upgrades to the · pdf file · 2007-01-25upgrades to the cso a 280-420 ghz...
TRANSCRIPT
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Upgrades to the CSOA 280-420 GHz Technology Development Receiver (Trex) and beyond....
J. Kooi, A. Kovacs, M. C. Sumner, R. Ceria, D. Miller, T. G. Phillips
Ja
Kooi, Jan 23, 2007
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Talk Outline280 - 420 GHz Technology Demonstration Rx (Trex):Used to demonstrate a Varity of TechnologiesAllow Extended Baseline Observations with the SMA.4-8 GHz IF
280 - 420 GHz Tunerless Correlation (high-Z galaxy) Rx:Single Polarization, Continuous Comparison RxTunerless100 μK (100MHz) in 8 hours Integration4-8 GHz IF
Balanced Receivers: Dual Frequency Operation (230/460 GHz and 345/650GHz Atmospheric Windows)Tunerless 4-8 GHz IF
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Science Objectives
High Sensitivity and Stable Receivers
Balanced Instrumentation:Advantages of Balanced Receivers:
- Separate LO Port Much lower LO requirementover traditional DSB and SSB designs.
- Reduced (11-15 dB) Local Oscillator Amplitude NoiseImproved Stability and increased Sensitivity
- Easy to automate over large RF Bandwidth(spectral line surveys)
- Spectral Line Surveys
- Point Sources:Red Shift Confirmation (SCUBA, SHARCII, BOLOCAM…)Extra Galactic Molecular SpeciesProbing Star Forming RegionsInterferometry with the SMA
Advantage of a Correlation Receiver:-Two Pixels; (On Source - Off Source), -Improved Sky Subtraction-Deep integrations for Extra Galactic (High z) spectralline work.
280-420 GHz Correlation (Galaxy) Rx:
Needed: Technology Demonstration Receiver.- 280 - 420 GHz Single-ended DSB Rx- Allow for Extended Baseline Observations with the SMA.- 4-8 GHz IF
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Needed Technology
= Complete= Under Development
Wide Bandwidth Waveguide to Microstrip Transition (to couple to the mixing device)
Balanced & Correlation Mixer Block Design
4-8 GHz IF Match, Bias Tee, In-phase Power Combining
4-8 GHz Low Noise Cryogenic Amplifier (Chalmers Univ).
Complete Computer Control of Bias Electronics
4 GHz Hybrid AOS (U. Koln) + 4-8 GHz IF processor (CSO)
4-8 GHz Warm IF + Stability requirements
New Set of SIS Junctions (JPL)
Optics Design
Synthesized LO + + Balanced Power Amplifiers
Performance
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Thin Film Radial Probe
Thin Film Microstrip Mode
Suspended substrate
Split Block, with Capacitive Tuning Step
Fixed Backshort
Advantages:Full Height Waveguide45-50% Fractional BW
Concept: Stafford Withington, THz Conf, UVa 1999
Air
Quartz 50 um
SiO
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Fixed backshort
Kooi, 12/2000
Inpu
t Ret
urn
Loss
(dB
)
Scalemodel Verification of the E-Plane Radial Probe
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Basic 280-420 GHz Mixer Block
Simulation: 345 GHz
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Finalized 280-420 GHz Mixer Block
Simulation: 345 GHz
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The Mixer’s Heart
Twin Junction SISBackshort
80um
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The Mixer’s Heart Zoomed in
Twin Junction SIS
200um
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WG
IF
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Single Ended Mixer Block
A tunerless 280 -420 GHz mixer based on the radial probe Wg transition and High Current Density AlN SIS junction (JPL).
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Needed Technology
= Complete= Under Development
Wide RF Bandwidth Tunerless Waveguide Mixers
Balanced & Correlation Mixer Block Design
4-8 GHz IF Match, Bias Tee, In-phase Power Combining
4-8 GHz Low Noise Cryogenic Amplifier (Chalmers Univ).
Complete Computer Control of Bias Electronics
4 GHz Hybrid AOS (U. Koln) + 4-8 GHz IF processor (CSO)
4-8 GHz Warm IF + Stability requirements
New Set of SIS Junctions (JPL)
Optics Design
Synthesized LO + + Balanced Power Amplifiers
Performance
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90 degree hybrid
180 degree hybrid
Possible Balanced Mixer Configuration
+V-V
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Balanced Instrumentation Layout for the CSO
Key Features:- Dual Frequency (2 Color) Observations
280-420 GHz & 580-720 GHz
- Advantages: Scientific & Pointing
180-280 GHz & 380-520 GHz
- Cooled (15K) LO
- LO Noise Cancellation (10-15 dB)
230 GHz Balanced Mixer
Leong et. al
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Continuous Comparison (Correlation) Receiver Layout
Specifications:
100mK (100 MHz) in 8 hours Integration280-420 GHz Tunerless mixer operation4-8 GHz IF
j(A+B)/2
(A-B)/2
(A-B)/2jB
j(A+B)/2
A
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90 Degree Hybrid Branch-Line Coupler
-3dB
-3dB
Input SideOutput Side
In Phase 90 degreesOut of Phase
Frequency (GHz)
Phas
e (D
eg)
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Branch-line Coupler /Mixer for Balanced Rx
270 420 270 420
90
100
80
Frequency (GHz) Frequency (GHz)
-3dB
Pha
se
Del
ta P
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230 Balanced Mixer Hardware
Quadrature Hybrid Backshort + Junction Channel
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345, 460, 660 GHz Balanced Mixer Hardware
