unit ten inventions the second two periods

Unit Ten Inventions Unit Ten Inventions

The Second Two PeriodsThe Second Two Periods

Designed by Sun Yanmin

• Master the key words and structures.• Be able to understand the importance o

f the invention of LED and the significance of this invention to our life.

Teaching Objective

• base on • be made up of • by contrast • be about to do • be worth doing • translating long sentences; • recognizing three kinds of parag

raphs

Key Points

• Lead in Activity• Study of the Text• Study of Words and Phrases• Study of the Translation

Skills• Study of the Writing

Guidance• Study of Read More• Study of Practical Reading• Study of Practical Writing

Teaching Procedures

Lead In

1. Thomas Edison2. Shuji Nakamura

3. Nichia Chemicals4. Shikoku

5. Topic-related Words and Phrases

Unit Ten InventionsUnit Ten Inventions

Thomas Edison

Born in 1847, Thomas Alva Edison was both a scientist and an inventor. He would see tremendous change take place in his lifetime. His inventions included night lights, movies, telephones, records and CDs. In his lifetime, Edison patented 1,093 inventions, earning him the nickname “The Wizard of Menlo Park.” He believed in hard work and said “Genius is one percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration.”


Shuji Nakamura Shuji Nakamura is the creator of blue, green and white LEDs and blue lasers. He grew up on the southern island of Shikoku, Japan and received his degree from the University of Tokushima, Japan. Known for his technological wizardry with semi-conducting gallium nitrides


Nichia Chemicals

Nichia Chemical Industries Ltd. is the world’s leading manufacturer of GaN-based blue, green, and white LEDs and phosphors for lighting and CRTs. This company was founded in 1956 by Nobuo Ogawa to develop fluorescent lamp phosphors. The company has gained worldwide recognition for Dr. Shuji Nakamura’s achievements of bright blue, green and white LEDs and more recently, long life CW blue laser diodes.


Shikoku


Shikoku is the smallest of Japan’s four main islands and perhaps its least visited. But it does have something to offer, such as the Awa Odori festival, Matsuyama Castle, a beautiful coastline and the best noodles in Japan. It is famous for the 100,000 or so O-henro-san (pilgrims), dressed in white, who visit 88 temples on the island in a set order each year. The pilgrimage was originated by the Buddhist priest Kukai, considered the father of Japanese culture.


The island is made up of four

prefectures, Ehime, Kochi, Kagawa and

Tokushima. The region was not very

developed until the construction of

several bridges to connect Shikoku with

the mainland of Honshu. From Tokyo by

air, it takes about 1 hour and 10 minutes

to Takamatsu or Tokushima, or an extra

20 minutes to Matsuyama. There are

also many ferry routes between Shikoku,

Honshu and Kyushu.


Topic-related Words and Phrasesautomation n.

the conversion of a workplace to one that replaces or minimizes human labor with mechanical or electronic machines or processes 自动化

production line:a sequence of machines or processes in a factory through which the products pass until they are fully assembled 生产线


specification n.

a detailed description of how something should be done, made, etc. 规格 spectrum n.

the set of colors into which a beam of light can be separated, or a range of waves, such as light waves or radio waves 光谱


Text study1. Global reading

2. Detailed reading


• Global reading

1. Questions and answers

2. Text analysis


Questions and AnswersParagraph 1:

Question: What is the basic idea of a light bulb?

The basic idea of a light bulb is to heat a very thin wire with electricity until it glows brightly.


Paragraph 2:

Question: What is the major difference between the LED and the light bulb?

The LED converts electricity into light without heating up.

Paragraph 3:

Question: Why did the author mention about the blue LED?

Because without a bright blue LED, it was impossible to make white light.


Paragraph 4:

Question:What made the scientists around the world surprised?

The discovery of the blue LED was made by a young Japanese researcher.

Paragraph 5:

Question:Why did the author mention the chemical compound gallium nitride?It was commonly thought as an

impossible solution to a blue LED.


Paragraph 6:

Why did the author say Nakamura was very fortunate? Because he not only received financial support from his boss but also benefited from the research of another scientist, which made it easier to develop a blue LED from gallium nitride.


Paragraph 7:

What did the author say about the future of the LED?

The author said that the LED would surely take the place of the common light bulb when the prices come down.


Text analysis

para

Main ideas

1-2

3-4

5-6

7-8

The light bulb is a good technology that was thought almost impossible to improve.Development of the LED: it is a smaller, more endurable and highly energy efficient electronic device that can convert electricity into light. Competition in discovering the LED: scientists all over the world were competing to make a blue LED.Final discovery of the LED: to everybody’s amazement, the discovery of the first blue LED was made by a young Japanese researcher.


• modify v. 1) change something such as a plan,

opinion, law or way of behavior slightly, usually to improve it or make it moreacceptable 修改，使易接受eg. Instead of simply punishing them, the

system encourages offenders to modify their behavior.

2) limit the sense of 修饰

eg In the sentence “She ran quickly,” the adverb “quickly” modifies the verb “ran.”


modify3) be hot or red from exercising 发热

eg,.When we got back from our walk in the snow, my whole body was glowing.

2. n. 1) when something produces a

continuous light and/or heat


• device n.• 1) an object or machine which has

been invented to fulfill aparticular purpose 设备；仪器；器件

Eg. Rescuers used a special device for finding people trapped in collapsed buildings.2) a method which is used to produce a desired effect 方法，谋略，策略

Her cool manner is just a device to avoid having to talk to people.


convert 1. v. (cause sth. or sb. to) change in form, character or opinion

转变；变换Eg. Could we convert the small bedroom into a second bathroom?I used not to like exercise, but my sister has converted me (to it ).

2. n. someone who changes their beliefs, habits, or way of living 改变信仰、党派或意见等

a convert to vegetarianism/whole meal bread


• consume v.• 1) use fuel, energy or time, especially

in large amounts

Eg. Our high living standards cause our present population to consume 25 percent of the world's oil.

2) (formal) eat or drink, especially a lot of something 消耗，大吃大喝

Eg. He consumes vast quantities of chips with every meal.


• standard 1. adj.• 1) usual rather than special,

especially when thought of asbeing correct or acceptable 标准的Eg. These are standard procedures for h

andling radioactive waste.

2) Language described as standard is the form of that language which is considered acceptable and correct by most educated users of it. ( 用来衡量重量和纯度的 ) 标准的，基准的Eg. Most announcers on the BBC speak standard English.


Assignments Read the text again and again Learn the words and phrases by your

heart after class, next time we’ll have a dictation.

Do ex. 2, 3, 4-Model 3, 6.

unit ten inventions the second two periods

Documents

inventions shikokuunit

inventions thomas edisonborn

inventions topicrelated

inventions specification

assembled unit

white leds

creator of blue

blue lasers