UPSCPrelim(2014)GeneralStudyCSATPaperIIQuestionPaper

Directionsforthefollowing8(eight)items:Readthefollowingtwopassagesandanswertheitemsthatfolloweachpassage.Youranswerstotheseitemsshouldbebasedonthepassagesonly.Passage–1TheHimalayanecosystemishighlyvulnerabletodamage,bothduetogeologicalreasonsandonaccountofthestresscausedbyincreasedpressureofpopulation,exploitationofnaturalresourcesandotherrelatedchallenges.Theseaspectsmaybeexacerbatedduetotheimpactofclimatechange.ItispossiblethatclimatechangemayadverselyimpacttheHimalayanecosystemthroughincreasedtemperaturealteredprecipitationpatterns,episodesofdroughtandbioticinfluences.Thiswouldnotonlyimpacttheverysustenanceoftheindigenouscommunitiesinuplandsbutalsothelifeofdownstreamdwellersacrossthecountryandbeyond.Therefore,thereisanurgentneedforgivingspecialattentiontosustaintheHimalayanecosystem.Thiswouldrequireconsciouseffortsforconservingalltherepresentativesystems.Further,itneedstobeemphasizedthattheendemicswithrestricteddistribution,andmostoftenwithspecializedhabitatrequirements,areamongthemostvulnerableelements.InthisrespecttheHimalayanbiodiversityhotspot,withrichendemicdiversity,isvulnerabletoclimatechange.TheThreatsincludepossiblelossofgeneticresourcesandspecies,habitatsandconcomitantlyadecreaseinecosystemservices.Therefore,conservationofendemicelementsinrepresentativeecosystems/habitatsassumesagreatsignificancewhiledrawingconservationplansfortheregion.Towardsachievingtheabove,wewillhavetoshifttowardscontemporaryconservationapproaches,whichincludeaparadigmoflandscapelevelinterconnectivitybetweenprotectedareasystems.Theconceptadvocatesashiftfromthespecies-habitatfocustoaninclusivefocusonexpandingthebiogeographicrangesothatnaturaladjustmentstoclimatechangecanproceedwithoutbeingrestrictive.Q.1)Considerthefollowingstatements:Accordingtothepassage,theadverseimpactofclimatechangeonanecosystemcanbea

1.Permanentdisappearanceofsomeofitsfloraandfauna.

2.Permanentdisappearanceofecosystemitself.

Whichofthestatementsgivenaboveis/arecorrect?(a)1only(b)2only

(c)Both1and2(d)Neither1nor2

Q.2)Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsbestimpliestheneedtoshifttowardcontemporaryconservationapproach?(a)ExploitationofnaturalresourcescausesastressontheHimalayanecosystem.(b)Climatechangealtersprecipitationpatterns,causesepisodesofdroughtandbioticinterference.(c)Therichbiodiversity,includingendemicdiversity,makestheHimalayanregionabiodiversityhotspot.(d)TheHimalayanbiogeographicregionshouldbeenabledtoadapttoclimatechangesmoothly.Q.3)Whatisthemostimportantmessageconveyedbythepassage?(a)EndemismisacharacteristicfeatureofHimalayanregion.(b)Conservationeffortsshouldemphasizeonbiogeographicrangesratherthanonsomespeciesorhabitats.(c)ClimatechangehasadverseimpactontheHimalayanecosystem.(d)WithoutHimalayanecosystem,thelifeofthecommunitiesofuplandsanddownstreamwillhavenosustenance.Q.4)Withreferencetothepassage,thefollowingassumptionshavebeenmade:

1.Tomaintainnaturalecosystems,exploitationofnaturalresourcesshouldbecompletelyavoided.

2.Notonlyanthropogenicbutalsonaturalreasonscanadverselyaffectecosystems.

3.Lossofendemicdiversityleadstotheextinctionofecosystems.

Whichoftheaboveassumptionsis/arecorrect?(a)1and2(b)2only(c)2and3(d)3onlyPassage–2Itisoftenforgottenthatglobalization,isnotonlyaboutpoliciesoninternationaleconomicrelationshipsandtransactions,buthasequallytodowithdomesticpoliciesofanation.Policychangesnecessitatedbymeetingtheinternationallysetconditions(byWTOetc.)offreetradeandinvestmentflowsobviouslyaffectdomesticproducersandinvestors.Butthebasicphilosophyunderlyingglobalizationemphasizesabsolutefreedomtomarketstodeterminepricesandproductionanddistributionpatterns,andviewgovernmentinterventionsasprocessesthat

createdistortionsandbringininefficieney.Thus,publicenterpriseshavetobeprivatizedthroughdisinvestmentsandsales;sectorsandactivitieshithertoreservedforthepublicsectorhavetobeopenedtotheprivatesector.Thislogicextendstothesocialserviceslikeeducationandhealth.Anyrestrictionsontheadjustmentsinworkforcebywayofretrenchmentofworkersshouldalsoberemovedandexitshouldbemadeeasierbyremovinganyrestrictionsonclosures.Employmentandwagesshouldbegovernedbyfreeplayofmarketforces,asanymeasuretoregulatethemcandiscourageinvestmentandalsocreateinefficiencyinproduction.Aboveall,inlinewiththeoverallphilosophyofreductionintheroleofthestate,fiscalreformsshouldbeundertakentohavegenerallylowlevelsoftaxationandgovernmentexpenditureshouldbekepttotheminimumtoabidebytheprincipleoffiscalprudence.Allthesearepolicyactionsonthedomesticfrontandarenotdirectlyrelatedtothecoreitemsof

theglobalizationagenda,namelyfreeinternationalflowofgoodsandfinance.Q.5)Accordingtothepassage,undertheglobalization,governmentinterventionsareviewedasprocessesleadingto(a)distortionsandinefficiencyintheeconomy.(b)optimumuseofresources.(c)moreprofitabilitytoindustries.(d)freeplayofmarketforceswithregardtotheindustries.Q.6)Accordingtothepassage,thebasicphilosophyofglobalizationisto(a)giveabsolutefreedomtoproducerstodeterminepricesandproduction.(b)givefreedomtoproducerstoevolvedistributionpatterns.(c)giveabsolutefreedomtomarketstodetermineprices,productionandemployment.(d)givefreedomtoproducerstoimportandexport.Q.7)Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingis/arenecessaryforensuringglobalization?

