united states district court for the northern...

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF GEORGIA

ATLANTA DIVISION

SPRINT NEXTEL CORPORATION and SPRINT COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY, L.P.,

Plaintiffs, v.

ACE WHOLESALE, INC., JASON FLOAREA, ERIC MANDREGER, DOMINICK LANORE, TONY ARCHIE, JOSE GENEL, BARNEY GUNN, COPATRADE, INC., and MOSHE ALEZRA

Defendants. ______________________________________

§§§§§ CASE NO.: ____________ §§ JURY TRIAL DEMANDED§§§§§§§

COMPLAINT FOR DAMAGES AND INJUNCTIVE RELIEF

Plaintiffs, Sprint Nextel Corporation and Sprint Communications Company,

L.P. (collectively “Sprint” or “Plaintiffs”), hereby file this Complaint for Damages

and Injunctive Relief and sue Defendants, Ace Wholesale, Inc., Jason Floarea, Eric

Mandreger, Dominick LaNore, Tony Archie, Jose Genel, Barney Gunn,

CopaTrade, Inc., and Moshe Alezra (collectively, “Defendants”), and state as

follows:

Case 1:12-cv-02902-JEC Document 1 Filed 08/21/12 of 54

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INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND

1. This is an action for damages and injunctive relief arising out of

Defendants’ participation in a conspiracy to willfully infringe Sprint’s rights

related to its specially-manufactured wireless telephones designed for use on

Sprint’s wireless service, including specifically, but not limited to, the iPhone 4

and iPhone 4S (collectively, “Sprint Phones” or “Phones”).

2. As set forth in greater detail below, Defendants are engaged in, and

knowingly facilitate and encourage others to engage in, unlawful business practices

involving the unauthorized and deceptive bulk purchase and resale overseas of

Sprint Phones, theft of Sprint’s subsidy investment in the Phones, unlawful access

of Sprint’s protected computer systems and wireless network, trafficking of

Sprint’s protected and confidential computer passwords, and willfully infringing

Sprint’s trademarks (collectively, the “Bulk Handset Trafficking Scheme” or the

“Scheme”).

3. Defendants perpetrate their Bulk Handset Trafficking Scheme by

acquiring large quantities of Sprint Phones from Sprint and/or Sprint authorized

dealers, and by soliciting others to purchase Sprint Phones in large quantities for

the benefit of Defendants. Defendants acquire the Sprint Phones with the

knowledge and intent that the Phones will not be used on the Sprint wireless


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network (as required by the Sprint contracts). Instead, the Phones are trafficked

and the vast majority are ultimately resold as new overseas where the Phones are

not subsidized by wireless carriers (as they are in the United States) and where the

Phones are not as readily available.

4. Defendants acquire the Sprint Phones with the knowledge and intent

that the Phones will be computer-hacked by Defendants and their co-conspirators.

The purpose of this hacking, known as “unlocking,” is to disable software installed

in the Phones by the manufacturers at the request and expense of Sprint, which

enables the activation of the Sprint Phones exclusively on Sprint’s wireless system.

The purpose of the software is to allow Sprint to offer the Phones at a discount to

the consumer while protecting Sprint’s subsidy investment in the Phones. The

illegally unlocked Phones are trafficked and resold as new by Defendants, at a

premium, under the Sprint trademarks – in violation of federal trademark laws

under 15 U.S.C. § 1125.

5. In addition to violating the terms of Sprint’s contracts and constituting

various torts, Defendants’ Bulk Handset Trafficking Scheme is a classic example

of unfair competition under Georgia law because the scheme is predicated on the

unauthorized exploitation of Sprint’s subsidy investment in its Phones and the

Sprint trademark and goodwill. By reselling the Phones in foreign countries where


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wireless providers do not subsidize mobile phones, Defendants are able to sell the

Phones at below-market prices (which are substantially higher than in the United

States) and keep the Sprint subsidy for themselves. Defendants exploit Sprint’s

subsidy investment in the Phones without incurring any of the costs themselves,

thereby unjustly enriching themselves at Sprint’s expense.

6. The Bulk Handset Trafficking Scheme also violates several provisions

of the federal Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, 18 U.S.C. § 1030. Defendants and

their co-conspirators make misrepresentations in order to induce Sprint to activate

Phones purchased by the Defendants on Sprint’s wireless telecommunications

network, thereby providing Defendants unauthorized access to Sprint’s protected

computer networks. And, by bulk purchasing and selling Sprint Phones,

Defendants are illegally: (a) trafficking in the confidential codes contained in the

Phones that allow access to Sprint’s protected computer networks, and (b)

facilitating the improper access of Sprint’s telecommunications network.

7. In an effort to prevent the Bulk Handset Trafficking Scheme, among

other things, Sprint and its authorized dealers have implemented policies limiting

the number of Sprint Phones an individual may purchase on a daily basis.

Defendants and their co-conspirators, through their Bulk Handset Trafficking

Scheme, have taken steps to circumvent these policies by, among other things,


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employing large numbers of “Runners” to make multiple purchases of Sprint

Phones on behalf of Defendants.

8. Defendants’ conduct, together with that of currently unknown civil

and criminal co-conspirators, is causing Sprint to suffer millions of dollars in

losses and is causing immediate and irreparable injury to Sprint.

9. All conditions precedent to filing this action have been performed,

waived or excused.

10. Sprint has retained the undersigned attorneys to represent it in this

action and has agreed to pay its attorneys a reasonable fee for their services.

PARTIES, JURISDICTION, AND VENUE

11. This is an action for damages in excess of $75,000.00, exclusive of

interest, costs, and attorneys’ fees.

12. Sprint Nextel Corporation is a Kansas corporation, with its principal

place of business in Overland Park, Kansas.

13. Sprint Communications Company, L.P. is a Delaware limited

partnership, with its principal place of business in Overland Park, Kansas.

14. Defendant Ace Wholesale, Inc. is a Michigan corporation with its

principal place of business in Troy, Michigan.


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15. Defendant Jason Floarea is an individual residing in Michigan, is the

principal of Ace Wholesale, Inc., and facilitated the conduct of Ace Wholesale,

Inc. described herein.

16. Defendant Eric Mandreger is an individual residing in Michigan, is

the sales manager for Ace Wholesale, Inc.’s operation in Taylor, Michigan, and

facilitated certain conduct of Ace Wholesale, Inc. described herein.

17. Defendant Dominick LaNore is an individual residing in Michigan, is

the office manager for Ace Wholesale, Inc.’s operation in Taylor, Michigan, and


18. Defendant Tony Archie is an individual residing in Georgia, is the

office manager for Ace Wholesale, Inc.’s operation in Atlanta, Georgia, and


19. Defendant Jose Genel is an individual residing in Illinois, is the office

manager for Ace Wholesale, Inc.’s operation in Chicago, Illinois, and facilitated

certain conduct of Ace Wholesale, Inc. described herein.

20. Defendant Barney (“Spook”) Gunn is an individual residing in

Georgia, who serves as a Runner for Ace Wholesale, Inc.’s operation in Atlanta,

Georgia, and facilitated certain conduct of Ace Wholesale, Inc. described herein.


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21. Defendant CopaTrade, Inc. is a Georgia corporation with its principal

place of business in Atlanta, Georgia.

22. Defendant Moshe (“John”) Alezra is an individual residing in

Georgia, is the chief executive officer and registered agent of CopaTrade, Inc., and

facilitated the conduct of CopaTrade, Inc. described herein.

23. Jurisdiction in this Court is proper pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331,

1332, and 1338 because Sprint’s claims for violation of the United States

Trademark Act, Title 15 of the United States Code and the Computer Fraud and

Abuse Act, 18 U.S.C. § 1030, et seq. arise under federal law and because diversity

exists between the parties and the amount in controversy exceeds $75,000

exclusive of costs, fees, and interest. This Court has supplemental jurisdiction

pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1367 over Sprint’s state law claims because those claims

are so related to the federal claims that they form part of the same case or

controversy.

24. Venue is proper pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1391(b) because the

Defendants either reside in this district or a substantial part of the events or

omissions giving rise to the claims occurred in this judicial district.


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SPRINT’S BUSINESS MODEL

25. Sprint Nextel Corporation and its affiliates offer a comprehensive

range of wireless and wireline communications services, bringing the freedom of

mobility to consumers, businesses and government users. Sprint currently serves

more than 56 million customers, and is widely recognized for developing,

engineering and deploying innovative technologies, including the first wireless 4G

service from a national carrier in the United States. The Sprint companies and

affiliates highly value the outstanding business reputation they have worked hard

to develop.

26. Sprint’s wireless program enables Sprint customers to choose from a

variety of monthly voice and data plans for use on cutting edge devices on the

Sprint wireless network. In addition to being available through Sprint online and

in its stores, Sprint Phones and wireless service are sold through authorized Sprint

dealers around the country.

27. Sprint’s business model is based upon Sprint’s ability to deliver an

affordable product to its consumers. Therefore, Sprint subsidizes its customers’

acquisition of the Sprint Phones by selling its Phones for substantially less than the

Phones cost Sprint. Sprint recoups this subsidy through profits earned on the sale

of Sprint monthly service, which is required to make and receive calls and text


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messages on, and transmit data through, the Sprint Phones. Sprint is able to offer

its Phones to customers at reduced prices only if the Phones are used as intended

on the Sprint wireless network.

28. Sprint has made a significant investment for its customers in the

smartphone market. Indeed, The Wall Street Journal reported in early November

2011 that Sprint had agreed to buy 30.5 million iPhones over the next four years,

paying $20 billion for the bundle.

29. Manufacturers that produce wireless phones for Sprint install

proprietary software, requested and paid for by Sprint, into the Sprint Phones.

Among other things, this software prevents Sprint Phones from being used outside

the Sprint network.

