unit iii energy physical science forms of energy
DESCRIPTION
General Forms of Energy 1. Kinetic Energy: KE = ½ m v 2 The energy of motion. Anything that is moving has kinetic energy. Do these people have KE?TRANSCRIPT
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Unit III Energy
Physical Science Forms of Energy
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Energy is the ability to do work• Measured in Joules (J) just like work• All matter has energy
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General Forms of Energy1. Kinetic Energy: KE = ½ m v2
The energy of motion. Anything that is moving has kinetic energy.
Do these people have KE?
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2. Potential Energy: PE = mghEnergy that is stored or is not being used yet
Do these things have PE?
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How to change KE• Change the mass
or velocity of an object
• If velocity is doubled, KE is quadrupled
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Types of PEGravitational PE: depends on how high
off the ground an object is. * the greater the height and mass the object has the more Gravitational PE it has
Elastic PE: the ability of an object to rebound to its original shape or size
(we don’t have to calculate this one)
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Types of Energy1. Mechanical:
Energy of everyday objects (anything with mass and volume)
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2. Chemical Energy: energy that is stored in chemical bonds
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3. Electromagnetic Energy: energy that is related
to charge and magnetic poles
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4. Thermal Energy: energy that is based on the internal motion of particles in an object(Heat and temperature)
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5. Nuclear Energy: energy that is contained in the nucleus. Released when strong and weak nuclear forces are overcome
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Energy Conversion• When energy is transferred
between one type and another.
Example: burning gasoline transfers chemical potential into thermal energy
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Energy Conversion• In a perfect situation, the total
energy in a conversion is conserved.
• Total Energy is all of the PE and KE of a situation added together.
•KE1 + PE1 = KE2 + PE2
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KE and Friction• Friction slows an object down
therefore it reduces the amount of kinetic energy
• Increases the amount of Thermal Energy
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Practice Problem1. A 0.15 kg ball is
thrown into the air and rises to a height of 20.0 m. How much kinetic energy did the ball have initially?
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2. A 1.25 kg steel ball with a kinetic energy of 0.25 J rolls along a horizontal track. How high up an inclined track will the ball roll if friction can be ignored?
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Renewable vs. Non Renewable
• Renewable: forms of energy that can reproduce fast enough with use
• Nonrenewable: energy that cannot reproduce itself