lr]con_lower_shock_2 ge[lr]_lower_shock_2 sw[lr]_lower_shock_mount_2

jk[lr]rev_trailing_arm_to_frame g ge[lr]_trailing_arm mt[lr]_trailing_arm_to_frame

jk[lr]rev_trailing_arm_to_frame_2 g ge[lr]_trailing_arm_2 mt[lr]_trailing_arm_to_frame_2


34

jk[lr]sph_upper_shock ge[lr]_upper_shock mt[lr]_shock_to_frame

jk[lr]sph_upper_shock_2 ge[lr]_upper_shock_2 mt[lr]_shock_to_frame_2

jkshoo_panhard_link_to_rod ges_panhard_link ges_panhard_rod

jkshoo_panhard_link_to_rod_2 ges_panhard_link_2 ges_panhard_rod_2

jkssph_panhard_rod_to_frame ges_panhard_rod mts_panhard_rod_to_frame

jkssph_panhard_rod_to_frame_2 ges_panhard_rod_2 mts_panhard_rod_to_frame_2

jo[lr]cyl_shock ge[lr]_upper_shock ge[lr]_lower_shock

jo[lr]cyl_shock_2 ge[lr]_upper_shock_2 ge[lr]_lower_shock_2

jo[lr]fix_trailing_arm_to_axle ge[lr]_trailing_arm ge[lr]_drive_axle

jo[lr]fix_trailing_arm_to_axle_2 ge[lr]_trailing_arm_2 ge[lr]_drive_axle_2

jo[lr]rev_hub_to_axle ge[lr]_hub ge[lr]_drive_axle

jo[lr]rev_hub_to_axle_2 ge[lr]_hub_2 ge[lr]_drive_axle_2

josfix_axles gel_drive_axle ger_drive_axle

josfix_axles_2 gel_drive_axle_2 ger_drive_axle_2

josfix_panhard_link_to_axle ges_panhard_link ger_drive_axle

josfix_panhard_link_to_axle_2 ges_panhard_link_2 ger_drive_axle_2

jo[lr]per_tripot_to_hub mt[lr]_tripot_to_differential gel_hub

jo[lr]per_tripot_to_hub_2 mt[lr]_tripot_to_differential_2 gel_hub_2

bk[lr]_lower_shock.field sw[lr]_lower_shock_mount ge[lr]_lower_shock

bk[lr]_lower_shock.field_2 sw[lr]_lower_shock_mount_2 ge[lr]_lower_shock_2

bk[lr]_trailing_arm_to_frame.field mt[lr]_trailing_arm_to_frame ge[lr]_trailing_arm

bk[lr]_trailing_arm_to_frame.field_2 mt[lr]_trailing_arm_to_frame_2 ge[lr]_trailing_arm_2

bk[lr]_upper_shock.field mt[lr]_shock_to_frame ge[lr]_upper_shock

bk[lr]_upper_shock.field_2 mt[lr]_shock_to_frame_2 ge[lr]_upper_shock_2

bks_panhard_link_to_rod.field ges_panhard_rod ges_panhard_link

bks_panhard_link_to_rod.field_2 ges_panhard_rod_2 ges_panhard_link_2

bks_panhard_rod_to_frame.field mts_panhard_rod_to_frame ges_panhard_rod

bks_panhard_rod_to_frame.field_2 mts_panhard_rod_to_frame_2 ges_panhard_rod_2

da[lr]_damper.force ge[lr]_lower_shock ge[lr]_upper_shock

da[lr]_damper.force_2 ge[lr]_lower_shock_2 ge[lr]_upper_shock_2

ns[lr]_spring.force sw[lr]_lower_spring_mount mt[lr]_spring_to_frame

ns[lr]_spring.force_2 sw[lr]_lower_spring_mount_2 mt[lr]_spring_to_frame_2



Parameters


Communicators

Mount parts provide connectivity between the template and the tractor, wheel subsystems. Input communicators receive information about the shock absorber, spring locations, etc. The output communicator provides information regarding the wheel, differential mounting and suspension parameter array, etc.


