Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 1/30

Research at Parma Universityin Optical Communications

and NetworksAlberto Bononi

Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 181A, 43100 Parma, Italy

e-mail: bononi@tlc.unipr.it

Gain Dynamics in Optical Amplifiers WDM Long-Haul Design

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 2/30

Gain Dynamics

in

Optical Amplifiers

( Collaboration with Laval University, Québec, Canada )

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 3/30

Scenario

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 4/30

Saturation-induced Gain Dynamics

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 5/30

Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers

r = number of excited ions in EDFAr = number of excited ions in EDFAx = r/rx = r/rmax max average inversion average inversion

xx

Y. Sun et al. JSAQE Aug 97

A. Bononi et al. JLT May 98GainGain

N

k

ArBink

kkeQr

r0

)1(

= fluorescence time (10 ms)= fluorescence time (10 ms)Q = signal and pump fluxes [photons/sec] Q = signal and pump fluxes [photons/sec]

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 6/30

S. Novak et al. JLT June 02

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 7/30

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 8/30

xx

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 9/30

Gain Clamping

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 10/30

Gain Clamping

A. Bononi et al. JLT July 99

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 11/30

M. Karasek et al. JLT March 00

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 12/30

M. Karasek et al. JLT March 00

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 13/30

A. Bononi et al. OFC 02

dp

2

Pump

attenuation

Walk-off

Pump depletion %

Raman Amplifiers

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 14/30

Raman Amplifiers

A. Bononi et al. OFC 03

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 15/30

A. Bononi et al. OFT 04 (91-123)

Ultra-wide bandwidth Raman

10 pumps, 80 WDM channels ON/OFF modulated

Dynamic error < 0.3 dB

Computation time on a laptop: model: 2 min; exact: 2 hours!

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 16/30

Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers

G. P. Agrawal et al. JQE Nov 89

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 17/30

Gain Clamping

Soulage et al., Alcatel, 1994Soulage et al., Alcatel, 1994

Francis et al., Genoa, 2001Francis et al., Genoa, 2001

GC-SOA

LOA

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 18/30

2003 MIUR Project Wonder

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 19/30

WDM

Long-Haul

Design( Collaboration with Alcatel, Marcoussis, France )

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 20/30

Scenario

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 21/30

DM long-haul Terrestrial Link

N

OF EF

RX

Bo Be

zA

AD

DispersionMap

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 22/30

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 23/30

Im[E]

Re[E]

Im[E]

Re[E]

P(t)

t

P(t)

tP

OOK-NRZ Signal

0 1 0

1 0 1 1 0

Nonlinear

phase

1

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 24/30

Im[E]

Re[E]

In-phaseASE

quadratureASE

Rx Field

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 25/30

ASE Spectrum

P(t)

t

N0

PS

D [

dB

]

frequency f

Si(f)

Sr(f)

-4

0

4

8

frequency f

No

rmal

ized

PS

D [

dB

]

Sr(f)

Si(f)Parametric

Gain

P

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 26/30

Linear PG Model

Red : quadrature ASE

No pre-, post-comp.

Blue: in-phase ASE

»

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 27/30

Im [E]

Re [E]

DecisionThreshold(in optical

domain)

Impact on BER

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 28/30

Failure of Linear PG Model

At large end-line OSNR (25 dB/0.1 nm) good match between linear PG model (dashed) and Monte-Carlo simulations based on the beam propagation method (BPM) (solid, ~30 min simulation time per frame )

What happens at smaller OSNRs?

avg =0.55 rad/D=8 ps/nm/km

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 29/30

10 Gb/s single-channel NRZ system, 20100 km, D=8 ps/nm/km, Din=0.

Noiseless optimized Dpre, Dpost

Standard analysis

true value

Nonlinear phase [rad/]0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

end-line OSNR=11 dB/0.1nm

10

12

1

8Q F

acto

r

[dB

]

6

14

0 Q factor [dB]

log

(BE

R)

with FEC

Uncoded

CG

Consequences on systems with FEC

Pisa, Nov. 29, 2005

Università di Parma

A. Bononi, 2nd Korea-Italy S&T Forum 30/30

Conclusion

I provided a few samples of our recent research collaborations

on the design of the physical layer of optical networks.

More information can be found on our web site:

www.tlc.unipr.it