Chris Risbrudt, PhDChris Risbrudt, PhD

US Forest ServiceUS Forest Service

June 25, 2009June 25, 2009

US Forest Products US Forest Products Nanotechnology Program Nanotechnology Program

& Planning& Planning

AmericaAmerica’’s Forest Resource*s Forest Resource*300 million hectares (749 million acres)

About 3/4 of America’s private forests are in the East

2/3 of America’s

forests are east of the

Mississippi River

Standing Forest Biomass >22 Billion Metric tonsGrowth to Harvest >2:1Harvest ~236 million Metric tons/year (1%)

*Forestland > 10% tree cover * Includes Alaska & Hawaii

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US & Canada Produce ~ 40% of WorldUS & Canada Produce ~ 40% of World’’s s Industrial roundwoodIndustrial roundwood

Source : FAO, SOFO 07, LEK analysis

Global Wood-based Panels Production, 1970-2005

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■A healthy and robust Forest Products Industry is needed to effectively manage and pay for the cost of forest management on both privately held and public (Federal) forest lands ■Most current forest products are mature, commodity products withhigh volume/low profitability■Support science and technologies for new products and materials

NationalForest

System

State &Private Forestry

Research &Development

USDAForest Service

USDA Forest ServiceUSDA Forest Service

Forest Service Facts & Figures•Forestland & rangeland managed – 77.3 million hectares/193 million acres•Total Budget -- $4.759 Billion•Wildland fire management -- $2.132 Billion•R&D Budget -- $296 million

US Forest Service Forests and Grasslands

77.3 million Hectares

Forest Service R&D RolesForest Service R&D Roles

Support sustainable forestry and sustainable forest Support sustainable forestry and sustainable forest productsproducts as a positive economic, social, and as a positive economic, social, and ecological force within the Nationecological force within the NationOffset forest management costs (private and public Offset forest management costs (private and public lands) through use of materialslands) through use of materials that must be that must be removed to improve forest health and condition removed to improve forest health and condition Promote, conduct, and support high risk, Promote, conduct, and support high risk, fundamental researchfundamental researchAcquire and maintain state of the art Federal R&D Acquire and maintain state of the art Federal R&D utilization facilitiesutilization facilities and provide access to unique and and provide access to unique and cost effective research facilities and capacities with cost effective research facilities and capacities with other partners to move the US forestother partners to move the US forest--based economy based economy forward forward

Climate Change… Adaptation research to improve the resiliency of forests, rangelands and aquatic areas and mitigating the adverse impacts of climate change through trees, forests and forest ecosystems.

Nanotechnology…Leading-edge innovations in the development of wood products.

Biofuels… Alternative energy sources and new markets that contribute to energy security and independence while reducing greenhouse gases.

Urban Natural Resources Stewardship …The management, protection and stewardship of urban natural resources to improve people’s lives.

Water Management and Restoration… Best management practices designed to protect and restore watersheds that enhance water quantity and quality

Forest Service R&D Growth Forest Service R&D Growth PlatformsPlatforms

NanotechnologyNanotechnology is the understanding and control of is the understanding and control of matter at dimensions of roughly 1 to 100 nanometers, matter at dimensions of roughly 1 to 100 nanometers, where unique phenomena enable novel applications. where unique phenomena enable novel applications.

Nanotechnology R&DNanotechnology R&D is directed toward understanding is directed toward understanding and creating improved materials, devices, and systems and creating improved materials, devices, and systems that exploit these new properties.that exploit these new properties.

Markets for Nanomaterials

Global Landscape of Global Landscape of NanotechnologyNanotechnology

Over 35 countries have national nanotechnology Over 35 countries have national nanotechnology strategy or initiativestrategy or initiativeOECD emerging as global nanotechnology policy OECD emerging as global nanotechnology policy hubhubCurrently, the U.S. has 28% of nanotechnology Currently, the U.S. has 28% of nanotechnology activities activities EU, Russia and Asia countries sees EU, Russia and Asia countries sees nanotechnology as major drive for future growth nanotechnology as major drive for future growth Growing opportunity for smaller countries and Growing opportunity for smaller countries and small & medium size enterprises (SMEsmall & medium size enterprises (SME’’s) with s) with world class niche strategies: Israel, Finland, world class niche strategies: Israel, Finland, Taiwan Taiwan