1.Privatizationofpublicenterprises

2.Expansionarypolicyofpublicexpenditure

3.Freeplayofmarketforcestodeterminewagesandemployment

4.Privatizationofsocialserviceslikeeducationandhealth.

Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodegivenbelow:(a)1only(b)2and3only(c)1,3and4

(d)2,3and4Q.8)Accordingtothepassage,intheprocessglobalizationtheStateshouldhave(a)expandingrole(b)reducingrole(c)statutoryrole(d)noneoftheaboveroles.

Directionsforthefollowing4(four)items:Thefollowinggraphshowstheaverageprofitoftwofruit-sellersAandBinthousands(Rs.)peryearfromtheyear1995to2000.Considerthegraphandanswerthe4(four)itemsthatfollow:Q.9)InwhichyearistheaverageprofitofAandBsame?(a)1995(b)1996(c)1997(d)1998Q.10)WhatisthedifferencebetweentheaverageprofitofBandAintheyear1998?(a)–Rs.100(b)–Rs.1,000(c)+Rs.600(d)–Rs.300Q.11)HowmuchmoreaverageprofitdidAmakeintheyear2000thanintheyear1999?(a)Rs.200(b)Rs.1,000(c)Rs.1,500(d)Rs.2,000Q.12)WhatisthetrendoftheaverageprofitofBfromtheyear1997totheyear2000?(a)Non-increasing(b)Non-decreasing(c)Steady(d)Fluctuating

Q.13)Thefollowingtableshowsthemarksobtainedbytwostudentsindifferentsubjects:Thedifferenceinthemeanaggregatepercentagemarksofthestudentsis(a)2.5%(b)13.75%(c)1.25%(d)ZeroQ.14)Examinethefollowingfigure: Whichoneofthefollowingfigureshastheabovefigureembeddedinit?(a) (b) (c) (d)

Q.15)Considerthefollowingmatrix:Whichoneofthefollowingfiguresfitsintoblankpartoftheabovematrix? (a) (b) (c) (d)Q.16)Whichoneofthefollowingfigureshastheabovefigureembeddedinit? Whichoneofthefollowingstatementscorrectinrespectoftheabovedata?(a)Populationincreasedby5%ormoreeveryyear.(b)Incomeincreasedby10%ormoreeveryyear.(c)Percapitaincomewasalwaysabove5,000.(d)Percapitaincomewashighestin1994. 17)Considerthetablegivenbelowinwhichthenumbersbearcertainrelationshipamongthemselvesalongtherows:WhichoneofthefollowingnumbersisthemissingnumberindicatedabovebyX?(a)19(b)15(c)14(d)8

Q.18)Considerthefollowingmatrixwithoneemptyblockinthelowerextremecorner:Whichofthefollowingfigurescouldfitintheemptyblockandthuscompletethematrix? Q.19)WithreferencetothefiguregivenbelownumberofdifferentroutesfromSwithoutretracingfromUand/orV,is (a)3(b)6(c)9(d)18 Q.20)Considerthefollowingfigures:Changeinpositionsofbeadsinthefiguresabovefollowsasequence.Followsthesamesequence,whichofthefigureslookshouldappearasthefifthfigureabove?

(a) (b) (c) (d)Q.21)Abellringsevery18minutes.Asecondbellringsevery24minutes.Athirdbellringsevery32minutes.Ifallthethreebellsringatthesametimeat8o’clockinthemorning,atwhatothertimewilltheyallringtogether?(a)12:40hrs(b)12:48hrs(c)12:56hrs(d)13:04hrs

Q.22)“Priceisnotthesamethingasvalue.Supposethatonadaythepriceofeverythingviz.,coal,bread,postagestamps,aday’slabour,therentofhouses,etc.weretodouble.Pricesthenwouldcertainlyrise,but-valuesofallthingsexceptonewouldnot.”

Thewriterwantstosaythatifpricesofallthingsweredoubled(a)thevaluesofallthingswouldremainconstant.(b)thevaluesofthethingssoldwouldbedoubled.(c)thevaluesofthethingsboughtwouldbehalved.(d)thevalueofmoneyonlywouldbehalved. Q.23)AandBdecidetotravelfromplaceXtoplaceYbybus.AhasRs.10withhimandhefindsthatitis80%ofthebusfarefortwopersons.BfindsthathehasRs.3withhimandhandsitovertoA.Inthiscontext,whichoneofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?(a)NowthemoneyAhasjustenoughtobuytwotickets.(b)AstillneedsRs.2forbuyingthetickets(c)AfterbuyingthetwoticketsAwillbeleftwith50paise.(d)ThemoneyAnowhasisstillnotsufficienttobuytwotickets.Q.24)Asperagreementwithabank,abusinessmanhadtorefundaloan.insomeequalinstallmentswithoutinterest.Afterpaying18installmentshefoundthat60percentofhis loanwasrefunded. Howmanyinstallmentswerethereintheagreement?(a)22(b)24(c)30(d)33Q.25)Aworkerreacheshisfactory3minuteslate.hisspeedfromhishousetothefactoryin5km/hr.Ifhewalksataspeedof6km/hrthenhereachesthefactory7minutesearlythedistanceofthefactoryfromhishouseis(a)3km(b)4km(c)5km(d)6kmQ.26)“Liberty,therefore,isneverrealunlesstheGovernmentcanbecalledtoaccountwhenitinvadesrights.”

