unit of siddha medicine - dictionary of medicinal plants · 2020. 6. 16. · this book presents the...

Dictionary of Medicinal Plants -

Scientific Names, Family and Selected

Vernacular (English, Sinhala, Sanskrit

and Tamil) Names

Dictionary of Medicinal Plants



and Tamil) Names

Dictionary of Medicinal Plants



and Tamil) Names

India . United Kingdom

Dictionary of Medicinal Plants -


Author(s)

Sri Ranjani Sivapalan1 and Vinotha Sanmugarajah1* 1University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. *Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected];

FIRST EDITION 2019

ISBN 978-93-89246-90-2 (Print)

ISBN 978-93-89246-91-9 (eBook)

DOI: 10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-89246-90-2

_________________________________________________________________________________ © Copyright 2019 The Author(s), Licensee Book Publisher International, This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Contents

Dedication i

Preface ii

INTRODUCTION 1

Botanical Names

Ab – Az 2-13

Ba – Bu 13-16 Ca – Cy 16-34

Da – Du 34-37

Ec – Ex 37-41

Fa – Fr 41-43

Ga – Gy 43-45

Ha – Hy 45-49

Ic – Ix 49-52

Ja – Ju 52-53

Ka – Ky 53

La – Ly 53-56

Ma – My 56-61

Ne – Ny 61-62

Oc – Os 62-63

Pa – Pu 63-67

Ra – Ru 67-68

Sa – Sy 68-73

Ta – Tr 73-74

Ur – Ut 75

Va – Vi 75-76

Wa – Wr 76-77

Xa – Xy 77-78

Za – Zo 78

REFERENCES 79-82

i

DEDICATION

This book is dedicated to our beloved Bhagawan Sri Sathiya Sai Baba's divine lotus feet.

ii

Preface

Any plants which provide health promoting characteristics, temporary relief or curative properties are known as Medicinal plants. The history of medicinal plant use for treating diseases is probably dates back to the beginning of human civilization. Medicinal plants are used by different nations to increase the immune system, relief pain and cure or provide relief from ailments. They serve as important therapeutic agent and valuable raw material for manufacturing numerous traditional and modern medicine. In many developing countries, traditional medicine is still the backbone of health-care. Even in developed countries, the raw materials for manufacturing essential drugs are extracted from medicinal plants, using its natural properties of healing. Increasingly, more people are turning to herbal remedies, especially for treating minor ailments. This book presents the Scientific name, Family name, English name, Sinhala name, Sanskrit name, & Tamil name of total 906 medicinal plants. Many of the medicinal plants are found in Sri Lanka, some of the plants are patented from other part of the world. There is no minimal knowledge required to read this book. Anyhow it is useful for academics, scientists, professionals, clinicians, pharmacist, and researchers. It serves as a quick reference to the names of difference languages of medicinal plants. Further to that, this is beneficial to the students, who study Traditional medicine, Ethno-Pharmacological, Ethno-Botanical, Ethno-Medical, Ethno-Veterinary and Taxonomical education. Authors sincerely hope that this book will be valuable to the people interested in medicinal plants, especially in developing world.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka.

*Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected];

Print ISBN: 978-93-89246-90-2, eBook ISBN: 978-93-89246-91-9

Dictionary of Medicinal Plants - Scientific Names, Family and Selected Vernacular (English, Sinhala, Sanskrit and Tamil) Names Sri Ranjani Sivapalan1 and Vinotha Sanmugarajah1* DOI:10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-89246-90-2

INTRODUCTION Medicinal plants have been known for centuries and are highly valued all over the world as a rich source of therapeutic agents of medicinal plants for public health care in developing nations [65]. Even today, the WHO estimates that up to 80 percent of the world population still relies mainly on traditional remedies such as herbs for their primary health care [13]. Ahmed et al. mentioned that according to a survey conducted by W.H.O., traditional healers treat 65% patients in Sri Lanka and 80% in India [3]. According to the WHO, around 21,000 plant species have the potential for being used as medicinal plants. Different ethnic and different language speaking peoples are living in Asian countries. Plants are commonly known by their local names in every part of the world. These local names play a very important role in ethno-botanical study of a specific tribe or region. Local names given to plants by indigenous people in their local dialects often reflect a broad spectrum of information on their understanding of plants. Most often, the local names are given based on some salient features, e.g. appearance, shape, size, habit, habitat, smell, taste, colour, utility, and other peculiar character, etc. of the plants [15]. These practical, meaningful, easily understandable and rememberable local names are disappearing rapidly along with the culture and tradition of the tribal group of Asian countries. As a preliminary step for documentation purpose, Authors were planned to publish this Dictionary of Medicinal Plants with 906 Medicinal plants, its Scientific names, family and common vernacular (English, Sinhala, Sanskrit and Tamil) Names. _________________________________________________________________________________ © Copyright 2019 The Author(s), Licensee Book Publisher International, This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka.

*Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected];

Print ISBN: 978-93-89246-90-2, eBook ISBN: 978-93-89246-91-9

Dictionary of Medicinal Plants- Scientific Names, Family and Selected Vernacular (English, Sinhala, Sanskrit and Tamil) Names

Sri Ranjani Sivapalan1 and Vinotha Sanmugarajah1* DOI:10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-89246-90-2

No Scientific Name/s Family Name/s English Name/s Sinhala Name/s Sanskrit Name/s Tamil Name/s

1. Abelmoschus esculentus, B.N

Malvaceae Ladie’s Finger, Edible Hibiscus, Okra, Ockro

Bandakka Pitali Vendai, Vendaikkay, Vendi

2. Abelmoschus moschatus, Moench.

Hibiscus abelmoschus L.

Malvaceae

Musk-mallo Kapukinissa Latakasturika, Gandapura, Zataksturika

Varttilai kasturi, Kattuk-kasturi; Kasturivendaik-kay-virai

3. Abies webbina Lindl

Coniferae Himalayan silver fir

Talishapatra Talishapatra, talispatra, talis, patradhya

Talisapatri

4. Abroma augusta, Linn

Sterculiaceæ Devil's cotton Ulatkambal Pishaacha Kaarpaasa, Pivari

Sivapputtutti

5. Abrus melanosperma, Hassk.

Leguminosae Papilionoideae

Licorice-root Ela olinda - -

6. Abrus precatorius,

Linn Fabaceae Wild liquorice,

Jequirity, Crab’s eyes, Jamaica

Olinda Raktika kakachinchi, Gunja

Kunri,

Adisamiyai, Gundumani, Kunthamani


3


7. Abutilon indicum, G.Don

Malvaceae/ Fabaceae

Chinese bellflower, Indian mallow, country mallow

Beheth Anoda, Wal Anoda, Anona, Anodagaha

Athibala, Kankatika, Balika

Thuththi, Tutti, Peruntutti, Nallatutti

8. Acacia senegal (L.) Willd.

Mimosaceae/ Fabaceae

Three thorn acacia, Gum-arabic, Gum-arabic-tree

Sneta khadira Śvetakhadira, Sneta khadira, Shvetakhadira

-

9. Acacia arabica, Willd.


Babul tree, Indian gum-arabic tree

Baabulu Babbula, Vabbula, Vabboola, Barbara

Karuval, Karuvelum

10. Acacia caesia (L) Willd.


Black catechu, Wallflower, Twisted Acacia

Hingurupatta vel, Hingurupaththa vael

Nikunjika Indu, Vellintu, Inkakkai, Intu,

11. Acacia catechu, Willd.


Cutch tree, Catechu, Black catechu

Rat kihiriya, Ratkihiri

Khadira Karunkali, Voadalam, Karan-galli

12. Acacia concinna, DC.


Sappan, Soap pod Chikakai, Saptala, Phenila Bahuphenarasa, Charmakasa

Sheeyakay, Seekai

13. Acacia farnesiana, Willd.


Cassia flower, Fragrant acacia, Ironwood

Seenidda Arimaedah Pikkaruvil, Kasthurivel, Pavalam

14. Acacia ferruginea, DC


Safed Khair Ela Kihiriya Brahmashalya, Shvetasara, Somavrikasha

Velvelam

15. Acacia intsia, Willd Mimosaceae/ Fabaceae

Black catechu Hinguru wel Atavimadhuka, Nikunjika Atavimadhukavriksh, Madhudrumah, Atavimadhukavrikshah,

Iluppai, Kattiluppai, Untupatakkoti, Ampavakkoti

16. Acacia jacquemontii, Benth


Brigalow - Madhuka-vrikshaha, Madooka

Illupai, Iluppai, Iruppai, Seyilam, Kulisam, Kuligam, Madugam, Maduragam, Mavagam, Nattiluppai, Nattu iluppai, Tittinam


4


17. Acacia leucophloea, Willd.


White barked acacia

Katu keena, Katu kihiri

Arimedah, Shwet barhura, Shveta-barbura

Velvelam, Sarai

18. Acacia modesta, Wall

Mimosaceae/ Leguminoseae/ Fabaceae

Amritsar-Gum, Black sally, Blackwood, Phulai

- Paloz, Pulahi -

19. Acacia nilotica, Willd.


Indian gum Arabic tree

Katu kihiri Babbula,Varvrurha Tiritapicam , Karuvelam, Kathira-maram

20. Acacia pennata, Willd


Climbing wattle, Bala

Hinguru Silikhadira Kattusikai, Indu

21. Acacia speciosa Linn


Sirissa tree - Shveta barbura, Arimeda, Shirish, Sahasraki, Pruthushrangai

Chireedam

22. Acacia tomentosa, Willd.


Black piquant Ali katu, Thoua keo

Babula, Pitapushpa, Sukshmapatra

Aani mulla

23. Acalypha fruticosa, Forsk

Euphorbiaceae Birch-leaved acalypha

- - Sinnimaram, Siru sinni

24. Acalypha hispida, Burm

Euphorbiaceae Red Hot Cat’s Tail, Chenille plant

- - Vattattali

25. Acalypha indica, Linn.

Euphorbiaceae Indian Acalypha Kuppamenia, Kupa menya

Haritamanjari, Arittamanjarie

Kuppaimeni, Kuppivaeni

26. Acalypha paniculata, Miqul

Euphorbiaceae

Davudu - - -

27. Acanthospermum hispidum, DC

Asteraceae Compositae

Bristly Starbur, Goat´s-Head, Hispid Greenstripe

Kaliya, Kalu keale, Gaskeala.

- Kombumul, Mullu chedi

28. Acanthus illcifolius, Linn.

Acanthaceae Holly Mangrove, Sea Holly, Holy leveled Acanthus

Katu Ikili, Vael Ikiri

Harikusa, Harikasa

Kazhuthai Mulli, Kalutaamul

29. Acer pictum, Thunb Aceraceae/ Sapindaceae

- Kos, Herali - Pelaka

30. Achillea millefolium, Linn

Compositae/ Asteraceae

Bloodwort, Yarrow Tea

- Rajamari Achchilliya


5


31. Achras sapota, Linn Sapotaceae/ Sapindaceae

Sapota, Sapodilla plum

Sapodilla, Rata-mi

Sapota, Chikoo Seemai-iluppai

32. Achyranthes aspera, Linn.

Amaranthaceae Rough chaff tree Karal Heba, Kinihi Apamarga, Aghata, Khara-manjar

Nayuruvi, Shiry kadaladi

33. Aconitum balfourii, Stapf

Ranunculaceae Black Aconitum Vatsanabha Vatsanabha

Vatsanabhi

34. Aconitum chasmanthum, Staphf

Ranunculaceae India napellus Vatsanabh Amrta, mohri Vasannavi

35. Aconitum deinorrhizum, Stapf

Ranunculaceae Aconite Vatsnabha Vatsanabha Vatsanabhi

36. Aconitum falconeri, Stapf

Ranunculaceae Aconite, Monk’s Hood, Bikh, Meetha-tellia

- - -

37. Aconitum ferox, Wall

Ranunculaceae Monkshood, Indian aconite, Wolf's bane

- Amrta, Ativisa, Garala, Kshveda, Visam, Ugra, Prativisa, Visha Vatsanabha, Vatsanabha,

Karu-napi, Navi, Vasha-navi, Paccai navi, Vacanapi, Vitam, Vishamavi

38. Aconitum heterophyllum, Wall

Ranunculaceae Indian atees Aconitum, Asian monkshood, Atis root.

Atividaya Ativisha, Shrungi, Sitashringi, Bhanupittadivallabha, Shwetvaca, Bhangura, Virupa, Pankura, Upavishaka

Atividayam, Akuculapu, Alakavetam, Alecuveppam,

39. Aconitum laciniatum, Stapf

Ranunculaceae Kalobikhmo - Haramala

-

40. Aconitum palmatum, Don

Ranunculaceae Crowfoot - Athivisha, Bikhma, Prativisha

Vellai athividayam

41. Aconitum spicatum, Stapf

Ranunculaceae Nepal aconite, Aconite

- Batsnabh -

42. Acorus calamus Aroideae Sweet flag Wadakaha, Vad(h)akaha

Vacha, Sadgrantha, Sadgranthagolomi, Ugragranthi

Vashambu


6


43. Acronychia laurifolia, Blume

Rutaceae

Claw flowered laurel

Ankenda, Akenda - Mutta-nari.

44. Acronychia pedunculata, (L.) Miq

Rutaceae

Acronychia Ankenda Gandha rusa Mutta nari, Vidukanalei

45. Actaea racemosa, (Nutt.) L

Ranunculaceae black cohosh, black bugbane/ black snakeroot/ fairy candle

- - -

46. Actaea spicata, Linn Ranunculaceae Bane berry Maalu miris - Kari milakaay

47. Actinodaphne hookeri, Meissn

Laurineae/ Lauraceae

Pisa - - Tali

48. Actinopteris dichotoma, Bedd

Actinopteridaceae

Asplenieae

Peacock's tail - Mayoorasikha Mayilatumsikhai,

Mayircikai

49. Adansonia digitata, Linn.

Bombacaceae

Malvaceae

Boabab, Monkey-bread tree

Aliya gaha, Kauthimbul

Goraxi, Baobab, Gorakh-chinch

Papparappuli, Pepper-appuli, Anaipuliyama-ram

50. Adenanthera pavonina, Linn.

Leguminosae Red bead tree Madatiya, Madhatiya,

Kusandana, Kamboji Tilam, Manjadi, Anegundumani

51. Adhatoda vasica, Nees

Acanthaceae Malabar nut Agaladara, Agalaadaara, Adathoda

Vrasa, Vasaka, Sinhaparni,

Vansa, Vrisha Sinhamukhi, Adarushah

Atatotai, Adadodai, Adhatodai

52. Adiantum capillus-veneris, Linn

Pteridaceae

Maidenhair Fern, Venus hair fern

Walawenna -

-

53. Adiantum capillus-veneris, Linn & Bedd.

Polypodiaceae Mainden heir fern Vaelvaenna, Walwenna, Walawenna

Parna, Brahmadani, Hansraj

Mayirsikki

54. Adiantum caudatum, Linn

Polypodiaceae Tailed maidenhair - Mayurshikha, Mayurashikha, Madhuchchada

Mayorshikha

55. Adiantum pedatum, Linn

Pteridaceae, Polypodiaceae

Northern maidenhair fern

- - -


7


56. Adiantum philippense Linn/ lunulatum, Burm

Polypodiaceae Maiden-hair fern - Hamsaraja, Vishvagandhi, Tripadi, Hansapadi,

-

57. Adiantum venustum, Don

Polypodiaceae Himalayan Maidenhair Fern

Hin-Garadiya Hansaraj, Hanspadi, Hansraj

-

58. Adina cordifolia Benth & Hook

Rubiaceae Yellow teak Kolon, Kolong Dharakadamba, Haridruka, Pitadaru, Kadambak, Pitkashtha

Mancal -kadampu, Kadambai

59. Adonis oestivalis, Linn

Ranunculaceae Pheasant's eye Gotu kola - -

60. Aegiceras corniculatum, XuM.

Myrsinaceae River Mangrove Heen kadol - Vithilikanna, Narikandam

61. Aegle marmelos, Corr

Rutaceae Bael fruit, Bengal quince

Beli Bilvam, Bilva, Sriphal, Śalātu

Kuvilam, Bilvam, Vilva, Vilvam-pazham

62. Aerva lanata, Juss. Amaranthaceae - Polpala Astmabayda Cirupilai, Poolai

63. Aesculus hippocastanum, Linn

Sapindaceae, Hippocastanaceae

Horse-chestnut - - -

64. Aganosma caryophyllata, G.Don

Apocynaceae - - Malati Malati

65. Agaricus campestris, Linn

Agaricaceae Meadow Mushroom

- Chhattri Kalan

66. Agati grandiflora, Desv

Faboideae / Leguminosae / Papilionaceae

Agati Sesban Katura murunga Agasti, Agastya, Vaka Akatthi, Akatti, Agatti, Athi, Argati

67. Agave americana / cantala Linn

Amaryllidaceae, Agavaceae

American aloe Agave Kantala Aanai katraalai, Anai-kattalyi, Anekatalai

68. Agave vera-cruz, Miller.

Amaryllideae Appa grass Agave Century plant

Pathok-hana Kantala Alagai

69. Agave vivipara, Linn Agavaceae narrow-leaved century plant

- Kantala -


8


70. Ageratum conyzoides, Linn.

Asteraceae Goat weed, White weed, Appa grass

Hulantala- Vishamushti Appakkoti

71. Aglaia roxburghiana, Miq

Meliaceae Alexandrian Laurel Puwangu, Puvangu Priyangu Cokkalai, Kannikkompu

72. Agrimonia eupatorium, Linn

Rosaceae Agrimony, Sticklewort, Cockle Burr

- - -

73. Agropyron repens, (L.) Beauv.

Poaceae Graminae

Quackgrass, Dog grass, Couch grass, Quitch, Twitch

- Durva -

74. Agrostistachys indica, Dalzell.

Euphorbiaceae - Beru - Mancharei

75. Ailanthus glandulosa, Desf

Simaroubaceae/ Limarubeae

Tree of heaven Munamal Arlu Makulai

76. Ailantus excelsa, Roxb

Simaroubaceae Tree of Heaven, Indian tree of heaven

- Mahanimba, Atarusha, Aralu, Madala Aralu

Perumaruttu

77. Ailantus malabarica, DC

Xanthoxylaceae White bean - Mahanimba Pishachavraksa

Perumaram

78. Alangium lamarckii, Dwarka.

Cornaceae Sage-leaved alangium

Ruk-Angunal Akola, Ankollaka, Ankota Dhalakura, Shoedhanam

Ankolum, Alangi, Atikoevam

79. Alangium salviifolium, (L.f.) Wangerin

Cornaceae Sage Dog wood, Sage-leaf Alangium

Ruk-Anguna Ankol Alincil, Sainkolam, Ankolam, Arinjl, Allandi

80. Albizia amara, Roxb.

Mimosaceae Oil cake tree Iha Krishna srirsh Vunja, Thuringi

81. Allium ascalonicum, Linn.

Liliaceae Red onions, Shallot

Rathuloonu Lasun rasona Bombay vengayam

82. Allium cepa, Linn. Liliaceae Onion Loonu Durgandha, Palandu Vengayam, Irulli

83. Allium sativum, Linn.

Liliaceae Garlic Suduloonu Lasuna, Ugragandha, Mahusudha, Rasonam

Vellulli, Vellapundu; Ulli poondu,


9


84. Allophylus serratus, Radlk

Sapindaceae Tit berry Kobbe, kobbae Triputa Amalai

85. Alocasia indica, Schott.

Araceae Aroideae

Great-leaved Caledium

Habarala Alooka, Manaka -

86. Alocasia macrorrhizos, Schott.

Aroideae Elephant-ear taro Nai Habarala, Habarala

Hastikarni Parum sembu

87. Aloe indica

Liliaceae Indian alces Vel Komarika, Vael Komarika, Kirikawelu

Ghrit-kumari, Musabbar

Kattalai, Kumari

88. Aloe littoralis Liliaceae Small aloe Karibolam Llika, Kanya, Kumari Chirukattalai, Kariambolam, Musambaram, Rakta polam, Peria karlai

89. Aloe vera, Linn Liliaceae Indian aloe Komarica, Komarika Ghrit-kumari, Kattalai

90. Alpinia calcarata, Rosc.

Zingiberaceae Scitaminacee

Cardamom ginger, Smaller Galangal

Heen Araththa Rasna Citarattai

91. Alpinia galanga, Willd.

Zingiberaceae Java galangal Maha Araththa Sugansha vacha, Mahabaravach, Kulinjana, Dhumparastma

Arattai, Perarattai, Peria-reta

92. Alstonia macrophylla, Wall.

Apocynaceae Devil tree, Hard alstonia

Havari nuga Bhunimba -

93. Alstonia scholaris, (L.) R. BR

Apocynaceae Dita bark, Milkwood pine, Devil tree

Ruk Attana Saptaparna, Sarada, Vishamacchada, Visaltvak, brihatvak

Ellialipalai, Aelilappalai

94. Alstonia venenata, Brown

Apocynaceae - Midella Raja-adana, Vishagni, Anadana, Ankola

Sinnappalai, Palamunnipalai

95. Alternanthera sessilis, (L.) R. Br

Amaranthaceae Sessile joyweed, Dwarf copper leaf

Mukunuwenna, Mukunuvaenna

Matsyaksaka Ponnankanni, Kotuppai

96. Alysicarpus vaginalis, Linn. DC

Papilionaceae/ Fabaceae

White moneywort, Alyce clover, Buffalo clover

Aswenna Panmuhuri Namappoondu

97. Amaranthus polygonoides, Linn.

Amaranthaceae

Tropical amaranth

Vael Tampala Tanduleeyakam Siru keerai


10


98. Amaranthus spinosus, Linn.

Amarantaceae Prickly amaranth, Spiny amaranth, Thorny amaranth, Thorny pigweed

Katu Thampala Tanduliya, Tanduliyah Mullikkirai, Mullukkirai

99. Amaranthus tricolor, Linn

Amaranthaceae Chinese amaranth, Chinese spinach

Thampala Ariki sira Cerikkirai, Thandukkeerai

100. Amaranthus viridis, Linn

Amaranthaceae Slender Amaranth, Green Amaranth.

