u.s. justice department filing on warren jeffs' statements
DESCRIPTION
A filing by the U.S. Justice Department seeking to use FLDS leader Warren Jeffs' statements as a co-conspirator at trial against Hildale and Colorado City.TRANSCRIPT
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Steven H. Rosenbaum (NY Bar #1901958) Judy C. Preston (MD Bar, no numbers assigned) R. Tamar Hagler (CA Bar #189441) Christy E. Lopez (DC Bar #473612) Eric W. Treene (NY Bar #2568343) Sean R. Keveney (TX Bar #24033862) Jessica C. Crockett (NY Bar #4694972) Matthew J. Donnelly (IL Bar #6281308) Emily M. Savner (NY Bar #5214358) Sharon I. Brett (NY Bar #5090279) Attorneys United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division 950 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20530 Phone: (202) 305-4838 Facsimile: (202) 514-1116 E-mail: [email protected] Attorneys for the United States
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF ARIZONA
United States,
Plaintiff; v. Town of Colorado City, Arizona, et al.,
Defendants.
No. 3:12cv8123-HRH UNITED STATES’ MOTION IN LIMINE TO ADMIT FLDS CHURCH LEADERS’ CO-CONSPIRATOR STATEMENTS AND FOR FIFTH AMENDMENT ADVERSE INFERENCE
The United States moves in limine for this Court to find that: (1) FLDS Church
leaders’ statements constitute co-conspirator statements of Defendants, excluded from
hearsay under Fed. R. Evid. 801(d)(2)(E); and (2) FLDS leaders’ invocations of the Fifth
Amendment allow an adverse inference against Defendants. The evidence in this case
has borne out the Complaint’s overall allegations that the “Cities’ public officials, the
Colorado City/Hildale Marshal’s Office [“CCMO”], and utility entities have acted in
Case 3:12-cv-08123-HRH Document 672 Filed 09/18/15 Page 1 of 12
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concert with FLDS leadership to deny non-FLDS individuals housing [and] police
protection” and for “at least 20 years, the Cities have operated as an arm of the FLDS.”
Compl. ¶ 4-5 (emphasis added). Defendants’ concerted action, or joint venture with,
FLDS leaders provides the requisite foundation to admit out-of-court, co-conspirator
statements of FLDS leaders against Defendants at trial. Accordingly, this Court should
allow the United States to admit statements and writings, made in furtherance of the
conspiracy, by FLDS Leaders Warren Jeffs, Bishop Lyle Jeffs, FLDS Leader messengers
Isaac and Nephi Jeffs, and other former Bishops and FLDS leader aides.1
MEMORANDUM IN SUPPORT
A. FLDS CHURCH LEADERS’ STATEMENTS CONSTITUTE ADMISSIBLE CO-CONSPIRATOR STATEMENTS OF DEFENDANTS
1. The co-conspirator hearsay rule applies to the concert of action in this civil case.
Rule 801(d)(2)(E) excludes from hearsay a “statement offered against an opposing
party” that “was made by the party’s coconspirator during and in furtherance of the
conspiracy.” To admit an out of court, co-conspirator statement, a preponderance of the
evidence must show that there was a conspiracy, the defendant and the declarant
participated in the conspiracy, and the statement was made by the declarant during and in
furtherance of the conspiracy. See, e.g., United States v. Bridgeforth, 441 F.3d 864, 869
(9th Cir. 2006). The offered statement “must be considered but does not by itself
establish . . . the existence of the conspiracy or participation in it.” Fed. R. Evid.
801(d)(2). Thus, there must be some evidence, “aside from the proffered statements, of
the existence of the conspiracy and the defendant’s involvement.” United States v.
Gordon, 844 F.2d 1397, 1402 (9th Cir. 1988). Pursuant to Fed. R. Evid. 104(a), this
Court makes the admissibility determination regarding a conspiracy’s existence, its
1 The United States notes that other grounds beyond the co-conspirator hearsay rule
may justify admitting these statements over hearsay objections.
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membership, and whether the statement was made in furtherance of the conspiracy.
Bourjaily v. United States, 483 U.S. 171, 175-76 (1987).2
The co-conspirator hearsay “rule is not limited to criminal cases, but applies in
civil cases as well.” Filco v. Amana Refrigeration, Inc., 709 F.2d 1257, 1267 (9th Cir.
1983); see also Smith v. Bray, 681 F.3d 888, 904-06 (7th Cir. 2012) (finding, in civil
racial discrimination case, that concert of action in goal of discriminatory firing “would
qualify for the purposes of the co-conspirator exemption”). “Although [discrimination] is
not the sort of undertaking the word ‘conspiracy’ normally brings to mind, Rule
801(d)(2)(E) encompasses a broad definition that goes well beyond the more confined
concept of criminal conspiracy.” Bray, 681 F.3d at 904. Compared to more demanding
conspiracy crime, the evidentiary co-conspirator rule rests on agency law, and merely
requires a “joint venture,” “concert of action,” or common purpose. See Bray, 681 F.3d
at 904-06 (citing United States v. Gewin, 471 F.3d 197, 201 (D.C. Cir. 2006) (“[T]he
rule, based on concepts of agency and partnership law and applicable in both civil and
criminal trials, embodies the long-standing doctrine that when two or more individuals
are acting in concert toward a common goal, the out-of-court statements of one are
admissible against the others, if made in furtherance of the common goal.”) (internal
quotations and ellipsis omitted); United States v. Kelley, 864 F.2d 569, 573 (7th Cir.
