U.S. History: Basic

Timeline for 4th Grade

Timeline, Part I:

The Native Americans

were here first.

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/388646642829643233/

Timeline, Part II:

The Spanish arrive in

the New World.

The Spanish in the Americas

1492: Christopher Columbus aboard the

Santa Maria, the Niña, and the Pinta landed at modern-day Haiti and Dominican Republic,

calling the island Hispaniola

http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/caribb/hispnola.htm

Early 1500’s - The Spanish conquered the

large native populations on the islands in the

Caribbean.

Spain was the most powerful European power

in the New World until…

1588 C.E.

England moved up in the world stage by defeating the Spanish Armada.

Wikipedia contributors. “Spanish Armada.” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 12 Jan. 2017. Web. 12 Jan. 2017.

1588 C.E.

Wikipedia contributors. “Spanish Armada.” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 12 Jan. 2017. Web. 12 Jan. 2017.

Spain was the dominant world power in the 1500s.

The Spanish tried to attack England and England’s monarch, Queen Elizabeth I, by sending a flotilla (fleet) of 130 warships. Only 1/3 of Spain’s ships survived as English and Dutch ships chased them and as storms raged.

This allowed for England to grow in power and to become the dominant empire in North America.

Timeline, Part III:

The English arrive in

the New World.

The English in North America

1497 - The English began searching for a westward route to the Orient, or Asia, for a route called the Northwest Passage.

They didn’t find that, but they colonized what is now the eastern United States.

1584 - Sir Walter Raleigh obtained a royal grant from the

Queen Elizabeth I to settle in North Carolina.

This attempt to settle Roanoke Island ended in

disaster with the loss of all of the settlers.

Roanoke Island, NC. In 1584 and in 1620. The whole area north of Spanish Florida was called Virginia at that time, even as far North as the Hudson River in New York… https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Map_showing_location_of_Jamestown_and_Roanoke_Island_Colonies.PNG

1607 –

Three Virginia Company ships carrying 120 settlers

sailed into the Chesapeake Bay and up the James

River to an area they named Jamestown. The

settlement succeeded and tobacco became their

cash crop.

Wikipedia contributors. "Chesapeake Bay." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 4 Jan. 2017. Web. 4 Jan. 2017.

Chesapeake Bay

1607: Meanwhile, concerning the Pilgrims, or Puritan Separatists, in England...

William Bradford, 2nd Governor of Plymouth, New England

Puritan Separatists in England fled from the oppressive Anglican monarchy of King James I (1603 – 1625).

William Bradford, 2nd Governor of Plymouth, New England

Fearing that their children were becoming too Dutch, the Puritan Separatists (later called Pilgrims), migrated to the Plymouth, New England.

William Bradford, 2nd Governor of Plymouth, New England

Mayflower lands at Plymouth Rock.

http://www.enchantedlearning.com/usa/states/massachusetts/

http://www.timepage.org/spl/13colony.html

Timeline, Part IV:

The Dutch arrive in the

New World.

1626: The Dutch are the people of

the Netherlands, or Holland. They settled in the New World as well. They founded New Amsterdam, which would later become New York City.

http://ontheworldmap.com/netherlands/netherlands-location-on-the-europe-map.html

1626: The Dutch founded New

Amsterdam, named after Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

http://ontheworldmap.com/netherlands/netherlands-location-on-the-europe-map.html

https://www.nyctourist.com/map1.htm

1626: New Amsterdam, which

would later become south Manhattan, New York City, was settled by the Dutch.

http://www.newamsterdamhistorycenter.org/

1647: King Charles II of England

asked his brother, the Duke of York, to acquire New Amsterdam, which is why it is now called…

http://www.newamsterdamhistorycenter.org/

https://www.nyctourist.com/map1.htm

New York Named after York, England.

Timeline, Part V:

The English’s 13

Colonies.

1681: William

Penn was a Quaker who was given a colony by King Charles II…

He called it….? Wikipedia contributors. "William Penn." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 19 Jan. 2017. Web. 19 Jan.