ns[lr]_spring.spdp_force sw[lr]_lower_spring_mount mt[lr]_spring_to_frame

ns[lr]_spring.spdp_force_2 sw[lr]_lower_spring_mount_2 mt[lr]_spring_to_frame_2



phs_driveline_active integer no units


pv[lr]_camber_angle_2 real angle


pv[lr]_toe_angle_2 real angle

pvs_final_drive real no units

pvs_final_drive_2 real no units


ci[lr]_shock_to_frame mount rear

ci[lr]_shock_to_frame_2 mount rear_2

ci[lr]_spring_to_frame mount rear

ci[lr]_spring_to_frame_2 mount rear_2

ci[lr]_tire_force force rear

ci[lr]_tire_force_2 force rear_2

ci[lr]_trailing_arm_to_frame mount rear

ci[lr]_trailing_arm_to_frame_2 mount rear_2

ci[lr]_tripot_to_differential mount rear

ci[lr]_tripot_to_differential_2 mount rear_2


36

cis_panhard_rod_to_frame mount rear

cis_panhard_rod_to_frame_2 mount rear_2

co[lr]_camber_angle parameter_real rear

co[lr]_camber_angle_2 parameter_real rear_2

co[lr]_diff_tripot location rear

co[lr]_diff_tripot_2 location rear_2

co[lr]_lddrv_outside_whl_mount mount rear

co[lr]_lddrv_outside_whl_mount_2 mount rear_2

co[lr]_lddrv_suspension_mount mount rear

co[lr]_lddrv_suspension_mount_2 mount rear_2

co[lr]_lddrv_suspension_upright mount rear

co[lr]_lddrv_suspension_upright_2 mount rear_2

co[lr]_outside_wheel_center location rear

co[lr]_outside_wheel_center_2 location rear_2

co[lr]_toe_angle parameter_real rear

co[lr]_toe_angle_2 parameter_real rear_2

cos_axle_diff_mount mount rear

cos_axle_diff_mount_2 mount rear_2

cos_driveline_active parameter_integer rear

cos_driveline_active_2 parameter_integer rear_2

cos_halfshaft_omega_left solver_variable rear

cos_halfshaft_omega_left_2 solver_variable rear_2

cos_halfshaft_omega_right solver_variable rear

cos_halfshaft_omega_right_2 solver_variable rear_2

cos_suspension_parameters_ARRAY array rear

cos_suspension_parameters_ARRAY_2 array rear_2



msc_truck_trailer_axle

Overview

This template represents a solid axle suspension typically used on trailers.

Template name

_msc_truck_trailer_axle

Major role

Suspension

Application


Description

The template represents a simple rigid axle trailing-arm suspension with springs and shock absorbers. Dual wheels are mounted on the axle to make the complete suspension system. It also connects to the brake templates.

Files referencedmsc_truck_trailer_axle_airbag.sprmsc_truck_trailer_axle.dprmsc_truck_trailer_axle_shock.busmsc_truck_trailer_A_frame.busmsc_truck_trailer_arm_to_axle.bus


38

Topology

Hub parts are connected to the solid axle via rotational joints. Dual wheel template mounts to the hubs. The suspension is connected to the trailer subsystem via mount parts at the springs and dampers.


Parameters


Communicators

Mount parts provide the connectivity to the trailer and wheel subsystems. Input communicators receive information about the toe and camber suspension orientation and the wheel-center location.



jo[lr]cyl_shock ge[lr]_shock_top ge[lr]_shock_bottom

jo[lr]rev_spindle ge[lr]_spindle ge[lr]_axle

bg[lr]_shock_to_frame_field mt[lr]_shock_top ge[lr]_shock_top

bg[lr]_shock_to_trail_arm.field ge[lr]_trail_arm ge[lr]_shock_bottom

bg[lr]_trail_arm_to_axle.field ges_axle ge[lr]_trail_arm

da[lr]_damper.force ge[lr]_shock_bottom ge[lr]_shock_top

bg[lr]_trail_arm_to_frame.field mt[lr]_trail_arm_to_frame ge[lr]_trail_arm

ns[lr]_spring.force ge[lr]_trail_arm mt[lr]_airbag_to_frame

ns[lr]_spring.spdp_force ge[lr]_trail_arm mt[lr]_airbag_to_frame


pv[lr]_camber_angle Real angle

pv[lr]_toe_angle Real angle


ci[lr]_airbag_to_frame mount real

ci[lr]_shock_top mount inherit

ci[lr]_trail_arm_to_frame mount inherit


co[lr]_pad_axle mount inherit


msc_truck_wheels_dual

Overview

The dual wheel template represents a dual wheel arrangement on drive and trailer axles of the truck. It uses the tire property file and supports three basic functions:

