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    TRILATERAL FORUM TOKYO 2013

    UNLOCKING THE POTENTIAL OF

    THE U.S.-JAPAN-EUROPE RELATIONSHIP

    SHARON STIRLING-WOOLSEY

    DANIEL M. KLIMAN

    BRUCE STOKES

    TSUNEO WATANABE

    BHAVYA LAL

    STEPHANIE SHIPP

    BONJI OHARA

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    2013 Te German Marshall Fund o the United States. All rights reserved.

    No part o this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any orm or by any means without permission in writing

    rom the German Marshall Fund o the United States (GMF). Please direct inquiries to:

    Te German Marshall Fund o the United States

    1744 R Street, NW

    Washington, DC 20009

    1 202 683 2650

    F 1 202 265 1662

    E [email protected]

    Tis publication can be downloaded or ree at www.gmus.org/publications.

    Trilateral Forum Tokyo

    rilateral Forum okyo was established in 2012 with the purpose o bringing together ocials, policy intellectuals, journal-

    ists, and business leaders rom Japan, Europe, and the United States or systematic dialogue on topics o mutual interest. Te

    Forum is jointly organized by the German Marshall Fund o the United States and the okyo Foundation with the nancial

    support o the Japan Foundation Center or Global Partnership. opics o discussion have included democracy and the

    international order, regional security challenges, non-prolieration, trade diplomacy, innovation, reviving global growth,

    disaster relie, development cooperation, new energy resources, the eurozone crisis, and political changes and economicopportunities in Burma. Te Forum takes place on an annual basis in okyo.

    About GMF

    Te German Marshall Fund o the United States (GMF) strengthens transatlantic cooperation on regional, national, and

    global challenges and opportunities in the spirit o the Marshall Plan. GMF does this by supporting individuals and institu-

    tions working in the transatlantic sphere, by convening leaders and members o the policy and business communities,

    by contributing research and analysis on transatlantic topics, and by providing exchange opportunities to oster renewed

    commitment to the transatlantic relationship. In addition, GMF supports a number o initiatives to strengthen democra-

    cies. Founded in 1972 as a non-partisan, non-prot organization through a gi rom Germany as a permanent memorial to

    Marshall Plan assistance, GMF maintains a strong presence on both sides o the Atlantic. In addition to its headquarters in

    Washington, DC, GMF has oces in Berlin, Paris, Brussels, Belgrade, Ankara, Bucharest, Warsaw, and unis. GMF also has

    smaller representations in Bratislava, urin, and Stockholm.

    About The Tokyo Foundation

    Te okyo Foundation is an independent, not-or-prot think tank that presents concrete policy proposals based on a lucidanalysis o the issues combined with a solid grasp o everyday lie and the reality on the ground. We also cultivate socially

    engaged uture leaders with a broad perspective and deep insight, both in Japan and overseas. We ervently hope that our

    unique combination o policy research and human resource development will change society or the better.

    GMFs Asia Program

    Te German Marshall Funds Asia Program addresses the economic, oreign policy, and security implications o Asias rise

    or the United States and Europe through research, publications, commentary, conerences, ellowships, study tours, and

    collaborations with other GMF programs. Te Programs initiatives include the Stockholm China Forum, India rilateral

    Forum, the Global Swing States Project, the Young Strategists Forum, rilateral Forum okyo, ransatlantic Workshop on

    Pakistan, and high-level conversations at GMFs major conerences. Te program also publishes independent analysis by

    more than 15 in-house experts on Asia and externally commissioned papers looking at American and European approaches

    to the Asia-Pacic and on deepening cooperation between democratic Asia and the West.

    Cover photos: okyo ower bbossom; U.S. Capitol yanz7; European Union fags waving next to the Council o the Euro-

    pean Union Building, Brussels Phototreat

    http://www.gmfus.org/publicationshttp://www.gmfus.org/http://www.tokyofoundation.org/en/http://www.tokyofoundation.org/en/http://www.gmfus.org/http://www.gmfus.org/publications
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    Unlocking the Potential ofthe U.S.-Japan-Europe Relationship

    Trilateral Forum Tokyo

    October 2013

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    Unlocking the Potential of the U.S.-Japan-Europe Relationship 1

    A mismatch has

    developed between

    potential benefits o

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    1Introduction

    Sharon Stirling-Woolsey and Daniel M. Kliman

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    Trilateral Forum Tokyo2

    Trilateral Forum

    Tokyo brings together

    policymakers,

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    Unlocking the Potential of the U.S.-Japan-Europe Relationship 3

    Unlocking the pote

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    Unlocking the Potential of the U.S.-Japan-Europe Relationship 5

    While these negotia

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    Trilateral Forum Tokyo6

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    Unlocking the Potential of the U.S.-Japan-Europe Relationship 7

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    Trilateral Forum Tokyo8

    Europe, Japan, and the

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    is and is not beingnegotiated.