30. In the wireless telecommunications industry, there are two main

competing network technologies worldwide: Global System for Mobile

Communications (“GSM”) and Code Division Multiple Access (“CDMA”). The

Sprint wireless network is based on the CDMA platform, which is also used by

other wireless providers throughout the world. Other wireless carriers in the

United States and around the world use the GSM technology. CDMA and GSM

technologies are not interoperable, meaning phones with CDMA technology will

not operate on GSM networks and vice-versa.


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31. The Apple iPhone 4S sold by Sprint is a “world phone,” meaning that

it supports both CDMA and GSM technologies. Prior to November 11, 2011, the

iPhone 4S Phones that were made specifically for Sprint were locked to the CDMA

Sprint wireless network, but they did not come locked to any particular GSM

platform. Sprint customers could purchase SIM cards when traveling

internationally to enable their iPhone 4S handsets to operate on GSM networks in

foreign countries. Defendants’ Bulk Handset Trafficking Scheme exploits this

feature and profits by reselling Sprint iPhones for use on GSM networks in foreign

countries. On November 11, 2011, Sprint began locking the iPhone SIM to

Sprint’s network, but Defendants’ trafficking has continued unabated.

SPRINT’S TRADEMARK RIGHTS

32. Sprint Communications Company L.P. owns federal trademark

registrations for the standard character and stylized Sprint® marks and licenses the

right to use said marks to Sprint Nextel Corporation (collectively, the “Sprint

Marks”).1 The stylized Sprint mark is depicted below:

1 True and correct copies of the certificates of registration issued by the United States Patent and Trademark Office are attached hereto as Composite Exhibit A.


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33. Sprint uses the Sprint Marks on and in connection with its

telecommunications products and services.

34. As a result of the high quality of Sprint’s products, services, sales,

promotion and advertising thereof, the Sprint Marks have become an intrinsic and

essential part of the valuable goodwill and property of Sprint. The Sprint Marks

are well known and established to customers and the trade as symbols identifying

and distinguishing Sprint’s products and services, and signifying distinctive

products and services of high quality, and provide actual notice that the Phones are

intended for use solely within Sprint’s wireless system. Only Sprint and its

authorized, affiliated agents are permitted to use the Sprint Marks. The Sprint

Marks are valid, distinctive, protectable, famous, have acquired secondary

meaning, and are associated exclusively with Sprint Communications and its

licensee Sprint Nextel.

TERMS AND CONDITIONS REGARDING

THE USE OF SPRINT PHONES

35. Sprint Phones are sold subject to terms and conditions (“Terms and


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Conditions”) which conspicuously restrict and limit the sale and use of the Phones.

A copy of the Terms and Conditions is attached hereto as Exhibit B. These Terms

and Conditions are set forth in printed inserts that are included with the purchase of

every Sprint Phone. The Terms and Conditions constitute a valid and binding

contract.

36. Limitations set out in the Terms and Conditions are intended to

restrict the use of Sprint Phones to Sprint’s wireless network. Among other things,

the Terms and Conditions: (a) require that the customer pay his/her monthly

service charges and other related fees; (b) require the customer to pay an Early

Termination Fee (“ETF”) for each line of service that is terminated before the

contract term is concluded; (c) indicate that the Phone is designed to be activated

on the Sprint CDMA network; (d) prohibit resale of Sprint Phones and related

products and services; and (e) prohibit using the Phones for a purpose that could

damage or adversely affect Sprint. p

DEFENDANTS’ MISCONDUCT

37. Sprint has discovered that, although large quantities of its Phones are

being purchased throughout the United States, a significant number of these

Phones are not being activated for use on the Sprint network.


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38. Instead, entities and individuals such as Defendants and their co-

conspirators are purchasing and fraudulently reselling Sprint Phones in bulk

quantities. The Phones are purchased, either directly by Defendants or through

their co-conspirators, and then shipped overseas and sold for substantial profits,

where they can be used on other wireless carriers’ networks. Other times, the

Phones are taken out of their original packaging, all accessories, warranties, and

manuals are removed, and the Phones are shipped overseas and sold. Defendants

undertake these actions for profit, not for the sole purpose of lawfully connecting

to the Sprint wireless network.

39. Once a Sprint Phone is shipped overseas and becomes operable on

other wireless networks, Sprint no longer has a revenue source to recoup the

invested subsidy on that Phone.

40. Defendants are knowingly and willfully engaged in an enterprise that

traffics in and resells Sprint Phones. Defendants have purchased and sold large

quantities of Sprint Phones through various co-conspirators. While the complete

extent of Defendants’ activities in the Bulk Handset Trafficking Scheme is not yet

known, Defendants are actively involved in several integral components of the

conspiracy. Some of those components are discussed below.


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41. As early as November 2011, Defendant Ace Wholesale placed

numerous advertisements on various websites seeking to buy and sell Sprint

iPhones and other cellular telephones in mass quantity. Copies of some of these

advertisements (and more recent advertisements) are attached hereto as Exhibit C.

42. On November 22, 2011, a private investigator from Sprint contacted

Eric Mandreger with Ace Wholesale, and inquired about selling Sprint iPhone 4S

models. Eric advised he is always looking to buy iPhones, and that money is no

object. He stated that Ace Wholesale deals with wholesalers and also has a retail

location. Eric indicated that he had made previous large purchases of Sprint

iPhone 4S handsets.

43. On Tuesday, November 29, 2011, Sprint’s investigator traveled to the

Ace Wholesale retail location in Taylor, Michigan. The building is a small office

area with a larger office area behind bulletproof glass, and a secure rotating drawer

to pass items through to the employees. Sprint’s investigator spoke with the office

manager, Dominick Lanore, who explained that Ace buys any type of new cell

phones and electronics, and they try to avoid buying used phones. Sprint’s

investigator asked Dominick about Sprint phones, and he responded they currently

pay $430 for Sprint iPhone 4S models.


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44. Sprint’s investigators visited another Ace Wholesale facility located at

100 E. Big Beaver Road, Suite 905, Troy, Michigan. When asked if they buy

Sprint iPhones, the Ace employee indicated that they do but only in large volume

at this particular location (which she indicated was the “headquarters” for Ace

Wholesale). The employee directed the Sprint investigator to sell smaller

quantities of Sprint Phones at the Taylor, Michigan location.

45. On November 30, 2011 Sprint’s investigator visited the Taylor,

Michigan location of Ace Wholesale. The investigator asked the Ace Wholesale

employee whether he wanted to purchase a Sprint iPhone 4S. The employee

indicated that he would pay for $425 for the phone, and the parties consummated

that transaction.

46. On December 7, 2011, Sprint’s investigator conducted surveillance

outside the Ace Wholesale store in Taylor, Michigan. Over the course of the day,

67 different vehicles visited the store, most carried into the store one or multiple

phone boxes, plastics bags, or cardboard boxes containing cellular telephones.

Several photographs detailing this surveillance are attached hereto as Exhibit D.

47. On January 24, 2012, Sprint’s investigator again visited Ace

Wholesale, and spoke with an employee named “Adam” who advised that they are

currently paying $360 for the Sprint Blackberry Bold 9930.


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48. On January 26, 2012, Sprint’s investigator again visited Ace

Wholesale, this time carrying a Sprint iPhone 4S (16 GB). The investigator again

spoke with “Adam,” who confirmed Ace’s willingness to purchase the phone for

$420.

49. Most recently, on June 22, 2012, Sprint’s investigators traveled to the

Ace Wholesale store located at 3350 Chamblee Tucker Road, Atlanta, Georgia

30341.

50. During this visit, Sprint’s investigators spoke with Defendant, Barney

(“Spook”) Gunn, a Runner for Ace Wholesale, outside the store location. Barney

told Sprint’s investigators that obtaining and selling phones is his job, and that he

can make up to $3,000 per week buying and selling phones.

51. After speaking with Barney, Sprint’s investigators proceeded inside

the store and sold a Sprint iPhone 4S for $440 to the store manager, Tony Archie.

After the transaction was completed, Tony encouraged Sprint’s investigators to

return to sell more phones and to “tell everyone” about Ace Wholesale.

52. During the investigation, Sprint’s investigators also identified a retail

location for Ace Wholesale, Inc. in Chicago, Illinois. Through subsequent calls to

this store location, Sprint’s investigators confirmed that Ace Wholesale purchases

Sprint iPhone handsets at this location as well.


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53. On Thursday, July 19, 2012, Sprint’s investigators visited the Ace

Wholesale store located at 3942 W. Devon Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60712.

54. During this visit, the investigators spoke with the office manager,

Defendant Jose Genel, and offered to sell a Sprint iPhone 4S for $450. Genel

stated he would pay $440 for the phone, and the parties consummated the

transaction.

55. During the investigators’ visit to the Ace Wholesale store in Chicago,

Jose Genel informed Sprint’s investigators that he buys all high end smartphones,

including Sprint Phones, and that he sends out weekly text messages regarding the

phones he is seeking to purchase and the price he will pay.

56. Defendant Jason Floarea is the principal of Ace Wholesale, and

previously worked at Wholesale Express, Inc., another company involved in the

global conspiracy to traffic in Sprint Phones. Sprint has already received a

judgment against Wholesale Express, a copy of which is attached as Exhibit E.

57. On June 18, 2012, Defendant, CopaTrade, Inc., was identified through

an advertisement on www.thewirelessbuzz.com offering Sprint iPhones for sale.

58. The next day, June 19, 2012, Sprint’s investigators contacted

CopaTrade by calling the number on the Wireless Buzz advertisement, and spoke

with a man who identified himself as “John” regarding purchasing a Sprint iPhone.


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John, who has been subsequently identified as Defendant, Moshe Alezra, advised

the investigators that he had several Sprint iPhones for sale, however, he only had

four (4) iPhones with “clean ESN” available to purchase, and he would sell the

investigators one Sprint iPhone 4S for $515.

59. The investigators agreed to purchase the Sprint iPhone 4S for $515,

and paid $538 for the iPhone, which included the costs for shipping.

60. On Monday, June 25, 2012, Sprint’s investigators received the iPhone

4S in the mail. The iPhone was delivered in a repackaged box that did not contain

any serial numbers, and the manual that came with the iPhone was for an iPhone 4,

not the iPhone 4S.

