use of mobile devices in public access to icts: preliminary results from a study in latin america

Use of Mobile Devices in Public

Access to ICTs:

Sara Vannini

Visiting Scholar

TASCHA – Technology and Social Change Group

Preliminary results from a study in

Latin America

Università della Svizzera italiana – USILugano, Switzerland

Social Representations ofCommunity Multimedia Centers in Mozambique

Use of Mobile Devices in Public

Access to ICTs:

Sara Vannini

Visiting Scholar

TASCHA – Technology and Social Change Group

Preliminary results from a study in

Latin America

1995-2005

Telecenters and Public Access Venues (PAVs)

as “archetypical” ICT4D initiative: bridge the digital dividespread the socio-economic benefits of ICTs

[Heeks, 2008]

sustainability, high risks of failuresHuge investments, still considerable attention

[Bailey, 2009; Bailur, 2006; Best & Kumar, 2008; Kleine, 2013; Kuriyan & Toyama, 2007; Rega, 2010]

PAVs

[Gómez, 2013; Sey et. al., 2013; Vannini, 2014]

PAVssustainability,

high risks of failureshuge investments,

still considerable attention

mobiles

mobilesfast-growing adoption curve

mobiles…is it still worth investing on PAVs?

[Chigona, Lekwane, Westcott, & Chigona, 2011]

mobilesHave not replaced Public Access to ICTs

[Bar et al., 2013; Gómez, 2013; Sey et al., 2013]

PAVs

&mobiles

RQs

Next StepsPreliminary ResultsInstrumentsResearch Questions

Services Offered

Perception of PAVs’ operators

Online Questionnaire


to PAVs’ staff membersin Latin America


2. How do PAVs’ operators conceptualize “mobile technologies”, “PAVs” and “Development”?

1. Are PAVs including mobile technologies to offer their services?

3. In which areas do operators see a greater role for mobile technologies?


1. Are PAVs including mobile technologies to offer their services?

3. In which areas do operators see a greater role for mobile technologies?

Literature, experts, pre-study


Social RepresentationsTheory

Diffusion of InnovationTheory

2. How do PAVs’ operators conceptualize “mobile technologies”, “PAVs” and “Development”?

Social Representations

[Moscovici, 1961]



systems of values, ideas and practices,

that are shared among a given social group


[Moscovici, 1961]


understanding & communicating


[Moscovici, 1961]

EGO ALTER

OBJECT

[Moscovici, 2000]


[Bauer & Gaskell, 1999; Markovà, 2003; Mauri, 2007]

Emergence

Transformation

Stability


[Abric, 1994]


Structural Approach

Central level P1 P2 P3

Diffusion of Innovation

[Rogers, 1962]


Diffusion of Innovation

[Rogers, 1962]


