update: near-road air quality transportation pooled fund (tpf) · 6 2016 pm 2.5 increment results...
TRANSCRIPT
914200-6540
TPF Participants Arizona, California, Texas, Virginia, and Washington State DOTs
U.S. Federal Highway Administration
(Ohio State DOT in process of joining)
Technical, Planning, Facilitation, and Website SupportSonoma Technology, Inc., Petaluma, CA
Presented to AASHTO Committee on Environment and Sustainability,
Air Quality, Climate Change, and Energy Subcommittee
July 18, 2018
Update: Near-Road Air Quality
Transportation Pooled Fund (TPF)
Transportation Pooled Fund (TPF)
• Participants:– Arizona DOT
– Caltrans
– Colorado DOT
– FHWA
– Ohio DOT
– Texas DOT
2
Objective: “Improve the state of knowledge regarding, and the
ability of state DOT staff to address, near-road air quality issues.”
– Virginia DOT
– Wash. State DOT
• WSDOT is managing the
Near-Road Air Quality TPF
Highlights
• Near-road measurements (backward look)
• Modeling (forward look)
• Research needs
3
4
Near-Road Measurements (backward look)
DeWinter et al., a recent peer-review publication, includes
findings based on 2014 and 2015 data; see: Atmospheric
Environment 183 (2018) 94–105.
2016 NO2 and CO Summary
• NO2
– Overall, 1-hr values well under 100 ppb NAAQS
– Annual averages well below 53 ppb NAAQS
(closest: Ontario, CA, 31 ppb)
• CO
– Concentrations extremely low vs. NAAQS
– Range for 8-hr: -0.40 to 3.51 ppm (mean 0.39)
5
These findings are for research purposes and should not be used for
determining attainment status.
6
2016 PM2.5 Increment Results
• Mean increment
0.75 μg/m3
• However, varies
widely across
sites
Three methods:
-Inverse distance weighting (IDW)
-Using a single upwind site (WD)
-Using combination of nearby
sites (2016)
7
Modeling (forward look)
Reid et al., peer-review publication, includes findings based
on MOVES and EMFAC; see: Transportation Research Record
2570: 12-20.
8
Fleet Turnover: Emissions
Impacts vs. 2006 Baseline
• 2015: total PM2.5 reduced 50%
• 2035: total PM2.5 decreases
– MOVES: by 92%
– EMFAC: by 70%
• By 2035, brake wear, tire wear
percent of total increases
– MOVES: from 4% to 52%
– EMFAC: from 30% to 95%
POAQC
EMFAC PM2.5
Contacts
9
For Additional Information
Near-Road Pooled Fund: Karin [email protected]
360.705.7491
Douglas Eisinger, [email protected]
707.665.9900
Steven Brown, [email protected]
707.665.9900
Extra Slides
10
Research Needs
• NO2 and CO are well below NAAQS; at what point
should CO data trigger a change to conformity hot-
spot analysis requirements?
• Will downward trending PM2.5 values (limited to-
date, ~8 areas) be robust over time and locations?
• As more PM2.5 data become available on values,
trends, increments, could data support screening-
level (as opposed to quantitative) hot-spot analyses?
11
12
Denver, CO (I-25) [0027]- Street View Photos
Example Site: Denver I-25, Looking North
NR Monitor
13
Near-Road Monitor Locations, May 2017
• NO2 68 locations
• CO 53 locations
• PM2.5 42 locations (8 sites had 3 complete yrs. of data)
NO2
PM2.5
CO
Some locations have multiple monitors
2016 PM2.5 Summary
– 24-hr NAAQS: 10 sites > 35 µg/m3; Ontario, CA
only site with 98th percentile > 35 µg/m3
– Annual NAAQS: 3 sites below 12 µg/m3 but within
1.5 µg/m3; only Ontario (complete yr. data) above
– Trends (8 sites with 3-yr. data): generally down
– Highest values (sites with 3-yr. data): Indianapolis
• 11.6 µg/m3 (annual mean)
• 26.8 µg/m3 (98th percentile)
14
These findings are for research purposes and should not be used for
determining attainment status.