university of south alabama · 2017. 2. 27. · introducing… the foraminifera pelagic . benthic ....

23
GY 112L: Earth History Lab Week 6: Biostratigraphy Instructor: Dr. Douglas W. Haywick UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA

Upload: others

Post on 27-Feb-2021

2 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

GY 112L: Earth History Lab

Week 6: Biostratigraphy

Instructor: Dr. Douglas W. Haywick

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA

Page 2: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

Today’s Agenda

1) Foraminifera 2) Biostratigraphy

Page 3: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

Biostratigraphy

Low

er P

lioce

ne

Upp

er M

ioce

ne

Mid

-Mio

cene

10 MA

5 MA

7.5 MA

5 m

illio

n ye

ars

Page 4: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

How to use fossils to tell time Consider trilobites, which lived during the Paleozoic era

Source: http://www.ideofact.com/archives/trilobite.jpg

Middle Silurian

Early

Silurian

Late Ordovician

Late

Silurian

Page 5: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

How to use fossils to tell time

Source: http://www.ideofact.com/archives/trilobite.jpg

Species A

Species A (Late Ordovician to Earliest Silurian)

Middle Silurian

Early

Silurian

Late Ordovician

Late

Silurian

Page 6: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

How to use fossils to tell time

Source: http://www.ideofact.com/archives/trilobite.jpg

Species A

Species B

Species B (Early Silurian to Middle Silurian)

Middle Silurian

Early

Silurian

Late Ordovician

Late

Silurian

Page 7: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

How to use fossils to tell time

Source: http://www.ideofact.com/archives/trilobite.jpg

Species A

Species B

Species B (Early Silurian to Middle Silurian; a good index fossil if it’s cosmopolitan)

Species B LAD

Species B Biozone

Species B FAD

Middle Silurian

Early

Silurian

Late Ordovician

Late

Silurian

Page 8: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

How to use fossils to tell time

Source: http://www.ideofact.com/archives/trilobite.jpg

Species A

Species B

Species C

Species C (Early Silurian to Late Silurian)

Middle Silurian

Early

Silurian

Late Ordovician

Late

Silurian

Page 9: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

How to use fossils to tell time

Source: http://www.ideofact.com/archives/trilobite.jpg

Species A

Species B

Species C Middle Silurian

Early

Silurian

Late Ordovician

Late

Silurian

The age of the interval shown in blue can be relatively well constrained. It is the only time all 3 beasties were alive at the same time – sometime during the Early Silurian

Page 10: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

Fossils & Biostratigraphy

Introducing… the foraminifera

Pelagic Benthic

0.25 mm

Page 11: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

Fossils & Biostratigraphy

One group of foraminifera from one small interval of the Tertiary Period

Page 12: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

Fossils & Biostratigraphy

This week’s lab

Page 13: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

Fossils & Biostratigraphy

This week’s lab

Page 14: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

Fossils & Biostratigraphy

This week’s lab

Page 15: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

Fossils & Biostratigraphy

This week’s lab

Page 16: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

Fossils & Biostratigraphy

This week’s lab

Page 17: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

Fossils & Biostratigraphy

This week’s lab

Page 18: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

Fossils & Biostratigraphy

Page 19: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval
Page 20: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval
Page 21: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

L Eocene

Page 22: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

Today’s Lab 1) Look at forams with a microscope.

2) Lot’s knit-picky work

Next Time Lab 7: Paleozoic Part 1 (last lab before exam 2)

Page 23: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · 2017. 2. 27. · Introducing… the foraminifera Pelagic . Benthic . 0.25 mm . Fossils & Biostratigraphy One group of foraminifera from one small interval

GY 112/112L: Earth History

Lecture 13: Fossils Preservation

Instructor: Dr. Doug Haywick [email protected]

This is a free open access lecture, but not for commercial purposes. For personal use only.