61. At present, CopaTrade, Inc. is still advertising on the Wireless Buzz

offering Sprint Phones for sale.

62. Defendant, Moshe Alezra, is the principal of CopaTrade, Inc., and

facilitated the conduct of CopaTrade, Inc. described above.

SUBSTANTIAL HARM CAUSED BY DEFENDANTS’ MISCONDUCT

63. Defendants’ actions substantially harm Sprint by depriving Sprint of

the opportunity to recoup its subsidies on the sale of its Sprint Phones and to earn

profits by providing wireless service to legitimate Sprint consumers. Indeed, the

iPhones being trafficked by Defendants are especially problematic for Sprint. As


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noted above, the iPhones is an iconic product, especially for Sprint. Sprint

invested a significant amount of effort and time in securing rights to sell the

iPhone, and has staked a significant amount of its business on the iPhone brand.

See, e.g. Exhibit F attached hereto (recent newspaper articles discussing the

iPhone). Thus, Sprint’s request for relief in this case is an urgent business issue.

64. The conduct of Defendants, their unknown co-conspirators, and others

who engage in the unlawful bulk purchasing and sale of Sprint Phones has also

resulted in shortages of available Sprint Phones, thereby substantially harming

Sprint and its relationship with dealers and consumers because Sprint is not able to

supply dealers with sufficient handsets to satisfy the demand from legitimate

consumers. The availability of iPhones for use on the Sprint network has become

particularly problematic since the October 2011 launch of the popular Apple

iPhone 4S. At least partially as a result of Defendants’ conduct, consumers have

not had a sufficient supply of iPhone 4S phones available for use on the Sprint

network. As a result, Sprint has lost, and continues to lose, potential customers to

wireless competitors.

65. In addition, removing the Phones from the original packaging and

altering the Phones irreparably harms Sprint because it deprives Sprint of the

means to control the quality of its product.


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66. Moreover, the process of unlocking and reselling a Sprint Phone voids

the manufacturer’s warranty on the device. In addition, the unlocked repackaged

Sprint Phones are sold without the original manufacturer’s warranty

documentation. Both consumers and Sprint are harmed when a Sprint Phone that

has been altered or sold by Defendants or their co-conspirators is submitted for

warranty repair. Because the warranty is voided on unlocked Phones or Phones

sold without warranty documentation, consumers who purchase Sprint Phones

from Defendants or their co-conspirators are unable to obtain warranty service in

the event they experience problems with their Phones. As a result, Sprint’s

reputation suffers further.

67. In addition, Defendants’ improper and unauthorized resale of Sprint

Phones for use on other networks but still bearing the Sprint Marks may result in

calls by confused consumers to Sprint’s customer relations department. Sprint

incurs substantial costs associated with such calls and its reputation is further

damaged because Sprint may be unable to assist those consumers because

Defendants’ actions voided the warranties and because Sprint sold the Phones for

use on another provider’s network.

68. Defendants’ conduct has also resulted in the dilution of the Sprint

Marks, substantial harm to Sprint’s business reputation and goodwill and a greater


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likelihood of confusion, mistake, and deception as to the source of origin of Sprint

products unlawfully sold by the Defendant and as to the relationship between

Sprint and Defendants.

CIVIL PROCEEDINGS IN OTHER FEDERAL COURTS

69. Federal courts have recognized that conduct similar to Defendants’

conduct is unlawful.

70. In addition to Sprint, T-Mobile USA, Inc. (“T-Mobile”), TracFone

Wireless, Inc. (“TracFone”), Nokia Corporation (“Nokia”), and AT&T Mobility

LLC (“AT&T”) have each filed multiple lawsuits in numerous federal courts

across the country against other defendants similarly engaged in the practice of

defrauding legitimate consumers by bulk purchasing wireless telephones and

reselling them for profit.

71. Sprint, T-Mobile, AT&T, TracFone, and Nokia, have obtained Final

Judgments and Permanent Injunctions in these cases, examples of which are

attached hereto as Composite Exhibit G. A defendant who failed to abide by an

injunction issued by the United States District Court for the Southern District of

Texas pled guilty to criminal contempt, and has been sentenced to serve 57 months

in prison. Copies of the Memorandum Opinion and Order of Contempt,

Application for Criminal Contempt, the Order finding cause to believe the


22256722.8 22

defendant is guilty of criminal contempt, and Judgment of Criminal Contempt are

attached hereto as Composite Exhibit H.

COUNT ONE

BREACH OF CONTRACT

72. Sprint reasserts the allegations set forth above as though fully set forth

herein.

73. By purchasing Sprint Phones, Defendants acknowledged and agreed

to the Terms and Conditions included with each Sprint Phone.

74. By inducing or causing Runners and others to purchase Sprint Phones

on Defendants’ behalf and for Defendants’ benefit, Defendants acknowledged and

agreed to the Terms and Conditions included with each Sprint Phone.

75. The Terms and Conditions constitute a valid binding contract between

Sprint and Defendants.

76. Sprint has performed or tendered performance in full compliance with

the Terms and Conditions.

77. Defendants have breached the Terms and Conditions by, inter alia: (a)

failing to pay for the monthly service charges; (b) failing to pay the ETF fees; (c)

failing to activate the Phones on the Sprint wireless network; (d) reselling the


22256722.8 23

Sprint Phones and related products and services; and (e) using the Phones for a

purpose that could damage or adversely affect Sprint.

78. Sprint has suffered damages as a result of Defendants’ breach of the

Terms and Conditions.

COUNT TWO

UNFAIR COMPETITION O.C.G.A. § 23-2-55


herein.

80. Defendants’ conduct in purchasing and/or inducing others to purchase

Sprint Phones and reselling and/or assisting others to resell the Phones overseas for

activation on other wireless networks constitute unfair methods of competition,

unconscionable acts or practices, and/or unfair or deceptive acts or practices in

violation of O.C.G.A. § 23-2-55.

81. Defendants’ conduct in selling, inducing others to sell, and/or

assisting others to sell Sprint Phones for the purpose of being resold, which

undermines Sprint’s subsidy program, constitutes unfair methods of competition,

unconscionable acts or practices, and/or unfair or deceptive acts or practices in

violation of Georgia law.


22256722.8 24

82. Defendants’ conduct complained of herein was intentional, malicious,

and willful, and has caused substantial harm to Sprint.

83. There is no adequate remedy at law to fully compensate Sprint for the

harm caused by Defendants’ unfair competition.

COUNT THREE

TORTIOUS INTERFERENCE WITH BUSINESS RELATIONSHIPS AND PROSPECTIVE ADVANTAGE


herein.

85. A business relationship, and an expectancy of business relationships,

exists between Sprint and authorized dealers of Sprint Phones.

86. A business relationship, and an expectancy of business relationships,

exists between Sprint and the purchasers and prospective purchasers of its Sprint

Phones and wireless service.

87. There is a high probability of future economic benefit to Sprint as a

result of these current and prospective business relationships.

88. Defendants have knowledge of and have intentionally and

unjustifiably interfered with, and/or have knowingly facilitated a conspiracy to

interfere with, these current and prospective business relationships between Sprint,


22256722.8 25

authorized dealers who sell Sprint products, and legitimate Sprint customers or

prospective customers.

89. Specifically, but without limitation, Defendants knew that Sprint has

business relationships, and an expectancy of business relationships, with legitimate

consumers of Sprint Phones and wireless service. Defendants interfered with these

relationships by engaging in their Bulk Handset Trafficking Scheme and causing,

at least in part, Sprint to have an insufficient supply of Sprint Phones available to

meet legitimate consumer demand. Defendants also interfered with the contractual

relationships that existed between Sprint and Runners or other purchasers by

inducing the Runners or other purchasers to breach their contracts with Sprint.

90. Defendants also knew that Sprint has business relationships with

dealers of Sprint Phones to provide said dealers with sufficient quantities of Sprint

Phones for their legitimate consumers’ use exclusively on Sprint’s wireless

network. Defendants’ Bulk Handset Trafficking Scheme has resulted in substantial

numbers of Sprint Phones that are never activated on Sprint service and has further

caused shortages of available Sprint Phones, thereby substantially harming Sprint

and its relationship with dealers because Sprint is unable to supply dealers with

sufficient Phones to satisfy the demands from legitimate consumers.


22256722.8 26

91. Defendants are intentionally interfering with Sprint’s business

relationships and prospective advantages through improper means and in violation

of the law.

92. Defendants engaged in the acts of interference set forth herein with a

conscious desire to prevent the relationships from occurring or continuing, or

Defendants knew that the interference was certain or substantially certain to occur

as a result of their conduct.

93. Sprint has been proximately damaged and continues to be damaged as

a result of Defendants’ interference.


harm caused by Defendants’ tortious interference.

COUNT FOUR

CIVIL CONSPIRACY


herein.

96. An agreement and conspiracy existed and continues to exist between

and among the Defendants and other co-conspirators to unlawfully bulk purchase,

traffic, and resell Sprint Phones, which results in breach of contract, unfair

competition, tortious interference with business relationships and prospective


22256722.8 27

advantage, unjust enrichment, and violation of the federal Computer Fraud and

Abuse Act, among other things.

97. Each Defendant knowingly agreed to engage, and did engage, in one

or more overt acts in pursuit of the conspiracy as set forth with more particularity

in this Complaint.

98. Sprint has been proximately damaged by the conspiracy and

Defendants’ actions in furtherance thereof.


harm caused by Defendants’ conspiracy.

COUNT FIVE

UNJUST ENRICHMENT


herein.

101. By bulk purchasing the Sprint Phones at less than the manufacturer

cost of the Phones for use on wireless networks other than Sprint’s network,

Defendants have obtained benefits from Sprint which have caused significant harm

to Sprint and led to significant financial gain to Defendants through their resale of

the bulk purchased Sprint Phones.


22256722.8 28

102. Defendants have acquired the benefits voluntarily and with full

knowledge of the benefits.