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    Unlocking the Potential of the U.S.-Japan-Europe Relationship 9

    Myanmar is definite

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    3Why Myanmar Matters: Ensuring the Future of

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    Trilateral Forum Tokyo10

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    Unlocking the Potential of the U.S.-Japan-Europe Relationship 11

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    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rohingya_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rohingya_people
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    Unlocking the Potential of the U.S.-Japan-Europe Relationship 13

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    Unlocking the Potential of the U.S.-Japan-Europe Relationship 15

    4National Innovation Systems:

    Invention to Innovation

    Bhavya Lal and Stephanie Shipp

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    https://www.ida.org/upload/stpi/pdfs/ida-d-3704.pdfhttps://www.ida.org/upload/stpi/pdfs/ida-d-3704.pdf
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    http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/05/09/obama-administration-launches-competition-three-new-manufacturing-innovahttp://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/05/09/obama-administration-launches-competition-three-new-manufacturing-innovahttp://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/05/09/obama-administration-launches-competition-three-new-manufacturing-innovahttp://manufacturing.gov/docs/NNMI_prelim_design.pdfhttp://manufacturing.gov/docs/NNMI_prelim_design.pdfhttp://manufacturing.gov/docs/NNMI_prelim_design.pdfhttp://manufacturing.gov/docs/NNMI_prelim_design.pdfhttp://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/05/09/obama-administration-launches-competition-three-new-manufacturing-innovahttp://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/05/09/obama-administration-launches-competition-three-new-manufacturing-innovahttp://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/05/09/obama-administration-launches-competition-three-new-manufacturing-innova
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    Figure 1: The Three Core Components of

    a National Innovation System

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    http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL33359.pdfhttp://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL33359.pdfhttp://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/us/vast-oil-reserve-may-now-be-within-reach-and-battle-heats-up.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/us/vast-oil-reserve-may-now-be-within-reach-and-battle-heats-up.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/us/vast-oil-reserve-may-now-be-within-reach-and-battle-heats-up.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0http://www.bmbf.de/pub/bufi_2012_en_abstract.pdfhttp://www.bmbf.de/pub/bufi_2012_en_abstract.pdfhttps://www.econstor.eu/dspace/bitstream/10419/74674/1/741336871.pdfhttps://www.econstor.eu/dspace/bitstream/10419/74674/1/741336871.pdfhttp://www.bmbf.de/pub/hts_2020_en.pdfhttp://www.bmbf.de/pub/hts_2020_en.pdfhttp://www.bmbf.de/pub/hts_2020_en.pdfhttp://www.bmbf.de/pub/hts_2020_en.pdfhttps://www.econstor.eu/dspace/bitstream/10419/74674/1/741336871.pdfhttps://www.econstor.eu/dspace/bitstream/10419/74674/1/741336871.pdfhttp://www.bmbf.de/pub/bufi_2012_en_abstract.pdfhttp://www.bmbf.de/pub/bufi_2012_en_abstract.pdfhttp://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/us/vast-oil-reserve-may-now-be-within-reach-and-battle-heats-up.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/us/vast-oil-reserve-may-now-be-within-reach-and-battle-heats-up.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/us/vast-oil-reserve-may-now-be-within-reach-and-battle-heats-up.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL33359.pdfhttp://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL33359.pdf
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    Unlocking the Potential of the U.S.-Japan-Europe Relationship 19

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    http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/TableViewer/tableView.aspx?ReportId=171http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/TableViewer/tableView.aspx?ReportId=171http://www.controldesign.com/industrynews/2013/us-lead-in-additive-manufacturing-base-narrows.htmlhttp://www.controldesign.com/industrynews/2013/us-lead-in-additive-manufacturing-base-narrows.htmlhttp://www.controldesign.com/industrynews/2013/us-lead-in-additive-manufacturing-base-narrows.htmlhttps://www.ida.org/upload/stpi/pdfs/p-4603_final2a.pdfhttps://www.ida.org/upload/stpi/pdfs/p-4603_final2a.pdfhttps://www.ida.org/upload/stpi/pdfs/p-4603_final2a.pdfhttps://www.ida.org/upload/stpi/pdfs/p-4603_final2a.pdfhttps://www.ida.org/upload/stpi/pdfs/p-4603_final2a.pdfhttps://www.ida.org/upload/stpi/pdfs/p-4603_final2a.pdfhttp://www.controldesign.com/industrynews/2013/us-lead-in-additive-manufacturing-base-narrows.htmlhttp://www.controldesign.com/industrynews/2013/us-lead-in-additive-manufacturing-base-narrows.htmlhttp://www.controldesign.com/industrynews/2013/us-lead-in-additive-manufacturing-base-narrows.htmlhttp://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/TableViewer/tableView.aspx?ReportId=171http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/TableViewer/tableView.aspx?ReportId=171
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    Unlocking the Potential of the U.S.-Japan-Europe Relationship 21

    5China and the Future of the International

    Order

    Bonji Ohara

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    Trilateral Forum Tokyo22

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    http://ejje.weblio.jp/content/nuclear%E2%80%90powered+ballistic+missile+submarinehttp://ejje.weblio.jp/content/nuclear%E2%80%90powered+ballistic+missile+submarinehttp://ejje.weblio.jp/content/nuclear%E2%80%90powered+ballistic+missile+submarinehttp://ejje.weblio.jp/content/nuclear%E2%80%90powered+ballistic+missile+submarine
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    Unlocking the Potential of the U.S.-Japan-Europe Relationship 23

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    O F F I C E S

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