Social Studies II Semester 2015 Lesson No.1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12Style of paper S.S.1)Mcqs 12 marks2)Blanks 10 marks3)match 10 marks4)true or false 10marks5)Ans in Brief 14 marks(any 7)6)Ans in a sentence 12 marks (any 6)7)Short note 8 marks8)Map of north America 4 marks1)Mountain ranges-Alaska ,Rockies ,Appalachian2)Rivers-Mississppi, Missouri, Colorado, St Lawrence,Mackenzie 3)Lakes-Superior, Michigan, Ontaria, Winnipeg4)Countries-Canada, USA Mexico5)Artic ocean, Atlantic ocean, Pacific ocean, Gulf of Mexico Panama canal Ex-1 MCQSL-11. For what type of sarees is Patan famous?A. BandhaniB. KanjivaramC. PatolaD. Banarasi2. The rulers of which dynasty ruled over Panchaser?A. Chavda B. VagelaC. SolankiD. Pratihar3. On the banks of which river did Vanraj Chavda build a new city?A. SaraswatiB. KhariC. Rupen D.Banas4.Which dynasty ruled over Gujarat after the decline of the Chavda dynasty ?A. VaghelaB. SolankiC. RathodD. Chauhan5. During whose rule did Kalikalsarvagnya Hemchandracharya?A. Kumarpal B. Siddhraj JaysinhC. Bhimdev SolankiD. Mulraj Solanki6. During whose rule did Anhilwad Patan come to be known as Vidhya Dham ?A. Siddhraj JaysinhB. KumarpalC. AjaypalD. Mulraj Solanki7. During the rule of which king was Gujarats prosperity at its peak?A. AjaypalB. Bhimdev SolankiC. Siddhraj JaysinhD. Kumarpal8.How many kings of the Solanki Dynasty later renounced the crown and became hermits?A. Seven B. Four C. FiveD. Six9. In which city was Raniki Vav constructed?A. VadnagarB. PatanC. JunagadhD. Vadodara10. Who undertook the construction of Raniki vav ?A. Rani Banumati B. Queen mother {Rajmata} MinaldeviC. Rani UdaymatiD.Rani Naikidevi11. What is the number of storeys of Raniki Vav?A. SevenB. Nine C. SixD. Five12. On whose suggestion were Malav lake in Dholka and Munsar lake in Viramgam constructed by Siddhraj Jaysingh?A. Rani UdaymatiB. Queen-mother {Rajmata} MinaldeviC. Rani RupmatiD. Siddhraj Jaisingh13. In which city in Gujarat is Sahastraling Talav situated?A. PatanB. JunagadhC. AhmedabadD. Vadnagar14. Who defeated Shahbuddin Ghori in 1178 A.D.?A. Bhimdev SolankiB. Siddhraj JaysinghC. Rani UdaymatiD. Rani Naikidevi 15. Who established Ahmedabad city?A. Sultan Mahammud BegdaB. Siddhraj JaysinghC. Sultan Qutub-ud-dinD. Sultan Ahmedshah 16. By which name was the largest unit of administration known during the Solanki period ?A. VishB. Panthak C. MandalD. Jan17. the famous temple of Somnath Patan of Solanki Period was place of pilgrim of which religion sect?A. Shaiva B. JainC. VaishnavD. Swaminarayan18. Which was the famous Vishnav pilgrim centre in the Solanki Period?A. AmbajiB. SomnathC. PatanD. Dwarka19. In which city in Gujarat is the Sun Temple situated?A. PatanB. JunagadhC. VadnagarD. Modhera20. Whre in Gujarat is the famous Kirti Toran situated?A. PalitanaB. Mehsana C. Vadnagar D. Gandhinagar21. Where is Vimalvashi temple situated?A. AbuB. AmbajiC. Palitana D. Junagadh22. For how many years approximately did the Rajput dynasties rule over Gujarat in the Medieval Period?A. 450B. 560C. 650D. 750L-323. What type of government do we have in India?A. SocialistB. PresidentialC. DemocraticD. Dictatorship24. Who ensures speedy and inexpensive delivery of justice?A. Lok AdalatsB. Gram PanchayatsC. Nyaya PanchayatsD. Judges25. Which is the lowest court in India?A. Village CourtB. Taluka CourtC. Lok AdalatD. Mandal Court 26. In which year was the Gujarat High Court established?A.1960 A.D.B.1951 A.D.C.1965 A.D.D.1955 A.D.27. In which city the Gujarat High court situated?A.GandhinagarB.RajkotC.AhmedabadD.Vadodara28.By what name are the disputes related to house, land and property known?A.LocalB.CivilC.CriminalD.Revenue29. By what name are the cases of theft, robbery, cheating, murder, physical assault and fight in public places known?A.JudicialB.CivilC.CriminalD.FundamentalL-41. In which year did Babur invade India?A. 1516 A.D. B. 1526 A.D.C. 1536 A.D. D. 1606 A.D.2. Who is the founder of the Mughal Dynasty in India?A. Akbar B. Humayunc. Babur D. Bairam Khan3. Who ascended the throne of Delhi after the death of Babur?A. Humayun B. Shershah C. Kamran D. Akbar4. Who was born at the palace of the king of Amarkot? A. Rana Udaysinh B. Akbar C. Rana Ratansinh D. Humayun5. Which of the following is not a ruler of the Mughal Dynasty? A. Aurangzeb B. Jahangir C.Humayun D. Sher Shah6. Whom did Akbar defeat under the guidance of Bairam Khan? A. Sher Shah B. Bahadur Shah C. Ibrahim Lodi D. Hemu7. Which title did Prince Salim adopt when he ascended the throne after the Akbar?A. Jahangir B. Shahjahan C. Humayun D. Aurangzeb8. The rulers of which Rajput Dynasty fought many battles with Akbar?A. Sisodiya B. Vaghela C. Kantharia D. Solanki9. Which tax was not levied during the reign of Akbar? A. Octroi B. Pilgrim C. Mandal D. Land Revenue10. Which of the following book was written by Abul Fazl? A. Humayunama B. Baburnama C. Akbarnama D. Jahangirnama11. Which of the following ruler set up a mint house and minted uniform silver coins? A. Humayun B. Akbar C. Sher shah D. Babur12. Where did historic battle between the armies of Akbar and Rana Pratap take place?A. Haldighati B. Khaiberghat C.Bolanghat D. Panipat13. Where did Akbar build the Prayer hall (Ibadatkhana)? A. Agra B. Fatehpur Sikri C. Bijapur D. DelhiL-514. Which state produces maximum bajri? A. Gujarat B. Maharashtra C. Rajasthan D. Punjab15. Where is the crop of tea grown?A. Sloping land B. Soil in which water is filled C. Sandy Land D. Black soil16. In which of the following states jower grown? A. Assam B. Maharashtra C. Punjab D. Haryana 17. In which of the following states bajri grown?A. Gujarat B. Tamil Nadu C. Kerela D. Karnataka18. In which of the following states corn grown? A. Jammu Kashmir B. Punjab C. Haryana D. Madhya Pradesh19. Which state in India produces maximum groundnut? A. Maharashtra B. Andhra Pradesh C. Gujarat D. Madhya Pradesh20. Which state in India produces plenty of wheat?A. Punjab B. Maharashtra C. Bihar D. Gujarat21. What percentage of the cultivated land in India is irrigated? A. 15 B. 18 C. 22 D. 3022. Which agriculture is dependent on monsoon only? A. Normal B. Kharif C. Ravi D. Dry23. In which country of the world is maximum sugar cane produced? A. USA B. China C. India D. Russia24. Which state in India is first in the production of cotton ? A. Haryana B. Gujarat C. Punjab D. Rajasthan25. Which crop is the most important crop of India? A. Jower B. Jute C. Bajri D. Paddy26. In which state of India is maximum tea produced? A. Tamil Nadu B. Assam C. Himachal Pradesh D. West Bengal27. In which state of India is maximum coffee produced?A. Karnataka B. Madhya Pradesh C. Assam D. Uttar Pradesh 28. Which of the following things is made in small scale industry? A. Iron-steel B. Steamer C. Vessels D. Cement29. In which state of India is maximum sugar industry developed? A. Maharashtra B. Gujarat C. Karnataka D. Andhra Pradesh30. At which of the following places in Gujarat are the factories of chemical fertilizers situated? A. Rajkot B. Bhuj C. Patan D. Kalol31. At which of the following places in India are the factories of chemical fertilizers situated? A. Kolkata B. Chennai C. Sindari D. Bengaluru32. What is made in cottage industries? A. Bus B. Cement C. Papad D. Sugar33. Which is the main centre for woollen industry? A. Jamnagar B. Ludhiana C. Maharashtra D. Uttar Pradesh34. At which of the following places is paper used for newspaper made? A. Hosangabad B. Nepanagar C. Aurangabad D. Baroda35. Where is the refinery that purifies mineral oil, situated in Gujarat? A. Kalol B. Baroda C. Kandla D. Baruch36. In which country is the biggest roadweb situated in the world? A. Japan B. Pakistan C. Sri Lanka D. India37. Which is the longest Highway in India? A. Highway No.5 B. Highway No.6 C. Highway No.21 D. Highway No. 38. Which is the shortest highway in India? A. Highway No.21 B. Highway No.25 C. Highway No.35 D. Highway No.1039. What is the written on the milestone of the National Highway? A. (D.M.R.) B. (S.H.) C. (N.H.) D. Nothing40. At which of the following places is the ropeway situated in Gujarat? A. Ramgadh B. Pavagadh C. Junagadh D. SongadhL-61. Who was the most inspiring ruler of the Mughal Dynasty?A. BaburB. JahangirC. AkbarD. Shah Jahan2. During whose rule were many architectural monuments constructed?A. Shah Jahan B. Akbar C. JahangirD. Aurangzeb3. Which of the following Sikh Gurus was killed (beheaded) by Jahangir?A. Guru Teg BahadurB. Guru GovindsinghC. Guru Arjunsingh (Dev)D. Guru Hargovindshah4. Which Mughal emperor was well-versed in Arabian and persian languages?A. Akbar B. JahangirC. Shah jahanD. Aurangzeb5. Which Mughal emperor disliked art, music and paiting?A. JahangirB. BaburC. Akbar D. Aurangzeb6. Which Mughal emperor was fond of Painting?A. JahangirB. AkbarC. BaburD. Aurangzeb7. Whose reign is described as the Golden Age of the Mughal period?A. AkbarB. Shah JahanC. JahangirD. Aurangzeb8. In which year was Shivaji born?A. 1674 A.D.B. 1630 A.D.C. 1668 A.D.D. 1642 A.D.9. Where was Shivaji born?A. Shivneri fortB. Torana fortC. Purandar fortD. Bijapur10. When was Shivaji coroated?A. 1664 A.D.B. 1668 A.D.C. 1674 A.D.D. 1630 A.D.11. Where was Shivaji coronated?A. PurandarB. ShivneriC. RaigadhD. ToranaL-81. In which district is the Somnath Temple situated?a. Porbander.b. Bhavnagar. c. Junagarh. d. Rajkot.2. What is the number of Jyotirlings in India?a. 4. b. 8. c. 15. d. 12.3. On the banks of which river is the Dwarkadhish temple situated?a. Bhadar. b. Gomti. c. Bhukhi. d. Saraswati.4. How many steps have you to climb to reach the Dwarkadhish?a. 80 b. 108 c. 101 d. 905. The Shikhar of the Dwarkadhish temple consists of how many storeys?a. 6. b. 8. c.5. d . 