us pamati i. naļivaiko
TRANSCRIPT
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Ultrasonogrāfija. Vēsture. Darbības princips.
Rīgas Stradiņa universitātes
Medicīnas fakultātes
VI kursa studente
Inga Naļivaiko
21.09.2016.
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Saturs
Neliels ieskats vēsturē…
Ultraskaņas veidošanās
» Zondes
» Zonde šķērsgriezumā
» Darbības princips
Attēls
» Ehogenitāte
» Forma
Artefakti
Doppler ultrasonogrāfija
Elastogrāfija
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Ultraskaņa – augstas frekvences skaņas viļņi
http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=11850
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ZONDES UZBŪVE
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6http://www.vaultrasound.com/educational-resources/ultrasound-physics/
transducers/
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7http://www.cvsales.com/cvs/PartsProbes/MindrayProbes.aspx
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http://clinicalgate.com/ultrasound-guided-regional-anesthesia/
Lineārā Konvekss Sektoriāla
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Veidi
Brigthness
Amplitude
Motion
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RAKSTURLIELUMI
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Orgāna lokalizācija IzmērsFormaĀrējā kontūraStruktūra (homogēna/heterogēna)Ehogenitāte
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12https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ultrasound_lesions_echogenicity.svg
EHOGENITĀTE
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ultrasound_lesions_echogenicity.svg
FORMA
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ARTEFAKTI
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Akustiskā ēna
http://folk.ntnu.no/stoylen/strainrate/Basic_ultrasound
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Dorsālais pastiprinājums
https://www.studyblue.com/notes/note/n/liver-pathology/deck/15144418
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Spoguļartefakts
http://radiopaedia.org/articles/mirror-image-artifact
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Reverbācijas artefakti
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/50352330_fig3_Fig-3-Transverse-
view-reverberation-artifact-behind-the-tra-chea-wall-white-arrows
http://schemergency.com/stem/plumbing-the-depths-with-ultrasound
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«Komētas astes»
http://www.ultrasoundmedicvn.com/2012_12_01_archive.html
http://www.radpod.org/2007/01/21/comet-tail-artefact/
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Doppler ultrasonogrāfija
http://formulas.tutorvista.com/physics/doppler-shift-formula.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doppler_effect
Doplera efekts – izmaiņas viļņu frekvencē objektam pārvietojoties
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http://www.medison.ru/uzi/gal288.htm
http://www.slideshare.net/NarendraMalhotra/color-doppler-in-fetal-hypoxia
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Dupplex ultrasonogrāfija
Ultraskaņas «B» režīms + spektra analīze
http://www.ktdiagnostic.com/carotid-artery-duplex-scan/
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Ultraskaņas elastogrāfija
Neinvazīva attēlveidošanas metode, ko pielieto, lai noteiktu relatīvo audu saspiežamību vai deformāciju, pielietojot noteiktu spēku
Divas galvenās elastogrāfijas formas:»Kvazistatiskā jeb deformācijas elastogrāfija (SE - strain
elastography)
»Bīdes viļņa elastogrāfija (SWE – shear wave elastography).
http://www.ultrasonografija.lv/index.php?id=83
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Deformācijas elastogrāfijā tiek mērīta audu nobīde, kas rodas sākotnējā kompresijas spēka rezultātā. Mīkstos audos nobīde ir lielāka, salīdzinot ar cietiem (blīviem) audiem
http://www.ultrasonografija.lv/index.php?id=83
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Bīdes viļņa elastogrāfijā tiek mērīts šķērsvirzienā orientēto bīdes viļņu ātrums. Cietos (blīvos) audos bīdes viļņi izplatās ātrāk, nekā mīkstos audos
http://www.ultrasonografija.lv/index.php?id=83
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26http://www.efsumb-atlas.org/v2/index.asp
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27http://www.efsumb-atlas.org/v2/index.asp
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Jautājumi? :)
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Kāda ir savstarpējā ehogenitāte?
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/221915614_fig2_Fig-4-Normal-ultrasound-liver-
pattern-Echogenicity-and-echodensity-of-the-liver-and
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Kas ir redzams attēlā? Kā to raksturot?
http://www.slredultrasound.com/ImageBank/Renal.html
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Kas šī par zondi? Kur pielieto?
http://www.kpiultrasound.com/categories/ultrasound-probes/page/10/
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Kas redzams šajā attēlā?
http://ultrasoundcases.info/Slide-View.aspx?cat=137&case=7418
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33http://www.ultrasonografija.lv/index.php?id=33
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Kas šeit noticis?
http://ultrasoundcases.info/Slide-View.aspx?cat=132&case=7767
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Un šī?
http://www.kpiultrasound.com/categories/ultrasound-probes/page/10/
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Kā sauc šādu izmeklējumu?
https://gi.jhsps.org/GDL_Disease.aspx?CurrentUDV=31&GDL_Cat_ID=
551CDCA7-A3C1-49E5-B6A0-C19DE1F94871&GDL_Disease_ID=E81
B63D8-A04A-470B-A155-4AAC759EDB2D
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Kas redzams attēlā?
http://www.medison.ru/uzi/eho558.htm
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?
http://radiopaedia.org/cases/24194/studies/24455
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Izmantotie resursi
History of Ultrasound in Perioperative Medicine, Conor Hearty and Dominic Harmon, Perioperative Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, Chapter 1, page 3-5
Ultrasound, Thieme Clinical Companions, G. Schmidt, Chapter 1, Basic Physical and Technical Principles
http://ultrasoundcases.infohttp://radiopaedia.orghttp://www.ultrasonografija.lv/index.php?id=83http://www.efsumb-atlas.org/v2/index.aspUltrasonogrāfijas pamati, RSU Radioloģijas katedras
prezentācija
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Paldies par uzmanību!