US History

Mrs. Toth

THE ROARING TWENTIES

WHAT WE ARE LEAVING BEHIND:

War Death Flu

PTSD Loneliness

WHAT WE HAVE TO LOOK FORWARD TOO:

Nativism• No More Immigrants!

Red Scare:• Palmer Raids, Sacco and

Vanzetti, KKK, Quotas

Isolationism• League of Nations (War)

Prosperity• Lifestyles, Inventions, Leisure

Activities

The 20s

RED

SCARE

HYS

TERIA

• RUSSIAN REVOLUTION • VLADAMIR LENIN AND RED

ARMY

• 1ST COMMUNIST LEADER OF RUSSIA

• FORMED THE U.S.S.R.• (UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST

REPUBLICS)

• VOWED TO SPREAD COMMUNISM ACROSS THE WORLD

FEAR OF COMMUNISM

• Palmer Raids• U.S. Attorney General

• Communists, Socialists, Anarchists

• Invaded private homes and offices, jailed suspects without counsel, deported immigrants

FEAR OF COMMUNISM

• Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti• Italian Immigrants

• Braintree, MA

• Arrested for Murder and Robbery

• Circumstantial evidence

• Convicted and electrocuted

FEAR OF COMMUNISM

Nativism…

AT ITS

WORST!

NATIVISM AT ITS WORST!• KKK of the 20s

• Destroying sallons

• Opposing unions

• Roman Catholics

• Jews

• Immigrants

• Marcus Garvey

• The Quota System

• Emergency Quota Act of 1921• Set a quota for each nationality

• Immigration Act of 1924• 2% of population from 1890

• All Asians Excluded

Warren G. H

arding

ADMINISTRATION OF WARREN G. HARDING• Campaign Slogan

• Return to Normalcy

• Isolationism

• Fordney-McCumber Tariff• Raised taxes on imports 60%

• Britain and France can’t sell

• Look to Germany, INFLATION!

• Loans to Britain and France

• CREATED LOANS TO PAY OURSELVES BACK!

SCANDALS OF THE HARDING ADMINISTRATION

• Charles R. Forbes• Head of Veterans Bureau• Illegally selling supplies

• Attorney General• Taking Bribes

• Albert B. Fall• Secretary of Interior• Teapot Dome, Wyoming and Elk Hills, California• Oil Reserves for Navy transferred to his name• $400,000 “loans, bonds, and cash”

Lifestyle

Changes!

CARS!• Model T

• Henry Ford

• Assembly

• $850 (1909)- $290 (1924)

• 400,000 miles of road

• Installment Plans

• Now think about: advertising, tourism, housing, shopping, construction, shopping, etc.)

• US Postal Service

• Mail Carrying Service

• Development of weather forecasting

• Charles Lindbergh and Amelia Earhart

• 1927 Pan American Airways

• First Transatlantic Passenger Flight

AIRPLANES!

ELECTRICAL CONVENIENCESGoods and Prices, 1900

and 19281900 1928

Winger and washboard $5 Washing Machine $150

Brushes and Brooms $5 Vacuum Cleaner $50

Sewing Machine (Mechanical) $25 Sewing Machine (Electric) $60

Advertising

18th Amendment ratified in January of 1919

Volstead Act ratified in October of 1919

Resulted in: Bootlegging and Speakeasies

GANGS IN THE CITY!• Criminal Gangs began

controlling liquor sales

• Al Capone controlled Chicago’s underworld ($60 million a year)

• St. Valentine’s Day Massacre 1929• Capone’s gang murdered 7

members of a rival gang

• Fundamentalism

• TN Legislature

• ACLU

• Scopes “Monkey” Trial

THE CLASH OF SCIENCE AND RELIGION

• Clarence Darrow: Scope’s Attorney

• William Jennings Bryan: Prosecuting Attorney

• Deep Division in the Country:

• Traditional vs. Scientific

THE CLASH OF SCIENCE AND RELIGION

• “Flappers”• Lifestyle in Public!• SHORT• BRIGHT• CLOSE FITTING

• Working outside the home

WOMEN OF THE 20S!

• Education

• Graduation Rates

• College

• Reader’s Digest and Time

• Radio

• Sports: Babe Ruth

• Charles Lindbergh

• Movies

• “The Jazz Singer” 1927

• “Disney’s Steamboat Willie”

• Arts

• Plays, Painting, Writing, Theater

POPULAR CULTURE

• F. Scott Fitzgerald

• The Great Gatsby

• Ernest Hemingway

• A Farewell to Arms

• “Lost Generation”

POPULAR CULTURE!

• Harlem, NY

• Harlem, Renaissance

• Langston Hughes

• Louis Armstrong

• Bessie Smith

HARLEM RENAISSANCE AND THE JAZZ!