Whichoneofthefollowingisthebestjustificationoftheabovestatement?(a)Intherealisationthatthegovernmentcanbebroughttobookinacourtoflaw(b)Inidentifying-amanasapoliticalunitinawaywhichdistinguisheshimfromothercitizens(c)Inadecentralizedsocietywhereinthebasicneedsofmencanfindsatisfaction(d)Intheunderstandingthatlibertyand,restraintsarecomplementary

Direction8forthefollowing5(five)items:

Readthefollowingtwopassagesandanswertheitemsthatfollow-eachpassage.Youranswerstotheseitemsshouldbebased.orithepassagesonly.Passage-1Inrecenttimes,Indiahasgrownfastnotonlycomparedtoits-ownpastbutalsoincomparisonwithothernations.ButtherecannotbeanyroomforcomplacencybecauseitispossiblefortheIndianeconomytodevelopevenfasterandalsotospreadthebenefitsofthisgrowthmorewidelythanhasbeendonethusfar.Beforegoingintodetailsofthekindsofmicro-structuralchangesthatweneedtoconceptualizeandthenproceedtoimplement,itisworthwhileelaboratingontheideaofinclusivegrowththatconstitutesthedefiningconceptbehindthisGovernment’svariouseconomicpoliciesanddecisions.Anationinterestedininclusivegrowthviewsthesamegrowthdifferentlydependingonwhetherthegainsofthegrowthareheapedprimarilyonasmallsegmentorsharedwidelybythepopulation.Thelatteriscauseforcelebrationbutnottheformer.Inotherwords,growthmustnotbetreatedasanendinitselfbutasaninstrumentforspreadingprosperitytoall.India’sownpastexperienceandtheexperienceofothernationssuggeststhatgrowthisnecessaryforeradicatingpovertybutitisnotasufficientcondition.Inotherwords,policiesforpromotinggrowthneedtobecomplementedwithpoliciestoensurethatmoreandmorepeoplejoin’inthegrowthprocessand,further,·thattherearemechanismsinplacetoredistributesomeofthegainstothosewhoareunabletopartakeinthemarketprocessand,hence,getleftbehind.Asimplewayofgivingthisideaofinclusivegrowthasharperformistomeasureanation’sprogressintermsoftheprogressofitspoorestsegment,forinstancethebottom20percentofthe’population.Onecouldmeasu.rethepercapitaincomeofthebottomquintileofthepopulationandalsocalculatethegrowthrate.ofincome;andevaluateoureconomic.Successintermsofthesemeasuresthatpertain’tothepoorestsegment.Thisapproachisattractivebecauseitdoesnotignoregrowthlikesomeoftheolderheterodoxcriteriadid.Itsimplylooksatthegrowthofincomeofthepoorestsectionsofthepopulation.Italsoensuresthatthosewhoareoutsideofthebottomquintiledonotgetignored.Ifthatweredone,thenthosepeoplewouldinalllikelihooddropdownintothebottomquintileandsowouldautomaticallybecomeadirecttargetofourpolicies.Hencethecriterionbeingsuggestedhereisastatisticalsummingupoftheideaofinclusivegrowth,which,inturn,leadstotwocorollaries:towishthatIndiamuststrivetoachievehighgrowthandthatwemustworktoensurethattheweakestsegmentsbenefitfromthegrowth.Q.27)Theauthor’scentralfocusison(a)applaudingIndia’seconomicgrowthnotonlyagainstitsownpastperformance,butagainstothernations.(b)emphasizingthe-needforeconomicgrowthwhichisthesoledeterminantofacountry’sprosperity.(c)emphasizinginclusivegrowthwheregainsofgrowtharesharedwidelybythepopulation.(d)emphasizinghighgrowth.

Q.28)Theauthorsupportspolicieswhichwillhelp(a)developeconomicgrowth.

(b)betterdistributionofincomesirrespectiveofrateofgrowth.(c)developeconomicgrowthandredistributeeconomicgainstothosegettingleftbehind.(d)putanemphasisonthedevelopmentofthepoorestsegmentsofsociety.Q.29)Considerthefollowingstatements:Accordingtotheauthor,India’seconomyhisgrownbutthereisnoroomforcomplacency

1.growtheradicatespoverty.

2.growthhasresultedinprosperityall.

Whichofthestatementsgivenaboveis/acorrect?(a)1only(b)2only(c)Both1and2(d)Neither1nor2Passage-2ItiseasyforthegovernmenttocontrolState-ownedcompaniesthroughnodsandwinks.Sowhatreallyneedstobedoneasfirststepistoputpetrolpricingonatransparentformula–ifthepriceofcrudeisxandtheexchangeratey,theneverymonthorfortnight,thegovernmentannouncesamaximumpriceofpetrol,whichanybodycanworkoutfromthexandY.Therulehastobeworkedouttomakesurethattheoil-marketingcan,ingeneral,covertheircosts.Thiswillmeanthatifonecompanycaninnovateandcutcosts,itwillmakegreaterprofits.Hence,firmswillbemorepronetoinnovateandbeefficientunderthissystem.Oncetheruleisannounced,thereshouldbenointerferencebythegovernment.Ifthisisdoneforawhile,privatecompanieswillre-enterthismarket.Andonceasufficientnumberofthemareinthefray,wecanremovetherule-basedpricingandleaveittrulytothemarket(subjectto,ofcourse,theusualrelationsofanti-trustandothercompetitionlaws).Q.30)Considerthefollowingstatements:Accordingtothepassage,anoilcompanycanmakegreaterprofits,ifatransparentformulaforpetrolpricingisannouncedeveryfortnightormonth,by

1.promotingitssales.

