URINARY SYSTEM

by

Beatriz Bellini

FUNCTION

The urinary system, also called GU genitourinary

system, is responsible for maintaining a stable internal

environment for the body. It main function is to filter and

remove waste products from the blood. Resulting in the

production and excretion of urine from the body.

removes waste products

adjust water

adjust electrolyte levels

maintain the correct Ph level

ORGANS

KIDNEYS

Filters blood and produces urine

URETERS

Transport urine to the bladder

URETHRA

Transports urine to exterior

URINARY BLADDER

Stores urine

THE URINARY SYSTEM

Urine needs to be eliminated otherwise quickly become toxic to our organism, resulting in uremia.

The filtration of wastes from the blood takes place in the nephrons.

Millions of neuphrons make up each of out Kidneys, where the urine

Body Metabolic Process Production of waste product. (urine)

Its is one of the hardest working system of the body.

Each kidney drains urine and transports it to

the urinary bladder. Then, urine moves from

the bladder down the urethra to the outside

of the body.

KIDNEYS

The two kidneys are located in the lumbar region of the backabove the waist on either side of the vertebral column and in form of a bean shape.

Hilum is located at the center of the

kidneys, where the renal artery enters

and the renal vein leaves the kidney.

The renal artery delivers the blood that

is full of waste products to the kidney.

The renal vein returns the clean blood to

our general circulation.

INSIDE OF THE KIDNEY

The outer portion is called

cortex and the inner area

is called medulla.

Nephron is the functional

unit of the kidney.

Each nephron consist of

the renal corpuscle (blood

filtering portion) and the

renal tubule.

The reabsorption and

secretion stages of urine

production occur within

the renal tubule.

TUBULE IS DIVIDED IN 4 SECTIONS:

proximal convoluted tubule loop of Henle (nephron loop) distal convoluted tubule collecting tubule

Water and substances removed from bloodstream in

the renal corpuscle flow into the renal tubules to

finish the urine production process.

URETERS

The ureters are narrow tubes that lead from the kidneys to the bladder.

Urine enters the ureter after it drains out of the renal pelvis.

URINARY BLADDERIt is considered an elastic

muscular sac that lies in the

base of the pelvis just behind

the pubic symphysis.

Composed of three layers of

smooth muscle tissue lined with

mucous membrane containing

rugae, folds that allow it to

stretch.

The bladder receives the urine

directly from the ureters, stores

it and excretes it in form of

urine through the urethra.

Voluntary muscle action controls the external sphincter, which opens on demand to allow the intentional emptying of the bladder.

Involuntary muscle action causes the bladder to contract and the internal sphincter to relax.

URETHRAIt is a tubular canal that carries the flow of urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.

Urinary meatus is the external opening which urine passes out of the body.

The urethra is 1 ½ inches long in the female and 8 inches long in the male.

The male urethra has two functions, such as an outlet for urine and the passage-way for semen to leave the body.

ROLE OF KIDNEYS - HOMEOTASIS

The kidneys are responsible for homeostasis or balance in your body.

Maintain the body proper balance of water, chemicals, electrolytes and maintain the correct pH range with the body.

If the body is low in water, the kidneys conserve it. If there is excesses of water in the body, the body will excrete it.

STAGES OF URINE PRODUCTION

All wastes and unnecessary substances are removed from the bloodstream by the nephrons. However, urine is the final product of this entire process of waste elimination.

There are three stages of urine production: Filtration – The first stage is the filtering particles in the

renal corpuscle.

Reabsorption – After filtration, the filtrate passes through the four sections of the tubule. Most of the water, electrolytes and nutrients are reabsorbed.

Secretion – The final stage of urine production occurs when the special cells of the renal tubules secrete ammonia, uric acid, and other waste substances directly in to the renal tubule.

URINE IS A NORMALLY STRAW COLORED TO CLEAR AND STERILE

Adults bladder can hold 250 mL of urine.

COMPOSITION OF URINE:

I AM HYDRATED?URINE COLOR

CHART