Relative Advantage, Compatibility, Ease of Use,

Observability, Triability

Preliminary Results


10,9%

29,6%

54,7%

Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia

Ecuador El Salvador Peru

Respondents: 247

Respondents: 2471 choice allowed

Annex to other institution

9,4%

Library7,8%

School5,3%

Stand-Alone77,6%

Kind of Venue

Annex to other institution Library School Stand-Alone

cell phone connectivity

mobilitysmartphone

accessibilityaccessapplicationadvancement

comfortcomputer

communicationknowledgedevelopment

entertainmenteasy

informationinnovation

internet mobile

portablespeed

social networkstablettechnologytimewi-fi

agilityandroidportability

practicitytelephone

learningchat connectionanydatadigital

availabilityfun

education effectiveness

facebookease-of-use

futureimmediate

interaction iphone

notebook opportunity

rapid Web, securityabsenceJob, velocityvideo, whatsapp

Mobile


comfortcomputer


entertainmenteasy


internet mobile

portablespeed



practicitytelephone


availabilityfun


facebookease-of-use

futureimmediate

interaction iphone



cell phone

smartphone

computer

internet

mobile

tablet

technology

wi-fi

Mobile


mobilitysmartphone


comfortcomputer


entertainmenteasy


internet mobile

portablespeed



practicitytelephone


availabilityfun


facebookease-of-use

futureimmediate

interaction iphone



cell phone

smartphone

computer

internet

mobile

tablet

technology

wi-fi

Mobile


mobilitysmartphone

Physical object


comfortcomputer


entertainmenteasy


internet mobile

portablespeed



practicitytelephone


availabilityfun


facebookease-of-use

futureimmediate

interaction iphone




mobilitysmartphone

Mobile

mobility

comfort

easy

portable

speed

time


comfortcomputer


entertainmenteasy


internet mobile

portablespeed



practicitytelephone


availabilityfun


facebookease-of-use

futureimmediate

interaction iphone




mobilitysmartphone

Mobile

mobility

comfort

easy

portable

speed

time Convenience


comfortcomputer


entertainmenteasy


internet mobile

portablespeed



practicitytelephone


availabilityfun


facebookease-of-use

futureimmediate

interaction iphone




mobilitysmartphone

Mobile

connectivity

accessibility

access

knowledge

information


comfortcomputer


entertainmenteasy


internet mobile

portablespeed



practicitytelephone


availabilityfun


facebookease-of-use

futureimmediate

interaction iphone




mobilitysmartphone

Mobile

connectivity

accessibility

access

knowledge

information

Access


comfortcomputer


entertainmenteasy


internet mobile

portablespeed



practicitytelephone


availabilityfun


facebookease-of-use

futureimmediate

interaction iphone




mobilitysmartphone

Mobile

communication

entertainment

social networks


comfortcomputer


entertainmenteasy


internet mobile

portablespeed



practicitytelephone


availabilityfun


facebookease-of-use

futureimmediate

interaction iphone




mobilitysmartphone

Mobile

communication

entertainment

social networks

Sociality and Fun


comfortcomputer


entertainmenteasy


internet mobile

portablespeed



practicitytelephone


availabilityfun


facebookease-of-use

futureimmediate

interaction iphone




mobilitysmartphone

Mobile

innovation

advancement

development


comfortcomputer


entertainmenteasy


internet mobile

portablespeed



practicitytelephone


availabilityfun


facebookease-of-use

futureimmediate

interaction iphone




mobilitysmartphone