103. Defendants have retained the benefits under such circumstances that

make it unjust and inequitable for Defendants to retain the benefits without paying

Sprint the value of the benefits Defendants acquired.


harm caused by Defendants’ unjust enrichment.

COUNT SIX

CONSPIRACY TO INDUCE BREACH OF CONTRACT


herein.

106. Defendants solicit Runners and others (collectively, “Purchasers”) to

purchase Sprint Phones in bulk for the benefit of Defendants.

107. Defendants’ active solicitation of Purchasers includes instructing

Purchasers to enter into valid contracts with Sprint for the provision of wireless

service and subsidized Phones in accordance with the Terms and Conditions.

108. Defendants’ active solicitation of Purchasers also includes instructing

and inducing Purchasers to breach their contracts with Sprint by inter alia: (a)

failing to pay for the monthly service charges; (b) failing to pay the ETF fees; (c)


22256722.8 29

failing to activate the Phones on the Sprint wireless network; (d) reselling the

Sprint Phones and related products and services; and (e) using the Phones for a

purpose that could damage or adversely affect Sprint.

109. Defendants have knowledge of the contracts between Sprint and

Purchasers, and intended to, and in fact did, and continue to, induce Purchasers to

breach their contracts with Sprint.

110. The breach of the contracts is proximately caused by Defendants’

misconduct.

111. Sprint suffered and continues to suffer damages as a result of the

breach of the contracts induced by Defendants.


harm caused by Defendants’ conspiracy to induce breach of the contracts.

COUNT SEVEN

COMMON LAW FRAUD


herein.

114. As part of their Bulk Handset Trafficking Scheme, Defendants

regularly and systematically misrepresent to Sprint that the Phones are being

purchased for a legitimate purpose, that the Phones would be used by Defendants


22256722.8 30

or other legitimate consumers on Sprint’s wireless network, and that they will pay

their monthly service charges and ETF, and otherwise perform in accordance with

the Terms and Conditions.

115. When Defendants or their co-conspirators purchase Sprint Phones as

part of their Bulk Handset Trafficking Scheme, they do not intend to use the

Phones for a legitimate purpose or to activate them on Sprint’s wireless network,

nor do they intend to pay their monthly service charges or ETF, or otherwise

perform in accordance with the Terms and Conditions.

116. Defendants know that they are required to activate the Sprint Phones

on the Sprint wireless network, pay the monthly service charges and ETF, and

otherwise comply with the Terms and Conditions.

117. Defendants intended for Sprint to rely on their misrepresentations to

allow Defendants to purchase the Phones for improper purposes.

118. Sprint’s reliance on Defendants’ misrepresentations was reasonable

under the circumstances.

119. Sprint has been damaged and continues to suffer damages as a result

of Defendants’ actions.


harm caused by Defendants’ fraud.


22256722.8 31

COUNT EIGHT

FRAUDULENT MISREPRESENTATION


herein.

122. As part of their Scheme, Defendants regularly and systematically

misrepresent to Sprint that the Phones are being purchased for a legitimate purpose

and would be used by Defendants or other legitimate consumers on Sprint’s

wireless network.

123. When Defendants or their co-conspirators purchase a Sprint Phone,

they do not intend to activate or use the Phone on the Sprint wireless network.

124. Defendants knew that they were required to activate the Sprint Phones

on the Sprint wireless network.

125. Defendants intended for Sprint to rely on these misrepresentations to

allow Defendants to purchase the Phones for improper purposes.

126. Sprint’s reliance on Defendants’ misrepresentations was reasonable

under the circumstances.

127. Sprint has been damaged and continues to suffer damages as a result

of Defendants’ actions.


22256722.8 32


harm caused by Defendants’ fraudulent misrepresentations.

COUNT NINE

TRAFFICKING IN COMPUTER PASSWORDS 18 U.S.C. § 1030(a)(6)


herein.

130. The Sprint Phones that are trafficked by Defendants are loaded with

confidential codes that access: (a) Sprint’s national telecommunications computer

network to make and receive wireless voice calls and to transmit data, and (b)

Sprint’s computer billing network (collectively, the “protected computer

networks”). In other words, the Phones act as a gateway to Sprint’s protected

computer networks. Sprint protects access to these protected computer networks

through, among other things, the confidential codes contained in the Phones.

131. Through their Bulk Handset Trafficking Scheme, Defendants are

knowingly and with the intent to defraud Sprint trafficking in the confidential codes

contained in the Phones.

132. Defendants’ transfer of the Phones and confidential codes to others

constitutes “trafficking” of the codes as defined in 18 U.S.C. § 1029 in that the codes


22256722.8 33

were transferred, or otherwise disposed of, to others, or Defendants obtained control

of the codes with intent to transfer or dispose of them.

133. Defendants’ trafficking of the Phones substantially affects interstate

commerce and communication in that the codes contained in the Phones are

trafficked over the internet, throughout the United States, and around the world, and

Sprint’s protected computer networks are used in and affect interstate commerce and

communication, and provide wireless communications services pursuant to licenses

issued by the Federal Communications Commission.

134. Defendants’ trafficking of Sprint’s codes has caused and will continue to

cause Sprint to suffer injury, with “damages” and “losses” – as those terms are

defined in Sections 1030(e)(8) and 1030(e)(11), respectively -- substantially in excess

of $5,000 over a one-year period.

135. With respect to loss, Sprint has lost subsidy investments and spent

well in excess of $5,000 investigating and assessing the possible impairment to the

integrity of its protected computer networks, taking action to counteract

Defendants’ theft, and conducting a damage assessment regarding Defendants’

collection and dissemination of Sprint Phones and codes, as well as tracking down

fraudulently sold Phones.


22256722.8 34

136. With respect to damage, by infiltrating the Sprint computer and

telecommunications network and collecting and disseminating the illegally

activated Phones and codes, Defendants have substantially impaired the integrity

of Sprint’s protected computer networks in an amount in excess of $5,000.

Moreover, Defendants’ actions have deprived Sprint of the means to control the

quality of its product and service.

137. Defendants’ activities constitute trafficking in computer passwords in

violation of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, 18 U.S.C. § 1030(a)(6).

138. Defendants’ conduct is intentional, malicious and willful.

139. Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1030(g), Sprint is entitled to maintain this

civil action against Defendants to obtain compensatory damages and injunctive and

other equitable relief because of the reasons identified above, and because , and

because Defendants’ conduct involves at least one of the factors identified in 18

U.S.C § 1030(c)(4)(A)(i), including the factor set forth in subclause (I): the loss to

Sprint and its customers as a result of Defendants’ conduct during any one year

period aggregated at least $5,000 in value.


22256722.8 35

COUNT TEN

UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS 18 U.S.C. § 1030(a)(5)(C)


herein.

141. The Sprint Phones that are purchased by the Defendants and their co-

conspirators pursuant to their Bulk Handset Trafficking Scheme are loaded with

codes that access: (a) Sprint’s national telecommunications computer network to

make and receive wireless voice calls and to transmit data, and (b) Sprint’s

computer billing network (collectively, the “protected computer networks”).

142. By purchasing the Phones, Defendants necessarily access the Sprint

protected computer networks because the Phones are connected to those networks

when purchased from Sprint.

143. Defendants purchase the Phones by misrepresenting to Sprint that the

Phones are being purchased for a legitimate purpose for use by legitimate

consumers on Sprint’s computer networks, when in fact, they are not. Because

Defendants are purchasing the Phones for illegitimate reasons, Defendants’ access

of Sprint’s protected computer networks is not authorized in any way.

144. Moreover, when Defendants purchase a Sprint Phone from Runners or

other purchasers, Defendants carefully examine the Phone, turn it on, and perform


22256722.8 36

various tests to confirm that the Phone had been activated on Sprint’s wireless

network and that the various electronic code numbers and access numbers loaded

on the Phone are correct. This too constitutes unauthorized access of Sprint’s

protected computer networks.

145. By trafficking in activated Sprint Phones, the Defendants are also

knowingly, intentionally, and with the intent to defraud, facilitating the

unauthorized access of Sprint’s protected computer networks.

146. Defendants’ conduct also exceeds authorized access, as defined by

Section 1030(e)(6) of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, in that Defendants (or

their co-conspirators) were initially permitted to access Sprint’s protected

computer networks when they originally purchased the Phones from Sprint, but by

purchasing the Phones solely to resell them without paying the monthly service

charges and ETF fees, Defendants’ access of Sprint’s protected computer networks

exceeds authorized access.

147. Defendants’ access of Sprint’s protected computer systems allows

them to improperly steal Sprint’s subsidy investment in its Phones.

148. Sprint’s protected computer systems are “protected computers” as that

term is defined in Section 1030(e)(2)(B) of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act

because they are used in interstate commerce and communications.


22256722.8 37

149. Defendants’ activities substantially affect interstate commerce and

communication in that the Phones are trafficked over the internet, throughout the

United States, and around the world, and Sprint’s computer system and

telecommunications network are used in and affect interstate commerce and

communication, and provide wireless communications services pursuant to licenses

issued by the Federal Communications Commission.

150. Defendants’ unauthorized access of Sprint’s protected computer

systems has caused and will continue to cause Sprint to suffer injury, with

“damages” and “losses” – as those terms are defined in Sections 1030(e)(8) and

1030(e)(11), respectively -- substantially in excess of $5,000 over a one-year

period.

151. With respect to loss, Sprint has lost subsidy investments in the

trafficked Phones and spent well in excess of $5,000 investigating and assessing

the possible impairment to the integrity of its protected computer systems, taking

action to counteract Defendants’ theft, and conducting a damage assessment

regarding Defendants’ collection and dissemination of Sprint Phones, as well as

tracking down fraudulently sold Phones.

152. With respect to damage, by infiltrating the Sprint computers systems

and collecting and disseminating the illegally trafficked Phones, Defendants have


22256722.8 38

substantially impaired the integrity of Sprint’s systems in an amount in excess of

$5,000. Moreover, Defendants’ actions have deprived Sprint of the means to

control the quality of its product and service, and have stolen Sprint’s subsidy

investment in its Phones.