460 GHz
345 GHz
460 GHz Hybrid
660 GHz 650 GHz Hybrid
345 GHz Hybrid
460 GHz
650 GHz
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345 GHz Correlation Mixer
Junction Channel/Backshort Area
345 GHz Hybrid (8 slots).
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Needed Technology
= Complete= Under Development
4-8 GHz IF Match, Bias Tee, In-phase Power Combining
4-8 GHz Low Noise Cryogenic Amplifier (Chalmers Univ).
4 GHz Hybrid AOS (U. Koln) + 4-8 GHz IF processor (CSO)
4-8 GHz Warm IF + Stability requirements
New Set of SIS Junctions (JPL)
Wide RF Bandwidth Tunerless Waveguide Mixers
Balanced & Correlation Mixer Block Design
Optics Design: - Single-Ended Mixer- Balanced Mixers- Correlation Mixer
Complete Computer Control of Bias Electronics
Synthesized LO + + Balanced Power Amplifiers
Performance
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TRex (280-420 GHz) Optics I
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Trex (280-420 GHz) Optics II
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350 GHz and 650 GHz Balanced Mixer Optical Configuration
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230 GHz and 460 GHz Balanced Mixer Optical Configuration
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345 GHz Balanced Correlation Rx Optics
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Needed Technology
= Complete= Under Development
Wide RF Bandwidth Tunerless Waveguide Mixers
Balanced & Correlation Mixer Block Design
4-8 GHz IF Match, Bias Tee, In-phase Power Combining
4-8 GHz Low Noise Cryogenic Amplifier (Chalmers Univ).
Complete Computer Control of Bias Electronics
4 GHz Hybrid AOS (U. Koln) + 4-8 GHz IF processor (CSO)
4-8 GHz Warm IF + Stability requirements
New Set of SIS Junctions (JPL)
Optics Design
Synthesized LO + + Balanced Power Amplifiers
Performance
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The new fix-tuned mixer designs for the CSO.
580 – 730 GHz 400 – 540 GHz280 – 420 GHz180 – 280 GHz
Meet The Family… -Designed with Supermix (Kovacs et. al).
-Optimized for: Minimum Noise
IF Flatness
Conversion Gain
RF/IF Stability
Saturation
-Jc=25 kA/cm2, RnA=7.6, AlN tunnel barrier.
-IF Impedance: 20 Ohm (0.5 – 13 GHz)
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230 and 345 GHz AlN SIS Junctions
Jc=25 kA/cm2, RnA=7.6, AlN tunnel barrier.
Cj1
LmstripCj2
45 Ω45 Ω
Junction Area: 0.7 x 1 um, Rn=5.1 Ω
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460 & 650 GHz AlN SIS Junctions
Jc=25 kA/cm2, RnA=7.6, AlNtunnel barrier.
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Twin SIS Junction (Balanced) Mixer Performance
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IF Performance
Cj
Lcpw
Ct
IF Tuning Circuit
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Needed Technology
= Complete= Under Development
Wide RF Bandwidth Tunerless Waveguide Mixers
Balanced & Correlation Mixer Block Design
4-8 GHz IF Match, Bias Tee, In-phase Power Combining circuitry
4-8 GHz Low Noise Cryogenic Amplifier (Chalmers Univ).
Complete Computer Control of Bias Electronics
4 GHz Hybrid AOS (U. Koln) + 4-8 GHz IF processor (CSO)
4-8 GHz Warm IF + Stability requirements
New Set of SIS Junctions (JPL)
Optics Design
Synthesized LO + + Balanced Power Amplifiers
Performance
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3-9 GHz Planar IF Design
20 Ω
50 Ω
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4-8 GHz IF Verification
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4-8 GHz InP based Low Noise Amplifier
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4-8 GHz CTT Inc. Warm IF
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Needed Technology
= Complete= Under Development
Wide RF Bandwidth Tunerless Waveguide Mixers
Balanced & Correlation Mixer Block Design
4-8 GHz IF Match, Bias Tee, In-phase Power Combining circuitry
4-8 GHz Low Noise Cryogenic Amplifier (Chalmers Univ).