11.6. In which district is the Sun Temple of Modhera situated?a. Himmatnagar. b. Patan. c. Gandhinagar. d. Mehsana.7. Which king constructed the Sun Temple of Modhera?a. Siddhraj Jaysingh b.Mulraj. I c.Bhimdev. I d. Kumarpal8. In which place is the Sun Temple of Gujarat situated?a. Pavagadh. b. Chotila c. Modhera.9. Where in Gujarat is the Rudra Mahalaya situated?a. Siddhpur. b. Patan. c. Vadhnagar. d. Dwarka.10. In which district is the Rudra Mahalaya situated?a. Junagarh. b.Mehsana c. Patan. d. Vadodara.11. Who started the construction of Rudra Mahalaya at siddhpur? a. Rani Rupmati b. Bhimdev Solanki c. Siddhraj Jaysingh d. Mulraj Solanki12. On which mountain is the Jain Pilgrim place Palitana situated? a. Shetrunjaya. b. Girnar. c. Pavagadh d. Barda.13. Which is the most revered place of Jain Pilgrimage? a. Taranga b. Palitana c. Shankeshwar d. Vadavali14. Which Jali in Ahmedabad is world famous? a. Siddi Saiyads jali b. Rani Rupmatis jali c. Siddi Bashirs jali d. Rani Sipris jali15. Where is Qutub Minar situated? a. Agrab.Fatehpur Sikri c. Delhi d. Hyderabad16. Who started the construction of Qutub Minar? a. Iltutmishb.Alauddin Khiljic. Qutub-ud-din aibak d. Husen Shah17. How many storeyed building is Qutub Minar? a. 3 b.7.c. 4d. 518.What is Dhai Din Ka Zopada? a. A Templeb. A Mosquec.A Churchd. A Palace19. Which mosque was built by Qutub-ud-din Aibak? a. Dhai Din Ka Zopada b.Chirag-e-delhic. Moth-ki-masjid d.Qudam-Rasool-Masjid20.Which was the first mosque constructed in India? a. Nagina masjidb. Dhai Din Ka Zopadac. Jama Masjid d. Moti Masjid21. By what other name is the Bruhdeshwar temple known? a.Rajeshwar templeb. Lagua Mahadev temple d. Devadhidev templed. Hajara temple22. Where is the Bruhdeshwar temple situated? a. Chhatarpurb. Puddakalc.Thanjavurd. Konark23. Which Mughal Emperor established new capital at Fatehpur Sikri? a. Akbarb.Baburc. Shah Jahand.Jahangir24. Which is Indias tallest entrance door with a dome? a.Gol Gumbaz at Bijapurb. Gateway of India at Mumbai c.Saint Salim Chistis Darwazad.Buland Darwaza at Fatehpur Sikri25. Which is the most important architecture in Fatehpur Sikri? a.Moti Masjidb.Jama Masjidc.Shahi Msjidd. Atala Masjid26. Which Mughal Emperor Built Red Fort In Delhi? a. Humayunb. Jahangirc.Shah Jahand.Akbar27. Which Mughal Emperor built taj mahal? a. Shah Jahanb. Akbarc. Humayund. Jahangir28. Where is Taj Mahal situated?a. New Delhib. Agrac. Old Delhid. Fatehpur Sikri29.Which Medieval monumental architecture is among the seven wonders of the world? a. Red Fort of Agra b. Qutub Minarc. Red Fort of Delhi d. Taj MahalL-91. In which state do the males wear dhoti and a cap on head?A. West Bengal B. Maharashtra.C. Rajasthan D. Kerela2. In which state do the females wear coloured ghaghro with large circumference and blouse which reaches up to waist?A. Rajasthan B. PunjabC. Uttar Pradesh D. Gujarat3. Ras Garba of which state is famous all over the World?A. Maharashtra B. GujaratC. Punjab D. Uttar Pradesh4. Which dance of Rajasthan is very famous?A. Bihu B. Lavni C. Bhangada D. Ghummar5. Which dance of Maharashtra is very famous?A. Ghummar B. Lavni C. Ojapali D. Bihu6. Which people uses dishes made of Wheat at main food?A. North India B. South India C. East India D. West India7. Which state of India is known for its natural beauty all over the World?A. Madhya Pradesh B. Karnataka C. Tamil Nadu D. Jammu Kashmir8. Which state is known as Heaven on Earth?A. Odisha B. Jammu Kashmir C. Assam D. Kerala9. In which state do the females wear Salwar Kameez and tie a scarf on the head?A. Punjab B. Gujarat C. Karnataka D. Jammu Kashmir10. In which lake of Kashmir do the people live in the house boat?A. Sambhar B. Dhebar C. Wullar D. Dal11. Which festival of Punjab is very famous?A. Durga pooja B. Ojapali C. Navratri d. Vaishakhi12. Which state is known for the Bhangda dance?A. Punjab B Madhya Pradesh C. Assam D. Odisha13. In which state do the males wear lungi?A. Bihar B. Odisha C. Kerala D. Uttar Pradesh14. Women of which state are fond of Flowers?A. Kerala B. Gujarat C. Madhya Pradesh D. Bihar15. Of which state is Kathakali a famous dance style?A. Kerala B Tamil Nadu C Karnataka D Andhra Pradesh16. Of which state is Bharatnatyam a famous dance style?A. Karnata B. Andhra Pradesh C. Tamil Nadu D. Kerala17. For which dance is Andhra Pradesh Famous?A. Kuchipudi B. Bharatnatyam C. Bihu D. Kathakali18. Of which state is Bihu a Famous Dance style?A. Jammu Kashmir B. Assam C. Andhra Pradesh D. Karnataka19. Of which state is Ojapali a famous dance?A. Karnataka B. Andhra Pradesh C. Kerala D. Assam 20. In which state is there a small Pukur pond behind houses where fish are raised?A. Kerala B. Karnataka C. West Bengal D. Maharashtra.L-121. The name of America is kept on the name of Amerigo Vespucci. Of which country was he inhabitant?A.Norway B.Italy c.spain d.portugal2. How much land area of the world does North America continent cover ?A.13% b.21% C.16% d.26%3.For which crop are the Prairies plains famous ?A.maize b.sugarcane c.paddy D.Wheat4.Which mountain range of North America is very wide?A.Rockies b.appalachian c.andes d.alaska5.Which is the tallest peak in north america ?A.orizabad b.logan C.McKinley d.popocatepetl6.In which mountain range is the Mt. McKinley situated ?A.appaalachian b.rockies c.sierra madre D. Alaska7.in which direction is the desert of North America located ?A.South -west b.south-east c.east d.north8.in which part of america do the eskimos live ?A.west b.east c.north d.south9.which tropic passes through mexico ?A.tropic of cancer b.tropic of capricon c.north pole d.equator10.how many standard zone times are there in u.s.a. and canada ?A.three b.four c.five d.six11.which is the largest country in north america ?A.u.s.a. b.canada c.brazil d.argentina12.which is the national tree of canada ?A.oak b.maple c.berch d.ash13.in the production of wnich mineral does canada rank first ?A.platinum b.mineral oil c.gold d.silver14.which is the largest city city of canada ?A.winnipeg b.ottawa c.hamilton d.toronto15.which is the capital of canada ?A.montreal b.toronto c.ottawa d.quebee16. Which is a very important river of canada ?A. Mackenzie b.st.lawrence c.mississipi d.missouri17. Which is the national game of canada ?A.football b.ice-hockey c.cricket d.tennis18. Which country ranks fiest in the industries in the world ?A. U.s.a. b. Germany c.u.k. d.japan19. Which river is composed grand canyon ?A.colorado b.mississipi c.mackenzie d.missouri20. In which city is the statue of liberty situated ?A.los angles b.chicago c.washington d.new yorkL-12 South America.1. What is the rank of south america continent in the terms of area?A. 3rd B. 4th C. 5th D. 2nd2. Which is the longest mountain in the world?A. Andes B. RockiesC. HimalayasD. Alps3. Which is the highest peak in the world?A. Cotopaxi B. Ancohuma C. Chimborazo D. Aconcagua4. Which river in the world has the maximum volume of water?A. Nile B. Mississippi C. Yangtze D. Amazon 5. Which river is the largest river basin in the world?A. Amazon B. Congo C. Mississippi D. Nile6. Which tropic passes through the northern part of brazil?A. Equator B. tropic of Capricorn C. tropic of cancer D. south pole 7. Which tropic passes through the southern part of brazil?A. tropic of cancer B. Equator C. tropic of Capricorn D. south pole 8. In which climatic zone is the largest part of south America?A. Cold zone B. Torrid zone C. Rainy zone D. temperature zone9. What percentage of forests of the world are there in south America? A. 9% B. 13%C. 18% D. 21% 10.What percentage of land of south America is used for agriculture?A. 6.8% B. 4.2% C. 3.5% D. 2%11. About what percentage of the population of south America is engaged in agriculture?A. 60% B. 30 % C. 75% D.72% 12. What is the rank of brazil in the world in the terms of area?a. 3rd b.7th c. 4th d. 5th 13. In which part of the south America continent is the Patagonia located?a. northern b. southern c. eastern d. western.14. Which country in the world produces maximum sugarcane?a. USA b. brazil c. china d. india15.Which country leads in the production of coffee?a. Indonesia b. thiland c. brazil d. Colombia16. Which country in south America produces maximum Wheat?a. Argentina b. peru c. chile d. brazil17. Which country in south America leads in the production of mineral oil?a. Ecuador b. brazil c. argentina d. Venezuela. 18. Which is the national language of brazil?A. Spanish b. Portuguese c. French d. English 19. What is the name of the capital of Argentina?a. rio de janerio b. Montevideo c. buenons aires d. bogota