• Supports vertical load

• Develops longitudinal forces for acceleration and braking

• Develops lateral forces for cornering

Template name

_msc_truck_wheel_dual

co[lr]_pad_axle mount inherit


co[lr]_trl_outside_wheel_center location inherit

co[lr]_trl_outside_whl_mount mount inherit

co[lr]_trl_suspension_mnt mount inherit

co[lr]_trl_suspension_upright mount inherit

co[lr]_trl_wheel_center location inherit

co[lr]_wheel_mount mount inherit




40

Major role

Wheel

Application


Description

The dual wheel system template consists of wheel parts rigidly connected to mount parts. The tire contact patch forces are transformed in forces and torques applied at the hub. A series of user-written subroutines perform the force calculation depending on the tire property file that you selected. The road property file determines the road contact model. For additional information about using tire and road models, see the Adams/Tire online help.

Files referenced

The wheel system template references a tire property file for each wheel part. The default tire property file is msc_truck_fiala.tir, stored in the tires.tbl directory of the Adams/Car Truck shared database.

Topology

The outside and inside wheel are rigidly connected by fixed joint, and the inside wheel in turn is connected to spindle.

Communicators

Mount parts provide connectivity to the suspension subsystems, and output communicators publish information about tire forces and wheel orientation. Tire force output communicator is used by the drive axle template in order to evaluate the halfshaft angular velocity during a quasi static analysis. The halfshaft velocity contributes to the calculation of the engine speed during quasi-static analysis.

The following table lists the communicators in the wheel system template.


ci[lr]_camber_angle parameter_real inherit

ci[lr]_outside_wheel_center location inherit

ci[lr]_suspension_upright mount inherit

ci[lr]_suspension_mount mount inherit

ci[lr]_toe_angle parameter_real inherit

ci[lr]_wheel_center location inherit

co[lr]_outside_tire_force force inherit

co[lr]_rotor_to_wheel mount inherit


msc_truck_air_drum_brakes

Overview

The drum-brake system template represents an air brake device that applies resistance to the motion of a vehicle.

Template name

_msc_truck_air_drum_brakes

Major role

Brake_system

Application

Full-vehicle analysis to simulate the effect of braking on the dynamics of the vehicle

co[lr]_tire_force force inherit

co[lr]_wheel_orientation orientation inherit

cos_tire_forces_array_left array inherit

cos_tire_forces_array_right array inherit



42

Description

The drum-brake system template represents a model of air brake system. It converts the brake line pressure to brake torque which is applied to the wheels. This template models the brakes at three axles.

Files referenced

None

Topology

An ac_point_torque_actuator acts between the suspension upright and wheel part. The brake line pressure is converted to brake_ torque based upon the friction coefficient and load sensitive pressure metering.

Parameters

The braking torque is expressed as a function of a number of parameters as listed below:

Communicators

Mount parts provide connectivity between the template and suspension subsystems. Input communicators receive information about the toe and camber suspension orientation and the wheel-center location. Input to the brake system is brake demand.



pvs_front_axle_load_at_max_braking real force

pvs_drive_axle_load_at_max_braking real force

pvs_brake_mu real no_units

pvs_demand_to_pressure_cnvt real no_units

pvs_drum_radius real length

pvs_drum_width real length

pvs_hub_wheel_offset real length

pvs_pressure_to_torque_cnvt real torque


ci[lr]_camber_angle parameter_real front

ci[lr]_camber_angle_front_drive parameter_real rear

ci[lr]_camber_angle_rear_drive parameter_real rear_2

ci[lr]_inside_tire_force_front_drive force rear


msc_truck_brake

Overview

The tractor disc-brake system template represents a device that applies resistance to the motion of a vehicle.