153. Defendants’ activities constitute unauthorized access in violation of

the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, 18 U.S.C. § 1030(a)(5)(C).




other equitable relief because of the reasons identified above, and because

Defendants’ conduct involves at least one of the factors identified in 18 U.S.C §

1030(c)(4)(A)(i), including the factor set forth in subclause (I): the loss to Sprint

and its customers as a result of Defendants’ conduct during any one year period

aggregated at least $5,000 in value.

COUNT ELEVEN

UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS WITH INTENT TO DEFRAUD 18 U.S.C. § 1030(a)(4)


herein.


22256722.8 39

157. The Sprint Phones that are purchased by the Defendants are loaded

with codes that access: (a) Sprint’s national telecommunications computer network

to make and receive wireless voice calls and to transmit data, and (b) Sprint’s







consumers on Sprint’s computer networks when in fact, they are not. Because










22256722.8 40













164. Sprint’s protected computer systems are “protected computers” as that

term is defined in Section 1030(e)(2)(B) of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act

because they are used in interstate commerce and communications.

165. Defendants’ activities substantially affect interstate commerce and

communication in that the Phones are trafficked over the internet, throughout the

United States, and around the world, and Sprint’s computer system and

telecommunications network are used in and affect interstate commerce and


22256722.8 41

communication, and provide wireless telecommunications service pursuant to

licenses issued by the Federal Communications Commission.

166. Defendants’ unauthorized access of Sprint’s protected computer

systems has caused and will continue to cause Sprint to suffer injury, with

“damages” and “losses” – as those terms are defined in Sections 1030(e)(8) and

1030(e)(11), respectively -- substantially in excess of $5,000 over a one-year

period.

167. With respect to loss, Sprint has lost subsidy investments in the

trafficked Phones and spent well in excess of $5,000 investigating and assessing

the possible impairment to the integrity of its protected computer systems, taking

action to counteract Defendants’ theft, and conducting a damage assessment

regarding Defendants’ collection and dissemination of Sprint Phones, as well as

tracking down fraudulently sold Phones.

168. With respect to damage, by infiltrating the Sprint computers systems

and collecting and disseminating the illegally trafficked Phones, Defendants have

substantially impaired the integrity of Sprint’s systems in an amount in excess of

$5,000. Moreover, Defendants’ actions have deprived Sprint of the means to

control the quality of its product and service, and have stolen Sprint’s subsidy

investment in its Phones.


22256722.8 42

169. Defendants’ activities constitute unauthorized access in violation of

the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, 18 U.S.C. § 1030(a)(4).

170. Defendants’ conduct is intentional, fraudulent, malicious and willful.



other equitable relief because of the reasons identified above, and because , and

because Defendants’ conduct involves at least one of the factors identified in 18

U.S.C § 1030(c)(4)(A)(i), including the factor set forth in subclause (I): the loss to

Sprint and its customers as a result of Defendants’ conduct during any one year

period aggregated is at least $5,000 in value.

COUNT TWELVE

FEDERAL TRADEMARK INFRINGEMENT 15 U.S.C. 1114 [§32(1) of the Lanham Act]

172. Sprint Communications reasserts and incorporates the factual

allegations set forth above as though fully set forth herein.

173. Defendants’ and/or their co-conspirators’ aforementioned conduct

constitutes use of certain federally registered Sprint Marks without authorization in

connection with their conspiracy to sell and offer for sale unlocked, counterfeit

Sprint Phones, which downstream customers will discover have been altered from


22256722.8 43

their original state and do not include the warranties, accessories, manuals and

related items that constitute part of the Sprint Phone package.

174. Defendants’ and/or their co-conspirators’ use of certain federally

registered Sprint Marks in connection with the sale of Sprint Phones has caused,

and will further cause, a likelihood of confusion, mistake and deception as to the

source of origin of Defendants’ infringing products, and the relationship between

Sprint Communications and Defendants.

175. Defendants’ and/or their co-conspirators’ unauthorized use of certain

federally registered Sprint Marks is likely to continue in the future, all to the great

and irreparable damage to the business, reputation and goodwill of Sprint

Communications.

176. Defendants’ and/or their co-conspirators’ use of certain federally

registered Sprint Marks in connection with the unlocked, counterfeit Sprint

Phones, which do not include warranties, manuals, accessories and related items

made part of the Sprint Phone package, constitutes a misappropriation of Sprint

Communications’ distinguishing and identifying federally registered trademarks

that were created as a result of significant effort and expense by Sprint

Communications over a long period of time. Defendants’ and/or their co-

conspirators’ use of certain federally registered Sprint Marks evokes an immediate,


22256722.8 44

favorable impression or association and constitutes a false representation that the

products and business of Defendants have some connection, association or

affiliation with Sprint Communications, and is likely to mislead the trade and

public into believing that Defendants’ products and services originate from, are

affiliated with, or are sponsored, authorized, approved or sanctioned by Sprint

Communications.

177. Defendants, in committing the foregoing acts in commerce, have

damaged, and will continue to damage, Sprint Communications and the reputation

and goodwill of Sprint Communications, and have been unjustly enriched and will

continue to unjustly enrich themselves at the expense of Sprint Communications.

Sprint Communications is without an adequate remedy at law to redress such acts,

and will be irreparably damaged unless Defendants are enjoined from committing

and continuing to commit such acts.

178. Defendants’ aforesaid acts constitute willful infringement of Sprint

Communications’ aforementioned federally registered trademarks in violation of

15 U.S.C. §1114.


22256722.8 45

COUNT THIRTEEN

FEDERAL COMMON LAW TRADEMARK INFRINGEMENT AND FALSE ADVERTISING

15 U.S.C. § 1125 (a)(1)(A) and (B) [§43(a) of the Lanham Act]


herein.

180. Defendants’ and/or their co-conspirators’ aforementioned conduct

constitutes use of the Sprint Marks without authorization in connection with their

conspiracy to sell and offer for sale unlocked, counterfeit Sprint Phones, which

downstream customers will discover have been altered from their original state and

do not include the warranties, accessories, manuals and related items that constitute

part of the Sprint Phone package.

181. Defendants’ and/or their co-conspirators’ use of the Sprint Marks in

connection with the sale of unlocked, counterfeit Sprint Phones has caused, and

will further cause, a likelihood of confusion, mistake and deception as to the source

of origin of Defendants’ counterfeit products, and the relationship between Sprint

and Defendants.

182. Defendants’ and/or their co-conspirators’ unauthorized use of the

Sprint Marks is likely to continue in the future, all to the great and irreparable

damage to the business, reputation, and goodwill of Sprint.


22256722.8 46

183. Defendants’ and/or their co-conspirators’ use of the Sprint Marks in

connection with the unlocked, counterfeit Sprint Phones, which do not include

warranties, manuals, accessories and related items made part of the Sprint Phone

package, constitutes a misappropriation of the distinguishing and identifying Sprint

Marks that was created as a result of significant effort and expense. Defendants’

and/or their co-conspirators’ use of the Sprint Marks evokes an immediate,

favorable impression or association and constitutes a false representation that the

products and business of Defendants have some connection, association or

affiliation with Sprint, and thus constitutes false designation of origin and is likely

to mislead the trade and public into believing that Defendants’ products and

services originate from, are affiliated with, or are sponsored, authorized, approved

or sanctioned by Sprint.

184. Defendants, in committing the foregoing acts in commerce, have

damaged, and will continue to damage, Sprint and the reputation and goodwill of

Sprint, and have been unjustly enriched and will continue to unjustly enrich

themselves at the expense of Sprint. Sprint is without an adequate remedy at law

to redress such acts, and will be irreparably damaged unless Defendants are

enjoined from committing and continuing to commit such acts.


22256722.8 47

185. Defendants’ use of the Sprint Marks in commercial advertising or

promotion misrepresents the nature, characteristics, and/or qualities of their

infringing products.

186. Defendants’ activities constitute false designation of origin, false

descriptions and representations, and false advertising in commerce in violation of

§ 43(a) of the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. §1125(a)(1)(A) and (B).

187. Sprint is entitled to appropriate relief as prayed for hereinafter,

including preliminary and permanent injunctive relief.

188. Defendants knew or should have known that Sprint Communications

is the owner and Sprint Nextel is a licensee of the Sprint Marks and that

Defendants had no legal right to use the Sprint Marks on their infringing products.

Defendants are engaged in and continue to engage in the alleged activities

knowingly, willfully and deliberately, so as to justify the assessment of exemplary

damages and an award of Plaintiffs’ lost profits, Defendants’ profits, and Plaintiffs’

attorneys’ fees.

COUNT FOURTEEN

CONTRIBUTORY TRADEMARK INFRINGEMENT


herein.


22256722.8 48

190. By misappropriating and using the Sprint Marks, Defendants

knowingly aided and enabled distributors and/or sellers of its products to market

them to members of the general public in a way that infringes the Sprint Marks by

placing in the hands of distributors and/or sellers an instrument of consumer

deception.

191. Defendants’ unlawful, unauthorized, and unlicensed sale of the

unlocked Sprint Phones has contributed to the creation of express and implied

misrepresentations that the Sprint Phones, as sold by Defendants, were created,

authorized or approved by Sprint, and include warranties.

192. Upon information and belief, Defendants’ conduct leads to post-sale

confusion by causing consumers who purchase Sprint Phones altered by

Defendants to believe that they are purchasing handsets approved by Sprint and

containing original warranties.

193. Defendants’ conduct constitutes contributory infringement in violation

of the Trademark Act. Defendants’ conduct is intentional, malicious and willful.

COUNT FIFTEEN

DECEPTIVE TRADE PRACTICES O.C.G.A. § 10-1-372 et seq.

194. Sprint reasserts and incorporates the allegations set forth above as

though fully set forth herein.


22256722.8 49

195. Defendants have and are engaged in acts or practices in violation of the

prohibition against deceptive trade practices found at O.C.G.A. § 10-1-372 et seq.