Koora Thampala Tanduliyah Kuppaikkirai, Vakucakkirai

101. Amorphophallus campanulatus, Decne.

Aroideae Araceae

Telugu potato Elephant foot yam

Kidaran Soorana, Atsaghna, Kunda

Karakarunai, Boomi -sallaraikilangu Pidikarunai- kizhangu, Karuna kalang

102. Ampelocissus indica (L.) Planch.

Vitaceae - Rata Bawlath Vael, Val midda vael

- -

103. Anacardium occidentale, Linn.

Anacardiaceae Cashew nut Kadju, Kaju Kajutaka Shoephahara

Munthiri, AndimangottaiMundiri-kai

104. Anaectochilus setaceus, Blume Lindley

Orchidaceae Hawai'i jeweled orchid, King of forest

Vana Raja Mala, Wana Raja Mala

- -

105. Anamirta cocculus, (L.) Wight&Arn.,

Menispermaceae Indian berry, lavent berries, Fish berries, Crow killer

Thiththawel Anamurthi Garalaphala Kakamari, Kakaphala

Kakkai-k-kolli Kakamari, Kakkay-kollivirai

106. Ananas comosus, Merr.

Bromeliaceae Pine apple Annasi Pahunetra, paravati Anashap-pazham, Poonthazham pazham

107. Ananas sativus, Linn.

Bromeliaceae Pine apple Annasi Anannasa, Ama Annaci, Anashapazham

108. Anaphalis subdecurrense

Compositae - Maha Sudana - -

109. Andrographis paniculata, Nees.

Acanthaceae King of Bitters chiretta, The creat

Heen kohomba Bhunimba, Mahatikta, kirata

Nilavembu, Nilavempu

110. Andropogan citrates, DC

Gramineae

True lemon grass, Rosha grass,

Penguin Bhustrina Karpoorapul, Vasanapulla


11


sweet-rush, ginger grass

111. Andropogan nardus, Linn.

Gramineae Citronella Maana Guchcha Vasanepullu, Kamakshipullu

112. Andropogon contortus, Linn.

Gramineae/ Poaceae

Arrow grass Itana - Kavattampul

113. Andropogon muricatus, Retz. Andropogon squarrosus, Hook

Gramineae/ Poaceae

Cuscus grass Khus grass

Savandara, Saevaendara, Sawandara

Usheera, Veeranam, Amranalam

Vettiver

114. Anisochilus carnosus, Wall.

Lamiaceae/ Labiatae

Thick leaved lavender

Kapparavalli Ajapada, Ulpalabheda, Induparni

Karppuravalli, Karpooravalli

115. Anisomeles indica, O.Kze.

Lamiaceae Indian Catmint Malabar catmint

Yak wanassa - Chedayan

116. Anisophyllea cinnamomoides, Alston.

Rhizophoraceae Anisophylleaceae

Welipiyanne Welipiyan, Vaelipiyan

- -

117. Annona muricata, Linn.

Annonaceae Sour-sop Katu Anoda, Anona, Katu-Aaththa

Sitaphal Seetha palam

118. Annona reticulata, Linn.

Annonaceae Bulls heart, Bullock’s heart, Sweetsop

Vaeli Anoda Lavani Aninuna, Manilayatta, Ram-seetaphalam

119. Annona squamosa, Linn.

Annonaceae Custard apple, Sugger apple, Sweet sop

Vaeli-Aththa, Anona, Atta

Sitaphala, Shubha, Suda, Ganda, Gutea

Atta, Seetapalam

120. Anoectochilus setaceus, Blume.

Orchidaceae Jewel orchids King of forest

Wana Raja, Vana raaja

- -

121. Anogeissus latifolia, Wall.

Combretaceae Ghati gum Dawu, Davu - Namai, Vekkali

122. Antiaris toxicaria, Lesch.

Urticaceae Upas tree Riti gaha - Nettavil

123. Apium graveolens, Linn.

Apiaceae Umbelliferae

Celery, Wild celery Saeldiri, Saldiri Ajamoda Ajmodagum


12


124. Aponogeton crispus, Thunb.

Aponogetonaceae Wavy-edged swordplant , Crinkled/ ruffled aponogeton

Kekatiya Kasira -

125. Aporosa lindleyana, Bail.

Euphobiaceae Kebella

Kebella, Kaebaella - Kodali, Vettikan, Vettil

126. Aquilaria agallocha, Roxb.

Thymelaeaceae Agar wood, Agallochum, Aloe wood, Eagle wood

Aegila

Kalani-niryaasa resinaguru, kṛṣṇāguru, Rajarah kalijya

Akil, AkalicaṉtanamAkaru, Kiruṣṇākuru

127. Ardisia humilis, Vahl.

Myrsinaceae Shoebutton Ardisia, duck's eye,

Balu Dan - Manipudpam, Kozhikkottai, Narikandam

128. Areca catechu, Linn.

Palmae Areca, Betel nut palm

Puwak, Puvak Puga, Kramuka, Phalam, Gubak

Kamugu, Pakku, Kottai-pakku

129. Areca concinna, Thwaites.

Arecaceae Areca Palm Len taeri - -

130. Argemone mexicana, Linn.

Papaveraceae Yellow thistle, Prickly, Mexican poppy

Rankiri gokatu Swarna Kshiri, Haimavathi

Kudiyotti, Biramadandu, Kurukkum-chedi

131. Argyreia nervosa, Bojer.

Convolvulaceae Elephant creeper Girithilla Samudraphalaka, Vriddadaru, Murva

Kakkatan, Katar-palai, Samuttira-p-pala

132. Arisaema leschenaultia, Bl.

Araceae - Wal Kidaeam Val Kidaeam, Val Kidaram-

- -

133. Aristolochia indica, Linn

Aristolochiaceae Indian birthwort Sapunda, Sapsunda, Sapasanda

Ishwari, Ahigandha, Sunanda, Arkamula

Perumaruntu, Perularundu, Ichchura-mula

134. Artanema longifolium, (L) Merr.

Plantaginaceae - Gas Kotala, Gas Kethala

- Machipatchai

135. Artemisia annua, Linn.

Asteraceae sweet wormwood Naaga damana Nagdamani Makkippu

136. Artemisia moderaspatana, Linn.

Compositae Worm wood Madras carpet

Mastharu, Masipathri Mashipatri


13


137. Artocarpus heterophyllus, Lam.

Moraceae Indian Jack tree Herali, Kos, Vaela Panasam Pila, Pala, Palavu

138. Artocarpus incisa, Linn.

Moraceae Urticaceae

Bread fruit Del Muraja-phala Eerappalaa

139. Arundina graminifolia, Hochr.

Orchidaceae Bamboo orchid Udawediya Mal, - -

140. Asparagus gonoclados, Baker. Asparagus racemosus, Willd.

Asparagaceae Wild Asparagus Hathavariya Abheerupatri, Sathavari

Thanneervittan kizhangu, Sirumal, Kilavari

141. Asteracantha longifolia, Hygrophila auriculata

Acanthaceae Hygrophila marsh barbel

Ikiriya, Katu-Ikiriya, Kokila, Ikkiri Neeramulliya,

Kokilaksha, Ikshugandha

Nirmulli

142. Atalantia ceylanica A. zeylanica

Rutaceae - Yakinaran, Yak-naaran

- Tanaka

143. Atalantia monophylla, DC.

Rutaceae Wild lime, Deadly Nightshade

Wal Dehi, Val dehi Atavi-jambira Kurundu, Kattu-elumichhai

144. Averrhoa bilimbi, Linn.

Oxalidaceae - Bilin - Pilimbi pullicha-kai

145. Averrhoa carambola, Linn.

Oxalidaceae Chinese goosebarry

Kamaranga, Kaamaranka, Carambola

Karmaranga Tamarattai

146. Avicennia officinalis, Linn.

Verbenaceae White Mangrove Manda - Kandal, Nallamada

147. Azadirachta indica, Linn.

Meliaceae Neem, Magosa tree

Kohomba Nimba Vempu, Vembu, Veppa

148. Azolla pinnata, R. Br

Azolaceae Mosquito Fern, Water velvet, Fairy moss

Paasu-penda, kaerli penda

Pasubhojya, Plavini -

149. Baccaurea motleyana, Muell Arg.

Phyllanthaceae Rambai Gaduguda - -

150. Bacopa monnieri, (L). Pennell

Scrophulariaceae Bacopa, Brain plant, Coastal waterhyssop

Lunuvila, Lunuwila Brahami Prami, Piramiyam, Carumam


14


151. Balanophora fungosa, JR.

Balanophoraceae

- Thippili Gajathippali

Yanai, Thippali

152. Baliospermum montanum, Muell.

Euphobiaceae - Deththa Danthi Peyamanakku, Naga-danti

153. Bambusa arundinacea, Retz.

Gramineae Bamboo Una, Unabambu, Vansa, Vaishnavi, Venu

Moongil

154. Barleria lupulina, Lindl.

Acanthaceae Hophead Ranvan Katukarandu

- -

155. Barleria prionitis, Linn

Acanthaceae Porcupine flower Katu Kurandu, Katukarandu

Vajradanthi, Koranta Kundan, Cemmulli, Varamulli

156. Barringtonia acutangula, (L.) Gaertn.

Myrtaceae Wild almond Ela Midella, Diya Midella

Dhalriphal, Hijjala

SamutrapullamKadapam

157. Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz,

Lecythidaceae Fish-poison tree Midella - -

158. Basella alba, Linn Chenopodiaceae Indian spinach, Malabar Night shade

Nivithi, Niwithi, Gam nivithi

Apoedika, Potaki, Upodika

Venpacali, Sivappu pasalikkirai, Pachalai

159. Bassia latifolia, Roxb.

Sapotaceae Indian butter tree, Mahwah tree

Mee, Madupa Madhuka Iluppai, Kattu iluppai

160. Bassia longifolia, Linn

Sapotaceae - Mee Madhuka Illupai

161. Bauhinia racemosa, Lam.

Leguminosae - Maila Anupushpaka, svetakanchana

Atti, Vellaimantarai, Areka

162. Bauhinia tomentosa, Linn.

Caesalpiniaceae Yellow orchid tree Petan, Kaha Penath Aswamantaka, Phalgu Kattatti, Kanchini, Tiruvatti

163. Bauhinia variegate, Linn

Caesalpiniaceae Mountain ebony, Orchid tree

Koboleela Raktha Kanchanara, Kovidara

Segappumandrai, Tiruvatti, Shemmandarai

164. Begonia malabarica, Lamarck

Begoniaceae - Maha Hakabala (Mal)

- -

165. Benincasa cerifera, Savi.

Cucurbitaceae White Gourd Melon

Kusmanda Kalyana-pooshani

166. Benincasa hispida, Thunb.

Cucurbitaceae winter melon, Ash gourd

Alu Puhul Kushmanda Poosani, Pusalikkai, Vaidyakumbalam


15


167. Berberis ceylanica Schne.

Berberidaceae barberry Suvana, Daruharida Daruharidhra Keezhaa nelli

168. Berrya cordifolia, Willd.

Malvaceae Trincomalee Wood, Halmilla tree

Halmilla, Timber tree

- Chamndalai, Chavandalai, Kambamaram, Chamu'lai,

169. Birixa orilana, L Bixaceae Achiote, Lipstick tree

Ratakaha Karachhada Varagumanjal, Mantiravanci

170. Blepharis repens, Vahl.

Acanthaceae - Samadana - Elumbotti

171. Blumea mills Asteraceae - Kukura, Kapuru, Kukula

- -

172. Boerhavia diffusa, L Nyctaginaceae Hog weed Pita sudu sarana, Saarana

Punarnava, Shothaghni

Mukkirattai, Kadiyirattam

173. Bombax ceiba, Linn. Bombax malabaricum

Bombacaceae, Malvaceae

Silk cotton tree

Katu-Imbul, Pulun Imbul

Shalmali, purani, Panchparni

Mullilavu, Mul ilavan, Elevam, Ilavu

174. Borassus flabellifer, Linn.

Arecaceae Palmae

Palmyra palm, Brab tree

Tal gaha Tala, Talavruksha Panaimaram, Panai

175. Boswellia serrata, Roxb.

Burseraceae Frankincense, Indian Olibanum tree

Salake, Galaba Gaha, Gajapriya

Shallaki, Kapitthaparni glabra, Shallaksi

Vellai-kunkiliyam, Muraiyidam, Kundrikam, Muruntapali, Sambrani maram

176. Bougainvillaea spectabilis,Willd

Nyctaginaceae Bougainvillea Katurolu - Kirusnakeli, Kiruttinakeli

177. Brachiaria mutica, Forssk.

Poaceae - Diya tana

- -

178. Brassica alba, Linn. Cruciferae White mustard Nivithi Rajika, Sarshapa, Svetasarisha, Siddhartha

Kadugu

179. Brassica campestris, Linn.

Cruciferae Mustard, Rape seed, Turnip

Rapa Sarshapa- Siddhartha, Raktasarshapa

Karuppukkadugu

180. Brassica juncea, Linn.

Brassicaceae Cruciferae

Common Indian or Brown mustard

Abba, Kaluaba, Gang-aba

Krishnasarshapa, Rajika

Katuku

181. Bridelia retusa, Spreng.

Euphorbiaceae kino tree Kaetakaela, Katakela

Ekavira- asana Adamarudu, Mulvengai


16


182. Brugmansia suaveolens

Solanaceae

Angel trumpet Aththana - Madulam

183. Bruguiera cylindrica, Linn. B.gymnorrhiza, Linn

Rhizophoraceae Black mangrove Mal Kadol - Bakul

184. Buchanania lanzan, Spreng.

Anacardiaceae Almondette tree Morala Piyalaka Muolaima

185. Butea frondosa, Roxb. & Koen.

Fabaceae Papilionaceae

Butea gum tree, Bastard teak, Bengal kino

Gas kela, Galkaela pulas, Palas

Parasan, Kinsuka, Palasa

Palacu, Palasu, Murukku, Plasam

186. Caccinia glauca, Savi

Boraginaceae black storm, Desert broom, Prickly leaves

- Ghajwa -

187. Cadaba farinose, Forsk

Capparidaceae Capparaceae

Indian cadaba Morunga Dhumrapatra Velivi, Viluttu

188. Cadaba indica, Lamk.

Capparidaceae Indian cadaba Ira vara, Ira Varaa Dabi ManatukkurntuVelivi, Viluttu

189. Caesalpiinia bonduc Cuesalpinia crista, Linn

Caesalpiniaceae Fever nut, Bonducella nut, Physic nut, Bonduc nut, Sea pearl, Wait-a-while, Yellow nicker

Kumburu Wel, Kumburu Vael

Angarhavallari, Kuberakshi, Vitapakaranja, Latakaranja, Kantakikaranja, Raktakaranjavruksha

Kalichikai, Kazharchikkaai, Kecca-k-kaay, Vajrapijam, Kalarchi, Kaccuram, Mulal

190. Caesalpinia bonduc, Roxb.

Caesalpiniaceae Mulucca been, Fever nut

Kumburu Latakaranjah Putrakaranjah

Kalarci, Kazhar-shikkay

191. Caesalpinia coriaria, Willd

Caesalpiniaceae Fabaceae

American sumac, Divi-divi

- Angarhavallari Shumak, Kotivelamaram

192. Caesalpinia crista, L Caesalpiniaceae Teri pods, Fever nut

Diya-vavlaetiya, Wavlatiya

Putrakaranj Kalarkodi

193. Caesalpinia digyna, Rottl.

Caesalpiniaceae Teripod - - Nuni-gatcha

194. Caesalpinia longana

Caesalpiniaceae - Monara Pila - -


17


195. Caesalpinia major Caesalpiniaceae Fabaceae

- Kalu Wavlatiya, Kalu Vavlaetiya

Angarhavallari Kazarci kalichikai

196. Caesalpinia nuga, Ait

Caesalpiniaceae Cassia, Golden shower, Indian laburnum, Purging cassia

- - Kakumullu

197. Caesalpinia pulcherrima, Swartz

Caesalpiniaceae Pride-of-Barbados Barbados flowerfence, Barbados-pride, flower-fence, paradise

Kalu vavuletiya, Kumburu wel, Wael kumburu

Sidhakya Ratnagandi, Mayilkonnai, Nazha

198. Caesalpinia sappan, Linn.

Caesalpiniaceae East Indian red wood,

Sappan wood

Patangi Patranga, Ruktamukta Parthangi, Vetteku, Pathimukham

199. Cajanus cajan, spreng.

Fabaceae Pigeon Pea, Red gram, Pea Dhal

Rata tora,

Thora-parippu

Adhaki Tuvarai, Thuvara parippu

200. Cajanus indicus, Spreng.

Papilionaceae Pigeor pea, Cadjan pea, Congo pea, red gram, Yellow dahl

- Adhaki, Tuberika, Tuvari

Adagi, Tuvarai

201. Calamintha clinopodium Benth.

Labiatae Cushion calamint, Dog mint, Basil weed, Wild basil

- Kutavira, Raktamarica, suédois

Katjathikai

202. Calamus draco, Willd

Palmae Dragon’s blood - Vacha, Ugragandha

-

203. Calamus rotang, Linn

Arecaceae, Palmae

Rattan palms Heen wewel, heen vevael

Vetra- vetasa Perambu, Vaniram, Bettam

204. Calamus roxburghii Ranunculaceae Cane, Ratan Wewel, Vevael, Weyaga

- -

205. Calamus travancoricus, Bedd.

Palmae Cane - Vethra Pirambu


18


206. Calanthe sylvatica Orchideae Forest Calanthe, Orchid

- Rikshakadali, Vrikshadani, Rasna Gandhanakuli, Vandaka

-

207. Calendula officinalis, Linn.

Compositae Asteraceae

Pot-Marigold, Marigold, Calendula

- Zergul Thulvkka

208. Callicarpa arborea, Roxb.

Verbenaceae, Lamiaceae

Fever Nut, Physic Nut, Molucca Bean, Bonducella Nut, Nickar beam

- - -

209. Callicarpa lanatha, Linn.

Verbenaceae kara-vatti, Wild Banyan-tree

- - Katkomal

210. Callicarpa macrophylla, Vahi

Verbenaceae Beauty berry - Priyangu, Phalini, Kantha, Lata, Mahila, Cundra, Gandhaphala, Viswaksena

-

211. Callicarpa tomentosa, Linn.

Verbanaceae Urn-Fruit Beauty Berry

Eela Gaha, Illa Malgaha

Priyangu Kattukkumil, Vettilaipattai

212. Calligonum polygonoides, Lin.

Polygonaceae - - Atasi Aatlaria, Usippalai

213. Callitris inophyllum, Linn.

Guttiferae Alexan-drian Laurel, Pannay tree

Domba Punnaga Punnagam

214. Callitris quadrivalvis, Vent.

Conifereraecupressaceae

Arar tree, Arartree, Sandarach tree, Thyia, Sandarac tree, Sandarac Gum

- - -

215. Calophyllum bracteaum, Calophyllum walkeri

Calophyllaceae - Keena, Kina Naga champa Punnai


19


216. Calophyllum inophyllum, Linn.

Clusiaceae Guttiferae

Alexandrian Laurel, Panney tree

Domba Punnaga, Nag champa

Punnai, Pinnai, Nagam

217. Calophyllum tomentosum, Wight.

Glusiaceae Borneo mahogany, Dilo oil tree, Indian laurel, Laurelwood, Pannay tree

Keena, Tel-Keena - Bitangor -

218. Calophyllum wightianum, Wall

Moraceae Sirpoon tree - - -

219. Calotropis procera, Aiton

Asclepiadeae Dead Sea Apple, Milkweed, Sodom Apple, Swallow-Wort

Vaeli Wara Arka, Alarke Vellai erukku

220. Calotropis gigantean(L) W.T Aiton

Apocynaceae Crown flower Wara, Vara Sooriyapathra akka Erukkum, erukku

221. Caltha palustris, Linn.

Ranunculaceae Kingcups - - Vettai

222. Calycopteris floribunda, Lamk.

Combretaceae Paper flower

- Susavi Marsada boli

223. Calysaccion longifolium

Guttiferae Cobra’s Saffron - Nagkesara, Nagpushpa, Champeryah

Veillutta-champakam, Cheru-nagapu, Sirunagappoo

224. Camellia sinensis, (L.) Kuntze

Theaceae China tea, tea plant, tea shrub, and tea tree

- Chai Thayilai

225. Camellia theifera, Griff.

Ternstroemiaceae Tea Plant - Kuchandana, Lohita, Patanga, Ranjana

Chaya, Thayilai

226. Camphora officinarum, Bauh.

Lauraceae Camphor Karpura, Kapooroo Karpoor, Ghausar, Himavaluka

Pachai Karpooram, Karuppuram, Karpuram

227. Cananalia virosa, W. A.

Fabaceae jackbean - - -


20


228. Canarium bengalense, Roxb.

Burseraceae Chinese olive,

Chinese olive tree,

Chinese white olive

- - -

229. Canarium commune, Linn.

Burseraceae Java almond tree,

Kenari Nut.