1989) (“Rule 801(d)(2)(E) applies not only to conspiracies but also to joint ventures, and
. . . a charge of criminal conspiracy is not required to invoke the evidentiary rule.”);
2 If this Court finds that the United States has not already established the foundational
concerted action or joint venture among Defendants and FLDS Church leaders through pre-trial evidence, this Court should follow the accepted procedure of conditionally admitting the co-conspirator statements during the trial, and later strike them if the United States ultimately fails to establish the foundational conspiracy. See United States v. Zemek, 634 F.2d 1159, 1169 (9th Cir. 1980) (approving procedure of conditionally admitting statements); accord United States v. Goldfarb, No. CR-07-260-003, 2008 WL 4534297, at *1 (D. Ariz. Oct. 3, 2008); United States v. Clason, No. CR-05-870, 2007 WL 1063169, at *3-4 (D. Ariz. Apr. 5, 2007).
Case 3:12-cv-08123-HRH Document 672 Filed 09/18/15 Page 3 of 12
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United States v. Coe, 718 F.2d 830, 835 (7th Cir. 1983) (“Conspiracy as an evidentiary
rule differs from conspiracy as a crime. The crime of conspiracy comprehends much
more than just a joint venture or concerted action, whereas the evidentiary rule of
conspiracy is founded on concepts of agency law. Recognizing this, some courts refer to
the co-conspirator exception as the ‘joint venture’ or ‘concert of action’ exception.”)
(citations omitted)).
Thus, for the evidentiary co-conspirator hearsay rule the “question is merely
whether there was proof of a sufficient concert of action to show the individuals to have
been engaged in a joint venture.” United States v. Fries, 781 F.3d 1137, 1151-52 (9th
Cir. 2015) (quoting United States v. Manning, 56 F.3d 1188, 1197 (9th Cir. 1995)
(citation omitted)). Once the foundation for the concert of action has been proven, “only
‘slight evidence’ is necessary to connect a coconspirator to the conspiracy.” United
States v. Perez, 658 F.2d 654, 658 (9th Cir. 1981).
2. This Court should find a longstanding, ongoing concert of action among Defendants and FLDS Church leaders.
More than sufficient evidence already exists in the case record for this Court to
make the requisite foundational finding that Defendants are engaging in a longstanding
concert of action with FLDS Church leaders with the common purpose to use the Cities’
governments to further the directives and goals of the FLDS Church. The United States’
Opposition to Colorado City’s Motion for Summary Judgment put forth sufficient
evidence, independent of FLDS leaders’ statements, that Defendants and FLDS leaders
are engaging in a concerted action to use the Cities’ governments for the benefit of the
FLDS Church and its members, and to the detriment of non-FLDS individuals, in
violation of the Establishment Clause, Equal Protection Clause, and the Fair Housing
Act. See generally U.S. Opp’n to Col. City’s Mot. for Summ. J., ECF No. 564; U.S.
Controverting Statement of Facts [and] Statement of Facts to Support Opp’n (“U.S.
SOF”), ECF No. 565. This evidence establishes that Defendants are part of a joint
venture or concert of action with FLDS Leaders Warren Jeffs, Bishop Lyle Jeffs, FLDS
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Leader messengers Isaac and Nephi Jeffs, and other former Bishops and FLDS leader
aides. For brevity’s sake, the United States incorporates that previously submitted
evidence, and only highlight some portions of their concerted action here.
The evidence the United States submitted to support Defendants’ Establishment
Clause violations itself provides the requisite foundation of the joint venture or concerted
action among Defendants and FLDS leaders. FLDS leaders, including Bishop Lyle Jeffs
and former Bishop John Wayman, direct and approve who becomes CCMO officers, and
remove officers who have fallen out of FLDS leaders’ favor. U.S SOF 7-8 (evidence
from former Chief Marshal Helaman Barlow, former Bishop Aide Dowayne Barlow, and
former FLDS Church Security Leader Willie Jessop). In approximately October 2005,
then Chief Marshal Fred Barlow wrote fugitive Warren Jeffs a letter stating, inter alia,
that he was following Warren Jeffs’s directives regarding his police duties; that all
officers had stated their desire to follow FLDS directives; and that he would stand with
Jeffs and continue to follow FLDS directives.3
CCMO have secretly recorded conversations with outside law enforcement,
including the FBI, with the intention that the recordings would be given to FLDS Leaders
Warren or Lyle Jeffs, U.S. SOF 20 (evidence from former Chief Marshal Helaman
Barlow), and frustrated efforts of outside law enforcement to apprehend fugitive Warren
Jeffs and [one time] Bishop John Wayman. U.S. SOF 10-14, 22 (evidence from former
U.S. SOF 9. Independent evidence,
beyond FLDS leaders’ co-conspirator statements, of this ongoing concert of action
continues with a June 2012 letter that then Colorado City Mayor George Barlow [Allred]
wrote to Warren Jeffs in prison asking Jeffs for directives on who should occupy CCMO
positions. U.S. SOF 16.