2.undertakinginnovation.

3.cuttingcosts.

4.sellingitsequitysharesathigherprices.

Whichofthestatementsgivenaboveis/arecorrect?(a)1only

(b)2and3

(c)3and4(d)1,2and4Q.31)Considerthefollowingstatements:Accordingtothepassage,privateoilcompaniesre-entertheoilproducingmarketif

1.atransparentrule-basedpetrolpricingexists.

2.Thereisnogovernmentinterferenceintheoilproducingmarket.

3.subsidiesaregivenbythegovernment.

4.regulationsofanti-trustareremoved.

Whichofthestatementsgivenabovearecorrect?(a)1and2(b)2and3(c)3and4(d)2and4Q.32)Fivepersonsfirebulletsatatargetatanintervalof6,7,8,9and12secondsrespectively.Thenumberoftimestheywouldfirethebulletstogetheratthetargetinanhouris(a)6(b)7(c)8(d)9Q.33)Agroupof630childrenisseatedinrowsforagroupphotosession.Eachrowcontainsthreelesschildrenthantherowinfrontofit.Whichoneofthefollowingnumberofrowsisnotpossible?(a)3(b)4(c)5(d)6Q.34)Therearesevenpersonsuponaladder,A,B,C,D,E,FandG(notinthatorder).AisfurtherupthanEbutislowerthanC.Bisinthemiddle.GisbetweenAandB.EisbetweenBandF.IfFisbetweenEandD,thepersononthebottomstepoftheladderwillbe(a)B(b)F

(c)D(d)EQ.35)Considerthat:

1.AistallerthanB.

2.CistallerthanA.

3.DistallerthanC.

4.Eisthetallestofall.

Iftheyaremadetositintheaboveorderoftheirheight,whowilloccupythemidposition?(a)A(b)B(c)C(d)DQ.36)Considerthefollowingstatements:TherearesixvillagesA,B,C,D,EandF.Fis1kmtothewestofD.Bis1kmtotheeastofE.Ais2kmtothenorthofE.Cis1kmtotheeastofA.Dis1kmtothesouthofA.Whichthreevillagesareinaline?(a)A,C,B(b)A,D,E(c)C,B,F(d)E,B,DQ.37)Fourchildrenaresittinginarow.AisoccupyingtheseatnexttoBbutnotnexttoC.IfCisnotsittingnexttoD,whois/areoccupyingseat/seatsadjacenttoD?(a)B(b)A(c)BandA(d)ImpossibletotellQ.38)Assumethat

1.thehourandminutehandsofaclockmovewithoutjerking.

2.theclockshowsatimebetween8o’clockand9o’clock.

3.thetwohandsoftheclockareoneabovetheother.

Afterhowmanyminutes(nearestinteger)withthetwohandsbeagainlyingoneabovetheother?(a)60(b)62(c)65(d)67Directionsforthefollowing6(sixitems):ThefollowingsixitemsarebasedontwopassagesinEnglishtotestthecomprehensionofEnglishlanguageandthereforetheseitemsdonothaveHindiversion.Readeachpassageandanswertheitemthatfollows.Passage-1Infrontofuswaswalkingabare-headedoldmanintatteredclothes.Hewasdrivinghisbeasts.Theywereallladenwithheavyloadsofclayfromthehillsandlookedtired.Themancarriedalongwhipwhichperhapshehimselfhadmade.Ashewalkeddowntheroadhestoppednowandthentoeatthewildberriesthatgrewonbushalongtheunevenroad.Whenhethrewawaythesee,theboldbirdswouldflytopeckatthem.Sometimeastraydogwatchedtheprocessionphilosophicallyandthenbegantobark.Whenthishappened,mytwolittlesonswouldstandstillholdingmyhandsfirmly.Adogcansometimesbedangerousindeed.Q.39)Theauthor’schildrenheldhishandsfirmlybecause(a)theywerescaredofthebarkingdogs.(b)theywantedhimtopluckberries.(c)theysawthewhipintheoldman’shand.

(d)theroadwasuneven.

Q.40)Theexpression“astraydogwatchedtheprocessionphilosophically”meansthat(a)thedogwasrestlessandferocious.(b)thedogstoodaloof,lookingattheprocessionwithseriousness.(c)thedoglookedattheprocessionwithbig,wonderingeyes.(d)thedogstoodtherewithhiseyesclosed.Passage–2Cynthiawasashygirl.Shebelievedthatshewasplainanduntalented.Onedayherteacherorderedtheentireclasstoshowupforauditionfortheschoolplay.CynthianearlydiedoffrightwheshewastoldthatshewouldhavetostandonstageinfrontoftheentireclassanddeliverdialogueThemerethoughtofitmadeherfeelsick.Butremarkabletransformationoccurredduringtheaudition.Athin,shygirl,herkneesquaking,herstomachchurninginterror,begantostuneveryoneherexcellentperformance.Herbonclassmatessuddenlystoppedtheirnoisychat