ci[lr]_inside_tire_force_rear_drive force rear_2

ci[lr]_outside_tire_force_front_drive force rear

ci[lr]_outside_tire_force_rear_drive force rear_2

ci[lr]_suspension_upright mount front

ci[lr]_suspension_upright_front_drive mount rear

ci[lr]_suspension_upright_rear_drive mount rear_2

ci[lr]_tire_force force front

ci[lr]_toe_angle parameter_real front

ci[lr]_toe_angle_front_drive parameter_real rear

ci[lr]_toe_angle_rear_drive parameter_real rear_2

ci[lr]_wheel mount front

ci[lr]_wheel_front_drive mount rear

ci[lr]_wheel_rear_drive mount rear_2

ci[lr]_wheel_center location front

ci[lr]_wheel_center_front_drive location rear

ci[lr]_wheel_center_rear_drive location rear_2

cis_brake_demand solver_variable any



44

Template name

_msc_truck_tractor_brake

Major role

Brake_system

Application

Full-vehicle (tractor only) analysis to simulate the effect of braking on the dynamics of the vehicle.

Description

The disc-brake system template represents a simple model of a brake system. It applies a rotational torque between the caliper and the rotor. A pair of disc brakes is mounted on each axle. The brake line pressure is divided into two channels, front and rear, depending on the brake_bias. This brake line pressure is converted to brake torque depending upon the brake_demand, coefficient of friction, effective piston radius and the velocity of the vehicle.

Files referenced

None

Topology

The rotor is rigidly attached to the wheel. A caliper is fixed to the suspension, housing any number of pistons, the effective area of which is specified as a parameter. The brake bias determines the amount of braking line pressure distributed to each axle. Effective piston radius and the friction coefficient are used to convert the brake line pressure into braking torque. The disc-brake template is a simple model of a brake system. It does not model the complex interaction between the rotor and caliper.

Parameters

The following table lists the parameters in the template.


pvs_front_brake_bias Real No units

pvs_front_brake_mu Real No units

pvs_front_effective_piston_radius Real mm

pvs_front_piston_area Real mm2

pvs_front_rotor_hub_wheel_offset Real mm

pvs_front_rotor_hub_width Real mm

pvs_front_rotor_width Real mm

pvs_max_brake_value Real No units


Communicators

Mount parts provide the connectivity to the axle and wheels. Input communicators receive information about the toe and camber suspension orientation and the wheel-center location. Input to the brake system is brake demand.


pvs_rear_brake_bias Real No units

pvs_rear_brake_mu Real No units

pvs_rear_effective_piston_radius Real mm

pvs_rear_piston_area Real mm2

pvs_rear_rotor_hub_wheel_offset Real mm

pvs_rear_rotor_hub_width Real mm

pvs_rear_rotor_width Real mm


ci[lr]_front_camber_angle parameter_real front

ci[lr]_front_rotor_to_wheel mount front

ci[lr]_front_tire_force force front

ci[lr]_front_toe_angle parameter_real front

ci[lr]_front_wheel_center location front

ci[lr]_front_suspension_ upright mount front

ci[lr]_rear_rotor_ro_wheel_1 mount rear

ci[lr]_rear_rotor_ro_wheel_2 mount rear_2

ci[lr]_rear_suspension_ upright_1 mount rear

ci[lr]_rear_suspension_ upright_2 mount rear_2

ci[lr]_rear_toe_angle parameter_real rear

ci[lr]_rear_tire_force force rear

ci[lr]_rear_camber_angle parameter_real rear

ci[lr]_rear_wheel_center_1 location rear

ci[lr]_rear_wheel_center_2 location rear_2


cos_max_brake_value parameter_real inherit



46

msc_truck_trailer_brake

Overview

The trailer disc-brake system template represents a device that applies resistance to the motion of a vehicle.

Template name

_msc_truck_trailer_brake

Major role

Brake_system

Application

Full-vehicle (tractor and semi-trailer) analysis to simulate the effect of braking on the dynamics of the vehicle

Description

The disc-brake system template represents a simple model of a brake system. It applies a rotational torque between the caliper and the rotor. A pair of disc brake is mounted on each axle. The brake line pressure is divided into three channels, front, rear, and trailer depending upon the brake bias. This brake demand is converted to line pressure and brake torque depending upon the coefficient of friction, effective piston radius and the velocity of the vehicle.