3 Statements and documents by Defendant officials are admissible as opposing party
admissions under Fed. R. Evid. 801(D)(2)(A) & 801(D)(2)(D). Additionally, FLDS leaders’ directives are not hearsay because they are not offered for the truth of the matter asserted.
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Bishop Aide Dowayne Barlow, Arizona P.O.S.T., and former Chief Marshal Helaman
Barlow.)
While the evidence of the excessive entanglement and fusion of Defendants and
the FLDS Church that the United States put forth to support the Establishment Clause
violations more than establishes the concert of action for the purposes of the co-
conspirator hearsay rule, incidents of the Defendants’ discrimination against non-FLDS
individuals, and in favor of FLDS members, adds further foundation to the concert of
action. Many of these incidents included direct, independent evidence of Defendants’
allegiance to particular FLDS leaders and their aides, over non-FLDS members. For
example, during the ECO Alliance/Johnson Avenue incident in February 21, 2013, which
involved property stolen from former FLDS Church Security Leader Willie Jessop, the
CCMO refused to investigate evidence that Lyle Jeffs’s counselors were involved. U.S.
SOFs 42, 45-46; see also U.S. SOF 31 (evidence of Lyle Jeffs’s directive to Church
Security members to go after Willie Jessop because Jessop had left the Church). The
CCMO knew Rich and Terrance Barlow were Lyle Jeffs’s counselors, and refused a
prosecutor’s request for the CCMO to interview them. U.S. SOF 43, 52-53. About a
week later, on March 2, the prison where Warren Jeffs is incarcerated taped a visitation
by Isaac and Nephi Jeffs, where Isaac told Warren that they “got the stuff that Willie had
back” and asked Warren what he wanted to do with it. I. Jeffs Dep. 44:24-47:5, [Ex. 1].
During the discriminatory trespassing arrest of former Bishop William E. Timpson
Jessop, [then CCMO Sergeant] Helaman Barlow stopped Officer Cooke from booking
the former Bishop into the jail, and released William E. with a citation. U.S. SOF 61.
Afterwards, Officer Cooke admitted during a CCMO meeting that he had consulted with
Bishop Lyle Jeffs about whether he could trust Helaman Barlow – and that Lyle Jeff’s
had said that he could. U.S. SOF 62 (evidence from former Chief Marshal Helaman
Barlow); see United Steelworkers of Am. v. Phelps Dodge Corp., 865 F.2d 1539, 1541
(9th Cir. 1989) (“Evidence that police failed to exercise independent judgment will
support an inference of conspiracy with a private party.”).
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Beyond the Equal Protection Clause discrimination, the concert of action extends
to Fair Housing Act discrimination. Former Bishop Aide Dowayne Barlow and former
Church Security Leader Willie Jessop provided evidence that Church leaders, including
Lyle Jeffs, and Defendant officials met at Willie Jessop’s R&W building to conspire
about Defendants’ water moratorium policy, and opposing the efforts of non-FLDS UEP
Trust Special Fuduciary Bruce Wisan’s efforts to subdivide property to make it available
to non-FLDS individuals. D. Barlow Dep. 101:3-108:20, [Ex. 2]; Willie Jessop Decl.
(Sept. 5, 2013), U.S. SOF Ex. 31, ECF No. 565-2.
Moreover, many of FLDS leaders themselves indicated their belief that the
allegations in this case, if proven true, would establish that they are part of a concert of
action with Defendants. FLDS Bishop Lyle Jeffs took the Fifth Amendment throughout
his deposition. As part of his basis, Lyle Jeffs stated that “the proceedings in the case
accuse me of participating in a conspiracy to violate Federal civil rights laws.” L. Jeffs
Dep. 11:1-11:9 & Dep. Ex. 2, [Ex. 3].
FLDS Leaders/Aides Isaac and Nephi Jeffs also took the Fifth Amendment during
their depositions, and both stated the same belief4
4 Similarly, Colorado City Town Manager David Darger indicated, while asserting
the Fifth Amendment during his deposition, that “the pleadings in the present case accuse me of participating in a conspiracy to violate federal civil rights.” D. Darger Dep. Ex 17 (July 18, 2014), [Ex. 5].
as their brother Lyle Jeffs that the case
accused them “of participating in a conspiracy to violate Federal civil rights laws.” I.
Jeffs Dep. 10:24-11:3; N. Jeffs Dep. 10:17-10:21, [Ex. 4]; see also I. Jeffs Dep. 14:12–
15:19 (basing assertion on not wanting to provide link to the conspiracy with
Defendants); accord N. Jeffs Dep. 14:12-15:15. Sufficient evidence, independent of
these and their co-conspirator statements, also links Isaac and Nephi Jeffs to the concert
of action, establishing that they act as messengers/couriers between imprisoned Warren
Jeffs and FLDS leaders and members in the Cities. As noted above, the prison taped a
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visitation where they asked Warren Jeffs what to do with the “stuff” the Church got back
from Willie Jessop. Other witnesses have independently confirmed Isaac and Nephi
Jeffs’s roles as messengers/couriers for Warren Jeffs. J. N. Williams Dep. 128:15-
129:13, [Ex. 6] (former FLDS member reporting that Lyle, Isaac, and Nephi Jeffs would
report back directives from imprisoned Warren Jeffs); William E. Timpson Jessop Dep.