stareatherslenderfigureonthestage.Attheendofheraudition,theentireroomeruptedthunderousapplause.Q.41)Cynthiawasafraidtostandonstagebecause:(a)shefeltherclassmatesmaylaughher.(b)herstomachwaschurning.(c)shelackedself-confidence.(d)shedidnotlikeschoolplays.Q.41)Cynthia’sclassmateswerechattingbecause(a)itwastheirturntoactnext.(b)theywereboredoftheperformances.(c)Cynthiadidnotactwell.(d)theteacherhadnocontroloverthem.Q.43)Cynthia’skneeswerequakingbecause.(a)shefeltnervousandshy.(b)theteacherscoldedher.(c)shewasverythinandweak.(d)shewasafraidofherclassmates.Q.44)Thetransformationthat,occurredduringtheauditionrefersto(a)thenervousnessofCynthia.(b)theeruptionoftheentireroominthunderousapplause.(c)thesurpriseonthefacesofherclassmates.(d)thestunningperformanceofCynthia.Q.45)Ifthe3rddayofamonthisMonday,whichoneofthefollowingwillbethefifthdayfrom21stofthismonth?(a)Monday(b)Tuesday(c)Wednesday(d)FridayQ.46)Foracharityshow,thetotalticketssoldwere420.HalfoftheseticketsweresoldattherateofRs.5each,one-thirdattherateofRs.3eachandtherestforRs.2each.Whatwasthetotalamountreceived?(a)Rs.900(b)Rs.1,540

(c)Rs.1,610(d)Rs.2,000Directionsforthefollowing3(three)items:Readthepassagegivenbelowandanswertheitemsthatfollow.A,B,C,D,E,Faremembersofafamily.Theyareengineer,stenographer,doctor,draughtsman,lawyerandjudge(notinorder).A,theengineerismarriedtotheladystenographer.Thejudgeismarriedtothelawyer.F,thedraughtsmanisthesonofBandbrotherofE.C,thelawyeristhedaughter-in-lawofD.Eistheunmarrieddoctor.DisthegrandmotherofF.Therearetwomarriedcouplesinthefamily.Q.47)WhatistheprofessionofB?(a)Judge(b)Lawyer(c)Draughtsman(d)CannotbedeterminedQ.48)Whichofthefollowingis/arecouple/couples?(a)ADonly(b)BConly(c)BothADandBC(d)BothACandBDQ.49)WhatistheprofessionofD?(a)Judge(b)Stenographer(c)Doctor(d)CannotbedeterminedDirectionsforthefollowing7(seven)items:Readthefollowingtwopassagesandanswertheitemsthatfolloweachpassage.Youranswerstotheseitemsshouldbebasedonthepassagesonly.Passage-1Manynationsnowplacetheirfaithincapitalismandgovernmentschooseitasthestrategytocreatewealthfortheirpeople.ThespectaculareconomicgrowthseeninBrazil,ChinaandIndiaaftertheliberalisationoftheireconomiesisproofofitsenormouspotentialandsuccess.However,theglobalbankingcrisisandtheeconomicrecessionhaveleftmanybewildered.Thedebatestendtofocusonfreemarketoperationsandforces,theirefficiencyandtheirabilityforselfcorrection.Issuesofjustice,Integrityandhonestyarerarelyelaboratedtohighlightthefailureoftheglobalbankingsystem.Theapologistsofthesystemcontinuetojustifythesuccessofcapitalismandarguethattherecentcrisiswasablip.TheirargumentsbetrayanIdeologicalbiaswiththeassumptionsthatanunregulatedmarketisfairandcompetent,

andthattheexerciseofprivategreedwillbeinthelargerpublicinterest.Fewrecognizethebidirectionalrelationshipbetweencapitalismandgreed;thateachreinforcestheother.Surely,amorehonestconceptualisationoftheconflictsofinterestamongtherichandpowerfulplayerswhohavebenefitedfromthesystem,theirbiasesandideologyisneeded;thefocusonthewealth.creationshouldalsohighlighttheresultantgrossinequity.

Q.50)Theapologistsofthe“FreeMarketSystem”,accordingtothepassage,believein(a)marketwithoutcontrolbygovernmentauthorities.(b)marketwithoutprotectionbythegovernment.(c)abilityofmarkettoselfcorrect.(d)marketforfreegoodsandservices.Q.51)Withreferenceto“ideologicalbias”,thepassageimpliesthat(a)freemarketisfairbutnotcompetent.(b)freemarketisnotfairbutcompetent.(c)freemarketisfairandcompetent.(d)freemarketisneitherfairnorbiased.Q.52)“Theexerciseofprivategreedwillbeinthelargerpublicinterest”fromthepassage

1.referstothefalseideologyofcapitalism.

2.underliestherighteousclaimsofthefreemarket.

3.showsthebenevolentfaceofcapitalism.

4.ignoresresultantgrossinequity.

Whichofthestatementsgivenaboveis/arecorrect?(a)1only(b)2and3(c)1and4(d)4onlyPassage–2Netprofitsareonly2.2%oftheirtotalassetsforcentralpublicsectorundertakings,lowerthanfortheprivatecorporatesector.WhilethepublicsectorortheState-ledentrepreneurshipplayedanimportantroleintriggeringIndia’sindustrialization,ourevolvingdevelopmentneeds,comparativelyless-than-satisfactoryperformanceofthepublicsectorenterprises,thematuringofourprivatesector,amuchlargersocialbasenowavailableforexpandingentrepreneurshipandthegrowinginstitutionalcapabilitiestoenforcecompetitionpolicieswouldsuggestthatthetimehascometoreviewtheroleofpublicsector.Whatshouldtheportfoliocompositionofthegovernmentbe?Itshouldnotremainstaticalltimes.Theairlineindustryworkswellasapurelyprivateaffair.Attheoppositeend,ruralroads,whosesparsetrafficmakestollingunviable,havetobeonthebalance-sheetoftheState.Ifthegovernmentdidnotownruralroads,theywouldnot

