urban economic development as making unfolds its potential
DESCRIPTION
Presentation given at a seminar by “La Fabrique de la Cité” on the creation of value for the city and in the city in Lille on 16 September 2014. (cf.https://vimeo.com/107237013)TRANSCRIPT
20/09/2014'
1'
Urban''Economic''
Development'!!
as!Making!!Unfolds!Its!Poten2al!
'Peter'Troxler'
[email protected]'University'of'Applied'Sciences'RoEerdam'
Research'Centre'CreaGng'010'
Making'Fab'Lab'(Neil'Gershenfeld,'MIT,'2001)'Center'for'Bits'and'Atoms'"How'to'make'(almost)'anything"'
CNC'milling'Laser'cuXng'3D'prinGng'Microcontroller'programming'Electronics'
'
Photo'©'2012'Manon'Mostert'–'van'der'Sar,'with'permission'
20/09/2014'
2'
20/09/2014'
3'
Maker'Movement'Makerspaces'
MAKE'magazine'MAKER'faire'MAKER'shed'hEp://makermedia.com'(ex'O'Reilly)'
'Techshop'Inc.'
'Bay'Area'The'Maker'Movement'Manifesto:'Rules'for'InnovaGon'in'the'new'World'of''Crabers,'Hackers'and'Tinkerers'
Duplo'Brick'to'Brio'Track'adapter'by'Zydac'
20/09/2014'
4'
Who'Takes'NoGce'Global'Players'
Fab'Lab:'Schlumberger,'Aramco,'Chevron'Techshop:'Ford,'BMW'MAKE:'DARPA'
'Regional'Players'
Dutch'Order'of'Inventors'Fab'Lab'Amersfoort'Fab'City'Barcelona'
©'2012'complexitys.con,'ccdbydsa'
Inner'City'Boston'
©'2005'NBC'News.' ©'2005'Neil'Gershenfeld' ©'2005'O’Reilly'Media'.'
20/09/2014'
5'
Barcelona'
Protospace'
20/09/2014'
6'
Vienna'2010'
2013:'1,000'regular'users''growth:'1'to'2'users'/'day'
Zurich'2011'100'%'private'funding'Layered'business'model'Expansion'2013/14'
©'2014'Christoph'Laib'
20/09/2014'
7'
RoEerdam'• Stadslab'RoEerdam'• HET'LAB,'Alexander'• RDM'Makerspace'• Made'in'4Havens'• ….'• RoEerdam'Maakstad'• Plalorm'Digital'Manufacturing'• 3D'Proebuin'• …'• Fieldlab'3D'PrinGng'
RDM'Maker'Space'Access'
highdtech'manufacturing'equipment''prototyping'and'manufacturing'services'
Spur'innovaGon'and'entrepreneurship''create'a'place'where'smart,'creaGve'and'experienced'people'with'different'skills'come'together'and'eventually'form'a'large'community'of'makers.'
Part'of'RDM'Campus'
20/09/2014'
8'
Belfast'(and'Derry)'European'Union'Peace'Programme''
GBP'1.35'million''100'people'/'week'A'few'companies'
Sheffield'Access'Space''• Access'Space'Media'Lab,'
open'since'2000'• Refab'Space'(2012),''
a'DIY'FabLab'Sheffield'Hardware'Hackers'and'Makers'ROCO'CreaGve'Coop'Sheffield'Maker'and'Hackers'(Sheffield'Makers'Day)'
©'2014'Sheffield'Hardware'Hackers,'all'rights'reserved.'
20/09/2014'
9'
ROCO'(Sheffield)'
Bilbao'Bilbao'Makers'(2012)'• 3D'prinGng'• Arduino'Bilbao'Mini'Maker'Faire'
©'2013'malaberto.'
20/09/2014'
10'
Torino'2011:'150'years'Italy'The'Future'of'Work''Fab'Lab'Torino'Officine'Arduino'
Milan'Frankenstein'Garage'Open'Dot'FabLab'Ventura'WeMake'
''
20/09/2014'
11'
Leipzig'
London'2'Fab'Labs'
'(City,'Greenwich)'4'Hacker/Makerspaces''InsGtute'of'Making'(UCL)'
20/09/2014'
12'
Saint'EGenne'Open'Factory'(2013)'
20/09/2014'
13'
Lille'Fab'Lab'Lille'(2011)'m|e|h|u'lab'(2011)'Everytek'(2003)'
©'2014'Fab'Lab'Lille.'