196. Defendants have used and are using the Sprint Marks in connection with

the above-described unlawful activities, including, but not limited to, the Bulk

Handset Trafficking Scheme in such a manner as to misrepresent the source,

sponsorship, approval, and/or certification of their products and services. The use of

the Sprint Marks by Defendants creates an unreasonable risk that present and potential

consumers and subscribers may falsely conclude that there exists some affiliation,

connection, or association between and among Sprint and Defendants.

197. Defendants’ acts have damaged, impaired, and diluted that part of

Sprint’s goodwill symbolized by the Sprint Marks. The nature, probable tendency,

and effect of Defendants’ use of these marks in the manner alleged are to enable

Defendants to deceive the public.

198. Defendants’ use of the Sprint Marks in the manner alleged constitutes

deceptive trade practices of a type prohibited by O.C.G.A. § 10-1-372 et seq.

199. Defendants had actual knowledge of Sprint’s rights at the time they

decided to use the Sprint Marks in connection with their fraudulent scheme. Thus,

Defendants actions were willful and deliberate.


22256722.8 50

200. Defendants’ unfair business practices are of a recurring nature and

harmful to the consumers and the public at large, as well as to Sprint. These

practices constitute unlawful, unfair, fraudulent, and deceptive business practices,

and unfair, deceptive, untrue, and misleading advertising.

201. As a result of Defendants’ acts, Sprint has suffered and continues to

suffer and incur irreparable injury, loss of reputation, and pecuniary damages to be

proved at trial, in excess of the jurisdictional amount-in-controversy requirements of

this Court. Unless enjoined by this Court, Defendants will continue these acts,

thereby causing Sprint further immediate and irreparable damage.

COUNT SIXTEEN

GEORGIA COMPUTER SYSTEMS PROTECTION ACTO.C.G.A. §16-9-93(a), (b), and (e)

202. Sprint reasserts and incorporates the allegations set forth in the

Paragraphs above as though fully set forth herein.

203. The Sprint Phones that are purchased by the Defendants are loaded

with codes that access: (a) Sprint’s national telecommunications computer network

to make and receive wireless voice calls and to transmit data, and (b) Sprint’s



22256722.8 51






consumers on Sprint’s computer networks when in fact, they are not. Because















22256722.8 52








210. Defendants’ activities constitute unauthorized computer access

resulting in damage in violation of Georgia’s Computer Systems Protection Act,

O.C.G.A. § 16-9-93(a), (b), and (e)


212. As a result of the foregoing, Sprint has been damaged. Sprint is

entitled to appropriate relief as requested hereinafter, including injunctive relief,

compensatory and punitive damages, and attorney’s fees.

DEMAND FOR JURY TRIAL

Plaintiffs demand a trial by jury on all triable issues.

WHEREFORE, Plaintiffs, Sprint Nextel Corporation and Sprint

Communications Company, L.P., respectfully request that this Court enter final


22256722.8 53

judgment and permanent injunctive relief in favor of Plaintiffs and against

Defendants, as follows:

(a) awarding Plaintiffs their compensatory, consequential, statutory

and special damages including, without limitation, its lost profits,

Defendants’ profits, loss of goodwill and damage to its reputation,

as well as exemplary damages, together with pre and post

judgment interest, as provided by law;

(b) awarding Plaintiffs their reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs

associated with this action;

(c) granting permanent injunctive relief in favor of Plaintiffs and

against Defendants enjoining Defendants from engaging in the

unlawful practices described in this Complaint; and

(d) requiring Defendants, pursuant to the Lanham Act, to deliver to

Plaintiffs their entire inventory of phones and products bearing or

infringing the Sprint Marks or a confusingly similar copy thereof;

and

(e) granting such further relief as this Court deems just and proper.


22256722.8 54

Submitted this 21st day of August, 2012.

/s/ Gail Podolsky Gail Podolsky Georgia Bar No. 142021 Email: [email protected] CARLTON FIELDS, P.A. One Atlantic Center 1201 West Peachtree Street, Suite 3000 Atlanta, GA 30309 Tel: 404-815-3400 Fax: 404-815-3415

James B. Baldinger Florida Bar No. 869899 Email: [email protected] Stacey K. Sutton Florida Bar No. 289530 Email: [email protected] M. Derek Harris Georgia Bar No. 332804 Email: [email protected] CARLTON FIELDS P.A. CityPlace Tower 525 Okeechobee Boulevard, Suite 1200 West Palm Beach, FL 33401-6350

Attorneys for Sprint Nextel Corporation and Sprint Communications Company, L.P.


Case 1:12-cv-02902-JEC Document 1-1 Filed 08/21/12 Page 1 of 10

EXHIBIT C


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CL > chicago craigslist > all for sale / wanted

all chicago city of chicago north chicagoland west chicagoland south chicagoland northwest indiana northwest suburbs

sort by most recent best match low price high price

Found: 13 Displaying: 1 - 13

Jul 17 - ACEINC BUYING THEM ALL - $999 (BEATING ALL COMPETITION ) cell phones - by owner pic

Jul 17 - Buying all KInds of New Smartphones - $99999 (Paying high Call now at 847-983-8138) cell phones - by owner pic

Jul 17 - ACEINC SMARTPHONE FOR CASH - $99999 (WE BUY WE BUY FOR CASH ) cell phones - by owner pic

Jul 17 - Ace Incorporated Will Give YOU Cash Today!!!!!************************ - (Lincolnwood, IL)electronics - by owner pic

Jul 16 - TOP PAYOUT 4 SAMSUNG-BLCKBERRY-HTC - (DEVON&PULASKI) cell phones - by dealer pic

Jul 15 - ACE INC SAFEST LOCATION IN TOWN!! BRING US ALL YOUR SMARTPHONES! - (DEVON AND PULASKI) cell phones - by owner pic

Jul 14 - *Ace* Will Buy Your SmartPhone For Top Dollar!!!!!!!****************** - (Pulaski and Devon)cell phones - by owner pic

Jul 14 - ****Offering The Best Prices Ace Will Take Care of YOU!!!!!*********** - (Lincolnwood, IL)cell phones - by owner pic

Jul 14 - *******Ace Inc. Will Buy *YOUR* SmartPhone in Any Condition!!!!!!!!!!! - (North Chicago)cell phones - by owner pic

Jul 14 - Top Payouts for all iphone 4s 16GB !! call us now~$$ - (devon and pulaski) cell phones - by owner pic

Jul 14 - BUYING HTC AMAZE 4G !! PAYING CASH ALL DAY EVERYDAY!! - $9000 (DEVON AND PULASKI)antiques - by dealer pic

Jul 12 - >>>>>>>>>>>Ace Incorporated Buying Your New and - (Lincolnwood, IL) cell phones - by dealer pic

Jul 11 - ACE INC. GUARANTEED BEATING AU'S PRICES - (Lincolnwood) cell phones - by dealer pic

sort by most recent best match low price high price

Found: 13 Displaying: 1 - 13

Wed, 18 Jul 08:32:15 [ help ] [ post ]

all for sale: by-owner | by-dealer | bothsearchfor:

in:847-983-8138 �all for sale / wanted title only entire post�� Search

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Copyright © 2012 craigslist, inc. RSS (?)

Page 1 of 1chicago all for sale / wanted classifieds "847-983-8138" - craigslist

http://chicago.craigslist.org/search/?areaID=11&subAreaID=&query=847-983-8138&catAbb=sss


EXHIBIT D


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EXHIBIT E


UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF MICHIGAN

SPRINT NEXTEL CORPORATION,

Plaintiff, v.

IBUY EXPRESS INC., WHOLESALE EXPRESS, INC., ATHIR ORAHA PATTO, NADINE MAWFEK PATTO, KOSAI SALIM SHAMOON, TROY PATRICK HAGGARD, JOSHUA MICHAEL HAGGARD, TAREK HASSAN BAZZI, and WILLIAM LOUIS JOHNSON,

Defendants. ______________________________________

§§§§§ CASE NO.: 2:11-cv-15431-DPH-RSW §§§§§§§§§§

FINAL JUDGMENT AND PERMANENT INJUNCTION

Plaintiff Sprint Nextel Corporation (“Sprint Nextel”), brought the above-captioned

lawsuit against, inter alia, Defendants Wholesale Express, Inc., Kosai Salim Shamoon, and

Tarek Hassan Bazzi (“Defendants”), alleging that Defendants are engaged in an unlawful

enterprise involving the unauthorized and deceptive bulk purchase and resale overseas of

specially-manufactured wireless telephones under the Sprint, Sprint Nextel, Boost Mobile,

payLo, Assurance Wireless, and Virgin Mobile brands, as well as other specially-manufactured

wireless telephones designed for use on Sprint’s wireless service, including the Apple iPhone

(collectively, “Sprint Nextel Phones” or “Sprint Nextel Handsets” or “Phones” or “Handsets”),

the theft of Sprint’s subsidy investment in the Phones, the unlawful access of Sprint’s protected

computer systems and wireless network, the trafficking of Sprint’s protected and confidential

computer passwords, the willful infringement of Sprint’s trademarks, and insurance fraud

(collectively, the “Bulk Handset Trafficking Scheme” or the “Scheme”).

2:11-cv-15431-DPH-RSW Doc # 39 Filed 03/13/12 Pg 1 of 7 Pg ID 672Case 1:12-cv-02902-JEC Document 1-5 Filed 08/21/12 Page 2 of 8

Defendants and their co-conspirators perpetrate the Bulk Handset Trafficking Scheme by

acquiring large quantities of Sprint Nextel Phones from Sprint Nextel and/or Sprint Nextel

authorized dealers, and by soliciting others to purchase Sprint Nextel Phones in large quantities

for the benefit of Defendants. Defendants and their co-conspirators acquire the Sprint Nextel

Phones with the knowledge and intent that the Phones will not be used on the Sprint Nextel

wireless network (as required by the Sprint Nextel contracts); instead, the Phones are trafficked

and the vast majority are resold as new overseas where the Phones are not subsidized by wireless

carriers (as they are in the United States) and where the Phones are not as readily available. In

some cases, Defendants and their co-conspirators acquire the Sprint Nextel Phones with the

knowledge and intent that the Phones will be computer-hacked. The purpose of this hacking,

known as “unlocking,” is to disable software installed in the Phones by the manufacturers at the

request and expense of Sprint Nextel, which enables the activation of the Sprint Nextel Phones

exclusively on Sprint’s wireless system. The purpose of the software is to allow Sprint Nextel to

offer the Phones at a discount to the consumer while protecting Sprint’s subsidy investment in

the Phone. The illegally unlocked Phones are trafficked and resold as new by Defendants and

their co-conspirators, at a premium, under the Sprint trademarks.