190:19-191:17, [Ex. 7] (former FLDS Bishop confirming that Isaac and Nephi Jeffs acted
as couriers for Warren Jeffs).
The above, and the evidence the United States has previously submitted though
out this case, establishes the requisite foundation for the concert of action among
Defendants and FLDS leaders. The above also easily establishes the “slight evidence”
necessary to connect FLDS Leaders Warren Jeffs, Bishop Lyle Jeffs, FLDS Leader
messengers Isaac and Nephi Jeffs, and other former Bishops and FLDS leader aides to
the concert of action. Perez, 658 F.2d at 658. This Court should accordingly allow the
United States to admit statements and writings, made in furtherance of the concert of
action by the FLDS leaders and aides.5
5 The United States expects to present evidence of these co-conspirator statements,
made in furtherance of the conspiracy, from live witnesses, such as former aides to Lyle Jeffs. See, e.g., D. Barlow Dep. 52.4-53:15 (explaining coercive pressures to gain entry to the United Order, such as Lyle Jeffs emphasizing in United Order meetings, that Warren Jeffs had directed that non-members were “Not [to get] even one crumb” from the Bishop’s Storehouse). The United States also expects to present co-conspirator statements through documents, such as Warren Jeffs’s records and dictations. See, e.g., Record of President Warren Jeffs, Apr. 27, 2005, [Ex. 8] (stating that he spoke to the Bishop [William E. Timpson Jessop], who “reported to me about the city council meeting, an executive city council meeting, meaning it was a meeting in private, not before the public”); Dictation on Monday, Aug. 8, 2005, [Ex. 8] (recording conversation he had with Mayor Richard Allred where he told Mayor Allred that “he as mayor of Colorado City, Arizona, is being warned by the Lord not to compromise with the world, not to allow through his legal position the compromises and wicked business of the world to enter in among our people”); Letter Written By President Warren S. Jeffs to Richard Jeffs Allred, Tuesday, Feb. 14, 2006, [Ex. 8] (“The lord has withdrawn Priesthood from you . . . you are to resign as Mayor of Colorado City, Arizona, immediately by letter to
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B. CO-CONSPIRATOR FLDS LEADERS’ INVOCATIONS OF THE FIFTH AMENDMENT
CREATE AN ADVERSE INFERENCE AGAINST DEFENDANTS
Given the close privity of their co-conspirator relationship, this Court should find
that the factfinder at trial may draw an adverse inference against Defendants from FLDS
leaders’ Fifth Amendment invocations. As noted above, FLDS Leaders’ Lyle, Isaac, and
Nephi Jeffs all invoked the Fifth Amendment throughout their depositions, and the
United States intends to have them testify at trial. See U.S. Mot. to Exclude Subst. Test.
To Which Deponents Asserted First or Fifth Amend. Privileges, ECF No. 647.
In civil proceedings, adverse inferences may be drawn against a party who relies
on the Fifth Amendment to refuse to answer questions. See Doe v. Glanzer, 232 F.3d
1258, 1264 (9th Cir. 2000); see also Nationwide Life Ins. Co. v. Richards, 541 F.3d 903,
911 (9th Cir. 2008). An adverse inference is proper when there is sufficient evidence of
the fact in question. Doe, 232 F.3d at 1264.
A court may also permit an adverse inference against a party based on a non-
party’s invocation of his/her Fifth Amendment privilege. LiButti v. United States, 107
F.3d 110, 123-24 (2d Cir.1997); Federal Deposit Ins. Corp. v. Fidelity & Deposit Co. of
Md., 45 F.3d 969, 977-78 (5th Cir. 1995). In determining whether to admit adverse
inferences against a party based on a non-party’s Fifth Amendment invocations, courts
have considered four non-exclusive factors: (1) the nature of the relevant relationships;
(2) the degree of control of the party over the non-party witness; (3) the compatibility of
the interests . . . in the outcome of the litigation; and (4) the role of the non-party witness
in the litigation. LiButti, 107 F.3d. at 123-24; see also Cotton v. City of Eureka, No. C-
the city council, and leave Short Creek as soon as possible in proper order.”); Dictation on Friday, March 10, 2006, [Ex. 8] (“I received documents from Mayor David Zitting of Hildale, Utah, updating me on the movements of this Bruce Wis[a]n for the United Effort Plan Trust.”) (“I read a letter from Helaman Barlow, one of the policemen in Short Creek, his conversation with Sheriff David Doran of Eldorado, Texas near R17, where Doran wanted from Helaman Barlow what happened at the work meeting January 14, 2006.”).
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08-04386, 2010 WL 2889498, at *4 (N.D. Cal. July 22, 2010) (finding it is “not clear”
whether the Ninth Circuit has adopted the LiButii factors, but applying them in the case.).