Nanotechnology Funding Nanotechnology Funding Continues to GrowContinues to Grow

Source: Lux Research

Desired NanoDesired Nano--enabled Featuresenabled Features

High Strength & ultraHigh Strength & ultra--light weight (e.g. light weight (e.g. Modulus 250 Modulus 250 –– 950 GPa, Tensile 11 950 GPa, Tensile 11 –– 63 GPa, 63 GPa, density less than 1.5 g/cc)density less than 1.5 g/cc)Charge Dissipation/Electrical ConductivityCharge Dissipation/Electrical ConductivityPhotonic & Magnetic effectsPhotonic & Magnetic effectsPiezoelectric/electrical effectsPiezoelectric/electrical effectsThermal PropertiesThermal PropertiesNanocatalysisNanocatalysisMultifunctionalityMultifunctionalitySelfSelf--healinghealingNo or Few EHS/ELSI issues/problemsNo or Few EHS/ELSI issues/problems

My budget supports a major new national nanotechnology initiative worth $500 million. Caltech is no stranger to the idea of nanotechnology, the ability to manipulate matter at the atomic and molecular level.

The US National Nanotechnology

Initiative Supported by Three Presidential Administrations

The NNI is an interagency, crossThe NNI is an interagency, cross--cut program cut program that coordinates Federal nanoscale research that coordinates Federal nanoscale research and development activities and related efforts and development activities and related efforts among various participating agencies among various participating agencies

The NNI began in 2001 and its activities were The NNI began in 2001 and its activities were codified and further defined in the 21st Century codified and further defined in the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and Development Nanotechnology Research and Development Act (Dec. 2003)Act (Dec. 2003)

US Federal NNI expenditures were over $1.5 US Federal NNI expenditures were over $1.5 billion in FY 2009billion in FY 2009

Cumulative US NNI expenditures since 2001 Cumulative US NNI expenditures since 2001 (including the 2009) is about $10 billion(including the 2009) is about $10 billion

US National Nanotechnology US National Nanotechnology InitiativeInitiative

NNI ReauthorizationNNI Reauthorization

H.R. 554 also includes provisions aimed at H.R. 554 also includes provisions aimed at capturing the economic benefits of capturing the economic benefits of nanotechnologynanotechnology●● To encourage commercialization in the U.S.To encourage commercialization in the U.S.——and and

the corresponding economic benefitthe corresponding economic benefit——the bill the bill strengthens publicstrengthens public--private partnerships by private partnerships by encouraging the creation of industry liaison encouraging the creation of industry liaison groups to foster technology transfer and to help groups to foster technology transfer and to help guide the NNI research agendaguide the NNI research agenda

The bill also promotes the use of The bill also promotes the use of nanotechnology research facilities to assist nanotechnology research facilities to assist companies in the development of prototypescompanies in the development of prototypes

DHS

NRC

FDA

CPSC ITC

USPTO

NIOSH

DOC BIS

USDAFS

DOL

NSF

DOEDOD

NASA

NIST

NIHOMBOSTP

EPA

DOT

DOTr

ITIC

DOS

USDA

DOEd

DOJ

National Nanotechnology Initiative

Collaborative, Multi-agency, Cross-cut Program Among 25 Federal agencies

Funds R&D to advance understanding and control of matter at nanoscale toward:

National economic benefit

National and homeland security

Improved quality of lifeUSGS

$1.53 Billion/year

CCR

Electronic Industry (Semiconductor Research Corporation Electronic Industry (Semiconductor Research Corporation lead),lead), October/2003 October/2003 -- Collaborative activities in key R&D areas 5 Collaborative activities in key R&D areas 5 working groups, Periodical joint actions and reports; NSFworking groups, Periodical joint actions and reports; NSF--SRC SRC agreement for joint funding; other joint fundingagreement for joint funding; other joint funding

Chemical Industry (Council for Chemical Research lead)Chemical Industry (Council for Chemical Research lead) -- Joint Joint road map for nanomaterials R&D; Report in 2004; 2 working groupsroad map for nanomaterials R&D; Report in 2004; 2 working groups, , including one EHS Use of NNI R&D results, and one to identify R&including one EHS Use of NNI R&D results, and one to identify R&D D opportunitiesopportunities

Organizations and business (Industrial Research Institute Organizations and business (Industrial Research Institute lead)lead) -- Joint activities in R&D technology management; 2 working Joint activities in R&D technology management; 2 working groups (nanotech in industry, EHS) Exchange information, use NNIgroups (nanotech in industry, EHS) Exchange information, use NNIresults, support new topicsresults, support new topics