Sprint Nextel Phones are sold subject to terms and conditions (“Terms and Conditions”)

which conspicuously restrict and limit the sale and use of the Phones. These Terms and

Conditions are set forth in printed inserts that are packaged with each Phones and are posted on

the Sprint-Nextel website. The Terms and Conditions and language on the packaging constitute

a valid binding contract. Pursuant to the Terms and Conditions, purchasers of Sprint Nextel

Phones agree, among other things: (a) to pay the monthly service charges and other related fees;

(b) to pay an Early Termination Fee (“ETF”) for each line of service that is terminated before the


contract term is concluded; (c) to activate the Sprint Nextel Phones on the Sprint Nextel CDMA

network; (d) not to resell the Sprint Nextel Phones and related products and services; and (e) not

to use the Phones for a purpose that could damage or adversely affect Sprint Nextel.

As a result of Defendants’ involvement in the Bulk Handset Trafficking Scheme, Sprint

Nextel has asserted claims against Defendants for breach of contract, common law unfair

competition, tortious interference with business relationships, civil conspiracy, unjust

enrichment, conspiracy to induce breach of contract, common law fraud, fraudulent

misrepresentation, violations of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, 18 U.S.C. § 1030 et seq.,

federal trademark infringement and false advertising under 15 U.S.C. § 1125(a)(1)(A) and (B),

and contributory trademark infringement. Based on the respective positions advocated by the

parties, and having reviewed the Complaint and file and being otherwise duly and fully advised

in the premises, it is hereby

ORDERED, ADJUDGED and DECREED that:

1. This Court has jurisdiction over all the parties and all of the claims set forth in

Sprint Nextel’s Complaint.

2. The Court finds that Sprint Nextel has the right to use and enforce rights in the

standard character mark Sprint and the stylized Sprint Mark (collectively, the “Sprint Nextel

Marks”), as depicted below:


Sprint Nextel uses the Sprint Nextel Marks on and in connection with its telecommunications

products and services. The Sprint Nextel Marks are valid, distinctive, protectable, famous, have

acquired secondary meaning, and are associated exclusively with Sprint Nextel.

3. The Court finds that the Terms and Conditions and the language in and on the

packaging constitute a valid and binding contract enforceable against Defendants. The Court

finds that (a) failing to pay for monthly service charges; (b) failing to pay ETF fees; (c) failing to

activate the Phones on the Sprint wireless network; (d) reselling the Sprint Nextel Phones and

related products and services; and (e) using the Phones for a purpose that could damage or

adversely affect Sprint, constitute independent breaches of contract for which Sprint Nextel is

entitled to relief.

4. The Court finds that the conduct set forth in the Complaint constitutes violations

of 15 U.S.C. § 1125(a)(1)(A) and (B) (federal trademark infringement and false advertising).

The Court further finds that the conduct also constitutes contributory trademark infringement,

common law unfair competition, tortious interference with business relationships, civil

conspiracy, unjust enrichment, conspiracy to induce breach of contract, common law fraud,

fraudulent misrepresentation, and violations of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, 18 U.S.C. §

1030 et seq., and has caused substantial and irreparable harm to Sprint Nextel, and will continue

to cause substantial and irreparable harm to Sprint Nextel unless enjoined.

5. Sprint Nextel has suffered damages, including loss of goodwill and damage to its

reputation, as a result of Defendants’ conduct. On review and consideration of all relevant

factors, Sprint Nextel is entitled to damages and injunctive relief on the claims as set forth in the

Complaint.


6. Final judgment is hereby entered against Defendant Wholesale Express, Inc., and

in favor of the Plaintiff Sprint Nextel, on all of the claims set forth in Sprint Nextel’s Complaint

in the principal amount of Five Million Dollars and Zero Cents ($5,000,000.00 (U.S.)) and

against Kosai Salim Shamoon and Tarek Hassan Bazzi, jointly and severally, in the principal

amount of Two Million Dollars and Zero Cents ($2,000,000.00 (U.S.)), which shall bear interest

at the legal rate, for which let execution issue forthwith.

7. Defendants and all of their past and present officers, directors, successors,

assigns, parents, subsidiaries, affiliates, related companies, predecessors-in-interest, companies,

agents, employees, heirs, personal representatives, beneficiaries, relatives, and all other persons

or entities acting or purporting to act for them or on their behalf, including but not limited to any

corporation, partnership, proprietorship or entity of any type that is in any way affiliated or

associated with Defendants or Defendants’ representatives, agents, assigns, parent entities,

employees, independent contractors, associates, servants, affiliated entities, and any and all

persons and entities in active concert and participation with Defendants who receive notice of

this Order, shall be and hereby are PERMANENTLY ENJOINED from:

a. purchasing, selling, unlocking, reflashing, altering, advertising, soliciting

and/or shipping, directly or indirectly, any Sprint Nextel Phones;

b. unlocking of any Sprint Nextel Phone;

c. supplying Sprint Nextel Phones to or facilitating or in any way assisting

other persons or entities who Defendants know or should know are

engaged in the purchase or sale of Sprint Nextel Phones or hacking,

altering, erasing, tampering with, deleting or otherwise disabling the

software installed in Sprint Nextel Phones;


d. engaging in any of the conduct described in the Complaint as the “Bulk

Handset Trafficking Scheme;” and

e. supplying Sprint Nextel Phones to or facilitating or in any way assisting

other persons or entities who Defendants know or should know are

engaged in any of the acts prohibited under this Permanent Injunction,

including, without limitation, the buying and/or selling of Sprint Nextel

Phones; and

f. knowingly using the Sprint Nextel Marks or any other trademark, service

mark, trade name and/or trade dress owned or used by Sprint Nextel now

or in the future, or that is likely to cause confusion with Sprint Nextel’s

Marks, without Sprint Nextel’s prior written authorization.

8. The purchase, sale or shipment of any Sprint Nextel Phones without Sprint

Nextel’s prior written consent within and/or outside of the continental United States is and shall

be deemed a presumptive violation of this permanent injunction.

9. The address of Defendant Wholesale Express, Inc. is 32969 Hamilton Court #101,

Farmington Hills, Michigan 48334.

10. The address of Defendant Kosai Salim Shamoon is 5830 Hartford Way, Brighton,

Michigan 48116.

11. The address of Defendant Tarek Hassan Bazzi is 44461 White Pine Cir W,

Northville, MI 48168.

12. The address of Plaintiff Sprint Nextel is 6200 Sprint Pkwy, Overland Park,

Kansas 66251.

13. Defendants waive their right of appeal from the entry of this Final Judgment.


14. The Court retains jurisdiction over this matter and the parties to this action in

order to enforce any violation of the terms of this Permanent Injunction by a finding of contempt

and an order for payment of compensatory damages to Sprint Nextel in an amount of $5,000 for

each Sprint Nextel Handset that a Defendant is found to have purchased, sold or unlocked in

violation of this Injunction. The Court finds that these amounts are compensatory and will serve

to compensate Sprint Nextel for its losses in the event Defendants violate the terms of this Order.

15. The Court hereby finds, pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 54(b), that there is no just

reason for delay and orders that Judgment shall be entered against Defendants as set forth herein.

16. The case shall remain open with respect to the other Defendants, namely iBuy

Express, Inc., Athir Oraha Patto, Nadine Mawfek Patto, Troy Patrick Haggard, and Joshua

Michael Haggard.

DONE AND ORDERED this 13th day of March, 2012.

S/DENISE PAGE HOOD UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE

Copies furnished to:

All Counsel of Record and pro se parties


EXHIBIT F


EXHIBIT G


EXHIBIT H


JS44 (Rev. 04/12 NDGA) CIVIL COVER SHEET The JS44 civil cover sheet and the information contained herein neither replace nor supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, except asprovided by local rules of court. This form is required for the use of the Clerk of Court for the purpose of initiating the civil docket record. (SEE INSTRUCTIONS ATTACHED)

I. (a) PLAINTIFF(S) DEFENDANT(S)

(b) COUNTY OF RESIDENCE OF FIRST LISTED COUNTY OF RESIDENCE OF FIRST LISTED PLAINTIFF DEFENDANT (EXCEPT IN U.S. PLAINTIFF CASES) (IN U.S. PLAINTIFF CASES ONLY)

NOTE: IN LAND CONDEMNATION CASES, USE THE LOCATION OF THE TRACT OF LAND INVOLVED

(c) ATTORNEYS (FIRM NAME, ADDRESS, TELEPHONE NUMBER, AND ATTORNEYS (IF KNOWN)

E-MAIL ADDRESS)

II. BASIS OF JURISDICTION III. CITIZENSHIP OF PRINCIPAL PARTIES (PLACE AN “X” IN ONE BOX ONLY) (PLACE AN “X” IN ONE BOX FOR PLAINTIFF AND ONE BOX FOR DEFENDANT)

(FOR DIVERSITY CASES ONLY)

PLF DEF PLF DEF

1 U.S. GOVERNMENT 3 FEDERAL QUESTION 1 1 CITIZEN OF THIS STATE 4 4 INCORPORATED OR PRINCIPAL PLAINTIFF (U.S. GOVERNMENT NOT A PARTY) PLACE OF BUSINESS IN THIS STATE