Phoenix''Hackerspaces'• DARC'• Inventors'Warehouse'• Spread'the'Weird'Studio'
whois thedarc.orgNOT FOUNDWhois inventorswarehouse.netDomain Name: INVENTORSWAREHOUSE.NETStatus: pendingDeleteExpiration Date: 29-jun-2014
20/09/2014'
14'
Phoenix''Hackerspaces'• DARC'• Inventors'Warehouse'• Spread'the'Weird'Studio'The'aim'of'the'studio'is'to'encourage'Design'Thinking'by'applying'STEAM'EducaGon'concepts'to'a'series'of'handsdon'AnimaGon'projects'using'Open'Source'sobware.'
City'Strategies'Belfast'
Lille'Leipzig'
Barcelona'
Sheffield'RoEerdam'
?'
Turin'Milan' London'
Involvement'
Partners'
20/09/2014'
15'
Urban'Development'
Areas&Market&&&&resources&
Actors&
New'Strategies'
20/09/2014'
16'
Not'Relevant'Method&• LiEle'to'no'involvement'
Consequence&• Random'effects'
Big'Money'Method&• Include'in'substanGal'
priority'of'city'development'• Allocate'substanGal'funds'
(>300.000/year,'3+'years)'• Set'clear'targets/
performance'indicators'
Consequence&• FabLab'will'deliver'on'target'
(as'likely'as'any'other'similar'operaGon)'
• You'get'what'you'pay'for'• No'surprises'
20/09/2014'
17'
Welcoming'Method&• CreaGng'an'environment'
Consequences&• Emergence'of'Fab'Labs'and'
other'new'models'
Hybrid'Method&• MulGdStakeholder'approach'• Topddown'/'boEomdup'/'
lateral'• Respond'to'a'need'rather'
deploy'an'instrument'
Consequences&• Growth'potenGal'• Expect'the'unexpected'• Longdterm'effect'
20/09/2014'
18'
Design'PaEerns'
Design Pattern
higherdlevel'paEern'
posiGve'consequences'
lowerdlevel'paEern'
negaGve''consequences'
knowledge'
pracGce'
Fab'Labs'
MODèle
Autreslieux
autresfablabs
lieu
equipe
communautéslocales
histoire / Environnementsocio-culturel
compétencesSavoir-Faire
matériaux
industriesinnovantes
entrepreunariat / Entrepreunariat social
artisanat
arthur Schmitt, nod-A autres types de lieux: techshops, hackerspaces, makerspaces, repair cafés, EPNs, etc.
formation /EDucation
Businessmodel
Programmation
outilsspécifiques
Nouveaux objets /détournement d’objets
Projets collaboratifs
solutions locales etgloables à des grandesproblématiques
objets pour un marché d’une personneréparation / réutilisation /recyclage
Utilisateurs:- designers- ingénieurs- entrepreneurs- architectes- inventeurs- codeurs- PMEs- artisans- habitants- artistes- jeunes / enfants- défavorisés ...
Outils:- machines à commandenumérique- plateformes programmables- outillage de base- plateformes de partage en ligne
impactglobal
impactlocal
Fablab projets
territoire
communautésen ligne
Principe(make, share, learn)
fabricationnumérique
organisation(charte)
Ecosystème au service du mouvement
mouvement ‘makers’
open source / open hardware
innovation
NETWORK: !POLY-CENTRIC; LAYERED AND LATERAL
FUNDING: !DISPARITY – 10K, 100K LABS
LABS BUILDING LABS: !RISK OF FAB LAB BUBBLE
FUNDING: !CONTROVERSY OF CORPORATE MONEY
DEVELOPING WORLD: !DIFFICULT DELIVERY MECHANISMS
MORAL/POLITICAL: !NEED FOR CRITICAL POSITION, TAKING SIDES
PARTICIPATION: !REFLECT LOCAL CULTURE, ACCOUNTABILITY, COMMITMENT
SHARING: !UNDERDEVELOPED BEYOND LOCAL/PERSONAL CONTEXT
TECHNOLOGY: !NOT NEUTRAL, SOCIETY MADE DURABLE
THIRD PLACES: !INTERACTION BETWEEN PRACTICE AND STRUCTURE
URBAN DEVELOPMENT: !LATERAL INSTITUTIONS ALONGSIDE GOVERNMENT
EDUCATION: !EPISTEMOLOGICAL PLURALISM (WHAT COUNTS AS KNOWLEDGE?)
20/09/2014'
19'
Lab'Centric'Approaches'Equity'Fairness'Diversity''Power'and'Economic'RelaGons'Responsible'Use'of'Resources'and'Sustainability''Third'Places''Distributed'and'CollaboraGve '''
Empowerment'
Technology'
PoliGcal'Social'
Living'Labs?'
20/09/2014'
20'
Role'of'Government'
local'
regional'
naGonal'
EU'
'
'Interface?'
Core'Values'Openness'
'right'to'produce''open'source'in'design'&'hardware'
'Ownership'
making'city'responsibility'
'Experiment'
fail'quickly''but'cheaply' Thank'You'