Urban Sprawl• Government notices problems in the

1980s– Urban sprawl– Car ownership rising (1960: 113/1000 1990: 422/1000)

– Little housing for low income residents

150,000

170,000

190,000

210,000

230,000

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

Population

Year

Freiburg Population Growth 1960-2010

http://www.eaue.de/winuwd/84.HTM

Historic Dense Development

Post Zoning-Changes

Old Zoning : Sprawl

Effects of Integrated Development Policy

Government and Public TransitHow Government Shapes the City

KEY TENETS:

• Make Transit Attractive - City council shapes where people will travel through planning

•Direct development - public sector plays a strong central role•Provides 85% of Financing

• Keep the Public Involved - Community is engaged in the planning process at every step

In Planning – Cyclist/Pedestrians > Public Transit >> AutoIn Practice – Public Transit > Cyclist/Pedestrians >> Auto

Priority

Urban Public Transit

Light Rail• 58 Vehicles• 70% of users• 27.5 km of track

City Busses• 62 Articulated, 21

Standard• 30% of users• 270 km network

•$35/mo after 30% price cut•Serves 17 different transportation companies•All of City and outer lying neighborhoods•2800 km of travel options

Passenger travel has increased by more than 100 percent since 1980.

What About Bicycling?• Strongly encouraged and

supported by city government• 160 km of sign-posted bicycle

paths• Streets with restricted vehicle

traffic– Ex. One-ways w/ 2-way bike traffic

• Bicycle “queuing strips” at some junctions – similar to “bike boxes”

• Bicycle station & mobility center – “Mobile”

– Location: west side of R.R. station– Secure parking – 1001 guarded

spaces– Rent-a-bike ~ 5-10 Euro/day– Repair services– Information center

And Pedestrians?

• Streets with restricted vehicle traffic, reduced speed limits

• Extensive pedestrian zone in city center – “Fußgängerzone”– No autos allowed– Only delivery trucks in early

AM & street cleaners in late PM

• Benefit from city government’s efforts to promote cycling and public transit– Tendency towards pedestrian-

friendly environment & easy access

Transportation Planning

Reduction of Motorized Traffic• Short Travel Distances• Extreme price of gas• High parking prices• Environmentally

friendly public transportation

• Slow traffic speeds

Conclusion• Government planned communities

– Can control design

• Vauban– Light rail installed before lots sold– Short distance and mixed routes for pedestrians and

bikes– No parking zones

• Must rent spot in garages• Car share programs• 40 % without cars

– Livable streets– Economic bonus – Low income housing and 600 jobs