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The Rise of Industry in the United States

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Page 1: U.S. Industrializes After Civil War, the U.S. rapidly expands Millions left their farms to work in mines and factories Early 1900s, the U.S. becomes the

The Rise of Industry in the United States

Page 2: U.S. Industrializes After Civil War, the U.S. rapidly expands Millions left their farms to work in mines and factories Early 1900s, the U.S. becomes the

U.S. IndustrializesAfter Civil War, the U.S. rapidly

expandsMillions left their farms to work in

mines and factoriesEarly 1900s, the U.S. becomes the

world’s leading industrial nationBy 1914, the GNP was 8 times

greater than at the end of the Civil War

GNP (gross national product)- total value of all goods and services produced by a country

Page 3: U.S. Industrializes After Civil War, the U.S. rapidly expands Millions left their farms to work in mines and factories Early 1900s, the U.S. becomes the

ReasonsAbundant Natural Resources

U.S. was fortunate to have an abundance of natural resources: water, timber, coal, iron, & copper

Could be obtained cheaply and not have to be imported from other countries

Mining and the Transcontinental RR helped spark the growth of industry

Page 4: U.S. Industrializes After Civil War, the U.S. rapidly expands Millions left their farms to work in mines and factories Early 1900s, the U.S. becomes the

ReasonsAbundant Natural Resources

Oil was found. High demand for kerosene.

Edwin Drake (1859) drilled first oil well in PA, then spread all the way to TX by 1900, fueling economic expansion.

First Oil Well

Page 5: U.S. Industrializes After Civil War, the U.S. rapidly expands Millions left their farms to work in mines and factories Early 1900s, the U.S. becomes the

ReasonsLarge Work Force

Human resources were as important to industrialization as were natural resources

Between 1860 & 1910, U.S. population tripled

People were having larger families

Large number of immigrants to U.S (About 20 million arrived between 1870 – 1910)

Italian Immigrants1880

Page 6: U.S. Industrializes After Civil War, the U.S. rapidly expands Millions left their farms to work in mines and factories Early 1900s, the U.S. becomes the

ReasonsFree Enterprise

Practice of “laissez-faire” (let people do as they choose)

Belief that government should not interfere with the economy

Relies upon supply & demand creating competition among businesses & lower prices

AdamSmith

Page 7: U.S. Industrializes After Civil War, the U.S. rapidly expands Millions left their farms to work in mines and factories Early 1900s, the U.S. becomes the

ReasonsFree Enterprise

Many entrepreneurs (people willing to risk their money to start a business) appeared in late 1800s

Private capital from foreign investors (make more $ in U.S. than home countries) also helped spur industrial growth.

The majority of foreign investors were British.

Page 8: U.S. Industrializes After Civil War, the U.S. rapidly expands Millions left their farms to work in mines and factories Early 1900s, the U.S. becomes the

ReasonsGovernment’s Role in

IndustrializationU.S. practiced laissez-faire in late 1800s:

low taxes, low spending, little regulation of businesses, wages, and prices

During the Civil War the Morrill Tariff was passed to protect American businesses and to allow them to compete with Western Europe

Page 9: U.S. Industrializes After Civil War, the U.S. rapidly expands Millions left their farms to work in mines and factories Early 1900s, the U.S. becomes the

ReasonsGovernment’s Role in

IndustrializationHigher tariffs contradicted laisses-faire and hurt American trade as foreign countries raised tariffs on U.S. products also

The higher tariffs also hurt farmers who wanted to sell their products to Europe.

Ironically the problems farmers faced may have helped to speed up the Industrial growth as many rural Americans left their farms and headed to the cities to take jobs in factories.

Page 10: U.S. Industrializes After Civil War, the U.S. rapidly expands Millions left their farms to work in mines and factories Early 1900s, the U.S. becomes the

Technology: New Inventions

Alexander Graham Bell

Telephone 1876

Page 11: U.S. Industrializes After Civil War, the U.S. rapidly expands Millions left their farms to work in mines and factories Early 1900s, the U.S. becomes the

Technology: New Inventions

Page 12: U.S. Industrializes After Civil War, the U.S. rapidly expands Millions left their farms to work in mines and factories Early 1900s, the U.S. becomes the

Technology: New InventionsThomas Edison

Thomas Edison created 1,093 inventions.He was still inventing when he died on October 18, 1931.

Page 13: U.S. Industrializes After Civil War, the U.S. rapidly expands Millions left their farms to work in mines and factories Early 1900s, the U.S. becomes the

Technology: New InventionsThomas Edison

The Light BulbEdison began

work on the light bulb in 1877.

This led to the 1st commercial light system; constructed in Manhattan.

Page 14: U.S. Industrializes After Civil War, the U.S. rapidly expands Millions left their farms to work in mines and factories Early 1900s, the U.S. becomes the

Technology: New InventionsThomas Edison

The phonograph was Edison’s favorite invention, patented in 1878.

It was developed due to his involvement with the telegraph and the telephone.

Edison wanted a phonograph in every home.

The first phonograph used tin foil on a cylinder, Edison recorded Mary Had A Little Lamb

Page 15: U.S. Industrializes After Civil War, the U.S. rapidly expands Millions left their farms to work in mines and factories Early 1900s, the U.S. becomes the

Technology: New InventionsThomas Edison

Motion Picture Camera (kinetograph)

Talking DollElectric MotorStorage BatteryMotion Picture Viewer

(kinetoscope) Founded the motion picture

industry


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