Ex-2 BlanksLesson-11) At present the village anawada situated in the west of Patan is the deformed name of Anhilwad 2) Jaishikhari was the father of Vanraj Chavda.3) Jaishikhari ruled over Panchaser kingdom.4) Vanraj Chavda established Anhilwad Patan on the banks of river Saraswati.5) Anhil Bharwad helped Vanraj Chavda to regain his fathers lost kingdom. 6) The kings of the Chavda Dynasty ruled over for Gujarat about 196 years. 7) Kalikal Sarvagnya Hemchandracharya was well known lived during the times of Siddhraj Jaysinh.8) Siddhraj Jaisinh proposed Hemchandracharya to prepare and write a grammar book.9) Hemchandracharya prepare and wrote grammar book Siddhhem Shabdanushasan.10) Siddhraj Jaisinh carried out the procession of the book Siddhhem Shabdanushasan on the back of an elephant.11) Gujarats prosperity was at its peak during the rule of Kumarpal.12) During the reign of Kumarpal, the confluence of Ahisma , Lakshmi , and Saraswati was seen in Anhilwad Patan. 13) Queen Udaymati constructed Raniki Vav. 14) Queen Minaldevi was mother of Siddhraj Jaisinh.15) Queen-Mother (Rajmata) Minaldevi waived off the pilgrim tax. 16) Siddhraj Jaisinh constructed Malav lake in Dholka ,and Munsar lake in Viramgam at the request of Queen-Mother (Rajamata) Minaldevi. 17) Siddhraj Jaisinh constructed Sahastraling lake in Patan. 18) Queen Naikidevi was the brave heroic Lady of Anhilwad.19) Queen Naikidevi defeated the army of Shahabuddin Ghori.20) During the sultanate period, Sultan Ahmedshah built the new city Ahmedabad on the banks of river Sabarmati in1411 A.D.21) The largest unit of administration was called Mandal during the Solanki Period.22) The area around the capital city of Anhilwad Patan was known as Saraswati Mandal.23) During the Solanki period, the followers of Shaiva sect were in a large number in Gujarat. 24) During the Solanki period, Somnath Patan was Shaiva sects and Dwarka was Vaishnav sects main centres.25) The Kirti Toran at Vadnagar is the most famous amoung the Kirti Torans in Gujarat.

Lesson-3 1. The bullet from the place was fired by the Queen.2. The Queen (Begum) was fond of hunting.3. The name of the Goddess of Justice is Asteen. 4. The image of the Goddess of Justice are blind-folded.5. There is scale in the one (right) hand and sword in the other (left) hand of the Goddess of Justice .6. Lok Adalat have been put into practice to make judiciary quick and inexpensive.7. Taluka court is the court at the lower level.8. The Taluka courts are called Trial courts.9. The High Court is the head of all court in the district.10. The main court in the state is known as the High court.11. The Gujarat High court was established in the year 1960 A.D.12. The Gujarat High Court is situated in Ahmedabad City.13. The topmost court of our country is Supreme court.14. In Taluka court only civil cases are heared.15. House, Land, or Property cases are called Civil cases.16. The process of securing justice from the court is _________.17. There is a criminal court in every district.18. The police arrests the criminal on the basis of complaints.19. The FIR is registered when the police comes to know about the crime.l-41. Babur attacked Delhi in 1526 A.D.2. Babur was the founder of the Mughal dynasty in India.3. Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the (First) Battle of panipat.4. Babur defeated the brave ruler of Chittor Rana Sanga at Kanva.5. Humayun ascended on the throne of Delhi after Babur.6. Humayun had to struggle constantly against his brother Kamran.7. Akbar was born at the palace of the king of Amarkot.8. Sher shah is the well known as a reformer in history.9. Bairam khan was a faithful minister of Humayun.10.Bairam khan was guardian of Akbar and took care of administration on his behalf.11.Hemu, the leader of sikandar suri set up his rule in Delhi when Akbar was in Punjab.12.Akbar defeated Hemu in the second Battle of Panipat under the guidance of Bairam khan.13.Akbar won Chittor and Ranthambhore in the battle with Ranapratap.14.Prince salim adopted the tittle Jahangir and ascended the throne after akbar.15.Akbar maintained cordials relations and won confidence of the Rajput rulers.16.Subedari system was implemented during the Mughal period.17.Akbar was the most liberal and benevolent ruler among the Mughal rulers.18.Akbar regularly attended the religious meet in the Prayer Hall at Fatehpur Sikri on every Friday. 19.Sher Shah prepared the revenue system with the help of Todarmal.20.Among the many battles fought between Mewar and Delhi the battle of haldighati is considered to be the most important battle.21.the name of maharana prataps horse was chetak.22.bhamashah gave financial help to Maharana Pratap. l-51. In india, about 70 percenage of people is associated with agriculture.2. Arid regions are suitable for the jowar and bajri crops.3. 50% of the edible oil of india is extracted only from groundnut.4. In the dry farming wheat crop grows well.5. To make khakhara at home is called cottage industry.6. Cotton crop is required to make cotton cloth.7. The woolen industry has developed mainly in Ludhiana state of india.8. Limestone (mineral) is required for cement industry.9. Paper used in newspaper is made in nepanagar in Madhya Pradesh.10.The small nails or huge machinery and their spare parts are made from Iron-steel. 11.The chemical fertilizer Industry is dependent on petrochemicals. 12.The longest national highway of india connects from Varanasi to kanyakumari.13.The shortest national highway of india connects from Kolkata to bongaun.14.Airport are constructed for the landing and taking off for aeroplanes.15.`Indian airlinesprovides the service for the domestic travel in india.16.`Air India provides the service for international travel in india.17.Water way is more inexpensive and easier than any other ways.18.In mountaineous region ropeways is used for transportation.19.Ropeway is constructed in rajgiri in bihar.L-61. Jahagir was the son of Akbar.2. Prince Salim adopted the name Jahangir.3. Sir Hawkins and Sir Thomas Roe were the representatives of king of England who came to India.4. Noorjahan was the wife of Jahangir.5. Shah Jahan believed that Agriculture is the pillar of prosperity.6. Shah Jahan established the new city Shah Jahanabad near old Delhi.7. Mughal emperor Aurangzeb had very sharp memory.8. Veer Durgadas fought continuously for 25 years with Aurangzeb to free Marwar (for freedm of Marwar).9. Aurangzeb fought for 25 years against Shiya states of Bijapur and Golkonda in the South.10. The Mughal society had feudal system.11. Dussera festival was celebrated in the Mughal empire during the reign of Jahangir in a grand manner.12. One man was equal to 55.5 ratal in Mughal time.13. The Mughal emperors was fond of Grand palaces.14. Shah Jahan was known as Constructor of Palaces in history.15. Shah Jahan built the world famous Taj Mahal.16. Tavenier and Bernier the French travellers visited India during Mughal period.17. The Golden Age of the Mughal rule means the rule of Shah Jahan.18. Maharashtra was the homeland of the Marathas.19. Shivaji was born in the year 1630 A.D.20. Shivaji was born at the Shivneri fort.21. Shivaji learnt lessons of politics from Dadaji Konddev.22. Shvaji was coronated in the year 1674 A.D.23. Shivaji was coronated at Raigadh.24. Shivaji frmed council of eight ministers for poper administration of his kingdom.L-81. The Somnath Temple is at Parbhas Patan near Veraval.2. The Somnath Temple is of the Shaiva sect of Hindu Religion.3. Under the reconstruction plan, the new Somnath Temple was built in the year 1951 A.D.4. The dome of the Somnath Temple is supported by 60 pillars.5. Adjacent to the Dwarkadhish temple is the math of Shrimad shankracharya.6. The math of Shrimad shankracharya in Dwarka is known as the Sharadapith.7. The world-famous Sun temple of Modhera is in Mehsana district.8. The Sun temple at Modhera has some relationship with the Sun temple at Konark in the east India.9. The Sun Temple of Modhera is located on the Tropic of Cancer.10. The construction of Rudra Mahalaya at Siddhpur was completed by Siddhraj Jaysinh.11. Palitana is the most revered place of the pilgrimage of the jains.12. Jain Temples of Palitana are on the Shetrunjay mountains.13. Shetrunjay is refered as the place of the first jain Tirthankar Adinath Bhagwan Rishabhdev.14. Qutub Minar is the tallest minarate in India.15. Dhai Din Ka Zopada is a mosque.16. Dhai Din Ka Zopada is the first mosque constructed in India.17. The entrance to the temple of the Chola period was known as Gopuram.18. The artistic copper idols of dancing Shiva (Natraj) are unique.19. The Buland Darwaza in Fatehpur Sikri is the entrance of the Jama Masjid on the south side.20. The Chola king Rajeshwar was built the Bruhadeshwar temple.21. The height of the Buland Darwaza is 55 metres.22. The Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan built the Red Fort as the place of residence of the royal family.23. The Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan built Taj Mahal in the memory of his begum Mumtaz Mahal.L-9