2017. And Harcourt Social Studies: The United States (p. 188).

Pennsylvania, the Forest of Penn

Quakers were members of a new Christian religion. They refused to engage in wars or swear allegiance to a monarch. They were persecuted by Roman Catholics, Anglicans, and other Protestants.

“The Freeman: Ideas on Liberty: http://www.quaker.org/wmpenn.html And Harcourt Social Studies: The United States (p. 188).

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/36732553186567625/

The Thirteen Colonies of England grew.

Britain wanted the French Colonies to the west… https://www.pinterest.com/pin/146789269085101528/?lp=true

http://www.watertow

n.k12.ma.us/cunniff/

americanhistorycent

ral/06lifeinbcolonies/

The_Ohio_River.htm

l

The French and Indian War

1754: While the 13 Colonies were growing, the French and Indian War began (1754-1763).

*It’s called the Seven Years War in Europe. England declared war on France. England wanted France out of the Ohio River Valley and Canada. England won.

Because some

Native

American

tribes

supported the

French and

some

supported the

English, this

war is called, in

America, the

French and

Indian War.

France gives up land east of the Mississippi River to Britain

and land west of the Mississippi River to Spain.

Pontiac’s Rebellion-An Overview. http://militaryhistory.about.com/od/battleswars16011800/p/Pontiacs-Rebellion-An-Overview.htm

Royal Proclamation of 1763: The British Crown did not want to take any more Native American land. To do so would cost too much money. So, land between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River were deemed Native American land: No English settlements allowed.

The British colonialists of the 13 Colonies, though, did not like this.

http://www.phschool.co

m/curriculum_support/t

aks/tan_1.cfm?unit=2

English colonialists did not like the Royal Proclamation of 1763, and they did not like the new taxes passed by the English Parliament. Taxes?

In order for England to pay for the French and Indian War, which protected English colonialist land from the French, the British Parliament voted for the colonialists to pay some new taxes. These tax laws were called Acts.

The American Revolution: The Roots of Revolution

1765 Stamp Act (repealed)

1766 Declaratory Act (“full power”)

1767 Townshend Acts (Included the Tea Tax. All but Tea Tax was repealed in 1770.)

1774 Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts)

The American Revolution: The Roots of Revolution

Many British Colonialists now called themselves Patriots, and they decided to form protests groups.

http://historylists.org/events/10-key-events-of-the-american-revolution.html

1774 – First Continental Congress

was formed. They decided to boycott of

British goods in the colonies. They would not buy British-made products.

http://historylists.org/events/10-key-events-of-the-american-revolution.html

The American Revolution: The Roots of Revolution

1773 – The Boston Tea Party 1776 – Declaration of Independence was signed by the Second Continental Congress.

Declaration of Independence

Key Aspect: It’s a list of grievances or complaints on behalf of the 13 colonies. These grievances explain why the colonies must rebel against King George III. It is written by Thomas Jefferson.

Thomas Jefferson.

Declaration of Independence

The Intro: “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.” (paragraph 2, Independence Hall Association. USHistory.org)

The American Revolution: The Patriots go to war with England.

1777 – The Battles of Saratoga are a turning point in the war. 1781 – British surrender at Yorktown 1783 – Treaty of Paris is signed by the 13 North American states, no longer colonies.

“The surrender of the British forces at Yorktown. Painting by John Trumbull (US

Capitol)” http://www.mountvernon.org/digital-encyclopedia/article/yorktown-campaign/

George Washington.

The American Revolution:

Sept. 17, 1787 – U.S. Constitution was signed at the Philadelphia Convention. Key Aspects: 1. It set up a government run by representatives elected by the people or appointed and approved of by the representatives.

The Northwest Ordinance of

1787 & 1789: The U.S. government decides to accept new territories to the west of the original 13 colonies as potentially new states to accept into the union. The ordinance also divides the new states into the new slavery territories (south) and the non-slavery territories (north).