- -

230. Canarium pimeta, Koen.

Burseraceae Kekuna Mandadhupa, Raladhupa

Attam

231. Canarium strictum, Roxb.

Burseraceae Black damer,Doopa,

Black dhup,

Indian white Mahogany

- Mandadhupa, Raladhupa

Karuppu-damar, Karunkungiliyam, Karangkunthrikam

232. Canarium zeylanicum, (Retz.) Blume

Burseraceae Ceylon elemi Kekuna Mandadhupa Pakkilipal, Karungundurukkam,

Attam

233. Canavalia obtusifolia

Fabaceae Jack bean, Sword bean, Giant stock-bean,

Wonder bean

Mooduvara Asishimbi, Mahashimbi

-

234. Canavalla ensiformis Do.

Papilionaceae Sword Bean, Jack bean

- Asishimbi, Mahashimbi

Kattuvalari, Thamattan, Valavarai, Segappu thambatti

235. Canna indica, Linn Scitaminaceae Canna lilly, Indian Bread-shot

Buth Sarana, "caennas"

Kamakshee, Sarvajaya

Poovalai, Kandamanu, Kandamani-cheddi, Kalavzhai

236. Cannabis sativa, Linn.

Urticaceae Indian Hemp Ganja, Kansa Ganjika, Bhanga, Vijaya, Siddhapatri

Kanja, Kanca, Pangi, Madamattagam

237. Canscora decussate, Roem.

Gentianaceae - - Kambumalinee, Sankhapuspi, Sankhini

Sanghupushpam, Kakkurattai

238. Canscora diffusa, Br.

Gentianaceae - Irimusu Sankhapushpi -

239. Canthium didymium, Roxb.

Rubiaceae - - - Yerkoli


21


240. Canthium parviflorum, Lamk.

Rubiaceae Carray cheddile, Coromandel

Kaarai Kandakari, Nidigdhika Karai

241. Capparia zeylanica, Linn.

Capparaceae Ceylon caper, Indian caper

Wellangiriya, Vellangiriya

Vyakhra nakhi Tapasapriya kinkani,

Turatti, Adondai, Tondai

242. Capparis acuminate, Roxb.

Capparideae - - Vyaghra Nakhi, Karambha

Anthundi-Kai

243. Capparis aphylla, Roth.

Capparideae Caper plant, Caper berry

- - Karyal, Sengam

244. Capparis corundas, Linn.

Apocynaceae Bengal Currants - Karamardaka, Krishna-Phala

Perinkalak phalam

245. Capparis decidua Capparaceae Bare Caper - - Sirakkali

246. Capparis heyneana, Wall.

Capparideae - - - -

247. Capparis spinosa, Linn.

Capparideae Caper Bush, Indian cape

- Kakadani, Himsra, Cabra

-

248. Capparis trifoliate Capparideae Three-Leaved caper

- Pashuganda, Ajapa Varuna

Marlinga, Maralingam

249. Capparis zeylanica, Linn.

Capparidaceae Ceylon capper

Welangiriya Vyaghranakhi, Kinkani, Tapasapriya

Anthundi-kai Adondai atontai

250. Capsella bursa pastoris, Moench.

Cruciferae

Chinese cress, Shepherd’s-purse

- Yavani -

251. Capsicums abbreviate, Fingerh

Solanaceae - - - -

252. Capsicum acuminate, Fingerh.

Solonaceae - - - Chuvannamulaku, Kappalmulaku, Mulaku, Pachamulaku

253. Capsicum annuum, L. var. grossum

Solanaceae Chilli, Red Pepper, Spanish pepper, Cayenne pepper

Malumiris, Katuvira pittakarini, Katuvira

Kutaimilakay, Milakai, Molagay

254. Capsicum baccatum, Irish.

Solanaceae Brazil pepper, Pimenta

- - -

255. Capsicum cerasiformis, bailey.

Solanaceae Cherry pepper - - -

256. Capsicum fastigiatum

Solanaceae Guinea pepper, Bird pepper

Gas miris, Rathu miris

Marichiphala Milagai


22


257. Capsicum frutescenes, Linn.

Solanaceae Prakrit, Chillies, Cayenne pepper, Red pepper, Bird's eye chilly

Miris Kochchi miris

Katuvira, Teekshna, Ujjuala

Milagai, Cikappumilakay

258. Capsicum grossum, Willd.

Solanaceae Bell pepper, Spanish or Monstrous pepper

- - -

259. Capsicum longum, Bailey.

Solanaceae Purple chilli, Sweet pepper

Miris - -

260. Capsicum nepleanse

Solanaceae - - - -

261. Carallia Brachiata, Merr

Rhizophoraceae Fresh water mangrovem, Carallia

Davata, Dawata

262. Carallia calycina, Benth.

Rhizophoraceae - Ubberiya - -

263. Cardiospermum halicacabum, Linn.

Sapindaceae Balloon Vine Wel Penela, Vael Penela

Karavi, Kakadni, Karnaspota, Jyotismati, indravalli

Kottavan, Mutakkarran, Mudakathan Keerai

264. Careya arborea, Roxb.

Lecythidaceae tummy wood, slow match tree, wild guava

Kahata Bhadrendrani, kumbhi, katabhi Bhoodaadima, Girikarnika, Kaidarya

Puta-tanni-maram, Aima, Karekku, avima, Aima, Pelaimaram

265. Carica papaya, Linn.

Caricaceae papaya, pawpaw, papaw, melon tree, mummy apple

Paepol, Gaslabu

Erandakarkati- madhukarkati

Pappayi, Pappali

266. Carissa carandas, Linn.

Apocynaceae crane berry, Karaunda, Jasmine flowered carrisa

Karanda, Maha Karamba

Karamardaka, Avighna

Kalakai, Kalakkay, Kilaakkaai, Peruṅkaḷā

267. Carissa spinarum, L Apocynaceae Currant Bush, Bush Plum, Conkerberry, Burrum Bush

Karamba, Heen karamba

Karamarda Chirukila, Sirukila


23


268. Carmona microphylla, G. Don.

Boraginaceae Fukien Tea, Philippine tea tree

Heen Tambala Kattuvettilai Kurinjaa chedi, Kuruvichippazham, Kurangu vethilai

269. Carthamus tinctorius, Linn.

Asteraceae Bastard saffron, Saffron thistle, African saffron, parrot seed

- Kamalottara Kusumba

270. Carum ajowan, (L.) Sprague

Apiaceae Bishop's weed, Carom, Ajwan Seed

Assamodagam- Yavanaka yavani, Ajamoda, Ajamoda, Ajamodika

Omam

271. Carum bulbocastanum, Carum carvi

Apiaceae Black cumin, Black caraway

Kaludaru Krsnajiraka Shimayishiragam, Karum cheerakam

272. Carum couticum, Benth Hook.

Apiaceae Omum (seeds) - Yamani -

273. Caryophyllus aromaticus, Linn.

Myrtaceae Clove - Lavangaha Kirambu

274. Caryota urens, L Arecaceae Elephant’s palm, Fish-tail palm, palm, Wine palm, Jaggery palm

Kithul, Kitul Mada- sritalah Sreetala, Moha-karin

Kuntarpanai, Talippanai

275. Casearia esculenta, Roxb.

Salicaceae Wild coryfruit - Saptachakra, Svarnamulah, Saptarangi mool

Kutti, Kakkai-p-pala

276. Casearia graveolens, Dalz.

Salicaceae Flacourtiaceae

Chilla - - -

277. Casearia tomentosa, roxb.

Salicaceae Toothed Leaf Chilla

Chilhaka Katiccai

278. Casearia zeylanica, Gaertn.) Thwaites

Salicaceae Wal Waraka, Val varaka -

- -

279. Casesalpinia bonducella, Fleming.

Caesalpiniaceae Gray Nicker, Bonduc nut, Physic-Nut, Physic nut, Fever-Nut

Kaluu vavuletiya, Kumburu wel, Wael kumburu

Putikaranja, Pootikaranja, Latakaranja, Kantaki

Kajha shikke, Kalichchikkaai


24


280. Cassia absus, Linn Leguminosae Chaksu. Horse gram

Butora Chaksu Kaattu kolluppu

281. Cassia alata, L.

Leguminosae Ringworm shrub, Wild senna Alexandrian senna, Indian senna, Senna, Tinnevelly senna, True senna

Eth Thora, Aeth thora

Dadmurdan

Vandu-rolli CheemaiagathiAlata, Anjali, Calavakatti, Calavakatticceti, Cimaiakatti, Cimaiyakatti, Cimaiyavutti, Cintuki, Cintukiyakatti

282. Cassia amara, L. Caesalpiniaceae - Sinkona - -

283. Cassia angustifolia, see Cassia senna, L. syn

Caesalpiniaceae Senna, Indian Senna, Tinnervelly Senna

Senehe Kola Swarn patri Bhumiari, Swarnamukhi Markandika,

Nilavirai, Nilavagai, Nilavakai Nattunelavarai, Nelavagai

284. Cassia auriculata, (L.) Roxb. Senna auriculata

Fabaceae or Leguminosae

Tanner’s cassia Ranavara, Ranawara

Avartaki Avarai, Avaram

285. Cassia fistula, L. Caesalpiniaceae Golden Shower Tree, Indian laburanam

Aehaela, Ehela

Aragvadha Konrai, Konnai, Mullaimaram

286. Cassia glauca, Lam.

Fabaceae or Leguminosae

Cassia, Golden shower, Indian Laburnum, Purging Cassia

- - -

287. Cassia lanceolata, Linn.

Caesalpiniaceae Senna Senehe - Appai, Konnai, Konrai

288. Cassia mimosoides, Var.

Leguminosae Japanese Tea Bush

Bim Siyambala, Bin Siyambala

- -

289. Cassia obovata, Linn.

Fabaceae neutral henna Seneha cola Hemapushpi Nilavagai

290. Cassia occidentalis Linn

Fabaceae Negro Coffee, Coffee-senna, Foetid Cassia, Rubbish Cassia, Stinking-weed

Pani Thora Kasamarda, Arimarda, Kasari

Peya-varai, Pon-navirai Paeyaavarai, Thagarai


25


291. Cassia roxburghii, DC.

Leguminosae Caesalpinoideae

Red Cassia, Ceylon Senna, Pink Cassia, · Pink Lady

Wa, Waa, Ratu wa, Vaa Rathu waa,

Vakai

292. Cassia siamea, Lam.

Leguminosae – Caesalpinioideae

Bombay black wood, Cassod tree, Iron wood, Kassod tree, Cassod tree, Siamese senna, Thai cassia

Wa, Aramana Chakramarda, Dadmari, Dadrughra, Rajavriksha

Mancatkonrai Sinna konnai Ponnavarai, Karungkonrai

293. Cassia sophera, Linn.

Caesalpiniaceae Senna sophera Uru Thora, Ooru thōra, Uru tora

Kasamardah, kasamardaka, kasaripu, suvarnamayahari, talpota.

Ponavarai

294. Cassia surattensis, Burm.f. subsp

Fabaceae Leguminosae

Sunshine tree Wal Ehela, Val Aehala

- Thagarai, Kuntu-p-pu-k-konrai

295. Cassia tora, Linn. Cassiao obtusifolia, Linn.

Caesulpinaceae Wild Senna, Sickle seena, Sickle pod, Foetid cassia, Ring worm plant

Peti Thora, Pethi-thora

Chakramarda, Dadmari, Dadrughra

Thagarai, Oosithagarai

296. Cassine balae Celastraceae - Kabella, Kaebella - -

297. Cassipourea ceylanica, (Gardn.) Alston

Rhizophoraceae - Peti Thora - -

298. Cassuvium porniferum, Anacrdium occidentalum

Anacardiaceae Cashew nut Kadju, Kaju Kajutaka Shoephahara

Munthiri, AndimangottaiMundiri-kai

299. Castalia alba, Nymphoea alba.

Nymphaceae European white water lily, White water rose, White nenuphar

-

Kumuda, Utpalam Neytarkilanku, Neytal, Neitharkizhangu


26


300. Catharanthus roseus, Linn.

Apocynaceae Vinca, Cape periwinkle, Rose periwinkle, Rosy periwinkle, Blue Pearl

Minee Mal, Paspethi

Sadafuli, Sadaphuli Sadabahar, Sadapushpi

Nithyakalyani

301. Catunaregum spinosa, (Thunb.) Tirveng

Rubiaceae Common emetic, Mountain Pomegranate, Emetic nut.

Kukurumanna, Kukurumaana kukuruman

- Karai, Madukarei, Pungarei, Kātu-Nārangkam

302. Cayratia pedata. Lam. Gagnep

Vitaceae - Garandi- Dul-Vael, Madiya Wael

Pedata, Godhapadi

Tiripatakam, Kattu pirandai, Kitamatti

303. Ceiba pentandra, (Linn.) Gaertn

Malvaceae Kapok tree, Silk-cotton tree, White silk cotton tree

Imbul, himbul, Kotta Sweta salmali Ilavu, Pancu

304. Celastrus paniculatus,Wild

Celastraceae Oriental staff vine Black oil tree

Duhudu- Jayothismati Vaaluluvai

305. Celtis cinnamomea Cannabaceae Ulmaceae

- Gurenda - -

306. Celtis timorensis, Span.

Ulmaceae Nettle tree, Sugarberry, Hackberry

Brunda, Burunda

- -

307. Centella asiatica, Linn.

Umbelliferae Mackinlayaceae

Indian Pennywort

Gotu kola Mandukaparni, Brahmi

Parni, Vallarai,

308. Centipeda minima, (L.) A. Br.

Compositae Sneeze wort, Spreading sneeze weed

Visa Dooli Chikkika, Tikshna, Ghrandukhahda, Chhikkani, Kashvakrit, Mecheta

Manyanani.

309. Centranthera indica, (L.) Gamble

Scrophulariaceae Undir Kani Dutu Saputa Undir Karni Pulivanci, Kovai

310. Cerbera manghas, Linn.

Apocynaceae Cerbera Kaduru, Gon-Kaduru

Auddalakah Kattarali, Caat aralie

311. Ceriops tagal, Perr. Rhizhophoraceae Mangrove like Rathu Kadol Punkanda, Rathugas

Goran Chirukandal


27


312. Ceropegia candelabrum, L.

Asclepiadaceae - Wel Mota, Vael Mota

- Perunkodi

313. Chloroxylon swietenia DC

Rutaceae Satin wood, Indian satinwood tree

Handun, Sandun

Bhillotaka, Chandana

Varimarai, Vaimari

314. Chukrasia tabularis, A. Juss

Meliaceae Chittagong wood Hulan-hik, Ull-hik Chanana Agil, Aayili, matakari-vempu, Aglay; Maleiveppu

315. Cicer arietinum, Linn.

Papilionaceae Bengal gram, Chickpea

Kadala, Chanaka Konda-kadala

Chanaka Kondai-Kadalai, Kothu kadalai

316. Cinnamomum camphora, (L.) J. Presl

Lauraceae Camphor, Camphor tree, Japanese camphor

Kapuru Candra, Karpura, Karpurah

Karppuram

317. Cinnamomum dubium, Cinnamomum verum

Lauraceae Cinnamon Kurundu Lathaparna, patrnaamaka

Karuvaa

318. Cinnamomum litseafolium

Lauraceae Kuda Kurundu - -

319. Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Blume

Lauraceae Cinnamon Kurundu, Val Kurundu

Twale, Tvak Karuva, Ilavankappattai

320. Cipadessa baccifera, Miq.

Meliaceae Ranabili Halbembiya Vananimbam, Kshudranimba

Pullipancheddi Savattu chedi

321. Cissampelos pareira L.

Menispermaceae Velvet leaf, Midwives' herb

Diyamiththa Patha, Ambasthaki Appatta, Ponmucuttai

322. Cissus latifolia Vitceae Wal Diya Labu - -

323. Cissus quadrangularis, L var.

Vitceae Veldt Grape or Devil's Backbone

Heeressa Asthisamharaka - Pirantai, Perandai -

324. Citrullus colocynthis, Linn.

Cucurbitaceae Bitter cucumber, Colocynth

Yak Komadu indravena Pei-Thumatti Varagamothankodi

325. Citrus aurantifolia, L. Burm.f.

Rutaceae lime Dehi Nimbu, Jambira Narandam Elumiccai

326. Citrus aurantium, L. var.

Rutaceae Bigarade, Seville orange, Sour orange

Ambul Dodang, AembulDodang

naranga Narandam


28


327. Citrus crenatifolia, Lush

Rutaceae - Naran, Naaran Jambhiir Elimichcham, Naranthanna (Naranthanai)

328. Citrus grandis, Linn. Rutaceae Forbidden Fruit, Pummelo, Shaddock

Embul Dodam, Aembul Dodang

Mahanimbu

Pampa limāsu

329. Citrus limon, Linn. Rutaceae Lemon Dehi Jambira, Nimbaka

Elumichai

330. Citrus madurensis Lour.

Rutaceae Musk lime, Calamondin, Golden lime, China orange

Nas Naran, Nas Naaran

- -

331. Citrus medica, Var. Rutaceae Citron, Melon lime

Sidaran Bara nimbu Campiram, Elumichchai Kadara, Naratthai

332. Citrus nobilis, Lour. Rutaceae Mandarin orange, King orange

Jamba naran Kamalaa niibuu Kichili pazham

333. Citrus reticulate, Blanco.

Rutaceae Loose skinned, Loose Jacket Orange, Mandarin orange

Heen Naran, Heen Naaran

Narangi Kamalaa

Kamala pazham

334. Citrus sinensis, (L.) Osbeck

Rutaceae Malta / Sweet Orange

Pani Dodang Orange Nagarukam, Sathagudi

335. Clausena indica, Oliv

Rutaceae - MeeGon Karapinccha

Raktakushta Nana, Kariveppilei, Katta-veppilei- Pannai, Pur ankainari

336. Cleidion javanicum, Blume

Euphorbiaceae - Okuru - -

337. Cleistanthus collinus

Euphorbiaceae Garari Madara - Indrayava Oduppai, Odugu, Nilaippalai

338. Cleistocalyx nervosum, var.

Myrtaceae - Bata Damba - Nagai

339. Clematis smilacifolia

Ranunculaceae - Narawel, Naravael - -

340. Cleome viscose, Linn.

Capparaceae Wild mustard Ranmanissa, Walaba

Karnaspota Naivelai, Nai-kadugu


29


341. Clerodendrum inerme, Gaertn

Lamiaceae Garden quinine Galinda, Wael-bo-haenda

KshudragnimanthaKundali, Nir-notsjil, Samudrayuthika, Shangam-kuppi, Vanajai, Vanayuthika

Pinasangam-Kuppi

342. Clerodendrum infortunatum, Gaertn.

Lamiaceae Verbenaceae

Hill Glory- Bower Pinna, Gas-Pinna, Kalupinna

Bhandira Karukanni, Perugilai, Vellaikkanni

343. Clerodendrum paniculatum, L.

Verbenaceae Pagoda-flower Rathu mal Pinna - Perugilai

344. Clerodendrum philippinum

Verbanaceae Chinese glory bower, Cashmere bouquet, False pikake,Glory tree, Scent malli

Pinna - -

345. Clerodendrum phlomidis, Linn.

Verbanaceae Clerodendrum

Beheth Pinna Agnimantha, arani Talutalai, Taluddai, Thalangi, Tazhuthaazhai

346. Clerodendrum serratum, Spreng.

Verbanaceae Butterfly Bush Kanhendha, Kanhaendha

Bhargi Cheruteku, Bharangi

347. Clitoria ternatea, Linn.

Fabaceae Butterfly pea Katarolu, Katarodu, Sithapushpa

Aparajita, Sankhapushpi, Vishnu-kranta

Kakkanam, Kakkattan, Sangupu

348. Clotalaria juncea, Linn.

Fabaceae Sun Hemp Andana Hiriya. Andana Heeriya

-

349. Coccinia grandis, Coccinia indica, W&A.

Cucurbitaceae Ivy gourd, Scarlet gourd, Scarlet-fruited gourd, Kowai fruit

Kowakka, Kovakka Bimbi, tundika Kovai, Matupakku

350. Cochlospermum religiosum, Linn.

Bixaceae Buttercup tree, golden silk cotton tree

Kinihiriya, Ela-imbul Girisalmalika, Silakarpasika

Kattupparutti, Tanaku konga

351. Cochospermum gossypium, DC.

Bixaceae Yellow flowered cotten

Kinihiriya, Wael kinihitiya

Giriśālmalikā, Silākārpāsikā.