1. The people of India there is a feeling of unity in Diversity.2. In Rajasthan females wear coloured ghaghro with large circumference and blouse which reaches up to waist.3. In Maharashtra males wear dhoti and cap on their head.4. Tribal people dwelling in forest live in stray huts.5. Ras garba of Gujarat is famous all over the world.6. Ghummar dance of Rajasthan is very famous.7. Lavni dance of the people of Maharashtra is very famous.8. Punjab is known as the region of five rivers.9. Jammu Kashmir is known as heaven of the earth.10. The people of North India are heighted and sturdy.11. The female of Kashmir wear Salwar-Kameez and tie a scarf on the head.12. Punjabi people wear turban on their head.13. House boats and Shikara are seen in Dal lake.14. Bhangada dance of Punjab is very famous. 15. Kuni Fair is well known in Uttar Pradesh.16. Vaishakhi festival is celebrated with great joy in Punjab.17. Females of Kerela are fond of flowers.18. In Odisha the rathyatra of Jagannath Puri is world famous.19. Kerala is well known for its Kathakali dance.20. Bharatnatyam dance of Tamil Nadu is very famous.21. Andhra Pradesh is well known for its Kuchipudi dance.22. Kerala state is famous for boat race.23. Onam is celebrated with great joy in south India.24. Rasgulla of West Bengal state is very famous. 25. Assam state is very famous for bihu dance. l-101.The property that everyone can use is called public property.2. It is our responsibility to use the property properly as that belongs to all of us.3. Those things in our house are regarded as personal property.4. The trees planted on road are public property. 5. It is a crime to damage public property.6. The memorials in our country are our pride.7. Our money is used in building public memorials.8. Persevering public property and environment is everyone responsiblity.9. The government property is our property.L-121.THE AREA OF NORTH AMERICA CONTINENT IS 220.44 LAKH SQ KM2.THE NORTH-SOUTH LENGTH OF NORTH AMERICA IS 9654 kms.3. NORTH POLE PASSES THROUGH CANADA.4. THE CENTRAL PLAINS OF NORTH AMERICA ARE KNOWN AS PLAINS OF PRAIRIES.5. THE HOUSE OF ESKIMO, MADE OF ICE BLOCKS ARE KNOWN AS IGLOO.6. THE CYCLONE WHICH OCCOURS FREQUENTLY OVER TEXAS REGION IS CALLED TORNADO.7. TROPIC OF CANCER PASSES THROUGH MEXICO.8. IN NORTH AMERICA CANADA IS THE LARGEST COUNTRY IN AREA.9. THE ORIGINAL EXPLORER OF AMERICA IS AMEROGO VESPUCCI.10. THERE IS A LARGE FOREST ZONE CALLED CONIFERIOUS TO THE SOUTH OF THE TUNDRA REGION IN NORTH CANADA.11. NUMEROUS TYPES OF FISH ARE FOUND IN THE CONTENENTAL SHELF OF THE NEW FOUNDLAND IN CANADA.12. THE ORIGINAL NATIVES OF U.S.A WERE RED INDIANS PEOPLE.13. WASHINGTON D.C IS THE CAPITAL OF U.S.A.14. OTTAWA IS THE CAPITAL OF CANADA.15. IN CANADA WHEAT IS PRODUCED IN ABUNDANCE IN THE PLAINS OF PRARIES.16. ICE HOCKEY IS THE NATIONAL GAME OF CANADA.17. U.S.A RANKS FIRST IN ALL THE CONTRIES OF THE WORLD IN THE FIELD OF TRANSPORTATION.L-12 SOUTH AMERICA.1. South America continent about 13% land area of the world.2. In the terms of physiography , south America continent has four natural divisions.3. North & south America continents are connected by the isthmus of Panama.4. Brazil is the largest country in South America.5. In the terms of area , brazil ranks fifth in the world.6. The andes mountains range is about 7200 kilometers long.7. The Titicaca lake situated at a great height in South America is world famous.8. The length of amazon river is about 4872 km.9. The Atacama desert is located along the coasts of peru and chile in south America.10. Only 4.2 % of land is used for agriculture in south America11. About60% of population of south America is dependent on agriculture.12. In the terms of area, South America is the fourth largest continent of the world.13. Alfalfa grass grows in the Pampas grassland.14. Majority of the population of Brazil lives in its eastern part.15. Brasilia is the capital of Brazil.16. Buenos Aries is the capital of Argentina.17. The national language of Argentina is Spanish. Ex-3 MatchLesson-1(1) Section-A Section-B1. Siddhhem Shabdanushasan -- Hemchandracharya 2. Raniki Vav -- Rani (Queen) Udaymati3. Hemchandracharya -- Kalikal Sarvagnya (Great scholar) 4. Dwarka -- Pilgrim centre of Vaisnavas5. Abu -- Vimalvashi temple(2) Section-A Section-B1. Sahastraling Lake -- Patan2. Kirti Toran -- Vadnagar3. Malav Lake -- Dholka4. Sun temple -- ModheraLesson-3 Section-A Section-B1. District sessions court -- Decides the criminal cases2. Taluka Court -- Hears Disputes regarding property3. District Civil Court -- Hears the appeals filed when People do not get justice in Taluka Court L-41.Red Fort - Delhi2.Founder of the Mughal Dynasty - Babur3.Born at the palace of the Rana of Amarkot - Akbar4.Afghan Sardar - Sher Shah5.A jewel in Akbars court - Birbal6.Developed new land revenue system - Todarmal7.Guardian Of Akbar - Bairam Khan8.Brave ruler of Mewar - Rana PratapL-59.Cotton Cloth - Ahmedabad10.Jute Cloth - Kolkata11.Iron-steel Industry - Bokaro12.Newspapers paper - Nepanagar13.The currency note paper - Devas14.Chemical Fertilizers - Sindari15.Refinery of mineral oil - Koyali (Baroda)16.Woollen cloth industry - LudhianaL-61. Killed Sikh Guru Arjun Singh - Jahangir2. Built Taj Mahal - Shah Jahan3. Founder of the Maratha State - Shivaji4. Follower of Vithalnathji - 5. Fought for the freedom of Marwar Veer DurgadasL-81..somnath temple-prabhas patan2.dwarkadhish temple-gomti river3.sun temple-modhera4.rudra mahlaya-siddhpur5.palitana-shetrunjaya6.siddi saiyads jali-lal darwaja, ahmedabad7.qutub minar-delhi8.dhai din ka zopada-mosque9.bruhdeshwar temple-thanjavur10.buland darwaja-fatehpur sikriL-91. Gujarat -- Rasgarba2. Rajasthan -- Ghummar3. Maharashtra -- Lavni4. Punjab -- Bhangada5. Kerala -- Kathakali6.Tamil Nadu -- Bharatnatyam7. Andhra Pradesh -- Kuchipudi8. Assam -- Bihu

L-121. STATUE OF LIBERTY-- NEW YORK2. WHITE HOUSE-- WASHINGTON3. CAPITAL OF CANADA-- OTTAWA4. CAPITAL OF U.S.A-- WASHINGTON D.C5. HOUSE OF ESKIMO-- IGLOO

L-121. Cotopaxi - Volcano2. Amazon- River3. Panama- Canal4. Titicaca- Lake5. Atacama-Desert6. Anaconda-Python7. Alfalfa-Grass

Ex-4 True or FalseLesson-11. The Chavda Dynasty ruled over Gujarat for 196 Years. True2. The Vaghela Dynasty succeeded the Chavda Dynasty on the throne of Anhilwad Patan. False 3. Siddhraj Jaisinh proposed Hemchandracharya to prepare and write a grammar book. True4. Queen-Mother (Rajmata) Minaldevi constructed a vav for the welfare of the people. False5. Siddraj Jaisinh waived off the pilgrim tax on the demand of the people.False6. Raniki Vav is situated in Patan. True7. The rulers of the Vaghela Dynasty ruled over Gujarat after Solanki Dynasty. True8. Karandev Vaghele was the last ruler of Vaghela Dynasty. True9. The sub-section of a Mandal was called Panthak. True10. The impact of Jainism in Gujarat lapsed in the medieval age. False11. The famous architecture Siddi Saiyyad Jali is situated in Ahmedabad. TrueLesson-31. The Judiciary of our country is independent and unbiased.True 2.We get quick and inexpensive justice in our courts. False 3.Only criminal cases are heard by the Taluka courts. False 4.Districts courts are established only in large districts. False5. The Lok Adalats add to the burden of the Courts.Falsel-41.Babur died on the battlefield in 1530 A.D. False2.Babur ascended the throne after Humayun. False3.Sher Shah had defeated Humayun twice.True4.Akbar was only thirteen years old when his father Humayun passed away.True5.Prince Salim adopted the title Jahangir. True6.Akbar developed friendly relations with Maharana Pratap. False7.Akbar organized religious meet in the Prayer Hall on every Tuesday. False8.Akbar followed the revenue collection method of Sher Shah.Truel-59.India is an Industrial Country. False10.The agriculture which is dependent only on rain is called dry farming.False 11.Jute plant is putrefied in water. False 12.Bajri is the staple diet of most of the Indians. False 13.Cement is used to construct houses and dams. True 14.The currency note paper is made in nepanagar. False 15.Mineral oil is extracted from the interior of the earth. True 16.The chemical fertilizers are used in industries. False 17.Transportation improves the emotional integrity of our country. TrueL-61. After the death of Akbar, his son Shah Jahan ascended to the throne. False2. Prince Khushru was the son of Jahangir. True3. Most of administrative work of Jahangir was looked after by Noor Jahan. True4. Shah Jahan believed that trade and industry are the pillars of prosperity. False5. None of the foreign offcials had the permissions to take away wealth from India in the Mughal empire. True6. Villagers were not self-reliant during the Mughal period. False7. Poet Raskhan was a follower of Vaishnava Acharya Vithalnathji. True8. Indian textile was very famous in the markets of Europe and Asia during the Mughal period. True9. The name of Shivajis father was Sambhaji and the name of his mother was Jijabai.True10. Guerilla technique was surprise attack on the enemy. TrueL-81.The somnath temple is near junagadh at prabhas patan in veraval district.false2.The sun temple at modhera is located on equator.false3.The sun temple of modhera is a unique example of sculpture and architecture.true4.The qutub minar is a sevev-storeyed structure.false5.The bruhdeshwar temple is an excellent work of the chola-dravidian style of architecture.true6.The red fort in delhi was built by akbar.false7.The most important building of fatehpur sikri is jama masjid.true8.Taj mahal is a world-famous makbara.trueL-91. In Rajasthan female wear saree across the legs.False2. People of India are fond of food.True3. Tarnetar fair is taken place in Gujarat. True4. The main food of the people of south India is the item made from wheat. False.5. The males of Punjab wear Jacket on Jabhbha. True6. The people of Kashmir are quiet by nature.True7. Most of the people of North India speak