The ultimate “overarching concern is fundamentally whether the adverse inference is
trustworthy under all of the circumstances and will advance the search for the truth.”
LiButti, 107 F.3d. at 124. Of the four LiButti factors, the first factor – the relationship
between the non-party and the party – is the most important for determining
admissibility. Id. at 123.
Co-conspirator relationships naturally satisfy the LiButti factors, given the close
privity of the co-conspirator relationship, the compatibility of co-conspirator interests,
and the role of the non-party co-conspirator in the litigation. So long as there is sufficient
independent proof of the concert of action and the non-party’s link to the concert of
action, the non-party’s invocation of the Fifth Amendment justifies an adverse inference
against the party at trial. See In re Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM)
Antitrust Litig., 681 F. Supp. 2d 141, 153 (D. Conn. 2009) (collecting cases) (citing In re
Scrap Metal Antitrust Litig., No. 1:02cv844, 2006 WL 2850453 (N.D. Ohio 2006); State
Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co. v. Abrams, No. 96–C–6365, 2000 WL 574466, at *7 (N.D. Ill.
May 11, 2000); United States v. Dist. Council of N.Y. City & Vicinity of the United Bhd.
of Carpenters & Joiners of Am., 832 F. Supp. 644, 652 (S.D.N.Y. 1993).
The above foundational evidence establishes the concert of action among
Defendants and FLDS leaders, including the connection between Lyle, Isaac, and Nephi
Jeffs, and other FLDS leaders to the joint venture. Based on that evidence, this Court
should allow an adverse inference from their Fifth Amendment assertions because an
“adverse inference is trustworthy under all of the circumstances and will advance the
search for the truth.” LiButti, 107 F.3d. at 124.
CONCLUSION
For the forgoing reasons, this Court should rule in limine: (1) that FLDS Church
leaders’ statements constitute co-conspirator statements of Defendants, excluded from
hearsay under Fed. R. Evid. 801(d)(2)(E); and (2) given this co-conspirator relationship,
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that FLDS Leaders’ invocations of the Fifth Amendment allow an adverse inference
against Defendants.
Respectfully submitted, R. TAMAR HAGLER CHRISTY E. LOPEZ Deputy Chiefs ERIC W. TREENE Special Counsel
/s/ Matthew J. Donnelly SEAN R. KEVENEY JESSICA C. CROCKETT MATTHEW J. DONNELLY EMILY M. SAVNER SHARON I. BRETT Attorneys United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division 950 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20530 Phone: (202) 305-3216 Facsimile: (202) 514-1116 E-mail: [email protected]
September 18, 2015
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CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
I certify that on September 18, 2015, I caused a copy of the foregoing UNITED
STATES’ MOTION IN LIMINE TO ADMIT FLDS CHURCH LEADERS’ CO-CONSPIRATOR STATEMENTS AND FOR FIFTH AMENDMENT ADVERSE INFERENCE to be sent via the Court’s ECF system to the following:
Jeffrey C. Matura Asha Sebastian Graif Barrett & Matura, P.C. 1850 North Central Avenue, Suite 500 Phoenix, Arizona 85004 Attorneys for Defendant Town of Colorado City R. Blake Hamilton Ashley M. Gregson Durham Jones & Pinegar 111 East Broadway, Suite 900 Salt Lake City, Utah 84111 Attorneys for Defendants City of Hildale, and Twin City Water Authority
/s/ Matthew J. Donnelly MATTHEW J. DONNELLY Attorney for the United States
Case 3:12-cv-08123-HRH Document 672 Filed 09/18/15 Page 12 of 12
Exhibit 1
Case 3:12-cv-08123-HRH Document 672-1 Filed 09/18/15 Page 1 of 58
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Exhibit 3
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Case 3:12-cv-08123-HRH Document 672-1 Filed 09/18/15 Page 27 of 58
ASSERTION OF PRIVILEGE UNDER THE FIFTH AMENDMENT TOTHE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION AND ARTICLE 2, SECTION 10
OF THE AR.IZONA CONSTITUTION
Solely upon advice of counsel, I am asserting my rights under Article 2,
Section 10 of the Arizona Constitution and the Fifth Amendment to the United
States Constitution. The Fifth Amendment applies in civil as well as criminal
proceedings and also protects against the disclosure of information that is not
directly incriminating, but could provide an indirect link to incriminating
evidence.l Although I am not currently charged with any crime, the pleadings in
the present case accuse me of participating in a conspiracy to violate federal civil
rights laws which is a federal criminal offense.2 There is an ongoing concerted
effort between and among state and federal govemments specifically targeting the
beliefs and practices of my religion for criminal prosecution.3 The pleadings in the
present case also indicate that the Arizona Attorney General's Office has
convened a grand juryo and the ArizonaAttorney General has publicly announced
that he "organized a task force of federal, state and local law-enforcement
t Do, v. Glanzer, 232F .3d 1258, 1263 (grh Cir. 2000).