Remember in 1763, France gave up land east of the

Mississippi River to Britain and land west of the

Mississippi River to Spain.

1800: Spain sold their Louisiana land back to

France.

1801 The Louisiana Purchase For $15 Million, the U.S. purchased this land from the French Emperor, Napoleon Bonaparte.

http://www.munsons-of-texas.net/i9.html

Military History Now. The Many Faces of Napoleon Bonaparte — What did the French Emperor Actually Look

Like? http://militaryhistorynow.com/2015/01/28/the-face-of-napoleon-what-did-bonaparte-actually-look-like/

Military History Now. The Many Faces of Napoleon Bonaparte — What did the French Emperor Actually Look Like? http://militaryhistorynow.com/2015/01/28/the-face-of-napoleon-what-did-bonaparte-actually-look-like/

In order to fund his war plans in Europe, Bonaparte sold the Louisiana Territory to the United States for $15 million. American History: The Louisiana Purchase. Legends of America. http://www.legendsofamerica.com/ah-louisianapurchase.html

1804-1806: Meriwether Lewis and William

Clark Expedition from St. Louis to the Pacific Ocean was assisted by Sacagawea, a Lemhi Shoshone woman.

"Lewis & Clark at Three Forks", mural in lobby of Montana House of Representatives

Wikipedia contributors. "Sacagawea." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 1 Mar. 2017. Web. 6 Mar. 2017.

Impressment means that British soldiers would kidnap Americans and force them to work as merchant marines on their British ships. http://ushistoryvocab.weebly.com/war-of-1812-causes-and-effects.html

War of 1812 (1812-1815) Between U.S. and Britain

War of 1812 (1812-1815) The U.S. Won. The poet Francis Scott Key wrote the

Star Spangled Banner, Sept. 14, 1814, as he watched the British Royal Navy attack Fort McHenry at the Battle of Baltimore.

https://mrsmillardhistory.weebly.com/star-spangled-banner.html

Wikipedia contributors. "Battle of Baltimore." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free

Encyclopedia, 5 Jan. 2018. Web. 17 Jan. 2018.

1815-1834: The United States expands west, establishing more states: Indiana, Illinois, Maine, Missouri…

1815-1834: The United States expands west, establishing more states: Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana…

1815-1834: As the U.S. claims land, more Native American tribes are forced to move west.

1840’s: Manifest Destiny Idea spread in the United States

1840’s: “Manifest Destiny” was a phrase written by John L.L. Sullivan, a journalist from 1845. He supported the idea that the United States “was destined—by God” to spread out from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean, even if that meant taking territories. It was a controversial idea at that time. http://www.history.com/topics/manifest-destiny

1845 U.S. President Polk offered to buy Alta California. Mexico refused to sell.

1846 John C. Fremont, American, explorer, tried to start a rebellion in Alta California. He spread a rumor that the Mexican military was planning to force U.S. settlers to return to the U.S.

June, 1846 Californios of Alta California rebelled against Mexico starting the California Republic. They called themselves the Osos, or Bears.

June, 1846 Californio Rebels called themselves the Osos, or Bears.

The California Republic Lasted 3 weeks.

Wikipedia contributors. "California Republic." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 18 Jan. 2017. Web. 18 Jan. 2017.

Because…

http://www.history.com/topics/mexican-american-war

The Mexican American War started 1846 - 1848

http://www.history.com/topics/mexican-american-war

Unbeknownst to the Californios, the U.S. was already at war with Mexico! Mexico and the U.S. disagreed about the border between Mexico and Texas. The U.S. sent soldiers over Mexico’s border, and Mexico attacked those soldiers. Then, the U.S. declared war. In the end, the United States won the war, and won California, Utah, Nevada, New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, and Wyoming! The U.S. paid…. Fifteen million dollars!

The California Republic ended when U.S. troops arrived in Monterey, California.

1848 U.S. and Mexico signed the Treaty of Hildago. This ended Spanish colonization north of Mexico and the Caribbean.