Files referenced

None

Topology

Topology is same as _msc_truck_brake.


Parameters


Communicators

Mount parts provide the connectivity between the template and axle, wheel subsystems. Input communicators receive information about the toe and camber suspension orientation and the wheel-center location. Input to the brake system is brake demand.


pvs_front_brake_bias real No units

pvs_front_brake_mu real No units

pvs_front_effective_piston_radius real mm

pvs_front_piston_area real mm2

pvs_front_rotor_hub_wheel_offset real mm

pvs_front_rotor_hub_width real mm

pvs_front_rotor_width real mm

pvs_max_brake_value real No units

pvs_rear_brake_bias real No units

pvs_rear_brake_mu real No units

pvs_rear_effective_piston_radius real mm

pvs_rear_piston_area real mm2

pvs_rear_rotor_hub_wheel_offset real mm

pvs_rear_rotor_hub_width real mm

pvs_rear_rotor_width real mm

pvs_trailer_brake_bias real No units

pvs_trailer_brake_mu real No units

pvs_trailer_effective_piston_radius real mm

pvs_trailer_piston_area real mm2

pvs_trailer_rotor_hub_wheel_offset real mm

pvs_trailer_brake_bias real no units

pvs_trailer_rotor_hub_width real mm

pvs_trailer_rotor_width real mm


48



ci[lr]_front_camber_angle parameter_real front

ci[lr]_front_rotor_to_wheel mount front

ci[lr]_front_tire_force force front

ci[lr]_front_toe_angle parameter_real front

ci[lr]_front_wheel_center location front

ci[lr]_front_suspension_ upright mount front

ci[lr]_rear_rotor_ro_wheel_1 mount rear

ci[lr]_rear_rotor_ro_wheel_2 mount rear_2

ci[lr]_rear_suspension_ upright_1 mount rear

ci[lr]_rear_suspension_ upright_2 mount rear_2

ci[lr]_rear_toe_angle parameter_real rear

ci[lr]_rear_tire_force force rear

ci[lr]_rear_camber_angle parameter_real rear

ci[lr]_rear_wheel_center_1 location rear

ci[lr]_rear_wheel_center_2 location rear_2

ci[lr]_trailer_camber_angle parameter_real trailer

ci[lr]_trailer_rotor_to_wheel_1 mount trailer

ci[lr]_trailer_rotor_to_wheel_2 mount trailer_2

ci[lr]_trailer_suspension_upright_1 mount trailer

ci[lr]_trailer_suspension_upright_2 mount trailer_2

ci[lr]_trailer_wheel_center_1 location trailer

ci[lr]_trailer_wheel_center_2 location trailer_2

ci[lr]_trailer_toe_angle parameter_real trailer


cos_max_brake_value parameter_real inherit


msc_truck_powertrain

Overview

This template represents the powertrain including the clutch and gear box.

Template name

_msc_truck_powertrain

Major role

powertrain

Application


Description

The powertrain template is functional representation based on an internal combustion engine, clutch and a gearbox model. The engine combustion model takes the throttle demand and produces a crankshaft torque as a result of a three dimensional spline interpolation. Independent variables are engine RPM and throttle position. Torque is divided with inter- and intra-axle differentials.

Files referencedmdi_0001.busV12_engine_map.pwrMDI_viscous.dif


50

Topology

The powertrain produces a transmission output torque acting on the front driveshaft, reacted on the powertrain part. The front driveshaft drives a coupler splitting torque between the front and rear axles. The front and rear axles then split torque left and right through differentials.


Parameters

The following table lists the parameters used in the template:


jo[lr]rev_diff_output_F ge[lr]_diff_output_F mts_diff_mount_F

jo[lr]rev_diff_output_R ge[lr]_diff_output_R mts_diff_mount_R

josrev_front_driveshaft_to_axle ges_front_driveshaft mts_diff_mount_F

josrev_interaxle_diff_output_to_axle ges_interaxle_diff_output mts_diff_mount_F

josrev_rear_driveshaft_to_axle ges_rear_driveshaft mts_diff_mount_R

grsdif_front_drive_axle josrev_interaxle_diff_output_to_axle jolrev_diff_output_Fjorrev_diff_output_F

