u.s. armyrmy m c · essential in peace, ... bench-top hydrocarbon reformer will be designed...
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ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR
U.S. ARMY MATERIEL COMMANDU.S. ARMY MATERIEL COMMANDNDIA
2003 Tactical WheeledVehicles Conference
NDIA2003 Tactical WheeledVehicles Conference
GENERAL PAUL KERNGENERAL PAUL KERN
2 ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR
HEMTT COST PER SYSTEM and FMC RATE
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
FISCAL YEAR
DO
LL
AR
S
85.0
86.0
87.0
88.0
89.0
90.0
91.0
92.0
93.0
94.0
95.0
PE
R C
EN
T
PART $ / SYS / YEAR
FMC RATE
Linear (FMC RATE)
Linear (PART $ / SYS / YEAR)
3 ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR
HMMWV COST PER SYSTEMand FMC RATE
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
FISCAL YEAR
FY 2
001
DO
LLA
RS
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
PE
R C
EN
T
PART $ / SYS / YEAR
FMC RATE
Linear (FMC RATE)
Linear (PART $ / SYS / YEAR)
4 ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR
Tech InsertionMaster Lighting Switch
• $1.86M to $63K
• 20 X Reliability
• HTI Product
• Operational Safety
• Prototype installed in FMTV Tech Demo Vehicle
5 ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR
Trucks Provide the LogisticalBackbone to the Army
Fuel constitutes 70% of bulk tonnage needed to sustain a military force on thebattlefield. This equates to about 600,000 gallons per day.
- Fuel Efficient AAN Task Force
The US Army has a fleet of over 246,000 tactical wheeled vehicles and drives 823million miles annually.
Army After 2010 goal:“…75% Reduction in Fuel Requirements for a Deployed Force…”
Fuel to a force can cost as much as $40-50/gal overland.
ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR 5
– Improved fuel efficiency– On-board and off-board power
HMMWV
HEMTT LHSClass 8
M-113
COMBATT
Hybrid Electric Projects
ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR6
7 ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR
Hybrid-Electric Effects onStryker Brigade Combat Team (BCT)
• Increase the range by 180 miles on a single tank of fuel(1.75x increase)
• Use 4,000 less gallons of fuel over 100 miles
• Increase an average of 37 miles per day over a 5 daydeployment without resupply
• Increase the efficiency of the Support Battalion by 47,000ton-miles per day
• In the SBCT (assuming all vehicles are hybrids):– Could replace some / all of the 123 generators that weigh 70
STONS and consume 19K cubic feet of space ondeployment
8 ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR
Power Requirements Over Time
100 amp alternator
100 amp alternator
HMMWV
FMTV
SmarTruckII
Jeep
M35
25 amp alternator
60 amp alternator 150 amp alternator
9 ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR
SmarTruck Capabilities
Bullet Proof Glass
On-BoardDiagnostics
LightweightArmor
WirelessCommunication
Non-LethalWeaponry
NightVision
Remote ControlWeapons Station
Touch Screen Display
Bomb Detection
GlobalPositioning
System
11 ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR
Blending of Technologies,Time and Space
TIMETIME
INDEPENDENTINDEPENDENTORGANIZATIONSORGANIZATIONS
INTERDEPENDENTINTERDEPENDENTORGANIZATIONSORGANIZATIONS
ACCELERATION OFACCELERATION OFTECHNOLOGIES &TECHNOLOGIES &
COMPLEXITYCOMPLEXITY
APACHE (A)M1
MLRS
FBCB2
SINGARSJAVELINHELLFIRE
APACHE (C)
JTRS
APACHE (D)M1A2SEP
IAV
FCSNETWORKED FIRES
COMANCHE
ABCSSystems of SystemsSystems of Systems
Integration Integration
= ?= ?
OBJECTIVE FORCE WARRIOR
12 ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR
RDE Command Functions
Research, DevelopmentResearch, Development& Engineering& Engineering
Create and/or AcquireCreate and/or Acquire New Scientific Knowledge
InterpretInterpretKnowledge inlight ofMissions &Needs
Innovate TechnologyInnovate Technology• In partnership with all concerned
• Retain and Transfer knowledge
Assess the ValueAssess the Value• Within the Systemof Systems Architecture
• Prioritize Applications
Experiment &Experiment & AnalyzeAnalyze• Mature the Design• Rcmd a Decision
Support AcquisitionSupport Acquisition & Sustainment& Sustainment• PEOs & PMs• AMC MSCs
TransitionTransitionTechnologyTechnology• Provide adviceto DecisionMakers
Evaluate the ProcessEvaluate the Process• Continually• Change as appropriate
13 ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR
Future Tactical Truck System(ACTD)
13
Fuel is the Second Largest Demandon the Battlefield
Next to Water, Fuel has the Most Tonnage on the Battlefield: 39% of the Demand
Water51.1%
Bulk Petroleum38.6%
Clothing 0.5%
Food2.7%
Repair Parts0.2%
Medical0.2%Major End Items
1.1%
Comfort Items1.1%
Ammunition1.6%
Barrier Materials2.7%
Package Petroleum0.2%
ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR16
17 ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR
Fuel Cell TechnologyWestStart-Calstart with Delphi Automotive and AeroVironment
Engineering model of fuel cell APU
Generation 2 APU component layout
Design next generation truck APU,demonstrate diesel reformer and planarsolid oxide fuel cell
Decreased overall system volume and massby 75% from proof of Concept APU to Gen2 APU
Development of planar reformer design anddemonstrated it on low sulfur diesel fuel
Detailed design for Generation 2 APUfeatures excellent integration andcomponent optimization
This system design, SOFC with catalyticpartial oxidation reformation (CPOX), isvery strong for use with logistic fuels
18 ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR
Liquid Fueled Fuel Cell APUBallard with Freightliner and the University of Alabama
Develop and road test a liquid fueled APUfor a Class 8 application.