' rB u.s.c. $ 241.' See Crimes Associated with Polygamy: The Need for a Coordinated State andFederal Resþonse (Hearing before the Committee on the Judiciary United StatesSenate, 110'n Congress, 2no Session, July 24,2008, S. Hrg. 110-526).u Colorado City's Response to the United States' Motion to Compel Deposition
Ë DEPostrTõffi
F "rxuntr"g.*/3* 6 t ¡,'++çÊ
ñ '/ -7a
:-Qr t -5'-
Evidence Regarding Religious Information, ECF No. 196, p. 16.
Case 3:12-cv-08123-HRH Document 672-1 Filed 09/18/15 Page 28 of 58
officials."s Pleadings in a civil forfeiture matter in the State of Texas accuse me of
participating in criminal conduct. 6
I have been offered no assurances, formal or informal, that I will not be
subjected to criminal prosecution by state or federal authorities. I have not
received a grant of irnmunity from either state or federal prosecution. A valid
assertion of the Fifth Amendment privilege does not require an imminent criminal
prosecution or investigation.T The mere possibility of criminal prosecution is all
that is necessary for the Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination to
be properly invoked.s A possibility of prosecution exists where the witness has not
received a grant of irnmunity, the statute of limitations has not run, double
jeopardy doés not apply, and there are no other concrete indications that a criminal
prosecution is barred.e An assertion of the Fifth Amendment privilege cannot be
overridden unless it is perfectly clear that the answers cannot possibly have a
tendency to incriminate.r0 A witness also has the right to refuse to provide an
t St, Arizona Attorney General Horne Explains Colorado City,
State of Texas v. 2420 CounQ Road 300, El Dorado, Schleícher County, Texas,
76936,51" Judicial District, Cause No. 3164.7 Engelbrick v. llorthíngton Industríes, Únc.,670 F.Supp.2d 1040, 1050 (C.D.Ca1.200e).8 Mattu of Seper,705 F.2d l4gg, 1501 (9th Cir. 1983); In re Master KeyLÌtígation, 507 F.2dZg2,2g3 (gth Cir. 1974).e Engelbrick v. [4/orthíngton Industries, Inc., 670 F.Supp.2d 1040, 1050 (C.D.Cal.200e).to Ho¡¡*orv. United States,34l U.S. 479,488 (1951).
Case 3:12-cv-08123-HRH Document 672-1 Filed 09/18/15 Page 29 of 58
answer that might constitute a waiver, in whole or in part, of the Fifth Amendment
privilege.ll
Accordingly, upon advice of counsel, I expressly decline to answer your
questions, and I assert my rights under the United States and Arizona
Constitutions.
tt Mott", of Seper, 7 05 F .2d l4gg, 150 1-02 19th Cir. 1983).
Case 3:12-cv-08123-HRH Document 672-1 Filed 09/18/15 Page 30 of 58
Exhibit 4
Case 3:12-cv-08123-HRH Document 672-1 Filed 09/18/15 Page 31 of 58
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Case 3:12-cv-08123-HRH Document 672-1 Filed 09/18/15 Page 38 of 58
Exhibit 5
Case 3:12-cv-08123-HRH Document 672-1 Filed 09/18/15 Page 39 of 58
ASSERTIONI OF PRIVILEGE INDER THE FIFTH AMENDMEI.{T TO THELINITED STATES CONSTITUTION AND ARTICLE 2, SECTION 10 OFTHE ARIZONIA CONSTITUTIONI (Each and every assertion íncorporøtes by
reference, this docutnent as if it had been read into the record)
Solely upon advice of counsel, I am asserting my rights under Afücle 2,
Section 10 of the Arizona Constitution and the Fifth Amendment to the ljnited
States Constifution. The Fifth Amendment applies in civil as well as criminal
proceedings and also protects against the disclosure of information that is not
directly incriminating, but could provide an indirect link to incriminating
evidence.l Although I am not currently charged with any crime, the pleadings in
the present case accuse me of participating in a conspiracy to violate federal
civil rights laws which is a federal criminal offense.2 There is an ongoing
concerted effort between and among state and federal governments specifically
targeting the beliefs and practices of my religion for criminal prosecution.3 The
pleadings in the present case also indicate that the Arizona Attorney General's
Office has convened a grand jnryo and the Arizona Attorney General has
I Doe v. Glanzer, 232F.3d 1258, 1263 (9'b Cir. 2000).2 l8 U.S.C. ç24t.3 ,See Crimes Associated with Polygamy: The Need for a Coordinated State and Federal Response(Hearing before the Committee on the Judiciary United States Senate, li0t Congress,2n Session, July24,2008, S. Hrg. 110-526).4 Colorado City's Resporse to the United States'Motion to Compel Deposition'Evidence RegardingReligious Infonnation, ECF No. 196, p. 16.
