us history ch 6.1
TRANSCRIPT
U.S. History
Chapter 6: Conflicts in the ColoniesSection 1: Trouble on the Frontier
Colonists’ Relations with American Indians
1620: Pilgrims arrive in Massachusetts
Colonists’ Relations with American Indians
1621: Chief Massasoit of the Wampanoag signed a peace treaty with the Pilgrims
Colonists’ Relations with American Indians
“I am determined not to live until I have no country”
--Metacomet
Colonists’ Relations with American Indians
•Metacomet: Wampanoag chief who led Indian tribes in King Philip’s WarMetacomet
a.k.a. “King Philip”
Colonists’ Relations with American Indians
•Militia—body of civilians serving as soldiers
•Attacked each other’s settlements & crops
•1676: Conflict ends
Colonists’ Relations with American Indians
•The Cost:–Indians attacked over one-half of New England's 92 towns
–600 colonists dead
–3,000 Indians dead
Colonists’ Relations with American Indians
Colonists’ Relations with American Indians
•Indian Alliances
–British: Iroquois League
–French: Algonquian & Huron
Conflicts with France
•King William’s War (1689-97)
•Queen Anne's War (1702-13)
Conflicts with France
•King George’s War (1740-48)
•British & French continue to compete over Ohio Valley & Great Lakes region
Conflicts with France
• French build forts in Ohio Valley
• 1753: Robert Dinwiddie demands French give up forts
Gov. Robert Dinwiddie
Conflicts with France
• George Washington sent on expedition
• French refuse to give up forts
George Washington
Conflicts with France
•Colonists realize they are poorly organized
•1754: Seven colonies send delegates to Albany, NY
Conflicts with France
• Objective: treaty with the Iroquois
• Benjamin Franklin writes Albany Plan of union
Benjamin Franklin
Conflicts with France
•Albany Plan of Union—called for the colonies to unite for the first time under a president general & a grand council
Conflicts with France
REJECTED!
The French & Indian War
French & Indian War = Seven Years’ War
The French & Indian War
• Dinwiddie orders a fort built at the forks
• French forces drive off the Virginians
The French & Indian War
French construct Ft. Duquesne
The French & Indian War
• While the Albany Plan was being written, George Washington & his troops were fighting the French in the Ohio Valley
George Washington
Washington establishes camp at Great Meadows
The French & Indian War
Washington receives word that a group of French troops are encamped nearby
The French & Indian War
•Ensign Joseph Coulon de Villiers de Jumonville killed
•Jumonville claimed he was a diplomat
The French & Indian War
Washington constructs a “Fort of Necessity”
The French & Indian War
•French attack Washington
•Washington forced to surrender Capt. Louis Coulon
de Villiers
The French & Indian War
•Casualties—people who are killed, wounded, captured, or missing in a war
The French & Indian War•Edward
Braddock: General who led the British army and the colonial militia in the Seven Years’ War
The French & Indian War
•1755: Braddock sets out to lay siege to Ft. Duquesne
•Ambushed by French & Indian forces
•500 British casualties
The French & Indian War
General Braddock among the dead
The French & Indian War
•1759: James Wolfe captures Quebec
•Fighting continues until 1763
General James Wolfe
Treaty of Paris
•British gains:
–All of Canada
–French lands east of the Mississippi River
–Florida
Treaty of Paris
•Spanish gains:
–All French territory West of the Mississippi River
–New Orleans