Program contracted under the Army’sDual Use Science and Technologyprogram. Commercial product largelytied to heavy truck industry for anti-idling considerations
Road worthy methanol fueled PEM APUsystem to be installed on Freightlinertractor and extensively test fordurability and performance
Bench-top hydrocarbon reformer will bedesigned featuring improved thermalintegration, reactor optimization andformulation of novel catalysts
Prior art - hydrogen fueled APU
Detail of installed fuel cell subsystems
19 ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR
Regenerative Fuel Cell APUHydrogenics
Develop a flexible, modular, transportablefuel cell APU for military use
No external fuel supply, only system connection isto the vehicle electric system via NATO standardconnectors
System generates hydrogen on-board for storage inlow-pressure metal hydride cylinders
Good silent watch power source, up to 30x energystorage density vs. batteries
System was delivered to General Motors Dec. 2002for integration into a hybrid electric COMBATT.Vehicle displayed at North AmericanInternational Auto Show in Jan. 2003. Ship toTACOM for evaluation Feb. 2003.
Proof of concept regenerative APU
GM hybrid electric COMBATT
20 ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR
HEMTT WARTIME MISSION RELIABILITY
0.000
0.500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
3.000
1996.5 1997 1997.5 1998 1998.5 1999 1999.5 2000 2000.5 2001 2001.5
FISCAL YEAR
1000's OF MILES PER YEAR
NMC DAYS PER 100 MILES
Linear (1000's OF MILES PER YEAR)
Linear (NMC DAYS PER 100 MILES)
21 ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR
Hybrid Hydraulic FMTV
• Hydraulic Assemblies:• Piston type accumulators• Hydraulic fittings and hoses• Oil cooler• Oil reservoir• Low pressure/High pressure
• RDS System Advantages:• Potential 30% Fuel Reduction• Extended Engine Life• Improved Acceleration• Reduced Emissions• System Weight Lighter than
Comparable Series or Parallel ElectricHybrid
• Up to 80% Savings in Brake Wear• Up to 30% Reduction in Drive Line
Wear
(RDS)
(EMS)
22 ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR ESSENTIAL IN PEACE, INDISPENSABLE IN WAR
Research, Development andEngineering Command (Provisional)
ARLAMSAASOSI
ICPAFASTM&S (STRICOM)
RDECmd
(Prov)1 Oct 02
RDECmd
(Perm Orders)
1 Oct 03
M&SDemo
In Support ofFCS
Milestone B
Mar 03
Stand UpAgile
DevelopmentCenterMar 03
RDEC/LabTransition
CompleteJun 03
1st Qtr FY03 2d Qtr FY03 3d Qtr FY03 4th Qtr FY03
Transition of RDECs/Labs (OPCON)
Submission
O fOrganizational
Change Package
To DA G- 3Apr 03
IMCT o
CongressOct 02
NewsReleaseOct 02 SOSI
MoveTo
Belvoir
Aug/Sep 03
POMData Call
Nov 02
RDECOMTDA
Complete
Apr 03
POMSubmission
Feb 03
RDECmd
(Prov)1 Oct 02
RDECmd
(Perm Orders)
1 Oct 03
M&SDemo
In Support ofFCS
Milestone B
Mar 03
Stand UpAgile
DevelopmentCenterMar 03
RDEC/LabTransition
CompleteJun 03
1st Qtr FY03 2d Qtr FY03 3d Qtr FY03 4th Qtr FY03
Transition of RDECs/Labs (OPCON)
Submission
O fOrganizational
Change Package
To DA G- 3Apr 03
IMCT o
CongressOct 02
NewsReleaseOct 02 SOSI
MoveTo
Belvoir
Aug/Sep 03
POMData Call
Nov 02
RDECOMTDA
Complete
Apr 03
RDECOMTDA
Complete
Apr 03
POMSubmission
Feb 03
ARLAMSAA
DCG forSOSI
Commanding General
SES Deputy
AMRDEC
TARDEC ARDEC
CERDEC
NSCARO
ECBC
AgileDevelopment
Center
M&S
InternationalPrograms
FAST
Boardof
Directors
ATECATEC
TRADOCTRADOC
Divisions
“G” Staff
= Effective 1 Oct 02
DivisionsDivisions
Divisions