Mobile

innovation

advancement

development

Innovation

training cyber

free (gratis) inclusioninternet

telecentervive-digital

coffee-shop equalitylinepoint

learninghelp/aid

librarycenter

mallschool

computercommunicationcommunityconnectivityconnection

knowledgedevelopment

digital education

easegratuityinformationopportunityparks

digital-divide homecybercafe

comfortsharing

queryculture

availabilityencounterentertainmentschoolstudytraining government

integrationvenue

mobilesurfing

parkprogress

publicwebsocial-networkssecurity

technologyuniversitywi-fi

accessibilityaccess

servicesocial ICTsjobformalitieszone

PAV

training cyber




learninghelp/aid

librarycenter

mallschool



digital education



comfortsharing

queryculture


integrationvenue

mobilesurfing

parkprogress



accessibilityaccess


PAV

cyber

telecenter

vive-digital

library

center

mall

school

parksuniversity

training cyber




learninghelp/aid

librarycenter

mallschool



digital education



comfortsharing

queryculture


integrationvenue

mobilesurfing

parkprogress



accessibilityaccess


PAV

cyber

telecenter

vive-digital

library

center

mall

school

parksuniversity Physical place

training cyber




learninghelp/aid

librarycenter

mallschool



digital education



comfortsharing

queryculture


integrationvenue

mobilesurfing

parkprogress



accessibilityaccess


PAV

internet

connectivity

accessibility

access

connection

knowledge

information

wi-fi

training cyber




learninghelp/aid

librarycenter

mallschool



digital education



comfortsharing

queryculture


integrationvenue

mobilesurfing

parkprogress



accessibilityaccess


PAV

internet

connectivity

accessibility

access

connection

knowledge

information

wi-fi Access

training cyber




learninghelp/aid

librarycenter

mallschool



digital education



comfortsharing

queryculture

availabilityencounterentertainmentschoolstudyformationgovernment

integrationvenue

mobilesurfing

parkprogress



accessibilityaccess


PAV

training

learning

education

training cyber




learninghelp/aid

librarycenter

mallschool



digital education



comfortsharing

queryculture

availabilityencounterentertainmentschoolstudyformationgovernment

integrationvenue

mobilesurfing

parkprogress



accessibilityaccess


PAV

training

learning

education

Education

training cyber




learninghelp/aid

librarycenter

mallschool



digital education



comfortsharing

queryculture


integrationvenue

mobilesurfing

parkprogress



accessibilityaccess


PAV

inclusion

free

help/aid

development

gratuity

opportunity

training cyber




learninghelp/aid

librarycenter

mallschool



digital education



comfortsharing

queryculture


integrationvenue

mobilesurfing

parkprogress



accessibilityaccess


PAV

inclusion

free

help/aid

development

gratuity

opportunity Help to the Community

training cyber




learninghelp/aid

librarycenter

mallschool



digital education



comfortsharing

queryculture


integrationvenue

mobilesurfing

parkprogress



accessibilityaccess


PAV

communication

community

ease

training cyber




learninghelp/aid

librarycenter

mallschool



digital education



comfortsharing

queryculture


integrationvenue

mobilesurfing

parkprogress



accessibilityaccess


PAV

communication

community

ease

Socialization

moneyjob

entrepreneurship

equalityprogress

learningeconomicenterpriselackglobalizationplanningpoliticswealthsustainabilitytelework