grsdif_interaxle_diff josrev_front_driveshaft_to_axle josrev_interaxle_diff_output_to_axle josrev_rear_driveshaft_to_axle

grsdif_rear_drive_axle josrev_rear_driveshaft_to_axle jolrev_diff_output_Rjorrev_diff_output_R

bkl_front_engine_mount.field mts_powertrain_to_body ges_powertrain

bkl_rear_engine_mount.field mts_powertrain_to_body ges_powertrain

bkr_front_engine_mount.field mts_powertrain_to_body ges_powertrain

bkr_rear_engine_mount.field mts_powertrain_to_body ges_powertrain


pvs_clutch_capacity Real troque

pvs_clutch_close Real no units

pvs_clutch_damping Real torsion_damping

pvs_clutch_open Real no units

pvs_clutch_stiffness Real none

pvs_clutch_tau Real time

pvs_ems_gain Real none

pvs_ems_max_throttle Real no units


Communicators


pvs_ems_throttle_off Real no units

pvs_engine_idle_speed Real no units

pvs_engine_inertia Real inertia

pvs_engine_rev_limit Real no units

pvs_final_drive Real no units

pvs_gear_1 … to … 18 Real no units

pvs_gear_r Real no units

pvs_graphics_flag Integer no units

pvs_max_gears Integer no units

pvs_max_throttle Real no units


ci[lr]_diff_tripot_F location rear

ci[lr]_diff_tripot_R location rear_2

ci[lr]_tire_force_F force rear

ci[lr]_tire_force_R force rear_2

cis_clutch_demand solver_variable inherit

cis_diff_mount_F mount rear

cis_diff_mount_R mount rear_2

cis_initial_engine_rpm parameter_real any

cis_powertrain_to_body mount inherit

cis_sse_diff1 diff inherit

cis_throttle_demand solver_variable inherit

cis_transmission_demand solver_variable inherit

co[lr]_tripot_to_differential_F mount rear

co[lr]_tripot_to_differential_R mount rear_2

cos_clutch_displacement_ic solver_variable inherit

cos_default_downshift_rpm parameter_real inherit

cos_default_upshift_rpm parameter_real inherit

cos_diff_ratio parameter_real inherit



52

msc_bus_rigid_chassis

Overview

This template represents the chassis frame to which other subassemblies are attached.

Template name

_msc_bus_rigid_chassis

cos_engine_idle_rpm parameter_real inherit

cos_engine_map spline inherit

cos_engine_max_rpm parameter_real inherit

cos_engine_rpm solver_variable inherit

cos_engine_speed solver_variable rear_2

cos_max_engine_braking_torque solver_variable inherit

cos_max_engine_driving_torque solver_variable inherit

cos_max_gears parameter_integer inherit

cos_max_throttle parameter_real inherit

cos_powertrain_gse general_state_equation inherit

cos_transmission_input_omega solver_variable inherit

cos_transmission_spline spline inherit



Major role

Body

Application


Description

The template represents the chassis frame to which other subassemblies like suspension, steering and powertrain etc. are attached. The frontal area and aero drag coefficient parameters are used to calculate the aerodynamic drag.

Files referenced

none

Topology

Aero forces are applied to ges_frame.

Parameters

The following table lists the parameters used in the template:

Communicators

Mount parts provide the connectivity between the template and suspension, powertrain, and wheel subsystems etc. Input communicators receive information about the tire reference locations.



pvs_aero_frontal_area real area

pvs_air_density real density

pvs_body_height real length

pvs_body_length real length

pvs_body_width real length

pvs_drag_coefficient real no units


cis_std_tire_ref location inherit

co[lr]_front_susp_to_body mount front


54

co[lr]_suspension_to_frame_rear mount rear

co[lr]_suspension_to_frame_rear_2 mount rear_2

cos_aero_drag_force solver_varible inherit

cos_aero_frontal_area parameter_real inherit

cos_air_density parameter_real inherit

cos_body_subsystem mount inherit

cos_chassis_path_reference marker inherit

cos_drag_coefficient parameter_real inherit

cos_driver_reference marker inherit

cos_fd_panhard_rod_to_frame mount rear

cos_lateral_rod_to_frame mount any

cos_lower_bump_stop_to_frame mount inherit

cos_measure_for_distance mount inherit

cos_pitman_mount mount inherit

cos_powertrain_to_body mount any

cos_press_valve_link_to_frame mount inherit



msc_truck_double_wishbone_suspension

Overview

This template represents the double wishbone (upper-lower A arm) suspension system.

