Urban Charter SchoolsDemographics

in OHIOMarch 2015

Introduction

The is a report on urban charter schools in major cities in Ohio• Urban charter schools are at the forefront of public education and on-

going efforts to create better outcomes for students.

• Many urban charter schools have a specific mission to target and serve students with the greatest educational disadvantages, either by virtue of family background or poor prior instruction.

• Others got their start as a way to deal with rapid urban growth that axed the capacities of local districts to provide buildings and staff to meet growing demand.

• CREDO studied the attributes of students and schools in Cleveland & Columbus.

2

Introduction

• Five criteria were used to select which urban communities to study; full details are in the Technical Appendix.

• CREDO developed a narrow definition of “urban” to select schools for this study. The aim was to choose schools that were within the joint boundaries of cities and school districts.

• Multiple sources are used to develop boundaries for “urban regions,” including NCES locale codes, school addresses, and school district information. More detailed information is included in the Technical Appendix for the study.

• Student & School Counts are derived from student test data.

3

Research Questions

This study answers the following questions:• What does the urban public education landscape look in Ohio?

• How do the student attributes in urban charter schools differ from their traditional public school (TPS) counterparts?

• Does the level of achievement differ between students in charter schools and TPS in their same cities?

• Given the mission of some charter operators to target disadvantaged students, do we see proof they do so?

4

Overview of Public Charter Schools in

OHIO

5

OH Student Demographics

6

STATEWIDE DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS BY LOCATION – ALL TPS STUDENTS

Source: National Center for Education Statistics, Core of Common Data 2011

14%

42%15%

29%

TPS Students by School Type

urban suburban town rural

OH Student Demographics

7

STATEWIDE DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS BY LOCATION – ALL CHARTER STUDENTS

Source: National Center for Education Statistics, Core of Common Data 2011

73%

13%

4% 10%

Charter Students by School Type

urban suburban town rural

TPS Market Share Over Time

8

STATEWIDE DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS BY LOCATION – ALL TPS STUDENTS

Source: National Center for Education Statistics, Core of Common Data 2011

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

450,000

500,000

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

TPS Enrollment by School Type

urban suburban town rural

Charter Market Share Over Time

9

STATEWIDE DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS BY LOCATION – ALL CHARTER STUDENTS

Source: National Center for Education Statistics, Core of Common Data 2011

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Charter Enrollment by School Type

urban suburban town rural

TPS Growth Rates

10

STATEWIDE DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS BY LOCATION – ALL TPS STUDENTS

Source: National Center for Education Statistics, Core of Common Data 2011

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Number of TPS Schools by School Type

urban suburban town rural

Charter School Growth Rates

11

STATEWIDE DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS BY LOCATION – ALL CHARTER STUDENTS

Source: National Center for Education Statistics, Core of Common Data 2011

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Number of Charter Schools by School Type

urban suburban town rural

OH Student Demographics

12

AGGREGATE STATISTICS FOR STUDENTS IN CITIES SELECTED FOR STUDY

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Demographics of Urban TPS Students 2007 - 2011

sped ell poverty

OH Student Demographics

13

AGGREGATE STATISTICS FOR STUDENTS IN CITIES SELECTED FOR STUDY

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Demographics of Urban Charter Students 2007 - 2011

sped ell poverty

OH Student Demographics

14

AGGREGATE STATISTICS FOR STUDENTS IN CITIES SELECTED FOR STUDY

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Ohio Urban TPS Students Trend by Race 2007 - 2011

White Black Hispanic Asian Native Am Multi

OH Student Demographics

15

AGGREGATE STATISTICS FOR STUDENTS IN CITIES SELECTED FOR STUDY

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Ohio Urban Charter Students Trend by Race 2007 - 2011

White Black Hispanic Asian Native Am Multi

Comparison of Achievement Scores for

Charter Schools and TPS

16

Achievement Scores

• Because charter schools may not be located in all parts of a city, they may not have the array of students and academic talent that exists across the larger number of schools in the greater public education school district.

• To show these relationships, we first present the community-wide average results for math and reading, as revealed via statewide testing regimes.

• The results are then parsed to show the results for TPS and charter schools in each region.