exist.Similarly,publichealthcapitalinourtownsandcitieswillneedtocomefromthepublicsector.Equally,preservationandimprovementofforestcoverwillhavetobeanewpriorityforthepublicsectorassets.Taketheexampleofsteel.Withnear-zerotariffs,Indiaisagloballycompetitivemarketforthemetal.Indianfirmsexportsteelintotheglobalmarketwhichdemonstratesthereisnogapintechnology.Indiancompaniesarebuyingupglobalsteelcompanies,whichshowsthereisnogapincapitalavailability.Undertheseconditions,privateownershipworksbest.Privateownershipisclearlydesirableinregulatedindustries,rangingfrom,financetoinfrastructure,whereagovernmentagencyperformsthefunctionofregulationandmultiplecompetingfirmsarelocatedintheprivatesector.Here,thesimpleandcleansolution–governmentastheumpireandtheprivatesectorastheplayersiswhatworksbest.Inmanyoftheseindustries,wehavealegacyofgovernmentownership,whereproductivitytendstobelower,fearofbankruptcyisabsent,andtheriskofaskingformoneyfromthetaxpayeriseverpresent.Thereisalsotheconflictofinterestbetweengovernmentasanownerandastheregulator.Theformulationandimplementationofcompetitionpolicywillbemorevigorousandfairifgovernmentcompaniesareoutofaction.Q.53)Accordingtothepassage,whatis/arethereason/reasonsforsayingthatthetimehascometoreviewtheroleofpublicsector?

1.Nowpublicsectorhaslostitsrelevanceintheindustrializationprocess.

2.Publicsectordoesnotperformsatisfactorily.

3.Entrepreneurshipinprivatesectorisexpanding.

4.Effectivecompetitionpoliciesareavailablenow.

Whichofthestatementsgivenaboveis/arecorrectinthegivencontext?(a)1and3only(b)2only(c)2,3and4only(d)1,2,3and4Q.54)Accordingtothepassage,ruralroadsshouldbeinthedomainofpublicsectoronly.Why?(a)Ruraldevelopmentworkisthedomainofgovernmentonly.(b)Privatesectorcannothavemonetarygainsinthis.(c)Governmenttakesmoneyfromtaxpayersandhenceitistheresponsibilityofgovernmentonly.(d)Privatesectorneednothaveanysocialresponsibility.

Q.55)Theportfoliocompositionofthegovernmentrefersto(a)Publicsectorassetsquality.(b)Investmentinliquidassets.(c)Mixofgovernmentinvestmentindifferentindustrialsectors.(d)BuyingReturnonInvestmentyieldingcapitalassets.

Q.56)Theauthorprefersgovernmentastheumpireandprivatesectorasplayersbecause(a)Governmentprescribesnormsforafaitplaybytheprivatesector.(b)Governmentistheultimateinpolicyformulation.(c)Governmenthasnocontroloverprivatesectorplayers.(d)Noneoftheabovestatementsiscorrectinthiscontext.Q.57)Aquestionpapermusthaveaquestionononeoftheeightpoets:A,B,C,D,E,F,GorHThefirstfourbelongtothemedievalperiodwhiletherestareconsideredmodernpoetsGenerally,modernpoetsfigureinthequestionpaperinalternateyears.GenerallythosewholikeHlikeGalso;andthosewholikeFlikeEalso.Thepaper-setterdoesnotliketoaskaboutFashehaswrittenabookonF,buthelikesF.Lastyear,thepapercontainedaquestiononA.Onthebasisoftheinformationgiven,thisyear’spaperismostlikelytocontainaquestionon(a)C(b)E(c)F(d)HQ.58)Inagroupofsixwomentherearefourdancers,fourvocalmusicians,oneactressandthreeviolinists.GirijaandVanajaareamongtheviolinistswhileJalajaandShailajadonotknowhowtoplayontheviolin.ShailajaandTanujaareamongthedancers.Jalaja,Vanaja,ShailajaandTanujaareallvocalmusiciansandtwoofthemarealsoviolinists.IfPoojaisanactress,whoamongthefollowingiscertainlyadancerandaviolinist?(a)Jalaja(b)Pooja(c)Shailaja(d)Tanuja

Q.59)ThelettersL,M,N,0,P,Q,R,SandTintheirorderaresubstitutedbynineintegers1to9butnotinthatorder.4isassignedtoP.ThedifferencebetweenPandTis5.ThedifferencebetweenNandTis3.WhatistheintegerassignedtoN?(a)7(b)5(c)4(d)6Q.60)Thenumberofdeathsamongthearmypersonnelis8in1000,butamongthecivilianpopulationitis20per1000.Whichoneofthefollowinginferencescanbedrawnfromthisstatement?(a)Itisbettertojointhearmy.

(b)Therelationshipisfortuitous.(c)QualityofLifeIndexisveryhighwithinthearmedforces.(d)Thegroupscannotbecomparedduetotheirheterogeneity.Q.61)Giventhestatement:“Busesarethecauseofmoreaccidentsthancars,andtruckscausesfeweraccidentsthanbuses”,whichofthefollowingconclusionscanwedraw?(a)Therearemorebusesontheroadthantrucks.(b)Cardriversaremorecarefulthanbusdrivers.(c)Truckdriversaremoreskilledthaneithercarorbusdrivers.(d)NoneoftheaboveQ.62)“Ifpoliticalleadershipfailstoemerge,thereislikelihoodofmilitarytakingoverpowerindevelopingcountries.Radicalstudentgroupsorlabourmaytrytoraiserevolutionbuttheyarenotlikelytocompetewiththemilitary.Militaryintervention,rule,andwithdrawalfrompoliticsiscloselyrelatedtoasociety’slevelofpoliticaldevelopment.”Inthecontextofpoliticaldevelopment,theassumptionintheabovepassageisthat(a)politicalleadershipisnotaneffectiveinstrument.(b)militaryfillsinpoliticalvacuum.(c)militaryinterventionisinevitablefordevelopment.(d)Noneoftheabove

Q.63)Fourpersons,Alok,Bhupesh,ChanderandDineshhaveatotalofRs.100amongthemselves.AlokandBhupeshbetweenthemhaveasmuchmoneyasChanderandDineshbetweenthem,butAlokhasmoremoneythanBhupesh;andChanderhasonlyhalfthemoneythatDineshhas.AlokhasinfactRs.5morethanDineshhas.Whohasthemaximumamountofmoney?(a)Alok(b)Bhupesh(c)Chander(d)DineshQ.64)Examinethefollowingstatements:

1.GeorgeattendsMusicclassesonMonday.