Kattilavam


30


352. Cocos nucifera, Linn.

Arecaceae Coconut Pol, Thambili, Thaembili, Kurumba, Vaevara

Naarikela, Nāḷikerika Narikela, Narikera, Plli, Proto-phala, Puga, Toyagarbha, Karakatoya

Thennnai, Ila, Taakkinay

353. Coffea Arabica, Linn.

Rubiaceae Coffee Kopi Mlech-phala Kappi, Kapikottai

354. Coleus amboinicus, Benth

Lamiaceae Cuban Oregano Kapparawalliya, Kapparavalliya

Parnyavani Karpuravalli, Omavalli Muttainari

355. Coleus forskohlii, Briq. Coleus aromaticus Benth

Lamiaceae Coleus Val seneha kola, Maagandi, Kapparawalliya

Makandi Karpooravalli Pashanbheda

356. Coleus rotundifolius Lamiaceae Madagascar potato

Jaavaala - -

357. Colocasia esculenta, Linn.

Araceae Green Taro Cocoyam

Gahala Kiri-habarala

Alookam, Aloopam, alupam

Sempu, ShamakkilanguCempu, Pantaki

358. Connarus monocarpus, Linn.

Connaraceae

Indian Zebrawood

Radaliya - Chettupulukodi

359. Corallocarpus epigaeus, Rottl.

Cucurbitaceae Indian Bryonia

Gopalanga Sukanasa, Nahika, Sukakhya, Sukhahvya

Aakaasagarudan

360. Corchorus capsularis, Linn.

Tiliaceae Jute white Go~ni Nadika , Chanchu, Nadi bhanga, Kalashaka, Nadika, Kalaka, Sraddha saka

Piratti-kirai, Naruvalli

361. Corchorus olitorius, Linn.

Tiliaceae Bush okra, Jew's mallow; Long-fruited jute, Vegetable jute, Jute

Go~ni Mahachanchu Sanal, Perattikkirai

362. Cordia oblique, Willd.

Moraginaceae Large se besten, Indian cherry

Bahuvara Gandhapushpa, Bhutvriksha

Naruvili, Villi

363. Coriandrum sativum, L.

Apiaceae Coriander Koththamalli Dhanayak Kottumalli


31


364. Corypha umbraculifera, L.

Arecaceae Talipot palm Talapath, (Puskola path)

Talapathra Talippanai, Talappam

365. Coscinium fenestratum, Colebr.

Menispermaceae. Tree tumaric, False Calumba

Wenivael gaeta, Venivaelgata, Bang wel gata

Daruharidra, Pitadaru Maramanjal, Manjalkodi, Pasamantram, Imalam

366. Costus speciosus, (J.Konig) Sm

Costaceae Crepe-Ginger, Spiral Ginger, Wild Ginger

Thebu, Thembhu Kushta, Kemuka- canda

Kostam, Kottam, Kudavam

367. Cotylelobium scabriusculum, Brandis

Dipterocarpaceae - Namendora, Namenddara

- -

368. Couroupita guianensis, Aubl.

Lecythidaceae Cannon Ball Tree Salgaha Nagakesara Naagalingam tree, Kunturukkam

369. Crateva adansonii, DC. Crataeva religiosa,

Caparaceae

Garlic-pear tree, Temple plant

Lunuwarana, Lunu varana

Varuna, Ashmarighna, Ashmaghna

Marvilinga

370. Crinum asiaticum, L.

Amaryllidaceae Spider lilly, Grand crinum lilly

Tholabo Nagadamani Sudarsana

Visha moongil

371. Crinum defixum, Ker-Gawl

Amaryllidaceae Poison Bulb

Heen Tholabo Kandali, Sudharshana, Somawalli, Cakrangi, Madhuparnika

Vichamunkil

372. Crinum zeylanicum, Linn.

Amaryllidaceae Beautiful crinum Goda Manel Sudarsan, Vishamandala

Vishamoongil

373. Crocus sativus, Linn.

Iridaceae Saffron Kumkumapu Bhavarakta, Kumkuma

Kunkumappu

374. Crotalaria juncea Fabaceae - Papilionoideae

Sunn hemp, Indian hemp, Brown hemp

Andana Hiriya Jenapavera Vakkunnar, Shanal, kuttu

375. Crotalaria pallida, Ait. Crotalaria spp

Leguminosae-Papilionoideae

Brusquillo, Cascabelitos, Ding Ding, Salts Rattle box Rattlepod

Andanagiriya Sankhini, Saptala, Satala, Titali

-


32


376. Crotalaria retusa, Linn. Croton laccifer, L.

Leguminosae Rattle weed, Shak -shak

Kappetiya Saṇapuṣpī, Saṇaghaṇṭikā

Kilukiluppai, Potu-gally-gista

377. Crotalaria verrucosa, Linn

Fabaceae Bird flower, Blue Rattlepod, Purple popbush, Shack-shack, Tooth-leaf Rattlepod

Yak Beriya Shanpushpi, Brihatapushpi

Kilukiluppai

378. Croton caudatus, Croton aromaticum

Euphorbiaceae - Wel kappetiya, Vael Kaeppetiya

- -

379. Croton tiglium, Linn. Euphorbiaceae purging croton Japala, Jayapala Dantibija, Tintidiphala, Dravanthi, Jeyphala-

Nervalam, Nagandi

380. Crum nigrum, C, Gracile-See Nigella sativa

381. Cryptocarya membranacea

Lauraceaee - Thavvaenna - -

382. Cryptocoryne walkeri Schott

Araceae Water trumpet Yatiudala - Athiudayan

383. Cryptolepis buchananii, Roem. & Schult

Asclepiadaceae Cryptolepis Kalukohola, Vael, Rukaththana

Krishnasarva, Karanta Palkoti, Gopavalli, Maddankodi

384. Csaaytha filiformis, Linn.

Lauraceae Love vine, Air creeper, Devil's gut, Dodder-laurel, Green thread creeper, Moss creeper, Princess hair, Sita's yarn

- - -

385. Cucumis melo, Linn.

Cucurbitaceae Smell melon Kaekiri, kekiri, Gon Kekiri

Karkati Vellarikkay

386. Cucumis sativus, var.

Cucurbitaceae Cucumber Pipingna Trapusha Vellarikkay, Vellari


33


387. Cucurbita maxima, Duch.

Cucurbitaceae Squash, Squash-gourd, Pumpkin

Wattakka, Vattakka Gudayogaphala- dangari

Carkkaraipparanki, Paranki, Parangkikkaay

388. Cullenia rosayroana, Kosterm.

Malvaceae Red silk cotton tree

Wal Durian, Kataboda

Salmali Koranguchakkai, Korangupola

389. Cuminum cyminum, Linn.

Apiaceae Umbelliferae

Cumin seeds Sooduru Jeeraka, Jarana, Ajaaji, Jira

Shiragam, Cirakam

390. Curculigo orchioides, Gaertn

Amaryllidaceae Black musale Bin Thal, Heen Bim-thal

Taalmuli Nilappanai, Kuratti

391. Curcuma aromatica, Salisb.

Zingiberaceae Kwangsi turmeric, Wild Turmeric Bombay arrowroot, Indian arrowroot

Wal Kaha, VadaKaha

Tavakshira, Tavakshiri, Tavaksira

Katturi mancal, Kasturi-manjal

392. Curcuma domestica, Vahl.

Zingiberaceae Turmeric Kaha Haridra, Rajani Kasturimanjal

393. Curcuma longa Zingiberaceae Tumeric, Indian Saffron, Yellow Ginger

Kaha, Ath kaha, Mim Kaha

Haridra, Nisha, Rajani Mancal, Manjal

394. Curcuma zedoaria, Bergius) Roxb

White turmeric Red Leaf Spice Ginger, White tumaric, Zedoary root

Haran kaha Karchura, Shati Poolakilangu

395. Cuscuta reflexa, Roxb

Convolvulaceae Dodder plant Agamula neti vela, Aga mula naeti vaela, Gaskuta

Akashavalli

Verillakothan, Akashavalli cuppiracaram

396. Cyathula ceylanica Amaranthaceae - Bim karal heba - Civappu nayuruvi, Cirukatalati

397. Cycas circinalis, L. Cycadaceae Ceylon sago, False sago, False sago-palm, Queen sago, Spiny-leaved cycas.

Madu, Madugaha

Varaguna, Hintalah Madana kama raja, Salaparai, Kamappu, Madanagama.


34


398. Cyclea barmanni Menispermceae

- Kehipiththan, Kaehipiththan

- Ponmucuttai

399. Cymbopogon citrates, DC. Stapf.

Poaceae Lemon grass, Citronella grass, Oil grass,

Sera Bhutika- karenduka, Abichchatraka, Bhustrina

Karppurappul, Serai, Vasanapulla

400. Cymbopogon confertiflorus, Steud. Stapf

Poaceae

Jamarosa, Ceylon citronella, Jamrosa oil plant

Mana, Maana, Sera Pengirimana

Bhustrina, Rosha, Rusha

Elumiccaippul

401. Cymbopogon nardus, L. Rendle

Poaceae

Citronella grass, Geranium grass, East-Indian geranium

Heen Pangiri Guchcha Karppurappul, Kamachipillu

402. Cynometra iripa, Kostel.

Caesalpiniaceae Wrinkled pot Mangrove

Opulu, Gal mendora

Madhuka Kadumpuli

403. Cyperus rotundus, Linn.

Cyperaceae Nut grass, Nut sedge

Kalanduru, Kaluduru, Wammutu

Musta Kora, Korai, Korai kilangu, Muthakasu, Pathalamulam muttakkacu

404. Cyperus santonici. Cyperaceae Dila grass, Rice flat sedge

Vel thuththiri, Tuttiri - -

405. Datura fastuosa, Linn.

Solonaceae Thorn Apple Attana, Thunbo Aththana

Dhattura Adukkumattai

406. Datura metel, Linn. Solonaceae Devil's trumpet Attana, Sudu Attana, Ela attana

Sveta-dhaturah Vellaiyumattai, Ayigam, Oomathai, Mathai, Mattai

407. Dendrobium crumeratrum

Orchidaceae Pigeon orchid Parevi mal - -

408. Dendrobium maccarthiae, Thwaites

Orchidaceae Wesak Orchid Wesak mal - -

409. Dendrophthoe falcate, (L.F) ETTING

Loranthaceae

Mistletoe Ehatu Mal Vanda, Vrikshabhaksha, Vriksharuna Vrksadani, Bansaka

Plavithil, Pulluri Pulluruvi


35


410. Derris canarensis, Deriss skandens, Derris parviflora,

Fabaceae

Hog creeper

Diya Kala Wel, Diyakala Vael, Sudu Kala Vael, Kalu-Kala-Wel

- Kotippunku

411. Derris indica, (Lam.) Benn Millettia pinnata , Pongamia pinnata

Papilionaceae Indian beech nut Tree

Mal karanda Naktamaala Pungam, Pungai

412. Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC

Fabaceae

Ticktree Desmodium

Sulvaenna, Undupiyaliya

Anshumati, Dhruva, Dirghamoola, Salparni, Sarivan, Shalaparni

Pulladi, Orilai

413. Desmodium gyrans, (L.) DC.

Fabaceae Telegraph plant Pranajeewa, Praanajeeva

Namaskari Thozhukanni, Aravaattip pachchilai

414. Desmodium heterocarpon, (L.) DC

Fabaceae Asian Tick Trefoil, Piripiro

Undupialli, Maha undupiyali

Pitadaru Pullati

415. Desmodium triflorum, DC

Fabaceae Three-flower beggarweed

Undupialli, Heen undupialli

Hamsapadi, Tripadi Ciru pullati, Sirupulladi

416. Dialium ovoideum, Thwaites

Caryophyllaceae Velvet Tamarind Gal Siyambala - Pattu puli

417. Dichrostachys cinerea, (Linn.) Wight & Arn

Fabaceae mimosaceae

Sickle Bush, Bell Mimosa,Chinese lantern tree

Andara Bahuvaraka, Virtaru Vitattalai, Vedathalam

418. Dillenia indica, Linn. Dilleniaceae Elephant-Apple, Hondapara Tree, Ma-Tad

Hondapara, Wampara

Ruvya Uva

419. Dillenia retusa, Thunb.

Dilleniaceae Lady Finger Herb

Goda Para - -

420. Dimarphocalyx glabellus

Euphorbiaceae Weli Wanna, Vaeli Vaenna

- Tentukki, Malaikkulukki

421. Dimocarpus longan, Lour.

Sapindaceae Dragon's eye, Longan, False Longan

MORA Varalahdha, Visharada

Kattupuvam, Shempuvan, Cempuvan, Murali, Nurai, Kaduppuvam


36


422. Diospyros atrata, (Thw.) Alston

Ebenaceae - Kalu Kenda - Gusvakendu

423. Diospyros ebenum, Koenig ex Retz

Ebenaceae Ceylon ebony tree Kaluvara, Kaluwara - Karunkali, Solaikarimaram, Culli, Velleithuvarai

424. Diospyros malabarica, (Descr.) Kostel

Ebenaceae Indian persimon, Gaub persimmon, Wild Mangosteen

Timbiri, Thinduka Tinduka, Tinduki Thumbai

Paniccai, Panicika

425. Diospyros melanoxylon, Roxb.

Ebenaceae Coromandel Ebony,

Jungle-fire tree, Ebony

Kaduberiya,

Beedi, Bidi, Kadduberiya, Kadumberiya

Dirghapatraka Karai, Karundumbi, Tumbi, Thumbi

426. Diospyros oocarpa Ebenaceae Andaman Marblewood, Egg-fruited Ebony, Zebrawood

Kalu-kadumberiya - Vekurakalimaram,

Vellai karankali

427. Diospyros oppositifolia

Ebenaceae Dipteryx Kalumediriya, Kalumaediriya, Kadumberiya

- -

428. Diospyros ovilfolia Ebenaceae - KunuMaella - -

429. Diospyros quaesita D.

Ebenaceae Calamander wood

Kulu maediriya, Kalu-medhiriya, Kadumberiya

- -

430. Dipteracanthus ringens, (L.) Abeywickr

Acanthaceae - Nil Puruk - -

431. Dipteracarpus zelanicus, Thwaites

Dipterocarpaceae.

Hora Hora Kiripalu Challani, Yennar, Enneymaram

432. Dipterocarpus glandulosus

Dipterocarpaceae.

- Dorana - -

433. Dodonaea viscose, Jacq.

Sapindaceae Hop bush, Hop seed, Hop wood, Soap wood, candle wood

Eta Wararalla, Aeta Vaeralla-

Aliar, Rasna Virali, Virali Malayalam,

Krali, Unnatharuvi


37


434. Dolichos biflorus, Linn.

Leguminosae Fabaceae

Horse gram Kollu Khalva Bengal-Kulastha, Khalakula, Vardhipatraka

Kollu paruppu, Kulad,

435. Dovyalis hebecarpa Flacourtiaceae Ceylon Gooseberry

Kitaembilla, Kithaembilla, Kitembilla, Ketembilla

- Kocu vetti

436. Dregea volubilis (Linn. f.) Benth. ex Hook

Asclepiadaceae Cotton milk plant, Green milk weed climber

Kiri Anguna Hemajivanti Koti-p-palai

437. Drosera peltata, Thunb

Droseraceae Shield Sundew, Pale Sundew, Crescent-leaved Sundew

Pethi-Kadulessa, Pethi-kaulaessa

Sardinian Kocu vetti

438. Drsmos elegans, Dresmos elegans

Annonaceae

- Kudu Mirissa - -

439. Drynaria quercifolia, (L.) Bory

Polypodiaceae

Oak Leaf Basket Fern

Benduru Ashva Katri Attukalkizhangu

440. Drypetes sepiaria, Wight & Arn.) Pax & K.Hoffm

Euphorbiaceae

- Veera, Wira, Weera - Veeramaram, Vellilambu, Veerai, Aadumilukkan, Kaayalakkamaram

441. Durio zibethinus, Linn.

Bombacaceae Civet Fruit, Civet-Cat Fruit Tree, Durian, Common Durian, Durian Kuning, Durian Merah, Edible Durian

Dooriyan Bilva Thurian

442. Echinochloa crus-galli, (L.) Beauv

Poaceae Barnyard grass, Cocksfoot grass

Wel Maruk, Vael Maruk

Varuka Caamai

443. Eclipta alba, Linn. Eclipta prostrate, Linn.

Asteraceae Bhringaraj Eclipta

Keekirindiya, Kikirindiya

Bhringaraja, Kesharaja-

Karippan, Kaikeshi, Karisalankanni


38


444. Eichhornia crassipes, (Mart.) Solms

Pontederiaceae Common Water Hyacinth,

Water orchid

Japan Jabara Jalakumbhi,

Variparni

Akasathamarai

445. Elaeocarpus garnitrus, Roxb.

Elaeocarpaceae Indian bead tree, Blue olive berry, Blue Fig, Blue Marble Tree

Maha-mad(h)atiya, Rath-veralu

Rudraksha Rudrakshi

446. Elaeocarpus montanus

Elaeocarpaceae - Kok Mota,

Gal weralu

- -

447. Elaeocarpus serratus Linn.

Elaeocarpaceae Ceylon olive Weralu, Veralu Chiribilva- aravata Karai, Ulankarai, Karai, Karamaram, Olan karai, Ulang karei, Uttraccham

448. Elaeocarpus subvillosus, Arn

Elaeocarpaceae - Gal Veralu - -

449. Elephantopus scaber, Linn.

Asteraceae Elephant Foot, Prickly-leaved elephant's foot, Bull's Tongue, Iron weed

Eth Adi,

Aeth Adi

Gojivha Anashovadianattucciva, Anachuvady, Anashovadi

450. Elettaria cardamomum, Maton.

Zingiberaceae Lessor cardamom, Small Cardamom

Enasal Ela Elakkai, Citrelam,

Aila cheddi, Elakkai, Elam, Yelakkai

451. Eleusine coracana, Gaertn.

Poaceae Indian millet Kurakkan Rajika Iraaki, Ragi, Kelvaragu

452. Eleusine indica, (L.) Gaertn.

Poaceae Indian goose grass, Bull grass, Crows foot, Wire grass, Yard grass

BaluTana, Kurakkan

Soma Kevuru, Kelvaraku

453. Embelia ribes, Burm Myrsinaceae False black pepper

Walangasal, Valangasal, Vael aembilla

Krimighna, Tandula, Vidanga

Vayvidankam,

Vayvilankam

454. Embryopteris glutinifera, Roxb.

Ebenaceae - - - Thimbiriya (Thumpalai)


39


455. Emilia sonchifolia, (L.) DC. ex Wight

Asteraceae Red tassel flower, Lilac tasse flower

Kadu Pahara Sasasruti, Sasasrutih, Akhukarni, Sambari

Muyalccevi, Mayarcevi

456. Entada phaseoloides, (Linn.) Merr.

Fabaceae Seabean Maha Puswel, Maha Pusvael

Gila beans, Prthvika Anaittellu, Camuttirappuliyan, Irikki, Kirancakamiram, Ottolakkoti, Yanaittellu

457. Entada pursaetha, DC

Leguminosae/ Papilionoideae

Large Seabean, Nicker bean, Snuff-box Bean

Pus Weal, Pusvael

Bidhanta, Gilla Paparang Kottai, Irikki, Anaittellu, Camuttirappuliyan, Kirancakamiram

458. Eriocaulon ceylanicum, Körn

Eriocaulaceae Endemic pipewort Kok Mota -

459. Eriodendron anfractuosum, DC.

Bombacaceae

Silk cotton Tree, Imbul, Pulun Imbul Shweta shalmali Salmali

Panji tannaku Elevam, Illanku

460. Ervatamia divaricata, Linn.

Apocynaceae Crape Jasmine, Moonbeam

Wathusudda Tagar Nandiar vattai

461. Eryngium foetidum, Linn.

Apiaceae, Umbellifera

Saw leaf herb, Long coriander, Saw-tooth coriander

Andu Kola

Piranga, Tanaluleya -

462. Erythrina fusca, Lour.


Purple coral tree Katu Kela, Katu Kaela Yak errabadoogas, Yak erabadu

- -

463. Erythrina indica, Lam.

Faboideae / Leguminosae / Papilionaceae,

Coral tree, Tiger claw

Erabadu Parijata Kaliyana murukkan, Mullu-murukku

464. Erythrina suberosa, Roxb.

Fabaceae/ Leguminosae/ Papilionaceae

Coral Tree Katu Erabadu Paribhadra Mullumurungu, Velaikkaliyanamurukam

465. Erythrina subumbrans, (Hassk.) Merr

Fabaceae, alt. Leguminosae

December-tree Erabadu Paribhadra- Mullumurukku

466. Erythrina variegate, Linn.


Sunshine tree, Indian coral tree, Tiger's claw

Erabadu Paribhadra- Kaliyana murukkan, Mullu-murukku


40


467. Erythroxylum monogynum, Roxb

Erythroxylaceae Red Cedar, Bastard Sandal

Devadaram, Devadaaram

Vanachandana Sembulichan, Pittaru, Tevadaram, Dasadaram

468. Erythroxylum moonii, Hoehr

Erythroxylaceae - Bata Kirilla - -

469. Eugenia caryophyllaea, Wight

Myrtaceae Cloves Karabu Neti, Karaabu Naeti

Lavangah, Kshdurajambu

Kirampu, Ilavankam

470. Eugenia jambos, Linn

Myrtaceae Jambu, Rose apple, Apple rose

Damba, Jambu Rose-Apple Perunaval, Sambunagai

471. Euphorbia antiquorum, Linn

Euphorbiaceae Triangular spurge Daluk Snuhi, Vajrakandaka, Tridhara

Kalli, Caturakkalli

472. Euphorbia hirta, Linn.

Euphorbiacea Asthma weed, Snake weed

Bu dada keeriya Boodath Keeriya, Kapum Kiriya Kaepum Keeriya

Dugudhika Dugdhika, Kshirini, Ksheeravi, Svaduparni

Amman paccarici, Cututuratticceti

473. Euphorbia indica, Lam.

Euphorbiacea Smooth creeping milkweed

Ela Dada Keeriya, Eladath Keeriya

- Caturakakalli, Caturak kalli

474. Euphorbia neriifolia, Linn.

Euphorbiaceae Common milk hedge

Kola Patok Snuhi, Sehunda Ilaikkalli

475. Euphorbia spp Euphorbiacea - Pathok - Naka kalli

476. Euphorbia tirucalli, Linn.

Euphorbiacea Spurge, Finger euphorbia, Indian spurge tree, Milk bush, Naked lady, Pencil-tree

Navahandi, Nava handhi, Nava sandhi

Vajradruma, Saptala, Satala

Kalli, Kombukkalli

477. Evolvulus alsinoides, Linn

Convolvulaceae Slender Dwarf Morning Glory

Vishnukranthi,Wisnukranthi

Vishnugandhi-sanghapuspi

Vishnukarandi, Visnukiranti

478. Exacum trinervium Gentianaceae Binara Binara, Binnara, Nil Binara, Ginihiriya

- -

479. Exacum walkeri, Am. ex Griseb

Gentianaceae - Susu Binara

- -

480. Exallage auricularia, L. Bremek

Rubiaceae - Gata Kola, Gaeta Kola

- -


41


481. Excoecaria agallocha

Euphorbiaceae Blinding Tree, Milky mangrove, River poison tree

Thela Agaru, Gangwa, Gaourai

Tillai, Thilla, Akati

482. Fagraea ceilanica, Thunb.

Loganiaceae Perfume Flower Tree, Pua Keni Keni, Trai Tichlan

Eta Muru, Aeta Muru

- -

483. Feronia elephantum, Corr.)

Rutaceae Elephant apple, Wood apple

Ali Divul Kapittha Vilatti, Vilamaram

484. Feronia limonia, (L.) SWINGLE

Rutaceae Wood apple Divul Dadhittha- kapittha Vila, Villati orivila, Villan

485. Ferula assa-foetida, L.,

Apiaceae/ Umbelliferae

Asafoetida Singu, Perungkaayam

Hingu Perungayam

486. Ficus arnottiana, (Miq.)

Moraceae Crow fig Kaputu Bo, Kaputu bo, Patan bo

Plaksha, nandi, Kapitanah, Lapitanah, Nandi, Nandyavartah,

Kotiyaracu, Kalaal, Pulila,

487. Ficus benghalensis, Linn.

Moraceae Banyan tree, Sacred fig tree

Maha nuga, Nuga, Nygrodha, Nyagrodha, Vata, Sriksaka

Akshaya vruksham, Avaroha

Alamaram, Kottam , Nakar, Nakaram, Niyaman

488. Ficus gibbosa Urticacece - Wal ehetu, Vael Aehaetu-

- -

489. Ficus hispida, Linn Moraceae Rough-leaved fig. Kota Dimbul Kaakodumbara, Kakodumbarika

Peyatti, Kattatti, Peyatti

490. Ficus lucescens, Blume

Moraceae Java fig Kalaha Ashvatthi, Charudarshani, Dridhapraroha,

Icci, Ichchi, Kallicci, Kurugatti, Kurugu, Malai ichchi.