English language. False8. There are saffron fields in Rajasthan. False9. In Kerala female wear Veni in their hair.True10. Many big cities are developed in sourthern India.True11. The staple food of the people of the eastern India is rice and fish.True.L-121. ATLANTIC OCEAN IS LOCATED IN THE EAST OF NORTH AMERICA CONTINENT. ( TRUE )2. BAFFIN IS THE LARGEST IS LAND AMONG THE ISLAND IN NORTHERN CANADA. ( TRUE )3. IN NORTH AMERICA, VAST CENTRAL PLAINS ARE KNOWN AS PAMPAS. ( FALSE )4. ROCKY MOUNTAIN RANGE IS LOCATED IN NORTH AMERICA ( TRUE )5. POPOCATEPETL VOLCANO IS LOCATED IN ALASKA. ( FALSE )6. U.S.A RANKS SECOND IN THE INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE WORLD. ( FALSE )7. MAPLE IS A NATIONAL TREE OF U.S.A. ( FALSE )8. FOOTBALL IS A NATIONAL GAME OF CANADA. ( FALSE )9. STATUE OF LIBERTY IS SITUATED IN NEW YORK. ( TRUE )10. U.S.A RANKS FIRST IN TRANSPORTATION IN THE WORLD. ( TRUE )L-121. South America occupies about 12% of land area of the world. false2. North &South America continents are connected by all the isthmus of Suez. false3. There are many volcanic mountains in Ecuador in South America. True4. It rains in the Andes mountain region throughout the year. false5. Brazil leads in the world in the production of coco and sugarcane. false6. Pan-American roadway is constructed in Chile-Argentina. false7. In Brazil about 60% of population live in villages. True8. Wheat & grapes are the main crop in the Argentina. True9. In Argentina , about 40% of population live in cities.false

Ex-5 Answer the following questions in one or two sentencesLesson-1 Q1) Which dynasty ruled over Gujarat in the medieval period from 746 A.D.? A1) Chavda , Solanki and Vaghela dynasty ruled over Gujarat in the medieval period from 746 A.D.Q2) Which city was the capital of Gujarat during the reign of the Chavda, Solanki and Vaghela Dynasties?A2) Anhilpur Patan , also known as Anhilwad Patan was the capital of Gujarat during the reign of the Chavda, Solanki and Vaghela Dynasties.Q3)Where was the new city founded by Vanraj Chavda?A3) Vanraj Chavda founded a new city on the banks of river Saraswati .Q4)What was the name given to the new city by Vanraj Chavda?A4) Vanrajs Chavda best friend Anhil Had helped Vanraj Chavda to regain his fathers lost kingdom . So he named the new city Anhilwada Patan .Q5)Name the great rulers of the Solanki Dynasty?A5) Mulraj Solanki , Bhimdev Solanki , Siddhraj Jaysingh and Kumarpal were the great rulers of the Solanki dynasty .Q6)In whose times did Anhilwad Patan become the main centre of education (Vidhya Dham)?A6) Anhilwada Patan became the main centre of education (Vidhya Dham) during the time of Sidhhraj Jaisinh. Q7)Name the book written by Hemchandracharya?A7) Hemchandracharya wrote the book Siddhhem Shabdanushasan .Q8)How did Sidhhraj Jaisinh pay respect to the book Siddhhem Shabdanushasan?A8)To pay respect to the book Siddhhem Shabdanushasan Siddhraj kept the book on the back of an elephant and carried out a procession in the city.Q9)What was the unique about the procession of Siddhhem Shabdanushasan?A9) The unique thing about the procession of Siddhem Shabdanushasan was that the king Siddhraj jaysingh and composer of the book Hemchandracharya walked along with the book in the entire kingdom.Q10)Confluence of which three things was seen in Anhilwad Patan during the rule of Kumarpal?A10) Confluence of Ahisma , Laxmi and Sarawati was seen in Anhilwad Patan during the rule of Kumarpal.Q11)Who had constructed Raniki Vav? Why?A11) Rani Udaymati had constructed raniki Vau for the welfare of the people .Q12)Who got the pilgrim tax waived off in Anhilwad Patan?A12) Queen Mother Minaldevi got the pilgrim tax waived off in Anhilwad Patan.Q13)Who got the Malav Lake constructed in Dholka and Munsar Lake in Viramgam?A13) Queen Minaldevi, mother of Siddhraj Jaisinh got the Malva lake constructed in Dholka and Munsar lake in Viramgam.Q14)When did Rajput rule over the Anhilwad Patan come to an end?A14) Alauddin Khilji invaded Gujarat during the regin of Karnadev , the last king of Vaghela dynasty .Karandev was defeated in the war with Allauddin Khilji , Therefore the Rajput rule in Anhilwad came to an end.Q15)Who founded Ahmedabad city? When?A15) Sultan Ahmedshah founded Ahmedabad city in 1411 AD.Q16)Panthak was a sub-section of which administrative unit? What were included in a Panthak?A16) Pantak was a sub-section of Mandal . Many villages were included in a Pantak.Q17)Name the Mandals in the Solanki administration?A17) Solanki administration had Kutch Mandal , Saurashtra Mandal , Khetak Mandal , Laat Mandal and Medpat Mandal .Q18)Name the significant work of art and architecture constructed during the medieval period in Gujarat?A18) Among the works of art and architecture constructed during the medieval period in Gujarat were the Sun Temple at Modhera , Vimalvashi temple at Abu , Rudramahalaya at Siddhpur , reconstructed Somnath temple and Jain Derasar of Delwara at Abu .Q19)Which one among the Kirti Toran is very famous?A19) The Kirti Toran at Vadnagar is very famous among the Kirti Toran in Gujarat.Q20)On which material were the handwritten manuscripts written in the medieval age? A20) In the medieval age the handwritten manuscripts were written on Tadpatra . Tadpatras were 2-3 feet long and 1-3 feet broad .Lesson-3Q1. What is the symbol of the judiciary in our country?A1. The symbol of the judiciary in our country is goddess of justice(Asteen) who is blind- folded with a scale in one hand one sword in the other. Q2. What is the arrangement of continuous judiciary?A- 2 Arrangement of continuous judiciary means a single heiarchy of judiciary. The supreme court is at the top level , High court of the state (middle level) , Disctrict and Taluka couet at the lower level.Q3. Name the courts in our country?A 3 There are three levels of courts 1) Taluka 2) DISTRICT 3) Highcourt.Q4. In which type of cases do the court pass judgement?A- 4 Court passes judgement on civil and criminal cases .Q5. How does Lok Adalat dispence justice?A- 5 Lok Adalat dispence justice quickly and inexpensively.Q6. Which court functions at the lower level? By what name are these courts known?A-6 Taluka court functions at the lower level. They are known as Trial courts.Q7. Who is the head of all courts in a district?A-7 District judge is the head of all courts in a district.Q8. Which is the highest court in the state?A-8 High court is the highest court in the state.Q9 In which city is the Gujarat High court situated?A-9 The Gujarat High court situated in Ahmedabad. Q10. Which cases are heard by the Taluka court? A-10 Civil cases are heard by the Taluka court.Q11. What can people do when they do not get justice in the Taluka court?A-11 When people not get justice in the Taluka court They can appeal to the District court.Q12. Which are the matters decided by the civil courts?A 12 The matters decided by the civil courts are house , land or property cases.Q13. Which are the matters decided by the criminal courts?A-13 The matters decided by the criminal courts are theft , robbery , duel , murder , physical harm or any kind of fights .Q14. What type of punishment is given by the criminal courts?A 14 Criminal courts give punishment like penalty , life imprisonment or death sentence etc on the basis of the type of crime commited by him/her.Q15. How will you describe the Judicial process in india?A-15 The Judicial process in india is independent and unbiased .Q16. Why does delay take place in deciding the cases? A-16 When a court has to investigate the matter minutely to avoid injustice , a case gets delayed .Q17 What is the functions of Lok Adalat?A-17 Lok adalat have been put into practice to reduce the work load of the high court and find solutions for reconciliation.L-4Q1. Between which two rulers did the (first) battle of Panipat take place? What was the outcome?Ans. The Battle of Panipat took place between Ibrahim Lodi and Babur in 1526 A.D. Lodi was defeated, so the Sultanate age came to an end and the Mughal rule was established.Q2. Between which two rulers did the battle of Kanva take place? What was the outcome?Ans. The battle of Kanva took place between Babur and Ranasanga in 1527 A.D.Q3. Against whom Humayun had to struggle constantly?Ans. Humayun had to struggle constantly against his brother Kamran and Afghans.Q4. Between which two rulers did the (second) battle of Panipat take place? What was the outcome? Ans. The battle of Panipat took place between Akbar and Hemu under the guidance of Bairam Khan. Akbar defeated Hemu.Q5. Who ascended the throne after akbar? Ans. Prince Salim adopted the name Jahangir and ascended the throne after Akbar.Q6. Why did Akbar maintain (good) relations with the Rajput rulers and win their confidence? Ans. Akbar maintain good relations with the Rajput because he knew that he would not be able to rule in India if he ignored the Rajput rulers.Q7.What was the Mughal tradition of inheritance? Ans. The Mughal tradition of inheritance was that all the sons got equal share of the Empire.Q8. Which taxes were not levied by Akbar? Ans. Pilgrim tax and Jaziya Tax were not levied by Akbar.Q9. Which books were written by Abul Fazl?Ans. The books were written by Abul Fazl were Aine-i-Akbari and Akbarnama.Q10.What was Sher Shah method of collection of revenue?Ans. With the help of Todarmal, Sher Shah had prepared table for collection of revenue it was based on the type of land and production.Q11. Name the famous roads (highways) constructed by Sher Shah?Ans. Sher Shah had constructed roads (highways) between 1. Agra and Marwar 2. Agra and Barhanpur 3. Lahore Mulan.Q12. Which Rajput rulers did not accept the Mughal supremacy?Ans. The Sisodiya Rajput rulers did not accept the Mughal supremacy.Q13. Which ruler of Mewar did not accept Akbars Supremacy?Ans. Maharana Pratap of Mewar did not accept Akbars Supremacy.Q14. Which was the landmark battle between Mewar and Delhi?Ans. The Battle of Haldighati was the landmark battle between Mewar and Delhi.Q15. Between which two rulers did the battle of Haldighati take place? What was the outcome?Ans. The Battle of Haldighati took plance between Maharana Pratap and Akbar. Maharana Pratap was defeated by Akbar.Q16. What were the distinct qualities of Rana Pratap horse chetak?Ans. The distinct qualities of Rana Prataps horse Chetak was 1. He was speacially trained for battle. 