Template name

_msc_truck_double_wishbone_suspension

Major role

Suspension

Application

suspension analysis.

Description

The template represents the double-wishbone (also known as double A arm) independent suspension system.

Files referencedmdi_0004.bus


56

mdi_0001.busmdi_shk_0001.dprmdi_0001.bummdi_0001.spr

Topology


The joint: Connects the part: To the part

jk[lr]hoo_lwr_strut_kinematic ge[lr]_lower_strut ge[lr]_lower_control_arm

jk[lr]hoo_top_mount_kinematic ge[lr]_upper_strut mt[lr]_strut_to_body

jk[lr]rev_lca ge[lr]_lower_control_arm ges_subframe

jk[lr]rev_uca ge[lr]_upper_control_arm mt[lr]_uca_to_body

jo[lr]con_drive_sft_int_jt ge[lr]_tripot ge[lr]_drive_shaft

jo[lr]con_drive_sft_otr ge[lr]_drive_shaft ge[lr]_spindle

jo[lr]cyl_lwr_upr_strut ge[lr]_lower_strut ge[lr]_upper_strut

jo[lr]rev_spindle_upright ge[lr]_spindle ge[lr]_upright

jo[lr]sph_lca_balljoint ge[lr]_upright ge[lr]_lower_control_arm

jo[lr]sph_uca_balljoint ge[lr]_upper_control_arm ge[lr]_upright

jo[lr]tra_tripot_to_differential ge[lr]_tripot mt[lr]_tripot_to_differential

joscon_left_upright_to_draglink ge[lr]_upright ge[lr]_draglink

josfix_subframe_rigid ges_subframe mts_subframe_to_body

jossph_right_upright_to_draglink ger_upright ges_draglink

bg[lr]_subframe_front.field mts_subframe_to_body ges_subframe

bg[lr]_subframe_rear.field mts_subframe_to_body ges_subframe

bk[lr]_lca_front.field ges_subframe ge[lr]_lower_control_arm

bk[lr]_lca_rear.field ges_subframe ge[lr]_lower_control_arm

bk[lr]_lwr_strut.field ge[lr]_lower_control_arm ge[lr]_lower_strut

bk[lr]_top_mount.field mt[lr]_strut_to_body ge[lr]_upper_strut

bk[lr]_uca_front.field mt[lr]_uca_to_body ge[lr]_upper_control_arm

bk[lr]_uca_rear.field mt[lr]_uca_to_body ge[lr]_upper_control_arm

bu[lr]_jounce_stop.force ge[lr]_lower_strut ge[lr]_upper_strut

da[lr]_ride_damper.force ge[lr]_lower_strut ge[lr]_upper_strut

ns[lr]_ride_spring.force ge[lr]_lower_strut mt[lr]_strut_to_body

ns[lr]_ride_spring.spdp_force ge[lr]_lower_strut mt[lr]_strut_to_body


Parameters


Communicators

Mount parts provide the connectivity between the template and suspension mounts on chassis. Output communicator provide toe-camber angle and tire location information.




pv[lr]_drive_shaft_offset real length


pvs_subframe_active integer no units


ci[lr]_ARB_pickup location inherit

ci[lr]_strut_to_body mount inherit

ci[lr]_tripot_to_differential mount inherit

ci[lr]_uca_to_body mount inherit

cis_subframe_to_body mount inherit

co[lr]_arb_bushing_mount mount inherit

co[lr]_camber_angle mount inherit

co[lr]_droplink_to_suspension mount inherit

co[lr]_suspension_mount mount inherit

co[lr]_suspension_upright mount inherit


co[lr]_tripot_to_differential location inherit


cos_driveline_active parameter_integer inherit

cos_engine_to_subframe mount inherit

cos_rack_housing_to_suspension_subframe mount inherit

cos_strarm_to_spindle mount front



58

The following figures show the location of the templates in the assembly


60

using adams/car truck - md adams 2010

Documents