Forest Products IndustryForest Products Industry (AF&PA Agenda 2020 Technology (AF&PA Agenda 2020 Technology Alliance lead),Alliance lead), April 2007 April 2007 –– Facilitate forest products industry input Facilitate forest products industry input to and communication with NSET to and communication with NSET

Industry Consultative Boards for Advancing Nanotech Industry Consultative Boards for Advancing Nanotech Key for development of nanotechnology, EHS coordinationKey for development of nanotechnology, EHS coordination

1. Advance a world-class R&D Program

2. Foster the transfer of new technologies into products for commercial and public benefit

3. Develop & sustain educational resources, a skilled workforce & the supporting infrastructure & tools to advance nanotechnology

4. Support responsible development of nanotechnology

NNI GoalsNNI Goals

www.nano.govwww.nano.gov

LumberLumber

Engineered WoodEngineered Wood

WoodWood--Polymer Polymer CompositesComposites

PaperPaper

Complementary Industries:Complementary Industries:AdhesivesAdhesivesCoatings/Sealants/PaintsCoatings/Sealants/PaintsPreservationPreservationetc.etc.

PackagingPackagingTreeTree

Nanotechnology for Forest ProductsNanotechnology for Forest Products

Size Scale of LignocellulosicsSize Scale of Lignocellulosics

Federal Nanotechnology Program Federal Nanotechnology Program FocusFocus

Research, Development, & DeploymentResearch, Development, & DeploymentPartnershipsPartnerships•• NNI Government Departments/AgenciesNNI Government Departments/Agencies•• Private IndustryPrivate Industry•• Universities (traditional & nanotechnology Universities (traditional & nanotechnology

focused)focused)Enabling Science & Breakthrough ApplicationsEnabling Science & Breakthrough Applications•• Mechanical properties (Stronger than KevlarMechanical properties (Stronger than Kevlar®®))•• Piezoelectric properties (equal to Quartz)Piezoelectric properties (equal to Quartz)•• Photonic & electronic propertiesPhotonic & electronic properties•• Nanomanufacturing (organic/inorganic composites)Nanomanufacturing (organic/inorganic composites)•• Manipulation of tree cell wall nanoscale architecture Manipulation of tree cell wall nanoscale architecture

Forest Products Industry AgendaForest Products Industry Agenda& Priorities Developed& Priorities Developed

20052005 FPI Nanotechnology RoadmapFPI Nanotechnology Roadmap20062006 AF&PA Agenda 2020 FPI Technology AF&PA Agenda 2020 FPI Technology RoadmapRoadmap2006 2006 -- 20092009 FPI Nanotechnology Priorities FPI Nanotechnology Priorities WorkshopsWorkshops20062006 Annual International Nanotechnology Annual International Nanotechnology ConferenceConference2007/20082007/2008 NNI Forest Products Industry LiaisonNNI Forest Products Industry Liaison●● Conversion of industry goals using industry jargon to Conversion of industry goals using industry jargon to

underlying fundamental science needsunderlying fundamental science needs●● Link with other industry sectors to explore commonalities Link with other industry sectors to explore commonalities

in fundamental science neededin fundamental science needed

2008/20092008/2009 ANSI/ISO TC 229 Nanotechnologies ANSI/ISO TC 229 Nanotechnologies Standardization committeesStandardization committees20092009 FPI engages with US Government to seek FPI engages with US Government to seek fundingfunding

www.nanotechforest.org

CrossCross--Industry Issues in Industry Issues in NanomanufacturingNanomanufacturing

May 20 May 20 --22, 200822, 2008Workshop Objectives:Identify common problems and common solutions specific to nanotechnology manufacturing processes, and performance of nanomaterials in commercial products within widely different industriesCharacterizing nanomaterials and enhancing their separation and fractionationUnderstanding and controlling the surface-dependent properties of nanomaterialsUnderstanding and controlling multiple properties of nanocomposites

US Industry Priority Applications

1.1. Improving strength/weight performance Improving strength/weight performance ratio of paper, paperboard, and woodratio of paper, paperboard, and wood--based based structural materialsstructural materials

2.2. Developing new valueDeveloping new value--added features for added features for paper, paperboard, and forest products (e.g. paper, paperboard, and forest products (e.g. photonic properties, piezoelectric photonic properties, piezoelectric properties, etc.)properties, etc.)