2. In the Battle field Chetak could move according to Maharana Prataps Command. 3. When the Battle of Haldighati was attic speak, Chetak jumped high to reach up to the Mughal senapati. Q17. With whose help did Rana Pratap form army?Ans. Rana Pratap formed the army with the help of Bhamasa a Jain leader.Q18. What was the wow taken by Rana Pratap?Ans.Rana Pratap had taken the vow that he would not sleep peacefully till he got back chittor.l-51.Write the names of five prouductive states of Jowar in India?Ans. The names of five prouductive states of Jowar in India are Madhya Pradesh ,Gujarat ,Karnataka , Andra Pradesh ,Maharashtra.2.What is corn used as in India?Ans.Corn is used as grain and as food for animals.3. Write the names of five prouductive states of ground nut in India?Ans.The names of five prouductive states of ground nut in India are Gujarat, Andra Pradesh, tamilnadu , Madhya pradesh ,and maharasthra.4. Write the names of five prouductive states of cotton in India?Ans. The names of five prouductive states of cotton in India are Andra Pradesh , Gujarat ,Haryana ,Maharashtra ,and Punjab .5.Write the names of five prouductive states of paddy in India? Ans . The names of five prouductive states of paddy in India are Assam ,Bihar , Gujarat ,Kerala , and Madhya Pradesh.6.Write the names of five-six crops of plantations?Ans. The names of five-six crops of plantations are tea, coffee,fruits, vegetables, coconut plams,etc.7. Write the names of five prouductive states of tea in India ?Ans . The names of five prouductive states of tea in India are Assam ,Kerela , Orissa ,West Bengal and Karnataka .8.On the basis of what are the types of industries classified?Ans. Industries classified into 3 types on the basis of industries number of employees and quantity of production.9.Which mineral is required for Cement industry?Ans.Bauxite and limestone are required for cement industry.10. Wite the names of five prouductive states of iron-steel in India?Ans. The names of five prouductive states of iron-steel in India are Madhya Pradesh, Bihar,Karnataka and Jharkhand chattisgarh .11. What are made from the strings of jute ?Ans. Jute cloth, gunny bags, jute bags etc . are made from the strings of jute.12. Write the names of three productive centres of jute in India?Ans. The names of three productive centres of jute in India are West Bengal, Assam and Bihar.13. What are petrochemicals?Ans. The components separate from minerals oil are called petrochemicals. The different components are separated after its purification to get kerosene, petrol and diesel.14. Write the names of two-three centres of refineries, purifying mineral oil?Ans. The names of two-three centres of refineries, purifying mineral oil are located in the cities like Vadodara, Jamnagar and Mumbai.15. What is called State highway?Ans. State highway connects the state capital with district headquarters and important cities.16.What is called National Highway? Ans. National Highway is the most important highway.It connects one state to another. It connects the main cities, ports, administrative headquarters, etc. There are approximately 50 National highway.17.What is the usefulness of Railway?Ans. The usefulness of railways are 1. Many people can travel together at same time. 2. Goods in bulk quantity can be transported together. 3. Travelling become faster and today instead of coal or diesel, electric engines are used.18.What are the usefulness of airways?Ans. The usefulness of airways are 1. We can reach from one place to another, within a short span of time. 2. Airports are constructed for safe take off and landing of the plane.19.Where is ropeway constructed?Ans. Ropeways are constructed in the mountains region where roads or railways cannot be constructed.20.In which places are the ropeways are constructed in Gujarat?Ans. Ropeways are constructed in Gujarat in Saputara, Ambaji, Girnar and Pavagadh.L-6Q1 Who was the the most powerful among the Mughal rulers .Answer Akbar was the most powerful among the Mughal rulers Q- 2 Whom did Jahangir imprisoned ? Why ?Answer Jahangir imprisoned Prince Khusrau because he revolted Q-3 Whom did Jahangir killed ?Why ?Answer Jahangir klilled Sikh Guru Arjun Singh for helping the revolt of Prince Khushru .Q -4 Name the representative of the king of England who visied India during Jahangir reign ?What was the purpose of the visit ?Answer The representative of the king of England who visied India during Jahangir reign was Sir Hawkins And Sir Thomas Roe .Their purpose of their visit was to seek permission to trade in India .Q- 5 Why did Shah Jahan Continued Akbar s revenue system ?Answer Shah Jahan Continued Akbar s revenue system as he believed that agriculture was the pillar of prosperity .Q- 6 Name the new city formed by Shah Jahan where ?Answer The new city formed by Shah Jahan is known as Shah Jahanabad near old Delhi .Q- 7 Name the architectural monuments constructed during the reign of Shah Jahan ?Answer The architectural monuments constructed during the reign of Shah Jahan were Taj Mahal at Agra , Shish Mahal , Rang Mahal and Moti Masjid , Red Fort , Diwan - e Aam , Diwan e - Khas and Jama Masjid in Delhi . He built Shahibaug in Ahmedabad and the new city of Shahjahanabad in old Delhi.8. With whom did Aurangzeb struggle continuously for 25 years? Ans. Aurangzeb struggle continuously for 25 years against Veer Durgadas in North and The Marathas in the South9. Who founded the Maratha state? Where?Ans: Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj founded the Maratha state in Maharashtra. 10 Which communities in the North revolted against Aurangzeb?Ans. The Jats of Mathura, the Satnamis of Mewar, the Bundelas of Bundelkhand in the North revolted against Aurangzeb.11. Which Indian goods were famous worldwide during the Mughal period?Ans: The shawls of Lahore, the carpets of Kashmir, the mats of Fatehpur Sikri, the cotton clothes of Gujarat and the muslin of Dhaka were famous worldwide during the Mughal period.12 From which ports were the goods imported and exported during the Mughal period?Ans: The goods were imported and exported from Khambhat, Surat, and Bharuch port in Gujarat. As well as ports in Malabar and Bengal during the Mughal period.13. Who was famous as constructer of palaces? Why?Ans. Emperor Shah Jahan was famous as constructer of Palaces because many grand architectural monuments were constructed during his reign.14. Whose Doha and Sakhi were popular during Mughal Period?Ans. Saint poet Kabir and Rahim wrote famous dohas and sakhi during the Mughal period.15. Which Muslim poet composed poetry in hindi language?Ans. Raskhan, a follower of Vaishnav Acharya Vithalnathji composed poems-poetry in Hindi language.16. Which two French travelers visited India during the Mughal Period?Ans. The two French travelers visited India during the Mughal period were Tevernier and Bernier.17. When and where was Shivaji Born?Ans. Shivaji was born at Shiveneri fort in 1630 A.D.18. Which are the Forts conquered by Shivaji?Ans. Shivaji conquered the forts of Raigadh, Torana, Sinhgadh, Purandar etc.19.Write The names of Shivaji parents.Ans. His mother was Jijabai and mentor Dadoji Kondev. His father Shahjiraje Bhonsale.20. Who moulded the character of Shivaji?Ans. He was moulded by his mother and teacher Dadoji Kondev.21. Where and when Shivaji was coronated?Ans. Shivaji was coronated at Raigadh in 1674 A.D.22. What arrangements did Shivaji make for the proper administration of his state?Ans. He formed a council of eight ministers for the proper administration of his state. L-8Q1. Where is the Somnath Temple?A1. The Somnath Temple is in Junagadh district at Prabhas Patan.Q2. Which structures are within the Dwarkish Temple?A2. The structure consists of the idol of Lord Dwarkadhish with four hands, Garbhgruh, A big meeting Hall and Sabhamandap.Q3. Where is the math of Shrimad Shankaracharya? By what name is it known?A3. the math of Shrimad Shankaracharya is close to the Dwarkadhish temple in Dwarka. It is known as Shardapith.Q4. Where in Gujarat is the Sun Temple?A4. The Sun Temple in Gujarat is at Modhera in Mehsana district.Q5. Who Built the Sun Temple at Modhera? When?A5. The sun Temple at Modhera was built by the Solanki King