Case 3:12-cv-08123-HRH Document 672-1 Filed 09/18/15 Page 40 of 58
publicly announced that he 'rorganized a task force of federal, state and local
law- enforcement off,rcials."s
I have been offered no assurances, fonnal or informal, that I will not be
subjected to criminal prosecution by state or federal authorities. I have not
received a granl of immunity from either state or federal prosecution. A valid
assertion of the Fifth Amendment privilege does not require an imminent
criminal prosecution or investigation.6 The mere possibility of criminal
prosecution is all that is necessary for the Fifth Amendment privilege against
seif-incrimination to be properly invoked.T A possibility of prosecution exists
where the witness has not received a grant of immunity, the stafute of limitations
has not run, double jeopardy does not appiy, and there are no other concrete
indications that a criminal prosecution is barred.s An assertion of the Fifth
Amendment privilege cannot be overridden unless tt is perfectly clear that the
answers cannot possibly have a tendency to incriminate.e A witness also has the
5 See Arizona Attorney General Home Explains Colorado City, https://wrvw.azag.gov/colorad.o-citJ¡/explanation6 Engelbrfck v. Worthington Industries, 1nc.,670 F.Supp. 2d 1040,1050 (C.D.Cai.2009).7 Mott"r of Seper, 705 F.2d,l4gg, 1501(9th Cir. 1983); In re Master Key Litigarion, 50T F.2d2g2,293 (gthCir.1974).8 Engetbrick v. L\orthington Indttstries, 1nc.,670 F.Supp. 2d 1040,1050 (C.D.C al. 2009).e Hoff;nøn v. United States,341 U.S. 479,488 (1951).
Case 3:12-cv-08123-HRH Document 672-1 Filed 09/18/15 Page 41 of 58
right to reftrse to provide an answer that might constifute a waiver, in whole or
in par1, of the Fifth Amendment privilege.l0
'The United States Supreme Court has recognized that the Fifth
Amendment protects everyone, even innocent people, frorn a need to
anstryer questions if the truth might be used to create the misleading
impression that they rvere somehow involved in a crime they did not
commit, and have rejected any adverse assumptions or irnplications of guilt
about anyone lvho exercises these cherished constitutional rights.
Accordingly, upon advice of counsei, I expressly decline to answer your
questions, and I assert my rights as an innocent man under the lJnited States and
At ízona Constitutions.
t0 Matter of Seper, 105 F .2d L499,I5AI-02 (9fh Cir. 1983).
Case 3:12-cv-08123-HRH Document 672-1 Filed 09/18/15 Page 42 of 58
Exhibit 6
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© www.CourtReportersAz.com (480)481-0649SUBJECT TO PROTECTIVE ORDER
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
DISTRICT OF ARIZONA
United States of America, ) ) Plaintiff, ) ) vs. ) No. CV-12-8123-PCT-HRH ) Town of Colorado City, )Arizona; City of Hildale, )Utah; Twin City Power; and )Twin City Water Authority, )Inc., ) ) Defendants. ) )
THE DEPOSITION OF JEROLD WILLIAMS (Videotaped)
St. George, Utah April 23, 2014
9:05 a.m.
(ORIGINAL)PREPARED FOR: REPORTED BY: Az Litigation Support, LLC Marty Herder, CCR DISTRICT COURT Certified Court Reporter CCR No. 50162
Case 3:12-cv-08123-HRH Document 672-1 Filed 09/18/15 Page 44 of 58
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details it, but there was some trading for some other land
to get that piece of property purchased, traded, whatever.
And there were several of the men from there
involved in it.
And I wasn't one of them. I don't know all the
intricate details of it.
Just that's about it.
Q. What about structure number three, can you tell us
what that is?
A. That was built and called the storehouse
distribution center. It was built for a storehouse for
supplying the needs of people, food, clothing, whatever.
Q. And is that a structure that -- that you helped
coordinate the building of --
A. I did. I did. I was involved in it.
I -- I wasn't personally on site supervising.
Another man was doing that. But I was the general
supervisor of all the projects at the time that that was
being built.
Q. Okay.
And then number two, do you see that?
A. Yes, I see it.
Q. Can you tell me what those structures are?
A. Three -- three separate buildings.
The biggest one was intended as a home for Warren
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Jeffs' family to use, because he had moved them all out of
the original house he had there at Short Creek and somebody
else was in it. He asked that that be built.
The other one was built originally with the idea
that Wendell Nielsen, who was one of the first presidents,
he would use it when he was in town, because he didn't have
the house that he built still.
And the other one was supposed to be a special
building for -- the inference was that it was for
ordinances, like religious ordinances, like endowment,
married -- I don't know. It wasn't specifically stated.
But since then I've found out that what some of it
was intended to be used for, and that's basically what it
was.
It was portrayed as some sacred project that
Warren Jeffs directed to be built.
Q. And --
A. For him to do this ordinance work, which I found
out later what kind of stuff was really going on.
So I'm actually kind of glad they still don't have
it, to be real honest with you. Because I don't want to see
that happen to anybody's children.
Q. The -- the structures of number two, are you
saying that those are residences?
A. Yes.
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Q. Okay.
And so --
A. Well, the third one is -- it can be a residence.
I mean, it has a kitchen. It has dining and
living areas. But without going too much into it, there was
other things he had in mind using it for.
Q. Okay. And just so the record is clear, you're
referring to the third --
A. Yeah.
Q. -- building under number two.
A. Right.
Q. Okay.
A. Right.
Q. And --
A. When that was built, there was only specific
people who were assigned to work on it. No one else was
supposed to set foot on that little parcel, only those
appointed to do it.