491. Ficus oppositifolia, Willd.

Moraceae River fig, Rough-leaved fig, Soft fig

Kota Dimbula Kakodumbarika Chona-atthi; Pei-atthi

492. Ficus racemosa, L. Ficus glomerata

Moraceae Cluster fig, Cluster tree, Country fig

Aththikka, Attikka Sadaphala, Udumbarah

Atthi

493. Ficus religiosa, L. Moraceae Bo tree, Bodhi tree,

Bo, Bodhi Bodhi vruksha, Asvattha, Ashvatta, Bodhirukk

Asvattam, Arasu


42


494. Ficus sperata Moraceae - Boo Daeliya - -

495. Ficus tinctoria, Ficus tsiela

Moraceae - Ehetu - Kallitti, Irattiri, Kallicci

496. Ficus tinctoria, G. Forst.

Moraceae Large-leaved rock fig, Rock-splitting fig tree

Val Aehaetu, Wal Ehetu

Udumbar Alrananji, Itti, Alvananki, Cuvakacakanti, Cuvatakanti, Pattai, Kallitti, Ittimarap Kaliatthi, Kal itthi, Kallicci, Katticci.

497. Ficus virens, var. sublanceolata

Moraceae White Fig, wavy-leaved fig tree

Kalaha, Kavuduboa, Kiripella, Pulila Kadol, Kaputu Bo

Plaksa

Kurugatti, Chirral, Kalaal, Varaiyalmuram

498. Filicium decipiens Sapindaceae Fern Tree, Fern leaf tree, Soap berry

Pihibiya, Pihimbiya - Ningal Nirkongu, Athadali, Iruvillipalai

499. Flacourtia cataphracta, Roxb Flacourtia jangomas (Lour.)Raeusch

Salicaceae Coffee plum, East Indian plum, Indian plum, Manila cherry, Paniala, Puneala plum

Rata Ugurassa, Ugurassa

Taala, Taali, Talisapatra Paniaala, Paaniiyaamalaka, Praachinaamalaka

Caralangka, Cottaikkala, Talicam, Talisam.

500. Flacourtia indica, (Burm. f.) Merr. Flacourtia frondosa Clos.

Flacourtiaceae Indian Plum, Batoka plum, Batoko plum, Ceyon plum, Governor's plum, Ramontchi, Madagascar plum, Paniala, Mauritius plum, Rhodesia plum

Lovi, Uguraessa, Katulovi, Katu lovi

Shruvavrikksha, Aghori, Vikankata

Cottaikkalaa, Sottaikala. Kurumulli, Sottaikkala

501. Flueggea leucopyrus, Willd. Acidoton leucopyrus (Willd) Kuntze

Phyllanthaceae/ Euphorbiaceae

Bushweed, Indian snowberry, Spinous fluggeacool pot,

Katupila, Heen katupila

Bhuriphali, Panduphali, Shwetakambuja

Irubulai, Varatpulaver, Mulluppulatti,Varat-pula, Vellai-p-pulanci


43


Thermacole plant, White honey shrub, Water cal trop, Purple tephrosia

502. Fraxinus profunda, (Bush) Bush

Oleaceae Pumpkin ash, Ash Rata Puhul - - -

503. Galutheria rudis, Stapf

Ericaceae Wal Kapuru - -

504. Garcinia cambogia, (Gaertn.) Desr., nom. Illeg Cambogia gummi-guta L.

Cluciaceae Guttiferae

Brindal berry, Malabar tamarind

Goraka, Korakkaipuli

Kankusta, Vrikshamla Goruka, Kodakapuli Kodakkapuli,

505. Garcinia mangostana, L.

Guttiferae King's-fruit, Mangostan, Mangosteen, Purple mangosteen

Mangoos, Maengus Mangus

- Mangkustan, Mangostana

506. Garcinia morella, (Gaertn.) Desr

Clusiaceae Ceylon camboge, Gamboge, Gamboge tree

Kokatiya, Gokatiya, Gokatoo gas, Goraka, Kana goraka gas.

Kankustha, Lokaskandha, Tamala, Tapinja, Tapithakankustha-

Iravalsinni, Ireevalsinni, Irevarcinni, Cikiri, Makki, Kotukkaypuli, Makkimaram

507. Garcinia xanthochymus Hook. f. ex Anders.

Clusiaceae Mysore gamboge, Sour mangosteen

Kolon, Jamala Cochin goraka, Rata goraka

Bhavishya, Kalakhanda, Kusumodar, Pichchalabija, Samputanga, Tamala, Vamala, Vamalaki, Vapinjha, Vakrashodana

Paccilai, Pachilai, Pacchilai

508. Girardinia zeylanica, Girardinia diversifolia (Link) Friis

Urticaceae Himalayan nettle, Itching plant, Nilgiri nettle

Gas Kahambiliya - -


44


509. Gisekia pharnaceoides, Linn

Gisekiaceae Aizoaceae / Ficoidaceae

Sand Herbage Atthiripala, Aeth-iri-palaa

Valuka Manal keerai, Nãvamalli keerai

510. Gliricidia maculate, var.

Fabaceae Glyricidia Ginihiriya Seemakiluvai

511. Gloriosa superba, L Colchicaceae

Glory lilly

Flame lily,

Fire lily,

Gloriosa lily,

Glory lily,

Superb lily,

Climbing lily, Creeping lily.

Niyangala Agnisikha- langali Langli, Kalikari, Ailni, Agnisikha, Garbhaghatini, Agnimukhi Langli, Kalikari, Ailni, Agnisikha, Garbhaghatini, Agnimukhi

Kalappaik-kilangu,

Kantal, Karthigai Karthigaipoo

512. Glycyrrhiza glabra, L

Fabaceae /Leguminosae

Liquorice Vael Mee Madhuka, Yashtimadhu Yashti-madhuka, Mulhathi,

Jethi-madh

Atimaduram

513. Glycosmis angustifolia, Lindl

Rutaceae - Bolpana,

Bol-pana

Asvasakhotah, Kupiluh

Anam, Kattukkonci, Konci

514. Glycosmis pentaphylla, (Retz.) DC

Rutaceae Ash sheora Dodam pana Vanamenibuka, Ashvashakota

Konchi,

Kattu-k-konci

515. Glycine max, L Fabaceae Soya bean Boo Mae, Soya Raja shimbi Soya

516. Gmelina arborea, Roxb

Verbenaceae Beechwood, Gmelina, Goomar teak

Eth Demata Etdemata,

Aeth Demata

Gambhari Kumil, Kumalan

517. Gmelina asiatica, L Verbenaceae Asian Bushbeech, Asiatic beechberry

Demata

Gaeta-Demata, Geta Demata

Biddari, Vikarini, Kumil, Nilakkumil, Mulkumizh

518. Goniothalamus gardneri, Hook.f. & Thomson

Annonaceae - Kalu Kera,

Kalu Kaera

- -


45


519. Gordonia ceylanica Theaceae - Sudu Mihiriya - -

520. Gordonia speciosa Theaceae - Rath Mihiriya - -

521. Gossypium herbaceum, L

Malvaceae Arabian cotton, Indian cotton plant, Levant cotton, Maltese cotton, North-African cotton, Short-staple cotton, Syrian cotton

Kapu pulun Karpasa, Karpasah, Karpasaha

Nattupparutti, Talipparutti, Venparutti. Karbasam, Karpasam

522. Grewia damienGaertn

Malvaceae/ Tiliaceae or Sparrmanniaceae

- Daminna, Daminiya - Chadachchi

523. Grewia microcos, L Tiliaceae Phalsa, Microcos Kohu Kirilla Paroushak Palicamaram, Visalam

524. Grewia orientalis Linn

Tiliaceae - Vael Kaeliya, Wel-keliya

- Thuvattai

525. Grewia polygama Tiliaceae Veronicalolia Bora Daminiya, Bora Daminna

Huktapata, Kukurbicha, Nagbala.

Kattu kadalai

526. Grewia tiliifolia vahl Tiliaceae Dhaman, Linden-leaved grewia

Damina, Daminaa, Daminiya

Dharmana Dhanvana, Dhanu vriksha

Kavini, Sadachi, Tarra, Una, Unnu

527. Guettarda speciosca, Linn

Rubiaceae Indian Lavender Nil Pichcha Dharu Panneer

528. Gymnema lactiferum (L.) R. Br

Apocynaceae Ceylon cow-tree, Ceylon cow plant

Kuri-anguna Ksirakakoli Kurintai

529. Gymnema sylvestreR. Br.

Asclepiadaceae Gymnema Masbedda, Kunngjan

Madhunaashini, Meshashringi, Vishani, Gurmar, Merasingi

Kurintai, Sirukurinjan, Sirukurinja, Chakkarakolli

530. Gynandropsis gynandra (L.) Brig

Capparaceae

Dog mustard Vela, Vehela Ajagandha, Surjavarta Velai, Nal velai, Kadugu

531. Haldina cordifolia (Roxb.) Ridsdale

Rubiaceae Haldu Kolon Girikadamba Mannakatampu


46


532. Hedychium coronariumKönig

Hedychium consanguineum Hort. Cat.

Zingiberaceae Common Ginger lily, Garland flower,White Butterfly, White Ginger Lily

Ela malgaha Kalyana saughandhikam

Cimaikkiccilikkilanku, Chankitam, Chantikantam, Chantiramullikai

533. Hedyotis nitida Wight & Arn

Rubiaceae Ul Weraniya, Ul Vaeraniya

- -

534. Hedyotis pumila, L. f.oldenlandia crystallina Roxb

Rubiaceae Wel-kawududala, Vel kavudu dala

- -

535. Helianthus annuus, L

Asteraceae Giant sunflower, Sunflower

Sooriya Kaantha Suryamukhi

Sooryamukh, sooryakantha

Adityabhakta

Curiyakantam,

Sooryakanthi

536. Helicteres isoraL Sterculiaceae East Indian screw tree, East Indian Screw Tree, Deer’s Horn

Lihiniya Avartani, Mrigashinga, Vishanika

Valampurikkay Idampuri-valampurikkai

537. Heliotropium indicumL

Boraginaceae Heliotrope / Indian turnsole, Indian heliotrope, Erysipelas plant, Scorpion weed, Indian turnsole, Wild clary

Eth Hoda,

Aeth Honda

Srihastini, Suryavarta, Vrischikali

Tetkotukki, Tenkitacceti Thel kodukku

538. Hemidesmus indicus (False Sarsaparilla)

Apocynaceae Hemidesmus, Indian sarsaparilla,

East Indian sarsaparilla

Iramusu, Eramusu Sariva, Kshirini,

Karala, Punjabi, Nannari, Ananta, Anantamul Anantamula,

Naga-jihva, Gopakanya

Nannari, Kirusnavalli, Ananadamulla

539. Heritiera littoralis Lauraceae Looking-glass tree Ethuna, Etuna - Chomuntiri


47


540. Heteropogon contortus (L.) P. Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult Andropogon contortus L.

Poaceae Assegai fix, Assegai grass, Bellary grass, Black, Spear grass, Kusal grass, Wild oats, Bunch, Common spear grass, Stick grass, Tangle grass, Spear grass, Piercing grass, Spider's arrows, Tangle head, Twisted beard grass,

Tana - Ucippul, Orsi pillu

541. Hevea brasiliencis Euphorbiaceae Hevea, Para rubber tree, Sharinga tree, Rubber tree

Rubber - Irappar

542. Hibiscus cannabinus (Hemp, kenaf)

Malvaceae (Mallow family)

Brown Indian Hemp, Kenaf, Deccon hemp, Bimlipatam jute

Hana- Ambika, Sunishannaka, Sahasravatamulika Machika, Ambika, Maryurika, Sahasravatamulika

Kaccurai, Puliccha keerai, Gongura, Palungu, Pulimanji

543. Hibiscus esculentus Abelmoschus esculentus

Malvaceae Ladies' fingers, Bhindi, Bamia, Ochro orgumbo

Bandakka Bendakaya Vendaikkaay

544. Hibiscus micranthus Malvaceae Tiny flower hibiscus

Bebila, Baebila - -

545. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis

Malvaceae Rose mallow, Shoe flower, China rose, Chinese hibiscus

Pokuru Wada, Pokuru Wadamal

Japapushpa

Semparuthi


48


546. Hibiscus tiliaceus Malvaceae Cottonwood,

Green Cottonwood, Cottonwood Hibiscus

Beli Patta Bala Nirpparutti, Attuparuthi, Nirpparutti, Potari

547. Hieracium Pilosella (hawk weed, mouse ear)

Asteraceae Mee-kan palaa, Mee kan pala

- -

548. Hippocratea macrantha

Celastraceae - Diya Kirindi Wel, Diya Kirindi Vael

- -

549. Hiptage benghalensis

Banisteria benghalensis L.,

Malpighiaceae Hiptage

Puwakgedi Vael, Vael Puvak

Kamuka

Kurukkatti, Madavi

550. Holarrhena mitis Apocynaceae - Kiriwalla, Kirivaella - Kuluppalai

551. Holoptelea integrifolia

Ulmaceae - Goda Kirilla - Chirabilva, Chirivilva Aya, Aval

552. Hordeum vulgare (Barley)

Gramineae Barley Barley Divya, Situshuka, Yava Atiyava, Akshata

Barthi arisi, Barliyarisi

553. Hoya pauciflora Apocynaceae - Heen Aramana, Heen-Aramessa

- -

554. Hugonia mystax Linaceae Climbing flax Boo Gatiya Kamsamara Kodivirai, Agori

555. Humboldtia laurifolia

Fabaceae/ Leguminosae

Little Amherstia Gal karanda - -

556. Hydnocarpus venenata

Achariaceae Jangli almond (India), Small chaulmugra, Small kawati

Makulla Kauti Niradimuttu.

557. Hydrocotyle asiatica, Cenrtella asiatica (Indian Pennywort)

Umbelliferae Indian Pennywort Gotukola, Hingolukala

Brahmi,

Mandukparni

Babassa, Vallaarai (Vallarai), Vallarai elai.


49


558. Hydrolea zeylanica (Ceylon Hydrolea, Blue waterleaf)

Hydrophyllaceae Ceylon hydrolea Diya-mitta, Diyamiththa

Langali Vellel, Ponnankanic cakkalatti

559. Hydrocolyle javanica

Araliaceae (Aralia family) / Apiaceae

Java Pennywort Maha Gotukola - Malai vallarai

560. Hydrophylax maritima

Rubiaceae - Moodu-gaeta-kola, Moodu-gotukola

- -

561. Ichnocarpus frutescens

Apocynaceae Black creeper Kiri Wal, Kiri Vael

Ananta bhadra Pal valli, Paravalli, Paravalli, Udargodi, Udarkkoti

562. Ilex zeylanica Aquifoliaceae - Andunwenna, Andunvaenna Andun-wenna

- -

563. Impatiens bijlora Impatiens biflora,

Balaminaceae Orange jewelweed, Common jewelweed, Spotted jewelweed, Orange balsam

Vel Koodalu, Wel Kudalua

- -

564. Impatiens cuspidata Balaminaceae - Koodalu, Kudalua - -

565. Impetiens macrophylla

Balaminaceae - Gas Kudalu - -

566. Impatiens repens Balaminaceae Ceylon Jewelweed, Ceylon Balsam / Yellow Impatiens

Galdemata - -

567. Imperata Cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.

Poaceae/ Gramineae

Alang-alang, Blady grass, Cogon, Cogan grass, Cotton-wool grass, Woolly grass, Blady grass, Japanese Blood

Iluk

Darbhah- Darbha Balbajamu, Dharbai

Darbhaipul, Nanal


50


grass, Thatch grass

568. Indigofera aspalathoides

Fabaceae Wiry indigo Rath Kohomba Shivanil, Ajara, Ajara nili, Ajura nili, Manaveli

Kantari, Civanar vempu, Shivanar vembu, Sivanaar vaembu

569. Indigofera enneaphylla

Fabaceae Birdsville Indigo Bin Avari, Bim Aeveri

Vasuka Ceppuneruncil, Sheppunerunji, Seppu nerinji

570. Indigofera suffruticosa,

Fabaceae

Anil, Wildo indigo, West indian indigo, Guatemalan, Indigo, Small leaved indigo (sierra leone),

Nil-aevariya, Nil Averia, Nil Awariya, Nil Aevariya

Nili-nilika, Nilambi

Shimaiyaviri

571. Indigofera tinctoria Fabaceae

Black henna, Commercial indigo, Common indigo, Dyer’s indigo, East asian indigo, Frank indigo, Indian indigo, Indian madder, True indigo

Nilika, Nilambi Nilla, Rangapatri

Neela Amari, Avuri, Nili cimai-nil, Neela avari, Nila amari, Nili

572. Ipomoea aquatica (Water Morning-Glory, Marsh-glory, swamp = cabbage,=20 water spinach)

Convolvulaceae Water spinach, River spinach, Water morning glory, Water convolvulus

Kankun

Kalambi, Karemu Nalikam, Vallikkoti, Sarkaraivalli

573. Ipomoea asarifolia,

Convolvulaceae Bim Tamburu, Bin Tamburu

- Carkkaraivalli-

574. Ipomoea batatas Convolvulaceae Sweet potato, Yam, Kumara.

Bathala - Pavala- carkkaraivalli, Sakkarei-vallei kilangu Carkkaraivall


51


Ciignikkilang, Vattaalagnkilangu, Vellikkilangu, Thai, Man thet

575. Ipomoea bona-nox, Ipomea Alba, Caloniction Bona-nox

Convolvulaceae Moon flower, Moon vine, Koali-pehu

Chandrakaanthi

Gulchandani- Nagamughatei

576. Ipomoea mauritania Convolvulaceae Giant potato, Finger leaf morning-glory

Kiribadu ala, Kiribadu

Vidari, Ksheeravidari, Bhoomimanda, Payasvani, Lkshuvalli

Palmudamgi, Nelli kumbalu, Nila-p-pucani, Pal mutanki

577. Ipomoea nil Convolvulaceae Picotee morning glory, Ivy morning glory, Japanese morning glory

Tel Kola, Thel Kola, Neelakuntha

Kalanjani. Krishnabeeja -

Sirikki, Kakkattan, Kotikkakkatta,Sirikki, Jigiri vidai

578. Ipomoea obscura Convolvulaceae Lesser glory Tel Kola Vachagandh, Laksmana

Cirutali, Kuruvilatcumi, Kuruguttali, Chirudalli, Siruthaali

579. Ipomoea pes-caprae

Convolvulaceae Railroad vine, Goat’s foot vine, Goat’s foot creeper, Beach morning glory