Bhimdev I of Patan in 1026 1027 A.D.Q6. Where in Gujarat is the Rudra Mahalaya?A6. The Rudra Mahalaya is on the banks of River Saraswati of Siddhpur in Gujarat.Q7. What is Palitana? Where is it situated?Ans. Palitana is the holy place of the jains. It is situated on shetrunjay mountain hills, which is 60 km from Bhavnagar.Q8. Where is Siddi Saiyads Jali?A8. Siddi Saiyads Jali is near Lal Darwaza in Ahmedabad. It is a Mosque.Q9. Who built Siddi Saiyads Jali?A9. Siddi Saiyads Jali was built by Siddi Saiyad, a soldier in the army of Shamsuddin Muzaffar shah III.Q10. Which is the Tallest minarate in India? Of how many storeys?A10. Qutub Minar in Delhi is the Tallest minarate in India. It is of Five Storeys.Q11. Which was the first mosque in India? Who built it?A11. Dhai Din ka Zopada was the first mosque in India. It was built by Qutub-ud-din-Aibak.Q12. Which is the tallest Entrance, with a Dome, in India?A12. The Buland Darwaza at Fatehpur Sikri is the tallest entrance, with a Dome in India.Q13. Who built The Red Fort in Delhi?A13. Shah Jahan the Mughal Emperor built the Red Fort in Delhi.Q14. Name the structures within the Red Fort.A14. Diwan-e-aam, Diwan-e-Khas, Moti Masjid and Hayaat Bakhsh Bagh are the important structures within the Red Fort.Q15. In whose memory was Taj Mahal constructed? By whom?Ans. The Taj Mahal was constructed by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in the memory of his beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal.l-101.What is public property?ANS. The property that can be used by everyone is called public property.2. What is private property?ANS. Private property is the property which can be used by people who owned it.3. Which facility do you use?ANS. We use facilities like offices, air, water, public washrooms, parks, railway station, post office, government hospitals, and roads.4. Which facilities can you do away with?ANS. We can do away with public washrooms, mobile phone, motor car, rivers and TV.L-12Q1. Which countries are included in North America Continent?A1. U.S.A, Canada and Mexico of central America and Greenland and Caribbean Islnds are included in North America continent.2) For cultivation of crop which are the plains of Prairies famous?Ans: The plains of Prairies are famous for cultivation of wheat.3) Which is the tallest peak of North America continent?Ans: Mt. McKinley is the tallest peak of North America continent.4) Which animals are found in Alaska region of North America continent?Ans: Animals such as Reindeer, Seal, Walrus, Wolf, White Polar Bear, etc are found in Alaska region of North America continent.5) Name the cyclones and the region of U.S.A. in which they are blown?Ans: Cyclone named Tornados are blown in the Texas region of U.S.A.6) Which minerals are available in North America continent?Ans: Minerals like iron, copper, gold, silver, coal, mineral oil etc are available in plenty in North America.7) Which animals are found in Canada?Ans: Animals like Bear, Jackal, Otter Beaver, Deer and Reindeer are found in plenty in Canada.8) Where is fishery developed in Canada?Ans: Fishery is developed in the continental shelf of New Found Land in Atlantic Ocean in the Eastern part of Canada.9) Which are the main cities of Canada?Ans: The main cities of Canada are Toronto, Ottawa, Montreal, Calgary, Edmonton, Winnipeg, Vancouver, Hamilton, Quebec, etc.10) In the production of which minerals does Canada rank first in the world?Ans: Canada ranks first in the world in the production of Asbestos, Nickel and Platinum.11) Who have contributed a lot in the prosperity of U.S.A.?Ans: Rocky and Appalachian Mountain range, Mississippi and Missouri rivers, Five great lakes, Fertile Prairies plains, enormous agricultural production and basic minerals have contributed a lot in the prosperity of U.S.A.12) Which crops are produced in abundance in U.S.A.?Ans: Cotton, Maize and Wheat are produced in abundance in U.S.A.13) Which minerals have contributed a lot in the industrial development in U.S.A?Ans: Minerals like coal, mineral oil and iron which are available in large quantity in U.S.A have contributed a lot in the industrial development in U.S.A.14) What is the milestone of development of U.S.A.?Ans: Its special types of highways known as super highways are the milestone of development of U.S.A.15) Who were the original inhabitants of U.S.A.?Ans: Red Indians were the original inhabitants of U.S.A.L-12Q1. By what is South America continent connected with the North America Continent?A1. South America continent is connected by the Isthmus of Panama with North America.Q2. How many natural Divisions of South America continent are seen distinctly in the terms of Physiography?A2. 1. Andes mountain range. 2. Central plains. 3. North eastern plateaus 4. Narrow coastal plainsQ3. Which two famous Volcanic Mountains are located in Ecuador?A3. Two famous Volcanic Mountains are located in Ecuador are Chimborazo and CotopaxiQ4. Which main rivers have made alluvial plains in South America?A4. Amazon, Panama, Paraguary and Orinoco Rivers have made alluvial plains in South America.Q5. Which are the main rivers in Amazon basin?A5. The main rivers in Amazon basin are The Negro, Japura, Madeira, Japajos etc.Q6. Which grass is famous of Pampas plains?A6. Alfalfa grass is famous of Pampas plains.Q7. Which Animals are seen in South America Continent?A7. Lima, Alpaca, Vacuna animals of camel family Cow, Sheep, Goat.Q8. Which crops are cultivated in South America Continent?A8. Wheat, Maize, Sugarcane, Coffee, Cocoa, Sunflower, Flex fruits vegetables are cultivated.Q9. In which countries of South America Continent is Coffee Crop grown Considerably?A9. Coffee Crop grown Considerably in the countries of South America Continent Like Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela, Eurador.Q10. Which minerals are mainly found in South America Continent?Q10. Minerals like Iron, Copper, Tin, Silver, Zinc, Coal, and mineral Oil are mainly found in South America Continent.Q11. Where is Anaconda python seen?A11. Anaconda python is seen in the forests of Amazon.Q12. Which crops are mainly grown in Argentina?A12. Wheat and Grapes are mainly grown in Argentina.Q13. Which people mostly live in Argentina?A13. European people mostly live in Argentina.Q14. For which countries in Panama Canal Blessing?A14. Panama Canal is a Blessing for the Countries like Japan and the countries of North America.Q15. Which language is spoken in Argentina?A15. Spanish language is spoken in Argentina.Q16. Which city is the capital of Argentina?A16. Buenos Aires is the capital of Argentina.

Ex-6 Answer in briefly :Lesson-1Q1. Why was the procession of Siddhhem Shabdanushasan carried out on elephant?A1)Great Scholar Hemchandracharya compiled a book on Grammar called Siddhhem Shabdanushasan. This was a great literary work. Hence, to respect it, King Jaisinh and Hemchandracharya placed this book on the elephant and took out the grand procession.Q2)Why did Minaldevi waived off the pilgrim tax?A2)Minaldevi was a benevolent Queen-Mother (Rajmata). She was always willing to work for welfareof the people. The pilgrims who visited the somnath temple were required to pay pilgrim tax. Those unable to pay tax were denied darshan. A number of hermits (sadhus) could not have darshanof Somnath as they were unable to pay pilgrim tax. When Minaldevi learned about this incident, she asked her king Siddhraj to waived off the pilgrim tax at the insistence of Rajmata Minaldevi.Q3)Why was the capital shifted from Anhilwad Patan to Ahmedabad?A3)Karandev, the last king of the Vaghela Dynasty, was defeated in the war with Alauddin Khilji. As a result, the rule of the Rajputs from Anhilwad Patan came to an end. For sometimes Anhilwad Patan remained nominal capital of Gujarat. During the sultanate era, Ahmedabad established the new city Ahmedabad on the banks of river Sabarmati in 1411 A.D. For the security of this kingdom and for convenience of administration, he shifted the capital from Anhilwad Patan to Ahmedabad. Lesson-3Q1.What does the picture of the goddess of justice suggest?A-1 1) The picture of the goddess of justice is blind folded . 2) She has a balance (scale) in her right hand and a sword in her left . 3) It means that the law is not biased towards anyone and everyone in treated equally in the eyes of law. 4) The sword represent punishment . 5) The blind fold symbolizes that justice is given without fear or favour , regardless of identity , money , power or weakness.Q2. Why do we say that the judiciary in India is independent and unbiased?A- 2 1) In our country the judiciary is separated from the executive . 2) The judiciary is thus independent. 3) The judges perform their duties without fear or favour. 4) All the people are treated equally before law. 5) So the Judiciary is said to be unbiased.L-41. ]Why was Maharana Pratap defeated in the Battle of Haldighati?Ans. Maharana Pratap was defeated in the Battle of Haldighati because1. Akbar had well equipped huge army of lacks of soldier.2. They were loaded with modern weapons, canons and wartactics.3. On the other hand, Maharana Pratap had very small army of 20-22 thousands soldiers.4. His soldiers were brave and had an advantage of fighting from hilly regions.5. Also the army was habituated to fight in the hilly regions.

