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Unit OneUnit One

– – Introduction to Laboratory Introduction to Laboratory Animal CareAnimal Care

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Chapter oneThe Field of Laboratory Animal Science

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Laboratory Animal Science Care of laboratory animals husbandry nutrition behavior health production management

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Laboratory Medicine diagnosis, treatment and prevention of

laboratory animal disease veterinary specialty

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Role of Technician eyes, ears, hands of the

team that provides information from the animals to the investigator.

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Laboratory Animal Science recognized field in late 1940’s animals used in experimentation

Aristotle 2nd century Rome advances into early 20th century

1915- Simon Brimhall (first laboratory animal veterinarian)

1950’s- humane awareness of animals in research, more government funding, public concern

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Animal Care Panel Group of Veterinarians Lead by Dr. Nathan Brewer 1950 Goal to create a national organization

professionally concerned with the production , care, and study of laboratory animals.

Animal Care Panel Basic philosophy: Those who use animals for

research have a moral obligation to provide for their needs and ensure their welfare.

Defined good husbandry practices Defined medical care needs became American Association for Laboratory

Animal Science (AALAS) in 1967

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AALAS

National organization dedicated to the humane care and treatment of lab animals

two journals Journal of AALAS Comparative Medicine

certifies technicians promotes education Annual meetings

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Other Associations AAALAC

Association for the Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care, International

Formed in 1965 voluntary site evaluations and accreditation high standards WIL is accredited

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Other Associations National Association for Biomedical

Research (NABR) Incurably Ill for Animal Research (iiFAR)

American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) 2000 Report of the AVMA Panel on Euthanasia veterinarians

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More…... American College of Laboratory Animal

Medicine (ACLAM) board certified veterinarians (called

Diplomats) Specialize in Lab animal medicine,

completion of examination, etc.

Animal Models Similar processes

Nervous system development – zebrafish Brain development – monkeys Heart – pig

Many medical and surgical advances

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Differing views People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals

(PETA) Stop Huntington Animal Cruelty USA

opposed to the use of animals in research Distribute pamphlets demonstrations

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Principle investigator/study director Co-investigators and Research Technicians Technicians Veterinarian Commercial vendors

Research team

Principal Investigator PI, Study director Plans and coordinates all phases of the

research work Develops the Protocol Reports findings

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Co-investigators and Research technicians

Observing the experimental animals Performing laboratory tests Collect, organize, and analyze the data Can be animal technicians

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Laboratory Animal Veterinarians Coordinate animal care activities Advises investigators on proper animal model

selection Overall maintenance of animal colony health Assure compliance with various regulations

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Laboratory Animal Technicians

reduce variables environment, handling, etc

provide consistent and thorough animal care first to recognize and report potential animal

problems should have general knowledge of regulations

concerning animal use in research

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Roles continued... keep accurate records

accurate, legible Willing to learn about the animals in their

care Follow SOPs always ask if in DOUBT!

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Certifications Through AALAS Assistant Laboratory Animal Technician

(ALAT) Laboratory Animal Technician (LAT) Laboratory Animal Technologist (LATG)

ALATs should be able to: Handle routine husbandry tasks – watering,

feeding, bedding changes Perform sterilization and sanitation

procedures Observe and report environmental changes Handle, restrain, and determine sex of

common lab animals

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Cont' Use a variety of methods of animal

identification Recordkeeping Recognize common signs of illness, note

changes in eating, behavior, stool or urine Provide routine treatments, such as

administering medications or clipping overgrown toenails

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