Bin-thambura, Bimthambura, Muhudu bimthambara

Maryadavalli, Sagaramekhala

Vilattaru, attukkal, ("adampu" has not been used for this=20 plant)

580. Ipomoea pes-tigridis Convolvulaceae

Tiger-foot morning glory

Divi adiya, Divi Pahauru

Vyaghranakhi- Punaikkirai, Pulichovadi

581. Ipomoea triloba Convolvulaceae Littlebell, Aiea morning glory

Waha Thella, Vaha Thella, Waha thal,Wal Thel kola

- -

582. Ipsea speciosa Orchidaceae Daffodil orchid Naga maru ala, Naga Maeru ala, Nagaa Maeru Ala

- -

583. Isatis indigotica Brassicaceae Dyer's woad, Chinese Woad,

Mahanil aevariya, Cheena aevariya

- -

584. Ixora coccinea Rubiaceae Ixora, Juncle Geranium, Juncle flame

Ela-Rat Mal

Raktata, Pathalee, Binduka

Kullai, Vetci, Cheddi


52


585. Ixora jucunda Rubiaceae - Elarath Mal - Kullai,Vetci, Vedchi

586. Jasminum angustifolium

Oleaceae Wild jasmine Wal Pichcha, Val Samanpichcha, Saman pichcha

Priya, Supooja, Malati, Vanamallika, Asphota

Kattumullai, Nitykalyani, Katu-mallige, Shiru-malli, Chattu-mallika, Pathikam, Pichi poo

587. Jasminum grandiflorum

Oleaceae Spanish Jasmine Saman Pichcha, Pichcha Saman Pichcha, Pichcha

Jati Picci, Malligai

588. Jasminum malabaricum

Oleaceae Wild jasmine, Malabar Jasmine

Pichcha

Mudgara Mullai, Kotivakai

589. Jasminum sambac Oleaceae Arabian Jasmine Gaeta pichcha, Sithapushpa Madan mogra

Vaarshiki, Mallika

Kodimalli, Malligai Kundumalli

590. Juglans regia Juglandaceae Walnut Aettakottam Akschota, Akschota

Akrottu

591. Justicia betonica Acanthaceae Squirrel Tail, White shrimp plant

Sudu Purukmal Sveta-sahacarah Velimungil

592. Jatropha curcas Euphorbiaceae Angular-leaved physic nut

Valerandu Weta Endaru, Vaeta Erandu, Parsi Erandu

Kanana-eranda, Parvta-yeranda dravanti, Kanana eranda, Musikaparni, Parvataeranda, Vyaghraeranda-

Kattamanakku atalai, Eliyamanakku, Kattamanakku

593. Jatropha gossypifolia

Euphorbiaceae Cotton leaf, Physic nut, Wild Physic nut

Rath Endaru Dravanti Adalai, Kattamamakku Siriya amanakku

594. Jatropha multisydu Euphorbiaceae Coral Tree Mayurapada Endaru - -

595. Jatropha podagrica - - Vishakumba, Wishakumba

- -

596. Jonesia Asoca, J. Asoka Saraca indica

Caesalpiniaceae Asoka Tree Diya Rathmal

Asoka, Kankelli, Vichitrah, Gandapushpa

Asogam

597. Justicia adhatoda Adhatoda vasika

Acanthaceae Malabar nut Adhathoda

Attarusha, Vansa Sinhaparni,Vasaka

Adathodai


53


598. Justicia botanica Acanthaceae - Sudu Puruk - -

599. Justicia gendarussa, Adhatoda subserrata 'Variegata (Verigated = water=20 willow)

Acanthaceae Willow-leaved justicia

Kalu Vaeraniya

Nila-nirgundi, Krishna nirgunda, Kasanah, Vaidyasinha

Karunochchi

600. Kaempferia galanga, c.f.,Knoxia zeylanica

Scitaminaceae Aromatic ginger, Sand ginger

Inguru Piyali, Singuru piyali

Sugandhavacha, Chandramulika

Kacholum, Kachhola Kilangu

601. Kalanchoe laciniata Crassulaceae Cathedral bells Akkapana Hemasagara- parnabija

Kkattukkalli, Ranakalli, Mala-kullie

602. Kalanchoe pinnata, Cotyledon pinnata, Bryophyllum pinnatum (The = air=20 plant)

Crassulaceae American life plant Akkapana

Asthibhaksha Mallakulli, Runakkalli, Viranakkalli, Irankall

603. Kandelia rheedii

Rhizophoraceae - Kadol - Kandal,

Thuvar kandan

604. Kendrikuia walkeri, Osbeckia wakeri

Melastomataceae - Val Bo~vitiya, Wal Bovitiya

- -

605. Kedrostis rostrata Cucurbitaceae - - - Karamputakkovai, Panankovai

606. Kirganelia reticulata Euphorbiaceae Ivy gourd - Krishna- Kaamboji Nirpalai, Karunelli, Abirangi

607. Knema attenuata Myristicaceae Wild nutmeg - - Curappattiri, Curiya pattiri, Chora pathiri

608. Kydia calycina Malvaceae Roxburgh’s Kydia, Pula

- - Vendai, Vattakannu, Bendi, Pula

609. Lagenaria siceraria Cucurbitaceae Bottle gourd, Common gourd, Calabash

Diyalabu Katutumbi- tiktalabu Suraikai, Sorakkai

610. Languas galanga Zingiberaceae Siamese ginger, Galangale

Kaluwala, Aratha Kulanja Arattai

611. Lannea coromandelica

Anacardiaceae Indian ash tree, Jhingam,Wodier

Hik Ajasringgi, Ajashringi, Jhingini

Udi, anaikarai, Oti


54


612. Lantana camara Verbenaceae Arch man, Tick-berry, Common lantana, Large leaf lantana, Pink-flowered lantana, Prickly lantana, Red sage, Red- flowered sage, Shrub verbena, Tickberry; White sage; Wild sage, Yellow sage Bird’s brandy, Cherry pie

Gandapana - Garda-pana, Genda-pana, Katu-hinguru, Rata-guru, Ton-kinna

Vanacchedi Puchedi, Arippu, Unnichedi, Arasimala

613. Lantana indica Verbenaceae Sage, White sage, Mysore Lantana

Gandapaana Baloliya

- Nativaricceti, Kutampai

614. Laportea interrupta Urticaceae Hawaiian wood-nettle

Val Kahambiliya Vrushrchat Perunkanchori

615. Lasia spinosa Araceae Kohila Abhiru -

616. Lawsonia inermis, L. spinosa (Henna, campire)

Lythraceae Henna, Samphire Marathonda, Maehaenda

Madayantika, Ragangi, Sakachera, Mendhi, Mendika, Kuravaka

Maroodaniei, Marudhaani, Maruthonri, Aiva-nam, Marithondi

617. Leea indica Vitaceae Bandicoot berry Burulla Chatri, Kukkurajihva, Samudraka-

ottanali, Niyakku, Nalawa, Nalava, Ottannalam

618. Lens culinaris Febaceae Lentil, Gram Parippu Mansoor Parippu, Masoor Parippu

Masura, Masuri Paasi Paruppu

619. Leonotis nepetaefolia

Labiateae Lamiaceae

Lion’s ear, Annual lion’s ear

Maha Yak Vanassa, Yakwanassa

Granthi, Granthika ranaperi

620. Lepurandra saccidora

Moraceae - Ritigaha - -

621. Leucaena leucocephla

Febaceae Horse tamarind, Lead tree, white popinac, wild tamarind

Ipil Ipil Subabul, kababul Periya-takarai, Peru-n-takarai


55


622. Leucas biflora Lamiaceae Common leucas Vilanda vaenna - -

623. Leucas zeylanica Labiateae Ceylon slitwort Gaeta Thumba Drona pushpi Thumbai

624. Limonia acidissima, Feronia limonia, Feronia elephantum, Schinus = limonia

Rutaceae Wood-apple, Elephant-apple, Monkey fruit, Curd fruit

Divul, Diwul, Dimbul, Givul (?)

kapitthah Billa, Kapittha, Dadhi, Dadhistha, Surabhicchada, Kapipriya, Puṣpapahala,

Narivila, Vilam Palam

625. Limonia pentaphylla Rutaceae Ash sheora, Orangeberry, Gin berry, Rum berry

Ve kurundu, Velkurundu (?)

- -

626. Limnocharis flava Limnocharitaceae Yellow Sawah Lettuce, Yellow velvetleaf or Yellow Burr Head

Diyagova, Diyagowa

- -

627. Lionicera Caprifolium, L.-japonica, L- sempervirens = (Honeysukels)

Caprifoliaceae Goat-leaf honeysuckle, Italian honey suckle, Perfoliate wood bine

Paeni-kaeralli Amirtha -

628. Lippia nodiflora Phyla nodiflora

Verbenaceae Frog fruit, Sawtooth fogfruit, Turkey tangle

Hiramana Daetta Vashira, Vasaka Poduthalai, Poduthuvalai

629. Lobelia nicotianifolia Campanulaceae Wild Tobacco Val Dunkola, Wal dumkola

Mrityupushpa, Mriduchhada, Mahanala, Suradruma

KattupugaiyilaiKattu-papillay Upperichedi, Kattu-p-pukaiyilai

630. Luffa acutangula Cucurbitaceae Sharp cornered cucumber, Towel gourd, Ribbed luffa, Dish cloth gourd, Sponge gourd, Vegetable gourd,

Vaetakolu Watakolu Amara, Dhamargava, Jhingaka

kirutavetanai, Pekankai, Pirkku, Maruluvikam, Pikumkai, Peerakai, Peerkangai


56


Strainer vine, Silky gourd

631. Luffa cylindrica Cucurbitaceae Smoothh luffa, Wash-sponge, Patola, Vegetable sponge

Niyan Vaetakolu Raja-Koshataki, Dirgha-patola

Melukupirkku, Pontukapirkku, Guttibira

632. Lumnitzera racemosa

Combretaceae White-flowered Black Mangrove

Beriya, Bariya - Tipparethai

633. Lumnitzera littorea Beriya - -

634. Lycopersicon esculentum

Solonaceae Tomato Thakkaali Raktamachi Pennacikam, PennakicaccetiSeemay Tekkali

635. Lycopodium crenum (club moss species)

Lycopodiaceae English monkey's paws

Badal vanassa, Vil vanassa

- -

636. Lycopodium phlegmaria

Huperziaceae Tassel fern Maha Haediya - -

637. Lycopodium squarrosum

Lycopodiaceae Rock tassel fern Kuda Haediya - -

638. Macaranga peltata Euphorbiaceae Macaranga Keanda - Vattakkanni, Vattattamarai

639. Madhuca longifolia, Madhuca fulva

Sapotaceae Honey tree, Butter tree

Mee, Madupa Meepa

madhuka Iluppai, Iluppai ennai

640. Madhuca indica Sapotaceae Butter tree Urulumee, Hurulu Mee

Madhuka Illupei, Elupa

641. Malaluca leucadendron

Myrtaceae Cajuput, White Tea Tree, White Wood, Swamp Tea Tree

Lothsumbul, RothImbul

Kayaputi, Kajuput

Kaiyapputai

642. Mallotus eriocarpus Euphorbiaceae - Val Kappetiya, Wal Kappetiya

- -

643. Mallotus tetracoccus

Euphorbiaceae - Boo kenda, Bu Kaenda

- Mullu polavu, Vatta

644. Mangifera indica, Mangifera foetida

Anacardiaceae Mango tree Mee Amba, Amba Amra, Sahakara Ma, Mamaram, Amiram, Mangai

645. Mangifera zeylanica Anacardiaceae Sri Lankan Mango Atamba, Aetamba, amba

Amara Mangai, (manga in Malayalam)


57


646. Manihot utilissima Euphorbiaceae Manioc Man(g)nokka manioc

Kalpakandah- darukandah

Maravaati, Maravalli, Al-vallik-kizhangu

647. Manilkara hexandra Sapotaceae Ceylon iron wood Palu Rajadana- Cappotta

648. Manilkara zapota van Royen, Manilkara achras Fosb. Manilkara zapotilla Gilly

Sapotaceae Chickle gum, Common naseberry, Sapodilla, Chicle tree, Naseberry, Bully tree

Sapodilla, Rata-Mi

- Cappotta

649. Marsdenia tenacissima

Asclepiadaceae Rajmahal Hemp, Devil’s tongue

Maruvadul, Muruwadul

Madhurasa, Madhulika

Panjukkodi

650. Maytenus annua Martyniaceae Tiger's claw, Snake’s head, Devi’s claw, Tiger’s claw

Naga Barana, Naaga Barana

Kakanasa Thael kodukkukai, Kaakkaa mookuchedi, Puli-nakam, Tet-kotukki

651. Martynia diandra Pedaliaceae Devi’s claw Naga-darana - Pulinakam, Telkodukkudai

652. Melastoma malabathricum

Melastomataceae Malabar meastome

Maha Bovitiya, Bowitiya, Katakaloowa

kshudra jaleshani kadallai

653. Melia azadirachta Meliaceae Indian lilac, Margosa

Lunu Midella Nimba, Prabhadra Tuttai, Veppamaram, Malaivembu

654. Melissa officinalis

Lamiaceae Lemon balm, Balm mint

Pangiri thala, Paengiri thalaa?

- -

655. Meliosma pinnata Sabiaceae - Ael Baedda - Kusavi, Thagari, Hulimakai

656. Memecylon edule Melastomataceae Iron wood tree Korakaha Anjani Kaca, Kaayam

657. Memecylon grande Melastomatacea - Daedi Kaha , Dodan wenna

- -

658. Mentha haplocalyx Lamiaceae Field mint, Corn Mint, Chinese mint

Kotu Minchi, Cheena minchi

Puthika Pudina

659. Mentha piperita Lamiaceae Peppermint, Mint, Menta, curled mint

Saera-Minchi, Paparamintha

Paparamintha Pudina

660. Mentha sylvestris Lamiaceae Wild Mint Minchi Pudina, Putiha Putina

661. Merremia tridentata Convolvulaceae Arrow leaf, Morning glory,

Heen Maaduvael Prasarani Tirippanpul, Auvaiyar kundal


58


African morning vine

662. Merremia umbellata Convolvulaceae Yellow wood rose, hog vine

Kiri maduvael - -

663. Mertensia dichtoma Boraginaceae Iron wood Vil kakilla, Vil Kaekilla

- -

664. Messua nagassarium

Calophyllaceae Cobra saffron, Ceylon iron wood, Indian rose chest nut

Naa, Na gaha,

Nagakesarah Peri

665. Mesua ferrea Calophyllaceae Ceylon iron wood, Cobra's saffron, Indian rose chest nut, Ironwood tree, Mesua, Poached egg tree

Na, Naa Nagakesarah- nagapuspah

Nangu, Cirunakappu, Nagappu, Nakecuram

666. Mesua Shorea, Doona congestiflora

Dipterocarpaceae Goden Champa Nadoon, Naedun - Nirnaval

667. Michelia champaca Magnoliaceae Champak Sapu, Ginisapu Campaka Campanki, Canpakam, Chenbakam

668. Michelia nilagirica Magnoliaceae - Wana Sapu, Vana sapu

- Vanacampakam

669. Michania scandens Asreraceae Climbing hemp vine, Climbing hemp weed, Louse-plaster

Maruvel, Maruvael - -

670. Micrcos paniculata Malvaceae Phalsa Keheliya, Keliya - -

671. Micromelum ceylanicum, Micromelum minutum

Rutaceae - Val Karapincha, Karapincha

- -

672. Melia azedaracha Meliaceae White cedar, Chinaberry tree, Bead tree, Cape iliac, Ceylon cedar

Hik-kohomba - Malai-vempu. Kattu vempu


59


673. Mimosa catechu Mimosaceae Black catechu, Wadalee gum

Kihiri Gayatrin, Khadira, Pathi drum

Karuvel, Cenkarungali, Karai, Kacu-k- katti

674. Mimosa octandraa Leguminosae - Raththana - -

675. Mimosa pudica Mimosaceae Sensitive plant, Sleepy plant, Touch-me-not

Nidi Kumba Lajjalu- samanga Ilaccaki, Tottalvati, Thottaccurungi

676. Mimusops elengi Sapotaceae Spanish cherry, Medlar, Bullet wood

Moonamal Vakula, Bakula, Kesara

Magizha, Magilam, Magizamaram, Ilanji

677. Mimusops indica Sapotaceae Four O’ clock, Beauty-of-the night

Palu - Paalai

678. Mirabilis jalapa Nyctaginaceae Four o'clock flower, Marvel of Peru

Hendirikka - Krishnakeli Pattiratci, Andhi Mandarai

679. Mitragyna Tubulosa Rubiaceae - Haelamba, Halamba

Bhumikadamba? Nirkadambai

680. Mollugo cerviana Molluginaceae Thread stem Carpet weed, Fever plant

Pathpadagam Phanya, Parpataka Parpaatakam, Parpadagum

681. Mollugo spergula Molluginaceae Bitter leaf Theerapala Dheera Tirayaanti

682. Momordica charantia

Cucurbitaceae Bitter melon, Bitter gourd, Bitter squash, Balsam-pear

Karawila, Karavila Karavella (Karavīra) Karavellakah

Itaka-valli, Pagakkai, Pakal, Paval

683. Momordica dioica Cucurbitaceae Spiny gourd Thumba Karivila Bankreal Palupalagakalungai, Palupakarkoti

684. Monochoria hastata (arrowleaf Sida, false pickerel weed, Beal = plant)

Pontederiaceae Arrow leaf pond weed, Arrow leaf monochoria, Hastate leaf, Pond weed

Moodu awara Arusakara Tankacci

685. Morinda citrifolia Rubiaceae Great morinda, Indian mulberry, Noni, Be

Ahu, Ahugaha, Yhugaha.

Achchhuka Manjanatti, Mancanaari, Munja pavattay, Nuna, Periyanuna,


60


ach mulberry, Cheese fruit.

Vellainunaa

686. Morinda coreia Rubiaceae - Goda Ahu - Nuna

687. Moringa oleifera Drumstick Tree Murunga Sigru- sobhanjana Murunkai, Murungai

688. Mucuna pruriens, Mucuna prurita

Fabaceae Velvet bean, Bengal velvet bean, Florida velvet bean, Mauritius velvet bean, Yokohama velvet bean, Cowage, cowitch, lacuna bean, Lyon bean

Wanduru Me, Vanduru Mee-

Atmagupta, Kapikacchu

Punaikkali, Poonaikkaali

689. Mucuna gigantia Fabaceae Seabean, Sea Bean

Kana-Pus-Waela Kana pus vaela

- Punaikkali

690. Mugonia mystax Linaceae - Bu - Gemiya, Boo Gaemiya

- Punaikkali

691. Muehlenbergia viridissima

Poaceae - Garudaraja - -

692. Munronia pinnata, Ophelia Chirata

Fabaceae Indian Beech, Pongam Oiltree

Bin Kohomba, Bim Kohomba

Naktamāla Pungai

693. Muntingia calabura

Muntingiaceae Jamaica Cherry, Strawberry Tree, Jam tree

Jaam gaha, Jam, Jaaem Gaha

- Ten pazham

694. Murraya exotica, Murraya paniculata

Rutaceae Orange Jasmine, Chines Box

Aetteriya, Etteriya - Cimaikkonci, Konci

695. Murraya koenigii Spreng.

Rutaceae curry leaf tree Karapincha Surabhinimba, Kalasaka, Mahanimba, Girinimba (i.e., = mountain-neem)-

Kariveppilai (kariveppi-ilai i.e., ilai=3Dleaf), karivempu

696. Musa paradisiaca Musaceae Banana Kesel, Ramba Kadali, Rambha Tatam

697. Musa sapeintum Musaceae Banana plant, Plantain

Modan Kesel Kadal Vaazhai, Vaazhaipoo


61


698. Mussaenda frondosa

Rubiaceae Wild mussenda Mussanda Nagvalli, Sreeparna, Rajatari, Sreepatri, Sreemati

velli ilai

699. Myristica dactyloides

Myristicaceae - Malaboda Jatiphala- Pattapanku, Katujathika

700. Myristica horsfieldia Myristicaceae - Puvangu, Puwangu - -

701. Myristica fragrans Myristicaceae Nutmeg tree Sadikka, Saadikka,

Vasa-vasi

Jatiphala, Jatiphalam

Jathikai, Atipalam, Jathipattiri

702. Myrtus canescens

Myrtaceae Ceylon Gooseberry

Sitha Pera, Seetha Pe~ra,

- -

703. Nelumbo nucifera Nelombonaceae Indian lotus, Sacred lotus, Bean of India, Simply lotus

Nelum Kamala, Arvinda Tamarai, Ambal, Thamareri

Sivapputamarai,

704. Neolitsea cassia,

(Laurus Cassia)