Q. And why was that?
MR. MATURA: Object to foundation.
THE WITNESS: He was trying to give the impression
to everyone that it was really sacred and only the people
named by him were supposed to be involved in it.
BY MR. DONNELLY:
Q. And who is he in that?
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A. Warren Jeffs.
Q. And so how do you know what you just said?
A. Well, I didn't personally talk to Warren about it.
I took the word of whoever went and got what he said from
the jail, and brought it, which was usually either his
brother Isaac or his brother Nephi or Lyle. And they
generally brought back these writings telling everybody what
they were supposed to do.
Q. And so Isaac and Nephi Jeffs would relay messages
from Warren Jeffs.
A. Yes.
Out -- they would go visit him and tell everybody
what to do, what he said to do.
Q. And so for structures under number one,
number two, and number three, were they constructed with,
I'll say, fittings and pipes for culinary water?
MR. MATURA: Object to foundation.
THE WITNESS: Yes, they were intended to be used
just like any other place, as far as I know, where it was
plumbed and everything for regular dwelling and use.
BY MR. DONNELLY:
Q. You were in charge of -- you were one of the
supervisors of --
A. There wasn't anything special.
You mean, like did they just have irrigation water
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Exhibit 7
Case 3:12-cv-08123-HRH Document 672-1 Filed 09/18/15 Page 49 of 58
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
DISTRICT OF ARIZONA
Civil No. 3:12-CV-08123-HRH
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, ) ) Plaintiff, ) ) vs. ) )Town of Colorado City, Arizona; )City of Hildale, Utah; Twin City Power;)and Twin City Water Authority, Inc., ) ) Defendants. )_______________________________________)
VIDEOTAPED DEPOSITION OF
WILLIAM E. TIMPSON JESSOP
Taken at the Law Offices ofDurham Jones & Pinegar
192 East 200 North, Third FloorSt. George, Utah
On Tuesday, July 9, 2014At 1:04 P.M.
Reported by: J. Elizabeth Van Fleet, RPR, CCR
Case 3:12-cv-08123-HRH Document 672-1 Filed 09/18/15 Page 50 of 58
WILLIAM E. TIMPSON JESSOP 7.9.14
1 MR. HAMILTON: Objection --
2 Q. -- right now?
3 MR. HAMILTON: Objection, form.
4 A. Yes.
5 Q. And same with the cities' assistance to
6 the FLDS Church and its surveillance of non-FLDS
7 members, is it possible that there's other things
8 that you might know about that topic that you just
9 don't remember sitting here today?
10 MR. HAMILTON: Objection, form.
11 A. Yes.
12 Q. And then same with the coordination of
13 church security personnel and the CCMO, is it
14 possible that there's other information or other
15 knowledge that you have about that topic, that you
16 just don't recall sitting here today?
17 A. Yes.
18 MR. HAMILTON: Objection, form.
19 Q. Who was it that -- you mentioned a phone
20 that you had that you would answer calls from
21 Warren.
22 Who gave you that phone?
23 A. I am not real certain whether it was a
24 meeting that I had with himself or if it was one of
25 his brothers, which got it to me.
VAN FLEET COURT REPORTING, INC. (435) 652-9971
190
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WILLIAM E. TIMPSON JESSOP 7.9.14
1 Q. Which --
2 A. I -- I believe it would have been from
3 himself, because I remember clearly him telling me
4 to only use it. So whether it was on the phone
5 when he made the call, if they've -- if one of his
6 -- Isaac or someone handed me the phone and -- and
7 then he called it and gave me the instructions, I
8 don't remember exactly. But it was something to
9 that effect.
10 Q. So it's possible -- and when you say
11 "Isaac," do you mean Isaac Jeffs?
12 A. His brother, Isaac Jeffs.
13 Q. Was Isaac Jeffs ever a courier for Warren
14 Jeffs?
15 A. Yes.
16 Q. And what about Nephi Jeffs?
17 A. Yes.
18 Q. I want to ask you some questions about the
19 incident when you were arrested.
20 Did Ruth Steed invite you into the home?
21 A. Yes.
22 Q. And did you enter that home through a back
23 door?
24 I think you mentioned that --
25 A. Yes.
VAN FLEET COURT REPORTING, INC. (435) 652-9971
191
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Exhibit 8
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IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE
DISTRICT OF ARIZONA United States,
Plaintiff; v.
Town of Colorado City, Arizona, et al.,
Defendants.
No. 3:12cv8123-HRH
ORDER
United States’ Motion in Limine to Admit FLDS Church Leaders’ Co-Conspirator
Statements and for Fifth Amendment Adverse Inference
For the reasons set forth in the United States motion in limine to admit FLDS
Church leaders’ co-conspirators statements and for Fifth Amendment an adverse
inference, it is ordered that (1) FLDS Church leaders’ statements constitute co-
conspirator statements of Defendants, and are therefore excluded from hearsay under
Federal Rule of Evidence 801(d)(2)(E); and (2) given this co-conspirator relationship,
FLDS leaders’ invocation of the Fifth Amendment permits an adverse inference against
Defendants.
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