17

Urban Achievement

18

REGIONAL AVERAGE MATH ACHIEVEMENT SCORE BY TYPE OF SCHOOL FOR CLEVELAND & COLUMBUS COMPARED TO STATE AVERAGE MATH ACHIEVEMENT

-1.00

-0.90

-0.80

-0.70

-0.60

-0.50

-0.40

-0.30

-0.20

-0.10

0.00

TPS Charter TPS Charter

CLEVELAND COLUMBUS

Charter & TPS Math Achievement by Urban Region

Urban Achievement

19

WEIGHTED AVERAGE MATH ACHIEVEMENT SCORE OF CLEVELAND & COLUMBUS COMPARED TO STATE AVERAGE MATH ACHIEVEMENT

-0.80

-0.70

-0.60

-0.50

-0.40

-0.30

-0.20

-0.10

0.00

CLEVELAND COLUMBUS

Math Achievement by Urban Region

Urban Achievement

20

REGIONAL AVERAGE READING ACHIEVEMENT SCORE BY TYPE OF SCHOOL FOR CLEVELAND & COLUMBUS COMPARED TO STATE AVERAGE READING ACHIEVEMENT

-0.80

-0.70

-0.60

-0.50

-0.40

-0.30

-0.20

-0.10

0.00

TPS Charter TPS Charter

CLEVELAND COLUMBUS

Charter & TPS Reading Achievement By Urban Region

Urban Achievement

21

WEIGHTED AVERAGE READING ACHIEVEMENT SCORE OF CLEVELAND & COLUMBUS COMPARED TO STATE AVERAGE READING ACHIEVEMENT

-0.70

-0.60

-0.50

-0.40

-0.30

-0.20

-0.10

0.00

CLEVELAND COLUMBUS

Reading Achievementby Urban Region

Cleveland Demographics

22

Regional Enrollment Trends by Year

23

CLEVELAND STUDENT COUNTS BY SECTOR AND BY YEAR

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Char

ter S

tude

nt E

nrol

lmen

t

TPS

Stud

ent E

nrol

lmen

t

Number of Students in Regionby Sector

TPS Students Charter Students

Where Do Urban Students Come From?

24

LOCALE OF SCHOOL PREVIOUSLY ATTENDED BY STUDENTSTRANSFERRING TO CLEVELAND CHARTER SCHOOLS

77.7%

21.4%

0.3% 0.5%Urban Charter Students' Prior School Type

urban suburban town rural

Regional Urban Student Demographics

25

REGIONAL ENROLLMENT TRENDS BY RACE IN CLEVELAND SCHOOLS

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Urban TPS Students Trend by Race 2007 - 2011

White Black Hispanic Asian Native Am Multi

Regional Urban Student Demographics

26

REGIONAL ENROLLMENT TRENDS BY RACE IN CLEVELAND SCHOOLS

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Urban Charter Students Trend by Race 2007 - 2011

White Black Hispanic Asian Native Am Multi

Regional Urban Student Demographics

27

REGIONAL ENROLLMENT TRENDS BY DEMOGRAPHICS IN CLEVELAND SCHOOLS

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Demographics of Cleveland TPS Students2007 - 2011

sped ell poverty

Regional Urban Student Demographics

28

REGIONAL ENROLLMENT TRENDS BY DEMOGRAPHICS IN CLEVELAND SCHOOLS

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Demographics of Cleveland Charter Students 2007 - 2011

sped ell poverty

Columbus Demographics

29

Regional Enrollment Trends by Year

30

COLUMBUS STUDENT COUNTS BY SECTOR AND BY YEAR

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Char

ter S

choo

l Enr

ollm

ent

TPS

Stud

ent E

nrol

lmen

t

Number of Students in Regionby Sector

TPS Students Charter Students

Where Do Urban Students Come From?

31

LOCALE OF SCHOOL PREVIOUSLY ATTENDED BY STUDENTSTRANSFERRING TO COLUMBUS CHARTER SCHOOLS

52.7%

25.9%

7.2%

14.3%

Urban Charter Students' Prior School Type

urban suburban town rural

Regional Urban Student Demographics

32

REGIONAL ENROLLMENT TRENDS BY RACE IN COLUMBUS SCHOOLS

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Urban TPS Students Trend by Race 2007 - 2011

White Black Hispanic Asian Native Am Multi

Regional Urban Student Demographics

33

REGIONAL ENROLLMENT TRENDS BY RACE IN COLUMBUS SCHOOLS

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Urban Charter Students Trend by Race2007 - 2011

White Black Hispanic Asian Native Am Multi

Regional Urban Student Demographics

34

REGIONAL ENROLLMENT TRENDS BY DEMOGRAPHICS IN COLUMBUS SCHOOLS

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Demographics of Columbus TPS Students 2007 - 2011

sped ell poverty

Regional Urban Student Demographics

35

REGIONAL ENROLLMENT TRENDS BY DEMOGRAPHICS IN COLUMBUS SCHOOLS

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Demographics of Columbus Charter Students 2007 - 2011

sped ell poverty