Lauraceae Grey Bollywood, Smooth-barb bollygum

Kudu Duvala, Davul Kurundu, Dawul Kurundu

- -

705. Nepenthes distillatoria

Nepenthaceae Pitcher plant Bandura, Benduru - -

706. Nephelium lappaceum

Sapindaceae Ramboostan Rambutan - -

707. Nephelium longanum, c.f., Euphoria longan

Sapindaceae Longan, Lungan, Dragon eye

Mora - Nurai, Mura’li

708. Neptunia oleracea, Desmanthus natans

Fabaceae Garden puff, Water mimosa

Jalakumba Alambusa Sundaikkirai, Kuntikkirai

709. Nerium oleander,

Nerium indicum

Apocynace Oleander Kaneru, Arali-kaduru

Karavir Arali, Kanaviram

710. Nicotiana tabacum Solonaceae Common tobacco, Tobacco

Dumkola Tamagu, Taamraparna, Dhuumrapatraa

Pugaiyilai, Phaielai

711. Nyctanthes arborstristis

Oleaceae Night Flowering jasmine

Sepalika Sephalika, Parijath- Paricatam, Parijata


62


712. Nymphaea esculenta

Nymphaceae White water lily Konda - -

713. Nymphaea lotus Nymphaceae Nymphaea lotus, Tiger lotus, White lotus, Egyptian white water-lily

Ma-Nelum - Allitamarai

714. Nymphaea pubescens

Nymphaceae Hairy water lily, Pink water-lily

Olu, O~lu Kumuda Alli, Vell ambal

715. Nymphaea Stelleta Nymphaceae Blue lotus, Star lotus, Red and Blue water lily, Blue star water lily

Nil Maanel, Nil Mahanel

Indheevara, Niluppala Neelambal, Kamalam,

Alli Tamarei

716. Nymphoides indica, Nymphaea hydrophylla

Menyanthaceae Water Snowflake, Banana plant

Kumudu - Chinnambal,

717. Nypa fruticans Arecaceae Nipa palm, Mangrove plant

Gin Pol, Nipa, moodu-puvak

- -

718. Ochrosia parviflora Apocynaceae - Moodu kaduru - -

719. Ocimum basilicum Lamiaceae Basil, Sweet basil Suvandatala Ajaganothika, Surabhi, Tulasidevesha, Tungi, Manjarika

Tirunirruppaccai,

Tirunitru

720. Ocimum canum Lamiaceae African mint, American basil, Asian basil, hairy basil

Heentala Ajaka, Arjaka, Gambhitr

Pakli, Korai, Naitulasi, Palinkiam

721. Ocimum sanctum

Ocimum tenuiflorum

Lamiaceae Holy basil Maduruthala Surasa Karuntulaci, Tulaci, Alungai, Kullai, Tulasi

722. Odina woodier Sapotaceae Indian ash tree Hik Jhingini Othiya maram, Oti

723. Ophiorrhiza mungos Rubiaceae Mongoose plant, Indian snakeroot

Dhath Ketiya, Dhath Ketiya

Sarpakhsi, sarpari Kirippurantan, Kirippuntu,

724. Opuntia dillenii Cactaceae Cactus, Prickly-pear

Katu pathok Mahavriksha, Vajrakantaka, Vidara-vishvasaraka

Naga-dali, Sappathukalli


63


725. Ornitrophe serrata Sapindaceae Black false currant Moodu Kobbe Triputa Amalai

726. Oroxylum indicum Bignoniaceae Broken bones plant, Indian calosanthes, Indian Trumpet, tree of Damocles

Thotila, Totila syonaka, aralu,shyonaka, dunduka

Vanga, Achi, pana, Cori-konnai, Palai-y-utaicci, Puta-puspam

727. Oryza rufipogon, - derennis moench (pig grass)

Poaceae Brown beard rice, Wild Riceand red rice

Uoorutana - Kozhinelli

728. Oryza sativa Poaceae Asian rice, Rice, Paddy rice, Chowdhury rice

Wee, Vee, haal Sahal, Goyam,

tandula, Sali, Vrihi, Dhanya nivara, Syali

Nel, Nellu, Arisi

729. Osbeckia octranda Melastomataceae Eight Stamen Osbeckia

Heen Bovitiya, Heen Bowitiya

Jaleshani, Kharapatri, Svabhrapushpi

-

730. Osbeckia parvifolia, O-rubicunda

Melastomataceae Small-Leaf Osbeckia

Bovitiya, Bowitiya - Cherkulathi

731. Osbeckia wakeri, Kendrikuia walkeri

Melastomataceae - Bovitya, Bowitiya- - -

732. Pandanus amaryllifolius

Pandanaceae Screw pine, Pandan leaves, Umbrella tree, Screw tree

Rampa, Rampe, Rampeh

- Tazhai, Ramba

733. Palaquium grande Sapotaceae - Kiripedda, Kiripaedda

- -

734. Palaquium rubiginosum

Sapotaceae - Tawenna, Tavaenna

- -

735. Palaquium petriolare

Sapotaceae - Kirihembiliya, Kirihaembiliya

- -

736. Panicum crus-galli Poaceae Common barnyardgrass

Vael muruk, Walmuruk

Varuka Cāmai,Varaku

737. Paritimn tilliaceum Ranunculaceae - Belli-patta - -

738. Parkia timoriana, Parkia Roxburghii (tree bean)

Fabaceae Tree bean Saputa Maara, Toku-gedi gaha?

Sapota Shivalaingada Maara (dravidian languages)?


64


739. Paspalum scrobiculatum (Kodo millet)

Poaceae Kodo Millet Amu Sal Kodravah, varuka Vapitam, Varagu, Varuka

740. Passiflora edulis Passifloraceae Passion fruit Vael Dodang Mukkopeera Ciru punai-k-kali-

741. Pavetta indica Rubiaceae Indian pavetta, Indian pellet-shrub

Pavatta Papata, Kakachdi Pavattai, Karanai, Kattukkaranai

742. Pavonia odorata Malvaceae Fragrant Swamp Mallow, Pavonia fragrant

Pusha baebila, Mal-baebila, Pusha bebila Pichcha, Vaala

Mahabala, Mahavaala Udichya, Varinamaka

Peramutti, Avibattam

743. Pavonia zeylanica Malvaceae - Kurundthati Bala, Chitraka

Thengai poondu, Sittamutti, Mammatti, Sevagan, Cirramuttii, Chitta mutti, Chittira moolam, Karimai

744. Penicillaria involucratum

Poaceae Bulrush Millet, Pearl Millet

Pothuhaera - Pottukkampu

745. Pennisetum polystachyon

Poaceae Thin Napier grass Pogon Grass -

746. Pericopsis mooniana

Fabaceae Nandu Wood Nedun, Naedun - -

747. Persea americana Lauraceae Avocado pear Aligeata pera, Aligeta pera, Alipera

Neera-beeja, Neerabijh

Vennai pazham, Vennaip-palam

748. Phaseolus aureus Robx (green gram)

Fabaceae Green gram, Mung bean

Mung, Mun Haritha mudga Moong, Chiruppataru, Chiruppayaru , Pani-payir, Pasi payaru

749. Phaseolus mungo (black gram)

Fabaceae Black Gram, Black Lentil, Black Matpe

Ulundu, Undu Mudga Uluntu, Payaru

750. Phlomis ceylanica Rutaceae - Kuramba - Dron2a-pushpi, Kula-pAlaka

751. Phoberos macrophyllus

Podocarpaceae Buddhist Pine, Fern Pine

Katu Kurundu - -

752. Phoenix sylvestris

Arecaceae Silver Date Palm, Sugar Date Palm, Silver date palm, Wild date palm

Wal Indi, Val Indi Kharjurh, Kharjuri Inthupaanai, Kattinchu, Icham


65


753. Phyllanthus debilis, Phyllanthus niruri Phyllanthus airy-shawii (Niruri )

Phyllanthaceae Niruri, Stonebreaker, Seed-under-leaf

Pitawakka, Pitavakka

Thaamalaki, Drdhapadia

Keezha Nelli

754. Phyllanthus emblica Phyllanthaceae Indian goose berry, Malacca tree, Myrobalan

Nelli Dhatri, Amala, Amalika

Nelli, Toppi, Nellikaai

755. Phyllanthus urinaria Phyllanthaceae Common leaf flower, Stone breaker herb

Pitawakka Bahupatra, Bhumyamalaki, Ujjhata

Cirukilanelli, Civappu kilanelli

756. Picrorrhiza kurroa Plantaginaceae Picrorrhiza Katukarosana Katuka, Anjani, Arishta, Katumbhara

Katukarogini, Kadugurohini, Acokarokini, Akutam, Akutarokini, Amakkini

757. Pimpinella anisum Apiaceae Ani seed Mahaduru, Paeniduru, Sathapuspa

Shatapushpa- Makampu-

758. Piper betle Piperaceae Betel leaf Bulath Nagavalli, Tambula Verrilai, Vettilai, Vettila (Mal), Tamalapaku (Tel), = veeleya/vilya = 20 (K),Vidyache pan (Marathi)

759. Piper longum Piperaceae Indian Long pepper

Thippili Pippali, Kana, Magadhi, Ushana

Pippili, tippili, Pipallu (Tel), Tippali (Mal), Hipli (K)

760. Piper nigrum Piperaceae Black pepper Gammiris Maricam Milaku, Milagu

761. Pisionia grandis Nyctaginaceae Lettuce tree Vaathabhanga, Wathabanga, Ketta-kola

- Lechai-Kottai-Keerai Chandi keerai, Nachu Kottai keerai

762. Plantago ovata, P. arenaria (Psyllium, Ripple grass, = spaghula)

Plantaginaceae Blond psylium, Spoge seeds

Aspagolla Ashwagol, Ishadgola, Ashwakarnabeeja, Sheetabeeja

Iskolvirai, Iskol, Isphagol, Ishappukolvirai, Ishappukol

763. Pleurostylia opposita

Celastraceae

- Panakka - Karuvaali, Chiru Piyari, Sru piyari, Karuvali

764. Plumbago zeylanica Plumbaginaceae Plumbago. White leadwort, Ceylon leadwort

Ela Nitul Chitraka Kodiveli, Venkotiveli, Chitramoolam, Chittira


66


765. Plumeria acuminata (Temple flower, Frangipani, Champac) = Plumeria=20 rubra

Apocynaceae Frangipani, Temple power, Graveyard flower

Araliya Devagannagalu Arali, Perungalli, Kanagile, Kuppiyalani

766. Polyalthia longifolia Annonaceae Ahok, False ashok, Mast tree

Owila, Ovila, Asoka Asoka ulkatah, Putrajiva

Nettilinkam, Assothi, Vansulam

767. Pometia tomentosa Sapindaceae - Mora - Murali, Chem-poovam

768. Pongamia glabra

Pongamia Pinnata

Fabaceae Indian beech, Pongam oiltree

Karanda Naktamaala, Karanja, Karanja

Kolliyam, Pungai

pomka, Punku, Pungu

769. Portulaca oleracea (Purslane)

Portulacaceae Pigweed, Little hogweed, Red root, Pursley, Moss rose

Genda kola Lonica Karikkirai, Pulikkirai

770. Premna integrifolia Verbenaceae Headache tree Maa Midi Ganakasika, Agnimantha

Munnai, Aranai

771. Premna serratifolia Verbenaceae Headache tree Heen Midi Angnimantha Pasumunnai, Erumai-mullai, Perumunnai, Munnai

772. Prunus ceylanica

Rosaceae Ceylon cherry Katu Lovi, Lovi Threatened plant

Katilai, Pallankachchi, Attanarei Attanrikongu; Muttainari Kongu

773. Psidium guajava Myrtaceae Guava, Yellow guava,

Lemon guava

Pera, Koiya Peruka, Mansala Sengoyya, Koyya

774. Pterocarpus marsupium

Fabaceae

Indian Kino Tree Gammaalu, Gammalu

Asanah, Pitasala, Pitasara, Bijaka, Pitasara, Pitashalaka, Vijaysar

Vengai

775. Pterocarpus santalinus

Fabaceae

Red Sanders, Red Sandal wood, Saunders wood

Rathhandun, Rath Handun, Rath keeriya?

Raktacandana- Cencantam, Sensandanum

776. Pterospermum canescens

Malvaceae - Velang, Welan - Vennangu

777. Punica granatum Punicaceae Apple of Grenada Delum Dadima- lohitapuspaka

Matulai, Matulam, Madulai


67


778. Putranjiva zelanica Putranjivaceae - Pelen Apatyamjivah, Putranjivah

Karupali

779. Randia dumetorum Rubiaceae Emetic nut Kukuruman Madana Matukkarai, Maruk Kalam

780. Rauvolfia serpentina

Apocynaceae Indian snakeroot, Snake Root, Serpentine Root

Ekaveriya, Ekaweriya

Sarpagandha, Chandrika

Cuvanamilpoti, Covannamilpori

781. Rhinacanthus communis

Acanthaceae Snake jasmine, Vael anitta, Wael Aniththa

Thikapar, Yudhikaparni, Yoodhikaparni

Nakamalli, Nakamallikai, Urgamalli

782. Rhizophora mucronata, R. Apiculata

Rhizophoraceae Loop-root mangrove, Red mangrove, Asiatic mangrove

Maha Kadol - Kandal, Peykkandal

783. Rhododendron arboreum

Ericaceae Tree Rhododendron, Rose tree

Maha ratmal, Maha Rath Mal, Aselamal

Lali Guranth

Billi, Varasu

784. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, Rhodomyrtus parviflora, Myrtus canescens = (Ceylon=20 Gooseberry)

Myrtaceae Ceylon hill gooseberry, Hill guava, Rose myrtle

Sitha Pera Gandhamalati Thavittu koya Cativam, Kulinaval, Sadevam, Tevam, Tevamamaram

785. Rhynchoglossum notonianum

Gesneriaceae East Indian klugia Nildiva, Nari nakuta - -

786. Ricinus communis L Euphorbiaceae Castor oil plant, Castor, Castor bean, Wonder tree

Erandu, Gadamba

Eranda, Erandagaccha (pali)

Amanakku, Erantam

787. Rosmarinus officinalis,L (Rosemary)

Lamiaceae Rosemary Rasunaetta, Roomari (rasunaeti?)

Rusmari Atimaturamver

788. Rotula aquatic.L Boraginaceae Aquatic rotula Galhura Pashanabhedah mutraa, Ashmahabhedah

Seppunerinji, Ceppunerinji


68


789. Rubia cordifolia. Linn.

Rubiaceae Indian Madder Vael-madata, Kothala Himbutu

Manjishtha, Samanga, Manjith, Majith

Mancitti, Manditti

790. Rubus leucocarpus Rosaceae Black berries Wal Rosa, Val ro~sa - -

791. Ruta graveolens Rutaceae Rue Aruda Sudapa Arvata, Arvada

792. Saccharum officinarum

Poaceae Sugar cane, Noble cane

Uk, Ukgas Sarkara, Ikshu, Pundrakah

Karumbu, Karumpu, Pundaram

793. Sacciopelsis interrupta

Poaceae - Beru Tall reedy grass -

794. Salacia prinoides, Salacia Reticulata

Celastraceae Salacia Kothala-himbutu - -

795. Salvadora persica (tooth-brush tree, Miswak)

Salvodoraceae Toothbrush tree, Mustard tree, Mustard bush

Maliththana Gudaphala, Brihatpalu, Pilu

Opa, Uka, Ughai puttai

796. Santalum album Satalaceae White sandle wood Sudu Handun Chandana- Cantanam

797. Sapindus emarginatus

Sapindaceae Soapnut tree - - -

798. Saraca asoca Fabaceae, Caesalpiniaceae

Ashoka tree Asoka, Diya ratambala

Ashoka Asoka, Asoka pattai

799. Saraca indica Fabaceae Ashoka Tree Diya Ratmal - Asoka pattai

800. Sarcocephalus cordatus (Leichhardt tree)

Rubiaceae

Canary cheese wood, Vang Kieng

Bakini, Bakmi, Bakmee, (Piya?)

- -

801. Scaevolas koenigii, S. Takkada

Goodeniaceae Beach Cabbage, Sea Lettuce, Beach Naupaka, Rice-paper plant

Thakkada - Vella muttagam

802. Schleichera oleosa, Schleichera trijuga (Lac tree, Ceylon Oak,=20 Macassar-oil tree)

Sapindaceae Ceylon oak, Lac tree, Gum lac tree

Koon, (Ko~n) Mukulakah, Rakthamrah

Kumbadiri , Puvatti-puvam, Pumarata, Modakapulasu (Telegu)

803. Scleria oryzoides Cyperaceae - Pothu-pan, Pothukola, Pothuhara

- Poththu?


69


804. Scleria tesselata Cyperaceae - Wel karawu, Vel karavu

- -

805. Semecarpus (semicarpus) gardneri

Anacardaceae marking nut tree Badulla, Sanne nayan

- Kado-seragam

806. Sesamum indicum (Sesame, gingilly)

Pedaliaceae Gingelli, Gingelly, Sesame plant, Sesame seeds.

Thala Tila Ellu, Ella

807. Sesbania grandiflora (Scarlet wisteria tree, Swamp = pea, =20 West Indian pea.)

Fabaceae Humming bird tree Kathuru Murunga Agasti, Varnari, Munipriya, Drigapalaka -

Akatthi

808. Shorea robusta Dipterocarpaceae Shala tree Sal Saala Agnivallabha, Ashvakarna, Ashvakarnika

Kungkiliyam, Attam, Venkungilium, Chaalamban

809. Shorea stipularis Dipterocarpacea - Nawada, Navada, Hulan Idda

- -

810. Sida periplocifolia Malvaceae - Vilvae~ra - -

811. Sida rhombifolia Malvaceae Jely leaf, Queensland hemp (Arrowleaf sida, Indian hemp)

Kotikan baebila, Babila, Sithalulaka, Sulubalila "bevila"

Naagabala, Mahabala, Atibala

Kurunthotti

812. Silybum marianum Asteraceae Milk thistle, Blessed milk thistle, Marian thistle, Mary thistle, Saint Mary's thistle

Rath-Ikiriya? - -

813. Simmondsia chinesis (Jojoba)

Simmondsiaceae Goat nut, Deer nut, Pignut, Wild hazel, Quinine nut, Coffeeberry, Gray box bush

Godawavletiya, Godavavletiya?-

- -


70


814. Smilax zeylanica Smilacaceae Indian sarsaparilla - Chopachinee, Vanamadhusnuhi

Ayadi, Tirunamappalai

815. Solanum anguivi Solanaceae

Forest Bitterberry, English children's tomato, Children's potato

- - Karimulli, Mulli

816. Solanum erianthum Solanaceae

Potato tree, Tobacco tree, Mullein, Velvet night shade,

- Gandira, Pathi, Priyamkari, Vidari

Aanai sundaikkai, Suntan, Karimulli, Mulkathari, Sundai

817. Solanum ferox Solanaceae

Hairy-fruited egg plant

- - Yanaiccuntai

818. Solanum giganteum Solanaceae

Healing-leaf tree, Giant bitter-apple, Red bitter-apple, Red bitter-berry, Thorny bug-tree

- - Paintilikakkoti

819. Solanum indica, S. indicum

Solanaceae

Cockroach berry, Crispy brinjal, Dutch eggplant , Love apple

Thibbatu, batu Brahati Karimulli, Mulli

820. Solanum melongena (prickly night shade)

Solanaceae

Egg plant, Aubergine

Elabatu Bhantaki Valutalai

821. Solanum macrocarpon (Brinjals, Egg Plant)

Solanaceae

Bush tomato, Indian night shade, Poison berry, Sparrow's brinjal

Wambotu, Vambatu, Vambotu

Vatimgana Kattari

822. Solanum mauritianum

Solanaceae

Woolly night shade, Ear-leaved, Flannel weed, Night shade, Bugtree,

Wal varaa - -


71


823. Solanum seaforthianum

Solanaceae

Climbing night shade, Potato creeper

Wal Thibbbatu - -

824. Solanum surattense Solanaceae

Yellow-berried Nightshade, Febrifuge plant

Kauvael batu, Kahabatu

- Nitiktika, Kantankattirai, Kandan kattiri

825. Solanum trilobatum Solanaceae

Purple fruited Pea Egg plant

Vael Tibbotu Alarka Tutuvalai, Thuthulai, Thoodhuvalai

826. Solanum xanthocarpum; synon: S. surattense, S. virginianum, S. jacquini

Solanaceae

Yellow-berried Nightshade, yellow-fruit nightshade

Katuwael Batu Nidigdhika- kantakari, Kateli

Kantankattiri

827. Solemostemon rotundifolius

Lamiaceae

Mangrove apple, Chinese potato

Innala - Ciṟu kiḻaṅku (Sirukizhangu)

828. Sonneratia caseolaris

Lythraceae

Mangrove Apple, Crabapple Mangrove

Kirala - Ucittakarai, Kinnai

829. Sophora tomentosa, Linn.

Fabaceae Tootache plant, Necklacepod, Silver bush, Yellow necklacepod

Moodu Murunga - Usimalligai

830. Spilanthes acmella, L

Compositae Rolling Grass, Beach Spinifex, Pellitary

Akmella Pipulka- Akki-rakaram, Vana-Mugali

831. Spinifex squarrosus, L

Gramineae, poaceae

Indian plum Maha Raavana Raevula

Vishakandaki Raavana-meesai

832. Spondias magnifera, Pers

Anacardiaceae Wild mango, Indian hog plum

Sarana Amraataka Kaatambalam, Kincam

833. Stachytarpheta dichotoma, Ruiz & Pav

Verbenaceae Blue snakeweed, Cayenne snakeweed, Blue top, Nettle-leaf

Sudu balunakuta - -


72


porterweed, Rattail

834. Stachytarpheta mutabilis, Vahl

Verbenaceae Changeable velvetberry, Coral porterweed, Pink snakeweed, Red snakeweed, Pink rat tail