help/aidcapacityknowledgedigital

economicequity

studyevolution

trainingstrenghteningfuturegovernmentinformationinnovation

investmentworking

moremajor

lesslevel

offerparticipationpovertyproject

accessadvancementwell-beingqualityquality-of-lifetraining

communitygrowth

culture developmenteconomyeducation

stabilityinclusion

incomesbetter

improvementopportunityprosperityhealthsocial society

resourcesresponsibilityliving-place

overcomingtechnologyworklife

Deve

lopm

ent

moneyjob

entrepreneurship

equalityprogress



economicequity

studyevolution


investmentworking

moremajor

lesslevel



communitygrowth


stabilityinclusion

incomesbetter




Deve

lopm

ent

progress

money

job

entrepreneurship

advancement

growth

economy

incomes

better

improvement

prosperitywork

moneyjob

entrepreneurship

equalityprogress



economicequity

studyevolution


investmentworking

moremajor

lesslevel



communitygrowth


stabilityinclusion

incomesbetter




Deve

lopm

ent

progress

money

job

entrepreneurship

advancement

growth

economy

incomes

better

improvement

prosperity Economic Growthwork

moneyjob

entrepreneurship

equalityprogress



economicequity

studyevolution


investmentworking

moremajor

lesslevel



communitygrowth


stabilityinclusion

incomesbetter




Deve

lopm

ent

equality

well-being

quality of life

community

stability

inclusion

opportunity

overcoming

social

society

health

moneyjob

entrepreneurship

equalityprogress



economicequity

studyevolution


investmentworking

moremajor

lesslevel



communitygrowth


stabilityinclusion

incomesbetter




Deve

lopm

ent

equality

well-being

quality of life

community

stability

inclusion

opportunity

overcoming Equality and Inclusion

social

society

health

moneyjob

entrepreneurship

equalityprogress



economicequity

studyevolution


investmentworking

moremajor

lesslevel



communitygrowth


stabilityinclusion

incomesbetter




Deve

lopm

ent training

culture

education

moneyjob

entrepreneurship

equalityprogress



economicequity

studyevolution


investmentworking

moremajor

lesslevel



communitygrowth


stabilityinclusion

incomesbetter




Deve

lopm

ent training

culture

education

Education

moneyjob

entrepreneurship

equalityprogress



economicequity

studyevolution


investmentworking

moremajor

lesslevel



communitygrowth


stabilityinclusion

incomesbetter




Deve

lopm

ent

technology

access

moneyjob

entrepreneurship

equalityprogress



economicequity

studyevolution


investmentworking

moremajor

lesslevel



communitygrowth


stabilityinclusion

incomesbetter




Deve

lopm

ent

technology

access

ICTs

Education

training

culture

education

training

learning

education

Education

training

culture

education

training

learning

education

learning

education

ease

Community

inclusion

free

help/aid

development

gratuity

opportunity

communication

entertainment

social networks

equality

well-being

quality of life

community

stability

inclusion

opportunity

overcoming

social

society

healthcommunication

community

ease

Community

inclusion

free

help/aid

development

gratuity

opportunity

communication

entertainment

social networks

equality

well-being

quality of life

community

stability

inclusion

opportunity

overcoming

social

society

healthcommunication

community

facebook

chat

video whatsapp

fun

interaction

Mobile Services in PAVs


2,4

0,8

1,6

2,8

5,3

6,9

30,1

43,9

3,3

2,8

3,7

9,8

6,1

11,8

32,5

24,0

2,0

6,5

4,9

14,6

21,1

19,1

12,2

10,6

0,0 10,0 20,0 30,0 40,0 50,0 60,0 70,0 80,0 90,0

Finance

None of these

Political Participation

Public Administration

Environment

Agriculture

Emergencies

News

Health

Culture

Entertainment

Job Market

Communication

Education

In which of the following action areas do you see mobile devices to have the most

potential to support the goals of your venue?

1st 2nd 3rd Respondents: 247

n.a.1%

No58%

Yes41%

Does your venue use mobile technologies to provide some of its services?

n.a. No Yes

6,8%

6,8%

8,7%

28,2%

31,1%

34,0%

38,8%

63,1%

72,8%

72,8%

0,0% 10,0% 20,0% 30,0% 40,0% 50,0% 60,0% 70,0% 80,0%

Phones for calls

Phones for texting

Offers Smartphones

Printing from phones

Reserve computers via sms

Platforms to distribute sms

Offers Tablets

Transfer files from phones

Has Wi-Fi

Mobile Classes

Mobile Services offered

Respondents: 103Y/N answers

36,9%

38,8%

40,8%

55,3%

55,3%

59,2%

60,2%

69,9%

77,7%

79,6%

83,5%

92,2%

8,7%

9,7%

10,7%

19,4%

10,7%

20,4%

14,6%

21,4%

26,2%

24,3%

28,2%

33,0%

0,0% 10,0% 20,0% 30,0% 40,0% 50,0% 60,0% 70,0% 80,0% 90,0% 100,0%

Agriculture and Fishing

Finance

Health

Emergencies

Public administration and community…

Political participation

Environment

Culture

News

Employment and career

Educational services

Entertainment

Areas you actively cover through your services

How many mobile for the service on the total How many have the service on the total

Respondents: 103

Diffusion of Innovations


Respondents: 247

10,0%

6,6%

2,3%

4,1%

11,9%

23,0%

14,3%

10,5%

9,7%

17,2%

31,9%

27,2%

22,1%

17,8%

33,6%

21,2%

34,7%

36,6%

41,3%

25,2%

13,9%

16,5%

28,0%

27,0%

12,5%

0,0% 20,0% 40,0% 60,0% 80,0% 100,0% 120,0%

Relative Advantage

Compatibility

Ease of Use

Observability

Triability

Perceived Advantages of mobile use for PAV services

Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree

Thank You!

Sara Vannini

[email protected]

[email protected]

www.saravannini.com

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.saravannini.com/