3.3. Creating new revenue streams based on Creating new revenue streams based on innovative forestinnovative forest--derived nanomaterialsderived nanomaterials

Underlying PreUnderlying Pre--competitive competitive Science NeedsScience Needs

Photonic effects of nanomaterials for light scattering, light Photonic effects of nanomaterials for light scattering, light absorption, light transmission, wavelength shifting, etc.absorption, light transmission, wavelength shifting, etc.Imaging and holography with nanoparticlesImaging and holography with nanoparticlesNanomaterials that react to ambient stimuli optically, Nanomaterials that react to ambient stimuli optically, electronically, or mechanicallyelectronically, or mechanicallyEnergyEnergy--efficient liberation and fractionation of cellulose efficient liberation and fractionation of cellulose nanocrystals from woodnanocrystals from woodFunctionalization and chemical modification of surfaces of Functionalization and chemical modification of surfaces of cellulosic nanomaterialscellulosic nanomaterialsProcesses for preparing, stabilizing, and utilizing woodProcesses for preparing, stabilizing, and utilizing wood--based nanomaterials in manufacture of compositesbased nanomaterials in manufacture of compositesBiomimicry Biomimicry –– using nanomaterials for ultra high strength using nanomaterials for ultra high strength and particular effects by imitating natural structuresand particular effects by imitating natural structuresInvestigation of the range of nanomaterials obtainable from Investigation of the range of nanomaterials obtainable from woodwood

Modify Current Forest ProductsModify Current Forest ProductsImprove Durability Performance & FunctionalityImprove Durability Performance & FunctionalityIncorporate Nanomaterials into ProductsIncorporate Nanomaterials into Products

Nanomaterials

FunctionalCoatings

Sensors

Paper & BoardProduction

AdhesiveMechanics

Active Papers,E-paper

Ink-Printing,E-ink

FlexibleBatteries

BarrierCoatings

Electronics onWood/Paper

CompositePanels

Disaster-ProofHousing

High Performance Packaging

WoodWood--Derived NanomaterialsDerived NanomaterialsNew Breakthrough PerformanceNew Breakthrough PerformanceNew Processing RoutesNew Processing RoutesNew Characterization TechniquesNew Characterization Techniques

LignocellulosicNanomaterials

ReinforcedCompositesSelf Assembly

OpticalProperties

AdhesiveMechanics

MolecularFilters

PiezoelectricProperties

FlexibleDisplays

Magnetic Field

Alignment

Hyper-PerformanceComposites

2009 R&D Projects2009 R&D ProjectsNanoscale Mechanics of Wood (strength)Nanoscale Mechanics of Wood (strength)Production & Characterization of Cellulose Production & Characterization of Cellulose Nanocrystals (strength/light weight/low cost)Nanocrystals (strength/light weight/low cost)Cellulose Nanocrystal Reinforced Composites & Cellulose Nanocrystal Reinforced Composites & Characterization (strength/light weight/low cost)Characterization (strength/light weight/low cost)NanoNano--carbon particles from gasification of wood carbon particles from gasification of wood (alternative low cost production of CNTs)(alternative low cost production of CNTs)Nanodimensional silver preservative treatments Nanodimensional silver preservative treatments (durability)(durability)Nanoscale adhesivesNanoscale adhesives--wood interactions wood interactions (strength/durability)(strength/durability)Nanocatalysis of Cellulose to water soluble Nanocatalysis of Cellulose to water soluble compounds (biorefinery)compounds (biorefinery)

Federal Nanotechnology R&D

Federal Path ForwardFederal Path ForwardPartner with Industry & Academia on a Partner with Industry & Academia on a common prioritized precompetitive agenda for common prioritized precompetitive agenda for the forest products industrythe forest products industryParticipate in the US National Nanotechnology Participate in the US National Nanotechnology InitiativeInitiativeWork with other Federal Departments & Work with other Federal Departments & Agencies on areas of common interestAgencies on areas of common interestWork with to seek funding for a substantive Work with to seek funding for a substantive Forest Products Industry Nanotechnology R&D Forest Products Industry Nanotechnology R&D programprogramDevelop International PartnershipsDevelop International PartnershipsPartner in workshops and conferencesPartner in workshops and conferences

US Forest Products Annual US Forest Products Annual Program Funding NeedsProgram Funding Needs

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USDA Forest ServiceForest Products LaboratoryOne Gifford Pinchot Drive

Madison, WI 53726USA

Telephone: 608-231-9200

FAX: 608-231-9992

Websites: www.fpl.fs.fed.us

www.nano.gov

Chris RisbrudtE-mail: crisbrudt@fs.fed.us

Telephone: 608-231-9318Thank You