2.HeattendsMathematicsclassesonWednesday.

3.HisLiteratureclassesarenotonFriday.

4.HeattendsHistoryclassesonthedayfollowingthedayofhisMathematicsclasses.

5.OnTuesday,heattendshisSportsclasses.

IfheattendsjustonesubjectinadayandhisSundayisfree,thenheisalsofreeon(a)Monday(b)Thursday(c)Saturday(d)FridayQ.65)Inarow‘A’isinthe11thpositionfromtheleftand‘B’isinthe10thpositionfromtheright.If‘A’and‘B’interchange,then‘A’becomes18thfromtheleft.Howmanypersonsarethereintherowotherthan‘A’and‘B’?(a)27(b)26(c)25(d)24Q.66)LocationofBisnorthofAandlocationofCiseastofA.ThedistancesABandACare5kmand12kmrespectively.Theshortestdistance(inkm)betweenthelocationsBandCis

(a)60(b)13(c)17(d)7Q.67)Twocarsstarttowardseachother,fromtwoplacesAandBwhichareatadistanceof160km.Theystartatthesametime08:10AM.Ifthespeedsofthecarsare50kmand30kmperhourrespectively,theywillmeeteachotherat(a)10:10AM(b)10:30AM(c)11:10AM(d)11:20AMDirectionsforthefollowing6(six)items:Readthefollowingtwopassagesandanswertheitemsthatfolloweachpassage.Youranswerstotheseitemsshouldbebasedonthepassagesonly.Passage-1ClimatechangeposespotentiallydevastatingeffectsonIndia’sagriculture.Whiletheoverallparametersofclimatechangeareincreasinglyaccepteda1°Caveragetemperatureincreaseoverthenext30years,sealevelriseoflessthan10cminthesameperiod,andregionalmonsoonvariationsandcorrespondingdroughts–theimpactsinIndia

arelikelytobequitesiteandcropspecific.Somecropsmayrespondfavourablytothechangingconditions,othersmaynot.Thisemphasizestheneedtopromoteagriculturalresearchandcreatemaximumflexibilityinthesystemtopermitadaptations.Thekeyingredientfor“droughtproofing”isthemanagedrechargeofaquifers.Toensurecontinuedyieldsofimportantstaplecrops(e.g.wheat),itmayalsobenecessarytoshiftthelocationswherethesecropsaregrown,inresponsetotemperaturechangesaswellastowateravailability.Thelatterwillbeakeyfactorinmakinglongterminvestmentdecisions.Forexample,waterrunofffromtheHimalayasispredictedtoincreaseoverthenext30yearsasglaciersmelt,butthendeclinesubstantiallythereafter.Itwillbecriticaltoprovideincentivestoplanfortheselarge-scaleshiftsinagro-ecologicalconditions.Indianeedstomakelongterminvestmentinresearchanddevelopmentinagriculture.Indiaislikelytoexperiencechangedweatherpatternsinfuture.Q.68)Considerthefollowingstatements:

Climatechangemayforcetheshiftingoflocationsoftheexistingcropsdueto

1.meltingofglaciers.

2.wateravailabilityandtemperaturesuitabilityatotherlocations.

3.poorproductivityofcrops.

4.wideradaptabilityofcropplants.

Whichofthestatementsgivenabovearecorrect?(a)1,2and3(b)2and3only(c)1and4only(d)1,2,3and4Q.69)Accordingtothepassage,whyisitimportanttopromoteagriculturalresearchinIndia?(a)Topredictvariationsinmonsoonpatternsandtomanagewaterresources(b)Tomakelongterminvestmentdecisionsforeconomicgrowth(c)Tofacilitatewideradaptabilityofcrops(d)TopredictdroughtconditionsandtorechargeaquifersPassage–2Itisessentialthatwemitigatetheemissionsofgreenhousegases.andthusavoidsomeoftheworstimpactsofclimatechangethatwouldtakeplaceincomingyearsanddecades.Mitigationwouldrequireamajorshiftinthewayweproduceandconsumeenergy.Ashiftawayfromoverwhelmingdependenceonfossilfuelsisnowlongoverdue,butunfortunately,technologicaldevelopmenthasbeenslowaridinadequatelargelybecausegovernmentpolicieshavenotpromotedinvestmentsinresearchanddevelopment,myopicallyasaresultofrelativelylowpricesofoil.Itisnow,therefore,imperativeforacountrylikeIndiatreatingtheopportunityofharnessingrenewableenergyona