2 U.S. GOVERNMENT 4 DIVERSITY 2 2 CITIZEN OF ANOTHER 5 5 INCORPORATED AND PRINCIPAL DEFENDANT (INDICATE CITIZENSHIP OF PARTIES STATE PLACE OF BUSINESS IN ANOTHER

IN ITEM III) STATE3 3 CITIZEN OR SUBJECT OF

` A FOREIGN COUNTRY 6 6 FOREIGN NATION

IV. ORIGIN (PLACE AN “X “IN ONE BOX ONLY)

TRANSFERRED FROM APPEAL TO DISTRICT JUDGE 1 ORIGINAL 2 REMOVED FROM 3 REMANDED FROM 4 REINSTATED OR 5 ANOTHER DISTRICT 6 MULTIDISTRICT 7 FROM MAGISTRATE JUDGE PROCEEDING STATE COURT APPELLATE COURT REOPENED (Specify District) LITIGATION JUDGMENT

V. CAUSE OF ACTION (CITE THE U.S. CIVIL STATUTE UNDER WHICH YOU ARE FILING AND WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE - DO NOT CITE JURISDICTIONAL STATUTES UNLESS DIVERSITY)

(IF COMPLEX, CHECK REASON BELOW)

1. Unusually large number of parties. 6. Problems locating or preserving evidence

2. Unusually large number of claims or defenses. 7. Pending parallel investigations or actions by government.

3. Factual issues are exceptionally complex 8. Multiple use of experts.

4. Greater than normal volume of evidence. 9. Need for discovery outside United States boundaries.

5. Extended discovery period is needed. 10. Existence of highly technical issues and proof.

CONTINUED ON REVERSEFOR OFFICE USE ONLY RECEIPT # AMOUNT $ APPLYING IFP MAG. JUDGE (IFP)

JUDGE MAG. JUDGE NATURE OF SUIT CAUSE OF ACTION (Referral)


SPRINT NEXTEL CORPORATION and SPRINTCOMMUNICATIONS COMPANY, L.P.

COPATRADE, INC., ACE WHOLESALE, INC., JASONFLOAREA, ERIC MANDREGER, DOMINICK LANORE,TONY ARCHIE, JOSE GENEL, BARNEY GUNN, andMOSHE ALEZRA

Johnson DeKalb

Gail Podolsky, Esq.Carlton Fields, P.A.1201 West Peachtree Street, Suite 3000Atlanta, Georgia 30309(404) [email protected]

Plaintiffs' claims under the Lanham (Trademark) Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1051, et. seq , and the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, 18 U.S.C.§ 1030, provide this Court with original jurisdiction

VI. NATURE OF SUIT (PLACE AN “X” IN ONE BOX ONLY)

CONTRACT - "0" MONTHS DISCOVERY TRACK’150 RECOVERY OF OVERPAYMENT & ENFORCEMENT OF JUDGMENT

152 RECOVERY OF DEFAULTED STUDENT LOANS (Excl. Veterans)

153 RECOVERY OF OVERPAYMENT OF VETERAN'S BENEFITS

CONTRACT - "4" MONTHS DISCOVERY TRACK110 INSURANCE

120 MARINE 130 MILLER ACT 140 NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT 151 MEDICARE ACT 160 STOCKHOLDERS' SUITS 190 OTHER CONTRACT 195 CONTRACT PRODUCT LIABILITY 196 FRANCHISE

REAL PROPERTY - "4" MONTHS DISCOVERYTRACK

210 LAND CONDEMNATION 220 FORECLOSURE 230 RENT LEASE & EJECTMENT 240 TORTS TO LAND 245 TORT PRODUCT LIABILITY 290 ALL OTHER REAL PROPERTY

TORTS - PERSONAL INJURY - "4" MONTHSDISCOVERY TRACK

310 AIRPLANE 315 AIRPLANE PRODUCT LIABILITY 320 ASSAULT, LIBEL & SLANDER 330 FEDERAL EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY 340 MARINE 345 MARINE PRODUCT LIABILITY 350 MOTOR VEHICLE 355 MOTOR VEHICLE PRODUCT LIABILITY 360 OTHER PERSONAL INJURY

362 PERSONAL INJURY - MEDICAL MALPRACTICE

365 PERSONAL INJURY - PRODUCT LIABILITY 367 PERSONAL INJURY - HEALTH CARE/

PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCT LIABILITY368 ASBESTOS PERSONAL INJURY PRODUCT

LIABILITY

TORTS - PERSONAL PROPERTY - "4" MONTHSDISCOVERY TRACK

370 OTHER FRAUD371 TRUTH IN LENDING380 OTHER PERSONAL PROPERTY DAMAGE 385 PROPERTY DAMAGE PRODUCT LIABILITY

BANKRUPTCY - "0" MONTHS DISCOVERY TRACK422 APPEAL 28 USC 158

423 WITHDRAWAL 28 USC 157

CIVIL RIGHTS - "4" MONTHS DISCOVERY TRACK441 VOTING

442 EMPLOYMENT 443 HOUSING/ ACCOMMODATIONS 444 WELFARE 440 OTHER CIVIL RIGHTS 445 AMERICANS with DISABILITIES - Employment 446 AMERICANS with DISABILITIES - Other

448 EDUCATION

IMMIGRATION - "0" MONTHS DISCOVERY TRACK462 NATURALIZATION APPLICATION463 HABEAS CORPUS- Alien Detainee465 OTHER IMMIGRATION ACTIONS

PRISONER PETITIONS - "0" MONTHS DISCOVERYTRACK

510 MOTIONS TO VACATE SENTENCE530 HABEAS CORPUS535 HABEAS CORPUS DEATH PENALTY540 MANDAMUS & OTHER550 CIVIL RIGHTS - Filed Pro se555 PRISON CONDITION(S) - Filed Pro se560 CIVIL DETAINEE: CONDITIONS OF CONFINEMENT

PRISONER PETITIONS - "4" MONTHS DISCOVERYTRACK

550 CIVIL RIGHTS - Filed by Counsel555 PRISON CONDITION(S) - Filed by Counsel

FORFEITURE/PENALTY - "4" MONTHS DISCOVERYTRACK

625 DRUG RELATED SEIZURE OF PROPERTY 21 USC 881690 OTHER

LABOR - "4" MONTHS DISCOVERY TRACK710 FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT720 LABOR/MGMT. RELATIONS740 RAILWAY LABOR ACT751 FAMILY and MEDICAL LEAVE ACT790 OTHER LABOR LITIGATION791 EMPL. RET. INC. SECURITY ACT

PROPERTY RIGHTS - "4" MONTHS DISCOVERYTRACK

820 COPYRIGHTS840 TRADEMARK

PROPERTY RIGHTS - "8" MONTHS DISCOVERYTRACK

830 PATENT

SOCIAL SECURITY - "0" MONTHS DISCOVERYTRACK

861 HIA (1395ff)862 BLACK LUNG (923)863 DIWC (405(g))863 DIWW (405(g))864 SSID TITLE XVI865 RSI (405(g))

FEDERAL TAX SUITS - "4" MONTHS DISCOVERYTRACK

870 TAXES (U.S. Plaintiff or Defendant)871 IRS - THIRD PARTY 26 USC 7609

OTHER STATUTES - "4" MONTHS DISCOVERYTRACK

375 FALSE CLAIMS ACT400 STATE REAPPORTIONMENT430 BANKS AND BANKING450 COMMERCE/ICC RATES/ETC.460 DEPORTATION470 RACKETEER INFLUENCED AND CORRUPT

ORGANIZATIONS480 CONSUMER CREDIT490 CABLE/SATELLITE TV891 AGRICULTURAL ACTS893 ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS895 FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT950 CONSTITUTIONALITY OF STATE STATUTES890 OTHER STATUTORY ACTIONS899 ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES ACT /

REVIEW OR APPEAL OF AGENCY DECISION

OTHER STATUTES - "8" MONTHS DISCOVERYTRACK

410 ANTITRUST850 SECURITIES / COMMODITIES / EXCHANGE

OTHER STATUTES - “0" MONTHS DISCOVERYTRACK 896 ARBITRATION (Confirm / Vacate / Order / Modify)

* PLEASE NOTE DISCOVERY TRACK FOR EACH CASE TYPE. SEE LOCAL RULE 26.3

VII. REQUESTED IN COMPLAINT: CHECK IF CLASS ACTION UNDER F.R.Civ.P. 23 DEMAND $_____________________________ JURY DEMAND YES NO (CHECK YES ONLY IF DEMANDED IN COMPLAINT) VIII. RELATED/REFILED CASE(S) IF ANY JUDGE_______________________________ DOCKET NO._______________________ CIVIL CASES ARE DEEMED RELATED IF THE PENDING CASE INVOLVES: (CHECK APPROPRIATE BOX)

1. PROPERTY INCLUDED IN AN EARLIER NUMBERED PENDING SUIT.2. SAME ISSUE OF FACT OR ARISES OUT OF THE SAME EVENT OR TRANSACTION INCLUDED IN AN EARLIER NUMBERED PENDING SUIT.3. VALIDITY OR INFRINGEMENT OF THE SAME PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR TRADEMARK INCLUDED IN AN EARLIER NUMBERED PENDING SUIT.4. APPEALS ARISING OUT OF THE SAME BANKRUPTCY CASE AND ANY CASE RELATED THERETO WHICH HAVE BEEN DECIDED BY THE SAME

BANKRUPTCY JUDGE.5. REPETITIVE CASES FILED BY PRO SE LITIGANTS.6. COMPANION OR RELATED CASE TO CASE(S) BEING SIMULTANEOUSLY FILED (INCLUDE ABBREVIATED STYLE OF OTHER CASE(S)):

7. EITHER SAME OR ALL OF THE PARTIES AND ISSUES IN THIS CASE WERE PREVIOUSLY INVOLVED IN CASE NO. , WHICH WASDISMISSED. This case IS IS NOT (check one box) SUBSTANTIALLY THE SAME CASE.

SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY OF RECORD DATE


■

/s/ Gail Podolsky 08/21/2012

united states district court for the northern...

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