Maha balunakuta - -

835. Stachytarpheta urticaefolia

Verbenaceae Invasiv weed Balunakuta - -

836. Stemonurus apicalis Stemonuraceae Icacinaceae

- Uruhonda - -

837. Sterculia balanghas Malvaceae Panama tree Nava, Nawa - -

838. Stereospermum chelonoids

Trumpet tree, Snake tree

Ela-Palol Kastapatala, Patala Ambuvagina, Padiri, Pathiriver, Pumbadiri

839. Stereospermum suaveolens, Roxb.

Bignoniaceae Toothbrush tree Palol Paataala, KaamavRntA, KRSNavRntA

Patirimaram

840. Streblus asper Lour Sandpaper tree, Siamese rough bush, (Salvadora persica is also known as "tooth brush tree)

Moraceae

Sand paper tree, Toothbrush tree

Nitul, Gaeta Nitul, Netul

Shakhotaka, Saakhota, Pathrollekhatharu

Pira, Piraay, Parai-maram

841. Strobilanthes calycina

Acanthaceae

Pea blue Kaha Nelu - -

842. Strobilanthes hookeri

Acanthaceae - Sudu Nelu - -

843. Strobilanthes pulcherrima, S.-viscosa

Acanthaceae Strobilanthes Nelu - -

844. Strychnos nux-vomica, L.

Loganiaceae Snake wood tree, Strychnine Tree,

Kaduru, Goda Kaduru

Kalshti, Kupilu, Vishamushti

Yetti, Ettiu, Kanchurai, Etti


73


Nux-vomica tree, Poison nut

845. Strychnos potatorum, L. f.

Loganiaceae Big-leaf Mahogany, Clearing nut tree

Inginiya Kataka Theatta, Terran kottai, Tettankottai,

846. Swietenia macrophylla, King

Meliaceae Big-leaf mahogany, Large-leaved Mahogany, Brazilian Mahogany

Burutha Mahogany Mahogany, Tettankottai

847. Syzygium fergusoni, Gamble

Myrtaceae Bell fruit, Water apple, Water cherry, Watery rose apple

Val Karabu, Wal karabu

- -

848. Syzygium jambos, Linn. Alst (Jamun tree, rose apple)

Myrtaceae Rose apple, Plum rose, Malabar plum

Jambu Champeya Perunaval George Willty, Campai, Champai

849. Syzygium makul, Gaertner

Myrtaceae Water apple Alubo - -

850. Tabernaemontana divaricata, Linn.) Roem. & Schult

Apocynaceae

Crape Jasmine, East India Rosebay

Watusudda, Vathusudda

Nandivrksah, Nandeevriksha, Khsirika, Ksheeri, Vishnupriya

Adukkunandiyavattai, Nandi-battai, Nandiar-vattai

851. Tamarindus indica, Linn

Caesalpiniaceae Fabaceae

Tamarind Siyambala Amlika, Tintrini, Tintili Puli, Puliyamaram

852. Tectona grandis Linn.

Verbenaceae Teak, Indian Oak The~kka Saaka, Sabarasaara, Kolaphala, bardaru, bhumisah, dwardaru,=20 kharchchada

Thekku, Tekku

853. Terminalia arjuna Combretaceae Arjuna, Arjun tree Kumbuk Kakubha- Maruthu, Marutu, Marudha Maram

854. Terminalia bellirica, Roxb.

Combretaceae Beleric, bastard myrobalan,

Bulu Bibhitaki, Bhaira Vibhitaki,

Tanri, Tanikkay, Pulu, Akkam, Todikai, Thanakkai, Tanrikkai, Tani


74


Belleiric Myrobalan

Karshaphala, Kalidruma, Bahera

Bengali

855. Terminalia catappa Linn.

Comberataceae Tropical Almond, Bastard almond, Beach almond, Bengal almond

Kottan, Kottamba Tailaphala Nattuvadumai, Nattu-vadam,

856. Terminalia chebula, Retz

Combretaceae Chebulic myrobalan

Hari-taka, Aralu Haritaki Katukkay, Kadukkai,

857. Thespesia populnea, Linn.

Malvaceae Portia tree, False rosewood, Fountain tree, Indian tulip, Pacific Rose wood, Seaside Mahoe

SOORIYA, Suriya, Gam sooriya

Plaksa, Kapitana, Parisa

Puvarasu, Poovarasu

858. Tinospora cordifolia, Thunb.) Miers Cocculus cordifolius

Menispermaceae Indian Tinaspora, Heart leaf moon seed

Rasakinda amrta, Guruchi, Amritavalli, Cinnodbhava

Seenthil, Cintil, Shindil-kodi, Amirthavalli, Kunali

859. Toddalia aculeate, Pers.

Rutaceae Toon tree, Orange climber

Kudu Miris Kanchana, Dahana.

Milagaranai

860. Trianthema monogyna, L.

Aizoaceae

Black pig weed, Desert horse-purslane, Giant pig weed, Horse-purslane

Sarana Chiratika, Dhanapatra, Dirghapatrika

Sharunnai, Shavalai, Charu velai

861. Tribulus terrestris L. (Puncturevine, Caltrop, Yellow Vine, and Goathead)

Zygophyllaceae Puncture vine, Caltrop, Cow hage, Goathead, Small caltrops, Tribulus

Gokatu, Nerenchi Goksura, Gokantaka, Svadanstra etc,

Sembu Nerenchi, Neruncil, Nerenjikeeraai

862. Trichosanthes cucumerina, Tr. anguina

Cucurbitaceae Snake gourd Snake cucumber

Pathola, Dummalla Cicindah Pudulankaai, Pudol, Kurattai, Sauri

863. Trigonella foenum graecum

Fabaceae Fenugreek, Feugreok

Uluhaal, Uluhal Methika, Peetbeeja, Chandrika

Vendayam


75


864. Urandra apicalis, Thw.

Icacinaceae Stemonuraceae

- Uruhonda, Urukan - -

865. Urena lobata, Linn. Malvaceae Caesar weed aramina plant, Bur mallow, Cadillo, Chinese burr, Indian mallow, Pink burr

Eapala Vanabhenda Ottuttutti, Ottatti

866. Uraria picta, Jacq Leguminosae Papilionoideae

- Pusvaenna, Pusvenna

Prushniparni, Prishnaparni Plaksha

Sittirappaladai

867. Utricularia stellaris, Linn

Lentibulariaceae Bladder Wort, Star bladder wort

Banduru - Kutapaci, Kattuppaci

868. Vaccinium symplocifolium (G. Don

Ericaceae, Vacciniaceae

Lingon berry, Cowberry

Boralu - -

869. Vateria copallifera, Retz. Alston

Dipterocarpaceae - Hal Ajakama Vellai-kungilian

870. Ventilago madraspatana, Gaertn.

Rhamnaceae Red Creeper

Yakkada Vael Raktavalli, Dinesavalli Surulbattaikkoti, Vempadam Tam, Curulpattai, Pappili

871. Vernonia anthelmintica, L, Willd.

Asteraceae Blue fleabane, Purple fleebane

SanniNaasa, Krumisatru

Simaraaji, Avalguja, Vaakushi, Aranyajirak, Aval, Guja, Kanana-jeraka,

kattuccirakam, Canni nayakam, Katchirangam, Cittilai, Kattuccirakam, Kattu shiragam, Kattuc-cirakam

872. Vernonia cinerea Asteraceae Ironweed, Little ironweed, Small ronweed, Vernonia, Purple fleabane

Monara Kudumbiya Dandotpala, Devasasha, Gandhavalli, Vishvadeva, Sahadev

Neyccitti, puvamkurundal, Sahadevi, Naichotte- poonde

873. Vernonia zeylanica Asteraceae Compositae

Pupula, Heen botiya

- Kuppilai

874. Vetiveria zizanioides

Poaceae Vetiver, Khas-khas, Khus-khus, Cuscus Grass

Savandara Ushira, Reshira, Sugandhimula

Vettiver, Kuruver


76


875. Vigna marina Fabaceae Field Bean, Beach pea; Notched cowpea

Karal Leema Karal Li-me

- Kodippayaru

876. Vigna radiate, Var. Fabaceae Green gram Mung, Moong Masaparni, Mudgaparni

Paccha payaru, Karumpayir

877. Vigna unguiculata, Linn.

Fabaceae Cow pea, Blackeyed pea

Mae karal Rajamasha, Mahamasha

Kaaraamani or Karamani Payir or Thatta Payir, kattu ulundu

878. Vitex altissima, L.f. Verbenaceae Peacock Chaste Tree, Tail Chaste Tree, Peacock's foot tree

Milla Atulam, Tilakam, Mayurukha

Mayilatinocci, Mayilainochi

Maila, Mayilaadi

879. Vitex negundo, VY-teks

(Chaste tree)

Verbenaceae Five leaved chaste tree, Horseshoe vitex, Chinese chaste tree

Nika,

Sudu-nika

Nirgundi, Sinduvara, Indrani

Karunochchi, Ven nocci, Nochi,

Chinduvaram; Nirnochchii, Notchi, Vellai-nochchi

880. Vitex pinnata, L

Verbenaceae Ceylon laban,

Chaste tree

Milla Bhadia, Gohora Kata-manakka

881. Vitex trifolia, Linn. Verbenaceae Three-leaved chaste tree, Simple leaf chaste tree

Indian privet, Indian wild pepper

Nika, Mee-ang Milla Alanirgundi, Sindhuka, Surasa, Vrikshaha

Nirnochchi, Shirunoch-chi

882. Vitis vinifera, L Vitaceae Grape, Wild grape, Wine-grape

Midi Draksha , Mudrika Thirashai, Draksha

883. Walsura piscida Meliaceae - Kiri Koon - Valasura, Malaivirali, Cattuvakku Walsura, Cheddavokko, Kanjimaram

884. Walsura trifolia, (A. Juss.) Harms

Meliaceae Walsura Kiri Koon - Cattuvakku, Valsura

885. Wattakaka volubilis, (L.f.) Stapf

Asclepiadaceae Green milkweed Climber,

Sneeze Wort

Anguna Madhumalati, Svarnalata

Kodippalai, Kurincha


77


886. Wedelia chinensis, Osbeck) Merr

Asteraceae Chinese wedelia Ranwan Keekirindi- Bhringaraj, Pitabhrnga, Pitabhrngarajah

Manjalkarilamkanni, Patalai kayyantakarai

887. Withania somnifera, L Dunal Physalis somnifera L.

Solanaceae Indian ginseng, Winter cherry, Poison gooseberry

Amunkara, Aswaganda, Ashwagandha

Ashwagandha, Ashvagandha, Ashvakandika

Amukkrang kilangu, Amukkira, Ammukkirai

888. Woodfordia fruticosa, Kurz.

Lythraceae Fire Flame Bush,

Malitha Dhataki, Dawi, Santha, Dhaura, Parvati, Bahupuspika

Velakkai, Kattaddi

889. Wrightia antidysenterica, Wall. Ex A. DC

Apocynaceae Coneru, Kurchi, Tellicherry Bark, Conessi tree

Pethi Idda, Wal Idda

Kutaja Vet palai, Veppalai

890. Wrightia religiosa, JPG.

Apocynaceae Water Jasmine, Lady’s earrings, Wild water plum, Wondrous wrightia

Idda Mal Kutaja -

891. Wrightia zeylanica R. Br.

Apocynaceae Cavessi bark, Ivory tree, White angel, Easter tree, Common holarrhena, Conessi bark, Tellicherry bark

Idda Mal, Kelinda? Indrayava (seeds), Kutaj, Kutaja, Sakraparyaaya, Sakraasana

Indraban, Kodagapalei, Vennalai, Veppalei.

892. Xanthium strumarium, L.

Asteraceae Clotbur, Rough cocklebur, Common cocklebur, Cocklebur

Uru Kossa Arishta, Itara, Kambu-vanamalini, Sarpakshi

Marhe-matta, Marul-umathan Marul-oomatham

893. Xanthochymus pictorius, Roxb. Xanthocymus pictorius,

Clusiaceae Gamboge Tree, False mangosteen, Himalayan garcinia, Yellow mangosteen, Mysore gamboge

Kolon gaha, Kollan gaha Cochin goraka, Rata goraka

Bhavishya, Kalakhanda, Kusumodar

Paccilai, Pachilai, Pacchilai


78


894. Xylocarpus granatum J.König

Meliaceae Cannon ball tree Mal Kadol, Mutti kadol

- -

895. Xylopia championii Hook. f. & Thoms

Annonaceae Indian snake root, Mongoose plant

Dat Kaetiya - -

896. Xylopia nigricans Annonaceae - Heen Kenda, Heen Kaenda

- -

897. Xyris indica, L Xyridaceae - Ran Manissa, Rata Mota

Dadumari Kochillettipullu

898. Zanonia indica, Linn.

Cucurbitaceae - Val Rasakinda Dirghapatra Penarvalli

899. Zeuxine regia, Lindl. Orchidaceae Trinket snake Iruraja Iruraja -

900. Zingiber officinale, Roscoe.

Zingiberaceae Ginger Inguru ardraka Sunthi, Srungavera, Ardraka, Vishvabheshaja, Nagara, Adrak, Sonth

injzi, chukka, Ingee, sonti

901. Ziziphus jujube, (L.) Gaertn.

Rhamnaceae Jujube, Jujube tree, Chinese Date, Common jujube

Massan, Kaekuru Badara, dRDhabIja Ilandai, Nari-ilantai,

902. Ziziphus mauritiana Rhamnaceae Ber, Chinee apple, Jujube, Indian plum, Masau

Debara Badri munnatimatu, pallavaparunicceti, Elandhai

903. Ziziphus napeca, Willd.

Rhamnaceae Yak Eraminiya Kakoli Chusai, Surai

904. Ziziphus rugosa, Lam

Rhamnaceae Wrinkled jujube, Wild jujube

Maha Eraminiya - Totari

905. Ziziphus xylopyrus, Willd.

Rhamnaceae Woody fruited jujube

Kukuru Ghonta Katalcirai, Mullutuppai, Kottai, Kottai-y-ilantai

906. Zornia diphylla, (L)Pers.

Papilionaceae, Fabaceae

- - - Cirupalatai, Nelammari


79

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Scientific Names, Family and Selected Vernacular (English, Sinhala, Sanskrit and Tamil) Names

Biography of author(s)

Dr. (Mrs.) Sri Ranjani Sivapalan D.A.M.S (Hon’s) (SL), MAcF (SL), PG Diploma in Hospital Management (In.), M’University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. She was graduated from University of Colombo with Honors in Siddha Medicine. She achieved Master of Philosophy in Siddha Medicine from University of Jaffna and then gained Post Graduate Diploma iUniversity. She obtained her Ph.D. in Siddha Medicine from Tanjore University. She is a Scientist awardee from National Science Foundation Sri Lanka and registered as a member of Science and Technology Management is a life member of Jaffna Science Association, Sri Lanka. She is a one of the reviewer and editor of Wyno Academic Journals Journal of Medical sciences, and Journal of Biological Sciences. She was a member of Board of Medical SciGraduate Studies, and University of Jaffna. Her major research interests are Standardization, and antimicrobial activity of Medicinal Plants and Clinical Research. She is having university teaching experience more than 30 years. In the gprogram, she has taught Research Methodology. She has been supervised Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) and Master’s degree candidates. Even though she has been retired from the university service as a Senior Lecturer, continue her service as an external examiner for the Ph.D. and M. Phil, candidates from University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka, and from Dr. M. G. R. Medical University, India. She has authored 52 research articles in the areas of Clinical Research and Medicinal Plants, published inNational and International Journals and received Google Research Citations 163 at this moment.

Dr. (Ms.) Vinotha Sanmugarajah BSMS (1st Class) (SL), PhD (SL) University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. She is currently working as a Senior Lecturer, Unit of Siddha Medicine,degree, Bachelor of Siddha Medicine and Surgery (BSMS) with 1st class on 25th March 2005 from University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. She was awarded of Scholarships under HETC Project, Ministry of Higher EducatResearch Degree. She received her Ph.D. in Siddha Medicine on 24th April 2015 from Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Jaffna. She has ten years research experience and nine years teaching experience in Siddha MeShe is a life member of Jaffna Science Association, Section C, University of Jaffna from 2008. She has published 15 researchpapers in International Journals and obtained 45 citations at this instant. She presented 21 research finInternational and National academic conferences and the abstracts were published in the Conference Proceedings. Her research areas include Phytochemical, Physicochemical, Antioxidant, Clinical research and Siddha Medicine. She obtained tBest oral presentation award in the 1st International Congress of the Society for Ethno Pharmacology (ICSE 2014), at Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, India. She is a Reviewer in International Journals BMC (BioMed Central) Research Notes, Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal and Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science. She has been reviewed 80 research papers for above mentioned Journals and an evaluator for the thesis of Master of Philosophy in Siddha Medicine.

_________________________________© Copyright 2019 The Author(s), Licensee Book Publisher International, This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Dictionary of Medicinal PlantsScientific Names, Family and Selected Vernacular (English, Sinhala, Sanskrit and Tamil) Names

83

D.A.M.S (Hon’s) (SL), MAcF (SL), PG Diploma in Hospital Management (In.), M’Phil (SL), PhD (In.), Rtd.

She was graduated from University of Colombo with Honors in Siddha Medicine. She achieved Master of Philosophy in Siddha Medicine from University of Jaffna and then gained Post Graduate Diploma in Hospital Management from Madurai Kamaraj University. She obtained her Ph.D. in Siddha Medicine from Tanjore University. She is a Scientist awardee from National Science Foundation Sri Lanka and registered as a member of Science and Technology Management Information System. She is a life member of Jaffna Science Association, Sri Lanka. She is a one of the reviewer and editor of Wyno Academic Journals Journal of Medical sciences, and Journal of Biological Sciences. She was a member of Board of Medical SciGraduate Studies, and University of Jaffna. Her major research interests are Standardization, and antimicrobial activity of Medicinal Plants and Clinical Research. She is having university teaching experience more than 30 years. In the gprogram, she has taught Research Methodology. She has been supervised Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) and Master’s degree candidates. Even though she has been retired from the university service as a Senior Lecturer, continue her service as an

examiner for the Ph.D. and M. Phil, candidates from University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka, and from Dr. M. G. R. Medical University, India. She has authored 52 research articles in the areas of Clinical Research and Medicinal Plants, published in

d International Journals and received Google Research Citations 163 at this moment.

She is currently working as a Senior Lecturer, Unit of Siddha Medicine, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. She received her degree, Bachelor of Siddha Medicine and Surgery (BSMS) with 1st class on 25th March 2005 from University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. She was awarded of Scholarships under HETC Project, Ministry of Higher Education (2012), Sri Lanka for her Ph.D. Research Degree. She received her Ph.D. in Siddha Medicine on 24th April 2015 from Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Jaffna. She has ten years research experience and nine years teaching experience in Siddha Medicine related subjects. She is a life member of Jaffna Science Association, Section C, University of Jaffna from 2008. She has published 15 researchpapers in International Journals and obtained 45 citations at this instant. She presented 21 research finInternational and National academic conferences and the abstracts were published in the Conference Proceedings. Her research areas include Phytochemical, Physicochemical, Antioxidant, Clinical research and Siddha Medicine. She obtained tBest oral presentation award in the 1st International Congress of the Society for Ethno Pharmacology (ICSE 2014), at Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, India. She is a Reviewer in International Journals – SCIENCE DOMAIN International,

ed Central) Research Notes, Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal and Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science. She has been reviewed 80 research papers for above mentioned Journals and an evaluator for the thesis of Master of

________________________________________________________© Copyright 2019 The Author(s), Licensee Book Publisher International, This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


Phil (SL), PhD (In.), Rtd.

She was graduated from University of Colombo with Honors in Siddha Medicine. She achieved Master of Philosophy in Siddha n Hospital Management from Madurai Kamaraj

University. She obtained her Ph.D. in Siddha Medicine from Tanjore University. She is a Scientist awardee from National Information System. She

is a life member of Jaffna Science Association, Sri Lanka. She is a one of the reviewer and editor of Wyno Academic Journals – Journal of Medical sciences, and Journal of Biological Sciences. She was a member of Board of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Graduate Studies, and University of Jaffna. Her major research interests are Standardization, and antimicrobial activity of Medicinal Plants and Clinical Research. She is having university teaching experience more than 30 years. In the graduate program, she has taught Research Methodology. She has been supervised Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) and Master’s degree candidates. Even though she has been retired from the university service as a Senior Lecturer, continue her service as an

examiner for the Ph.D. and M. Phil, candidates from University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka, and from Dr. M. G. R. Medical University, India. She has authored 52 research articles in the areas of Clinical Research and Medicinal Plants, published in the

University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. She received her degree, Bachelor of Siddha Medicine and Surgery (BSMS) with 1st class on 25th March 2005 from University of Jaffna, Sri

ion (2012), Sri Lanka for her Ph.D. Research Degree. She received her Ph.D. in Siddha Medicine on 24th April 2015 from Faculty of Graduate Studies, University

dicine related subjects. She is a life member of Jaffna Science Association, Section C, University of Jaffna from 2008. She has published 15 research papers in International Journals and obtained 45 citations at this instant. She presented 21 research findings in different International and National academic conferences and the abstracts were published in the Conference Proceedings. Her research areas include Phytochemical, Physicochemical, Antioxidant, Clinical research and Siddha Medicine. She obtained the Best oral presentation award in the 1st International Congress of the Society for Ethno Pharmacology (ICSE 2014), at Sri

SCIENCE DOMAIN International, ed Central) Research Notes, Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal and Current Research in Nutrition and Food

Science. She has been reviewed 80 research papers for above mentioned Journals and an evaluator for the thesis of Master of

________________________________________________ © Copyright 2019 The Author(s), Licensee Book Publisher International, This is an Open Access article distributed under the

, which permits unrestricted

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