Unit 8 Test Review

Test Format – 100 Multiple Choice Questions

Study PPT Notes, Q & A, and FIB handout; refer to book for clarification of any subject and to review ALL key terms

What are the three components of any emotion?

1. Physiological arousal2. Expressive behaviors3. Conscious experience

Who performed a semistarvation diet on men and found that they lost all

interest in anything other than food?

During shows, any scenes with food became most interesting and

discussed part of show.

Ancel Keys

• Page 332

What is the complete sexual response cycle, in order?

•Excitement

•Plateau

•Orgasm

•Resolution (contains refractory period for men)

Inhibition of hunger is to overeating as ______________ is to ______________.

a.Destruction of the lateral hypothalamus; stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamusb.A low orexin level; a high ghrelin levelc.A high ghrelin level; a low orexin leveld.Destruction of the ventromedial hypothalamus; destruction of the lateral hypothalamuse.Destruction of the lateral hypothalamus; destruction of the ventromedial hypothalamus

E -

• Inhibition of hunger is to overeating as destruction of the lateral hypothalamus is to destruction of the ventromedial hypothalamus

What does “precedes” mean?

• What stage of the sexual response cycle immediately precedes plateau?

The excitement phase PRECEDES the plateau phase

What is a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior

toward a goal?

Motivation

Which theory of motivation most clearly emphasizes the importance

of genetic predispositions?

Instinct

• Behaviors are genetically transmitted

What is a physiological state that usually triggers a state of

motivational arousal?

Need

An aroused state that is often triggered by a physiological need?

Drive

An internal push is a ______, while an internal pull is a ____________.

Push – Need Pull – Incentive

What produces T lymphocytes and what do they fight?

Thymus / Cancers and Viruses

What produces B lymphocytes and what do they fight?

Bone Marrow / Bacterial infections

What is the immune agent that ingest worn out red blood cells and

harmful bacteria? What’s its nickname?

Macrophage / Big Eater

Field of study that looks at how stress affects our resistance to

disease?

Psychoneuroimmunology

Research showing that neck-level spinal cord injuries reduce the

intensity of an emotional experience is most supportive of

what theory of emotion?

James - Lange

Negative and Positive emotions increase brain activity in what

parts of the brain?

Positive – left frontal lobeNegative – right frontal lobe

What is the route taken for sensory input for “fight or flight”

situations?

Thalamus (Sensory Switchboard) to Amygdala (Aggression and Fear)

Who describe the “fight or flight” response?

Walter Cannon

Who expanded on Cannon’s ideas, describing the G.A.S.?

Hans Selye General Adaptation Syndrome

What are the three stages of G.A.S.?

1. Alarm – Reaction2. Resistance 3. Exhaustion

What theory would be most threatened by evidence that highly

similar patterns of physiological activity are associated with

uniquely different emotional states?

James – Lange

People often ____________the clarity of their intentions in their

emails because they _________the importance of tones of voice in

communication.A. Overestimate/overestimate

B. Underestimate/overestimate C. Overestimate/ underestimate

D. Underestimate/underestimate

C – overestimate / underestimate

What explains when people experience a mood shift when they switch from taking short shuffling

steps to taking long strides and swinging their arms?

The Behavioral Feedback Phenomenon (pgs. 383)

What is the valence of an emotion?

Whether it is positive or negative

Carol Izard identified what 10 basic emotions?

Joy Disgust Interest – Excitement ContemptSurprise FearSadness ShameAnger Guilt

People’s positive emotionstypically ______ between the early and middle hours of the day and typically ________ between the middle and late hours of the day?

A. Fall / Rise B. Rise / FallC. Rise / Remain stable D. Remain stable / Rise

B – Rise / Fall

• Page 390

After receiving very bad news, people tend to _____________the duration of their negative emotions?

A. Accurately estimate B. Radically Underestimate C. OverestimateD. Slightly underestimate

Overestimate

What are the most important factors that promote a sense of

well-being?

• High self-esteem• Optimistic• Close friendships or satisfying marriage• Work / Leisure activities that engage skills• Meaningful religious life• Sleep well and exercise

What do the OUTER adrenal glands produce?

Cortisol

What is a stress-moderating hormone released by cuddling and

associated with pair-bonding?

Oxytocin

What is produced by the inner adrenal glands?

Epinephrine / Norepinephrine

Type A Personalities have increased autonomic responses

that keep blood flow towards the muscles and away from important

organs, such as the liver, which does what to help someone avoid

a heart attack?

Filters cholesterol

Name of a stress related illness

Psychophysiological

• Psychosomatic

What theory of motivation helps to explain curiosity and thrill-seeking?

Arousal theory

Theory of motivation that helps to explain how we meet our full

potential?

Humanistic / Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Fear of novel foods?

Neophobia

What type of people were most discriminated against for being

overweight?

Women

Sleep deprivation does what to leptin and ghrelin levels?

• Leptin decreases • Ghrelin increases• Makes it harder to maintain healthy weight

Leading cause of genital warts and cervical cancer?

STI - HPV

The defensive maternal immune system is one suggestion for what

phenomena related to sexual orientation?

Fraternal birth – order effect

What did Simon Levay discover that was different in homosexual

men and women?

Smaller Hypothalamus

• Corpus Callosum is larger

Anytime you have to think about how you feel OR apply a new

perspective/interpretation, what theory is being applied?

Schachter’s Two Factor

What theory says that we can share in friend’s joy if we smile

with them?

James – Lange

• Smile (physiological response) causes joy

Other factors to review:

• Characteristics of parents of anorexics?• All the factors that affect hunger (orexin, PYY,

ghrelin, glucose, insulin)• This review is only portion of test review –

KNOW everything on Q & A and FIB handout, review PPT notes and you should be good!!!