universal gravitation physics. warm-ups wwhat is newtonian synthesis? ssame laws of physics that...
DESCRIPTION
Warm-ups A physics student has a mass of 70 kg and is separated from Earth by a distance of 6.60 x 10 6 m. What is the force of gravity between the physics student and Earth, if the mass of the Earth is 5.98 x kg? 686 NTRANSCRIPT
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Universal Gravitation
Physics
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Warm-UpsWhat is Newtonian
Synthesis?Same laws of physics
that apply to Earth, also apply to the heavens
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Warm-ups
A physics student has a mass of 70 kg and is separated from Earth by a distance of 6.60 x 106 m. What is the force of gravity between the physics student and Earth, if the mass of the Earth is 5.98 x 1024 kg?
686 N
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Warm-Ups
Suppose that two objects attract each other with a gravitational force of 16 units. If the mass of both objects was doubled, and if the distance between the objects was doubled, then what would be the new force of attraction between the two objects?
It would not change
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Warm-ups
If the mass of the moon is 7.34 x 1022 kg, the radius is 1.74 x 106 m, and G = 6.67 x 10-11 Nm2/kg2, what is g on the moon?
1.62 m/s2
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Speed of an Object in Circular Orbit
V = √ Gm/r V : speed of object in orbit G : 6.67 x 10-11 Nm2/kg2
m : mass that the object is orbiting r : distance between two objects
(orbiting object and mass that it is orbiting)
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Example Problem
If the mass of the sun is 2 x 1030 kg and the distance between mars and the sun is 2.28 x 1011 m, what is the orbiting speed of mars around the sun?
2.42 x 104 m/s
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Period of Orbiting Object
T = 2*pi*r √r/Gmr : distance between 2
objectsG : 6.67 x 10-11 Nm2/kg2
m : mass that object is orbiting
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Example Problem
For the previous example problem, find the orbiting period of mars around the sun.
5.9 x 107 s
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Satellite Warm-UPThe mass of the Earth is
6 x 1024 kg and the radius of the Earth is 6.4 x 106 m. What is the value of g 1000 km above Earth?
7.31 m/s2
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Weightlessness
Why do astronauts orbiting in space feel weightless?
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Weightlessness
Astronaut and spaceship are free falling at the same rate of acceleration (g) and the normal force on the astronaut is 0
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WeightlessnessHow does a spaceship stay
in orbit if it is free falling?Given a fast enough initial
velocity and misses the Earth because it is curved
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Einstein’s Theory of Gravity
Gravity is not a force, but an effect of space itself
A mass causes space to be curved, an other masses are accelerated because of the way they follow this curved space
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Einstein’s Theory of Gravity
Called General Theory of Relativity
During an eclipse, light was deflected by the sun, which provided evidence for this theory
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Moon of Saturn Problem
Mimas, a moon of Saturn, has an orbital radius of 1.87 x 108 m and an orbital period of 23 hours (convert). Find the mass of Saturn.
5.65 x 1026
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Gravitational Field StrengthGravitational force per
unit mass on an objectg = Fg/mUnits: Newton/kg
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Gravitational Field Strength
Lines of forcedirectedinward
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Gravitational Field Strength
The gravitational field strength is 7.83 N/kg at the altitude of the space shuttle. (a) How much does an 80 kg astronaut weigh on the shuttle? (b) How much did the astronaut weigh on earth? (1 N = .22 lbs.)
a) 137.8 lbb) 172.5 lb
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Review for Quiz
Work in groups to finish back of review handout , pg. 188 (#6,7), and pg. 196 (#52)
Have me check off your paper when your group is done