2. ] Why is Maharana Pratap known for his steadfast quality?Ans. Maharana Pratap was steadfast because 1. Even after his defeat in the Battle of Haldighati he did not give up.2. He wandered in the forest, faced many difficulties.3. He again raised his army and fought against the Mughals.4. He recaptured all the forts exept that the Chittor.L-53. ] What is called irrigation farming? Ans. The land where farming is done through irrigation that is wells, canals, lakes, etc. is called as irrigation farming. In India 30% of land irrigation farming is carried out.4. ] What is cottage industry? Give examples?Ans. When people makes things at home in which the investment is very low like incense stick, papad, pickle, furniture, etc. is called cottage industry.5. ] What is small scale industry? Give examples?Ans. The small scale industry consists of a factory, some workers, some machinery and in which investment is more than the cottage industry. In small scale industry toys, T.V., refrigerater, plastic items are made.6. ] What is heavy industry? Give examples?Ans. Heavy industry are those industries in which a big factory, big machinery, and a large numbers of workers work. It requires a heavy investment so it is called heavy industry. It includes Iron and steel, motor cars, cement etc.7. ] State the importance of irrigation in India?Ans. 1. Monsoon in India is irregular and uncertain. 2. Most of the states experience scanty rainfall for short period of time. 3. Due to uncertain rainfall more than one crop is rarely grown on an entire portion of land. So to increase the agricultural production irrigation is necessary.L-91. What is the food of the people of Western India?Ans. 1) The staple diet of the people of Western India includes cereals, pulses, vegetables, butter, ghee, buttermilk, milk, etc. 2) People living in the coastal areas consume eggs, fish, etc.2. Which type of dress do the people of Western India wear?Ans. 1) In Gujarat men wear dhoti and jabbo, trousers and a kedia. Women wear sari, petticoat and a blouse. 2) In Rajasthan men wear dhoti and Angarkhu. Women wear colourful ghaghras and a long waist length blouses. 3) In Maharashtra men wear dhoti, paherand a cap on their head and women wear nine yard divided sari {Nauvari}.3. Which type of houses are there in Western India?Ans. 1) Houses are made up of bricks, stone, and cement. 2) Tribals of the forest and hilly areas live in huts made up of bamboo and teak branches 3) In villages the houses are made up of sand, bricks and cement.4. State the festivals and fairs of Western India?Ans. Different festivals are celebrated in Western India. The Ras Garba of Gujarat are very popular all over the world, the folk songs and dances of Rajasthan are different especially the Gummar. The Lavni dance of Maharashtra is also famous. The fairs of Tarnetar, Bhavnath, Shamlaji, Dang, Darbar are well known. Festivals like Diwali, Ganesh Chaturthi, Eid, Christmas, etc. are celebrated.5. What is the food of the people of North India? Ans. The staple food of the people of Northern India is wheat based. They also consume pulses, vegetables, fruits, clarified butter, milk and buttermilk. Lassi {Sweetened Buttermilk} of Punjab is a delight to ht taste buds.6. Which type of houses are there in Northern India? Ans. Most of the houses North India have terraces and are made of bricks, wood, stones and mud. The Dal lake in Jammu and Kashmir is well known for its famed house boats, known as Shikaras.7. Which languages are spoken in Northern India?Ans. Hindi is widely spoken in North India. But besides Hindi, Punjabi, Sindhi and Kashmiri languages are also spoken. Local dialects such as Bhojpuri, Bihari are spoken in Uttar Pradesh.8. State the festivals and fairs in Northern India? Ans. Festivals of Northern India are celebrated with fervor. The Baishaki festival of Punjab , Bhangada the folk dance of Punjab , and the folk songs of Kashmir, devotional songs of Uttar Pradesh and Punjab are well known.9. What is the food of the people of South India?Ans. Rice is the staple diet, with fish being an integral component of coastal South India. Idli , Dosa , Sambhar, Vada are some of the famous food items.10. What type of dresses do the people of South India wear? Ans. South Indian women traditionally wear sari and adorn their hair with sweet smelling garlands of flowers. The men wear either a white dhoti or a colourful Lungi . The fishermen wear clothes to suit their occupation. 11. Which type of houses are there in South India?A-11 The houses are made of bricks, wood, bamboo, stones and mud. They have sloping roofs as it rains heavily in these areas. People residing near the coastal areas live in huts. House boats are seen in the backwaters of Kerala too.12. Stae the festivals and fairs of South India? A-12 The festivals of south India make them popular all over the globe. Onam, Pongal, Boat, Races, Dusshera and Diwali are celebrated with great enthusiasm. 13. What are the economical activities of the people of South India?A-13 Farming and fishing are the major occupations of the people there. Paddy is the main crops of the region.People seek their livelihood through industries in the urban areas too.14. Which languages are spoken in South India?Ans. English and regional languages like Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam and Kannada are widely spoken15. What is the food of the people of Western India? Ans. The food of the people is rice and fish, but besides that people also consume pulses and vegetables. Rasgulla, the famous, cheese based, syrupy, dessert of West Bengal is popular all over the world.16. Which type of dress do the people of Eastern India wear?Ans. People prefer to wear cotton, ankle length clothes as the region faces a tropical monsoon climate, men wear the dhoti, kurta while women drape, their sari in a traditional pattern.17. Which type of houses are there in Eastern India?Ans. Most type of the houses of Eastern India are made of bamboo and wood but some are also made of brick and cement .Tribals in forest areas live in huts spread over the forest area. The houses have sloping roofs due to excessive rains. The backyards of most houses have small ponds known as Pukur in which Pisciculture (Fish breeding/ culture) is practiced.18. Which languages are spoken in Eastern India?Ans. Assamese, Bengali and Oriya are commonly spoken by the people of Eastern India. Hindi and English are also spoken marginally. 19. Which are the specialities of Kashmir?Ans. 1) Jammu and Kashmir is famous for its natural beauty since time immemorial.2) It has been aptly described as heaven on Earth.3) Costumes of Jammu and Kashmir are well known for their embroidery and intricate designs .4) It is known as the paradise on Earth for its amazing landscape and scene scenic beauty.5) The area is among the world most beautiful places with beautiful snow covered mountains , green valley and natural lakes .6) It is bestowed with breathtaking natural beauty that can mesmerize anyone. 7) Some of the items of industry are paper Mache, wood carving, carpets, shawls, making embroidery, etc. 8) Saffron is predominately cultivated here.21. Why is India called The Land of Diversities?Ans. 1) India being a multi-cultural and multi religious society, celebrates holidays and festivals of various religious. 2) However , with the passage of time , many transformations can be seen in the Indian way of life exchanges are visible in diet, apparel, lifestyle, etc.3) Globalization has brought about many changes in the social life of the people.4) India language religious, dance, music, architecture, food and customs differ from place to place within the country.5) The Indian culture often labeled as an amalgamation of several cultures, spans across the Indian subcontinent and has been influence by a history that is several million old. 6) Diversity is seen in castes, colour, creed, languages, culture, traditional, rituals, customs, thinking and beliefs right from Northern states to its southern most counterpart and from western to North Eastern states.7) The political, social, economic sensor is completely different from one another.

Ex-7 ShortnotesLesson-1Hemchandracharya -- Hemchandracharya was a scholar in the court of the Solanki King Siddhraj Jaysingh. At the request of Siddhraj he wrote the famous treatise on grammar named Siddhhem Shabdanushasan . This book is regarded as a great contribution of the Solanki period . Hemchandracharya had knowledge in many subjects was famous as Kalikal Sarvagnya .Somnath Temple: Somnath Temple is situated at Prabhas Patan near Veraval in Junagadh District. It is one of the most ancient, prosperous and important pilgrimage centres of Shaivism. It is one of the twelve jyotirlinga shrines of Lord Shiva. The construction of the new temple was completed in 1951 A.D.Sun Temple: 1. The world famous Sun Temple of Modhera is in the Mehsana District of Gujarat. 2. It is located on Tropic of Cancer. 3. It resemblance with the Sun Temple at Konark. 4. This temple was constructed in 1026 1027 during the time of Bhimdev I of Patan. 5. It is famous for the carving and architecture. 6. The terrace of the temple is supported by eight pillars. 7. The temple is constructed in such a manner that the Sun rays illuminates the entire interior of the temple during the month of autumn and spring. 8. There is rectangular water pond in the centre of the campus near the Entrance.BulandDarwaza, FatehpurSikri: It is the tallest Dome shaped in India. The mughal emperor Akbar set up a new capital near Agra on the mountains of Sikri.The darwaza rises to a height of 55 metres and is topped by pillars and Chhatris.It is one of the most Famous Islamic structure in Fatehpur Sikri. It was built by Akbar as a victory to commemorate his successful Gujarat campaign.Taj Mahal: The Mughal emperor Shah Jahan built The Taj Mahal on the banks of River Yamuna in Agra, in memory of his wife Mumtaz. It is the grand structuring with white marbles with beautiful Latic work and fine carving. It is regarded as the finest example of Mughal architecture. It is the one of the Seven Wonders of the World.Rudra Mahalaya: Rudra Mahalaya is a historical monument situated on the banks of river Saraswati in Siddhpur in Patan, district of the north Gujarat. It was constructed by Mulraj Solanki and then completed by Siddhraj Jaysinh. Today it is in ruinous condition. However, It was in its time a grand temple, with magnificent architecture.Shivaji: Shivaji was born in 1630 A.D. at Shivneri fort in Maharashtra. Shanjiraje Bhonsle was his father and Jijabai was his mother. He was moulded by his mother and teacher Dadoji Kondev. At the age of 16 he laid the foundation of his Swarajaya by capturing the Toran fort. He captured Chakan, Purander, Singhgadh and many other forts. Shivaji was coronated at Rajgadh in 1674 A.D. and got the title of Chhatrapati. His kingdom was established in Maharashtra. He formed a council of eight ministers for the proper administration of his state.