Complete Computer Control of Bias Electronics
4 GHz Hybrid AOS (U. Koln) + 4-8 GHz IF processor (CSO)
4-8 GHz Warm IF + Stability requirements
New Set of SIS Junctions (JPL)
Optics Design
Synthesized LO + Balanced Power Amplifiers
Performance
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Synthesizer(HP 83620B)
3 dB 3 dB 3 dBYIG Filter
4’ cable(Microflex 165)
AmplifierAML 818P0801P1 dB = +25 dBm
+8 dB
1’ cable(Micropore 190)
3 dB
AmplifierAML 818P1502P1 dB = +27 dBm
+15 dB
1’ cable(Micropore 190)
3’ cable(Micropore 190)
VDI Multiplier
4x
Waveguide Attenuator JPL Power Amps Millitech Multiplier
(AMC-10)
6x
Waveguide Components
280 – 420 GHzC B A
YIG filterSynthesizer
(HP 83620B)Synthesizer
(HP 83620B)
3 dB3 dB 3 dB 3 dBYIG Filter3 dB 3 dBYIG Filter
4’ cable(Microflex 165)4’ cable
(Microflex 165)
AmplifierAML 818P0801P1 dB = +25 dBm
+8 dB
AmplifierAML 818P0801P1 dB = +25 dBm
+8 dB+8 dB
1’ cable(Micropore 190)
1’ cable(Micropore 190)
3 dB3 dB
AmplifierAML 818P1502P1 dB = +27 dBm
+15 dB
AmplifierAML 818P1502P1 dB = +27 dBm
+15 dB+15 dB
1’ cable(Micropore 190)
1’ cable(Micropore 190)
3’ cable(Micropore 190)
VDI Multiplier
4x
Waveguide Attenuator JPL Power Amps Millitech Multiplier
(AMC-10)
6x
Waveguide Components
VDI Multiplier
4x4x4x
Waveguide Attenuator JPL Power Amps Millitech Multiplier
(AMC-10)
6x6x
Waveguide Components
280 – 420 GHzC B A
YIG filter
Prototype synthesized LO system tested on telescope
•T_{sys} comparable to Gunn
•No spurs
•Need software control of power amps for final installation
Synthesized LO (M. C. Sumner)
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60-105 GHz Balanced Power Amplifier (JPL)L. Samoska, T. Gaier, J. Ward, D. Pukala, and J. Pearson
Kooi et. al.
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Performance Verification: Meet Virtual Trex…A 280-420 GHz Single-ended (DSB) Receiver
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Now meet the Real Trex…
Warm IF
LNA
Magnet Supply
Ext Oscilator/Osciloscope Switch
SIS Bias
LO Powermanagement
280-420 GHz Multiplier (VDI)
70-105 GHzGunn (Calrstrom)
Differential DriverO-scope
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Shielded DC breakout box
Millitech 6x multiplier
JPL power amps (2)
Waveguide attenuator
VDI 4x multiplier
Synthesized LO (M. C. Sumner)
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Results/Installation CSO
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Needed Technology
= Complete= Under Development
Wide RF Bandwidth Tunerless Waveguide Mixers
Balanced & Correlation Mixer Block Design
4-8 GHz IF Match, Bias Tee, In-phase Power Combining circuitry
4-8 GHz Low Noise Cryogenic Amplifier (Chalmers Univ).
Complete Computer Control of Bias Electronics
4 GHz Hybrid AOS (U. Koln) + 4-8 GHz IF processor (CSO)
4-8 GHz Warm IF + Stability requirements
New Set of SIS Junctions (JPL)
Optics Design
Synthesized LO + Balanced Power Amplifiers
Performance
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Direct Detection (FTS) Response
280-420 GHz
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Derived Sideband Ratio from FTS Response
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Response at 280, 345, 384, and 424 GHz
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Gmix at 280, 345, 384, and 424 GHz
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345 GHz Optimal Y-factor and Mixer gain
Y-factor
Gmix
Y-factor
Gmix
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Measured Results at 345 GHz Varying Isis
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Measured Results at 345 GHz Varying B-field
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345 GHz Noise temperature Breakdown
Toptics: 6.7KTbeamsplittter 13.9K*Tif: 7.0KTmix: 19.8K
Trec (DSB): 47.4K
Tmix: 19.8KShot +MAR: 9.0Khv/2k : 8.2 K
*Improvements: Balanced Rx gains ~13K in Optics noise.
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Total Power Response vs Airmass
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Continuum Stability as measured on the Telescope
Noise FluctuationBW=4.6 GHz
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FTS Response overlaid with Mixer Gain
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Measured Receiver Noise Temperature
Toptics ~ 19-30K
Tmix includes 9K Shot Noise
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IF Response of Trex
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Predicted Balanced Mixer Performance
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Optics Verification
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Trex at night on the Telescope
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Orion-KL (Oct, 2006)
CO3-2
~105mK rms
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W3, Young Globular Cluster in NGC 7252 (Oct 2006)
CO3-2
~70mK rms
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Conclusion: Successful Installation of Trex: The wide band 280-420 GHz RxProven a variety of underlining technologiesBalanced and Correlation Mixer Hardware Complete
Bottleneck: Bias Electronics (~60 bias boxes needed)Shortage of manpowerTimeline Correlation Rx: End 2007Timeline Balanced Rx: 2008