largescaleasanationalimperative.Thiscountryisextremelywellendowedwithsolar,windandbiomasssourcesofenergy.Wherewehavelagged,unfortunately,isinourabilitytodevelopandtocreatetechnologicalsolutionsforharnessingtheseresources.OneparticulartrajectoryforcarryingoutstringentmitigationofgreenhousegasemissionsassessedbytheInter-governmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)clearlyshowstheneedforensuringthatglobalemissionsofgreenhousegasespeaknolaterthan2015andreducerapidlythereafter.Thecostassociatedwithsuchatrajectoryistrulymodest”andwouldamount,intheestimationofIPCC,tonotmorethan3percentoftheglobalGDPin2030.Inotherwords,thelevelofprosperitythattheworldwouldhavereachedwithoutmitigationwouldatworstbepostponedbyafewmonthsorayearatthemost.Thisisclearlynotaveryhighpricetopayforprotectinghundredsofmillionsofpeoplefromtheworstrisksassociatedwithclimatechange.Anysucheffort,however,wouldrequirelifestylestochangeappropriatelyalso.Mitigationofgreenhousegasemissionsisnotameretechnologicalfix,andclearlyrequireschangesinlifestylesandtransformationofacountry’seconomicstructure,wherebyeffectivereductioninemissionsisbroughtabout,suchasthroughtheconsumptionofmuchlowerquantitiesofanimalprotein.TheFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO)hasdeterminedthattheemissionsfromthelivestocksectoramountto18percentofthetotal.Thereductionofemissionsfromthissourceisentirelyinthehandsofhumanbeings,whohaveneverquestionedtheimpactsthattheirdietaryhabitsofconsumingmoreandmoreanimalprotein

arebringingabout.Mitigationoverallhashugeco-benefits,suchaslowerairpollutionandhealthbenefits,higherenergysecurityandgreateremployment.Q.70)Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwouldhelpinthemitigationofgreenhousegases?

1.Reducingtheconsumptionofmeat

2.Rapideconomicliberalization

3.Reducingtheconsumerism

4.Modernmanagementpracticesoflivestock

Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodegivenbelow:(a)1,2and3(b)2,3and4(c)1and3only(d)2and4onlyQ.71)Whydowecontinuetodependonthefossilfuelsheavily?

1.Inadequatetechnologicaldevelopment

2.Inadequatefundsforresearchanddevelopment

3.Inadequateavailabilityofalternativesourcesofenergy

Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodegivenbelow:(a)1only(b)2and3only(c)1and3only(d)1,2and3Q.72)Accordingtothepassage,howdoesthemitigationofgreenhousegaseshelpus?

1.Reducesexpenditureonpublichealth

2.Reducesdependenceonlivestock

3.Reducesenergyrequirements

4.Reducesrateofglobalclimatechange

Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodegivenbelow:(a)1,2and3(b)1,3and4(c)2,3and4(d)1and4onlyQ.73)Whatistheessentialmessageofthepassage?(a)Wecontinuetodependonfossilfuelheavily(b)Mitigationofthegreenhousegasesisimperative(c)Wemustinvestinresearchanddevelopment(d)PeoplemustchangetheirlifestyleQ.74)Thereare50studentsadmittedtoanurseryclass.SomestudentscanspeakonlyEnglishandsomecanspeakonlyHindi.10studentcanspeakbothEnglishandHindi.IfthenumberofstudentswhocanspeakEnglish21,thenhowmanystudentscanspeakHindihowmanycanspeakonlyHindiandhowmanycanspeakonlyEnglish?(a)21,11and29respectively(b)28,18and22respectively(c)37,27and13respectively(d)39,29and11respectivelyQ.75)Agardenerincreasedtheareaofhisrectangulargardenbyincreasingitslengthby40%anddecreasingitswidthby20%.Theareaofthenewgarden(a)hasincreasedby20%.(b)hasincreasedby12%.(c)hasincreasedby8%.(d)isexactlythesameastheoldarea.Q.76)SixbooksarelabelledA,B,C,D,EandFandareplacedsidebyside.BooksB,C,EandFhavegreencoverswhileothershaveyellowcovers.BooksA,BandDarenewwhiletherestareoldvolumes.BooksA,BandCarelawreportswhiletherestaremedicalextracts.Whichtwobooksareoldmedicalextractsandhavegreencovers?(a)BandC

(b)EandF(c)CandE(d)CandFQ.77)Astraightlinesegmentis36cmlong.Pointsaretobemarkedonthelinefromboththeendpoints.Fromeachend,thefirstpointisatadistanceof1cmfromtheend,thesecondpointisatadistanceof2cmfromthefirstpointandthethirdpointisatadistanceof3cmfromthesecondpointandsoon.Ifthepointsontheendsarenotcountedandthecommonpointsarecountedasone,whatisthenumberofpoints?(a)10(b)12(c)14(d)16Q.78)IfSohan,whilesellingtwogoatsatthesameprice,makesaprofitof10%ononegoatandsuffersalossof10%ontheother(a)hemakesnoprofitandnoloss.(b)hemakesaprofitof1%.(c)hesuffersalossof1%.(d)hesuffersalossof2%Q.79)Outofatotalof120musiciansinaclub,5%canplayallthethreeinstruments,guitarviolinandflute.Itsohappensthatthenumberofmusicianswhocanplayanyandonlytwooftheaboveinstrumentsis30.Thenumberofmusicianswhocanplayguitaraloneis40.Whatisthetotalnumberthosewhocanplayviolinaloneorflutealone?(a)45(b)44(c)38(d)30Q.80)Sixidenticalcardsareplacedonatable.Eachcardhasnumber‘1’markedononesideandnumber‘2’markedonitsotherside.Allthesixcardsareplacedinsuchamannerthatthenumber‘1’isontheupperside.Inonetry,exactlyfour(neithermorenorless)cardsareturnedupsidedown.InhowmanyIeastnumberoftriescanthecardsbetunedupsidedownsuchthatallthesixcardsshownumber‘2’ontheupperside?(a)3(b)5(c)7(d)Thiscannotbeachieved