unit 7 noun clause

Top Notch 3Level 8Unit 7

Glossary page 74Fiction:Books and stories about imaginary people and eventsNon-Fiction:Books and stories about real people and eventsBargains:Something bought for less than its usual priceBiography:A book about the life of an important person written by someone else. Paperback:A book that has a soft paper cover.Explosive:Very powerful writingSocial landscape:People’s area, lives, conditions etc.Compassion: Caring for others

Hardback / Hardcover:A book that has a hard strong cover.Must-readA piece of writing that is so interestingMasterpiece:A work of high qualityLaureateSomeone who has been given an important prize/awardBilingual:Written in two languagesSuspenseful:A story that makes you want to know what will happen nextLiterature:All the printed written information; books, newspapers, magazines, articles, leaflets etc.Selection:A lot of choices, or group of choices

Expressions page 75I can’t put it down I find it very interesting

It’s a real page turner I can’t stop reading it

I’m really into it I’m interested in it

I can’t get into it I don’t find it interesting

It doesn’t turn me on I don’t find it exciting

I can’t get enough of it I like it a lot

It’s not my style I don’t enjoy this type

It’s a cliff-hanger It has suspense

It’s not my type I find it boring

It’s a fast read It’s not too long

Describe Different Things Associated with Books

Books, Reading and Literature

Discuss with a Partner

Grammar 1 page 76G11-G12

Noun Clauses Embedded Questions

Yes/No- If-WhetherEmbedded Information

Questions

Noun Clause- Embedded Questions

• An embedded question is part of a larger sentence. It’s another way to express information that is not known.

• It is like the hidden question of a noun clause.• An embedded question is a question that

has been changed into a noun clause. • An embedded question noun clause can also

be within (part) of a real question. • Embedded questions can be Yes/No

questions or Information questions.

1. I don’t know if you are from Iran.

2. I don’t know whether you can speak Italian.

3. I don’t know if it’s cold in Afghanistan.

4. I am deciding whether the students need homework.

5. I am not sure if I will cook rice or pasta.

6. I haven’t decided whether the movie is scary.

7. I wonder if the students are happy.• These sentences are embedded questions

because they have been changed into noun clauses.

• They are Yes/No Embedded Questions.

Noun Clause - Yes/No Embedded Questions

• Is it a good movie?This is a real yes/no question. As a noun

clause embedded question:• I don’t know if/whether it is a good movie.

Notice that in this form (noun clause) there is NO question mark because it is not a real question. But it acts like a question. It makes the person listening to you want to answer it.

We can use either if or whether without any difference in meaning.


I d idn ’ t hear what she sa id .

subject

subject

Verb

Verb

NOUN CLAUSE

To check the noun clause, we can re-phrase the

sentence as “I didn’t hear it/that”


MAIN CLAUSE

Noun Clause as Objects

• To make a question noun clause as an object

D i d y o u h e a r w h a t s h e s a i d ?

NOUN CLAUSE

To check the noun clause, we can re-phrase the

sentence as “Did you hear it/that?”

Does he like coffee? (real question)

I don’t know if he likes coffee.√ (Noun clause embedded question)

I don’t know if he does like coffee. X

Auxiliary verbs are not used in the embedded question.


NOUN CLAUSE

1. I know where he is.√2. I know where is he. X3. I don’t know what did he buy. X4. I don’t know what he bought. √

Why are numbers 2 and 3 incorrect? Embedded questions use normal word order Embedded question DO NOT use the

auxiliary in the noun clause


Noun Clauses

Embedded Questions Yes/No

Noun Clauses


Embedded information questions start with question words.

What are question words?

W6 + HowWh-

question words

WhoWhatWhenWhereWhichWhyHow

Noun Clauses

1.Where did you buy it?2.Can you tel l me where you bought i t?

•Number 1 is a real information question. •Number 2 is still a real question because it starts with CAN so it needs a question mark at the end.

Note: using modals at the beginning of a sentence makes it a real question.•Number 2 can be defined as An Embedded yes/no information question.


Yes/No Question Main Clause

Embedded Information Question Noun Clause

More Examples• Could you tell me what time it is?• Can you tell me if my taxi is here?• Do you know when the party starts?• I wonder where my pen is.• I don’t know which class to take.• I can’t remember what homework I have.


1. Do you know whether we have a test next week?

2. I wonder whether she is finished.

3. I don’t remember who my teacher is.

4. Do you remember who my teacher is?5. They forgot where he put the keys.

6. Can you tell me which floor the doctor is on?7. Would tell me how the computer works?• Look at numbers 1, 4, 6 and 7. Notice that when a

noun clause embedded question is within a real question you use a question mark.


• Let me know where I can find that information

• Let me know where to find that information.

• I’m not sure who I should talk to.

• I’m not sure who to talk to.

• I’d like to know how I can repair it.

• I’d like to know how to repair it.

Noun Clause- Embedded Questions with INFINITIVES

• I’m not sure if to talk about it. ✗• I’m not sure whether to talk about it. ✓• I’d like to know if to repair it. ✗• I’d like to know whether to repair it. ✓• Let me know if to read the newspaper. ✗• Let me know when to read the newspaper. ✓• I don’t know why to work. ✗• I don’t know when to work. ✓

DO NOT Use Infinitives after IF or WHY

Look at these Real Questions & Noun clause embedded Questions

Embedded Questions

Information EmbeddedQuestions

Yes/NoEmbeddedQuestions

Embedded Information Questions

Embedded Question within a STATEMENT

Embedded Question within a main QUESTION

Grammar Self-check page 76

Grammar 2 page 78G12-G13

Noun Clauses as Direct Objects

Types of Nouns

Nouns have jobs to do.

Nouns Become Subjects

Noun Sentence

Nouns as Direct Objects

What is a phrase?• A phrase is two or more words related words

that work together that do not contain a subject and a verb.

Examples• in jail • big monkey • running slowly

What is a phrase, clause and sentence?

What is a clause?• A clause is two or more words related that work

together and has a subject and a verb. • There are two types of clauses

1. Independent (or main) which can stand alone as a sentence

2. Dependant (or subordinate) which can not stand along as a complete sentence.

Examples• Because he was crazy (dependent clause)• The monkey is sick (independent clause)


• What is a sentence?• A sentence is a group of words that express a

complete thought. Some definitions will say that it must have a subject and a verb and final punctuation.

Examples:• I want to go home now.• When is the next movie?

Notice that a sentence is a main or independent clause.


YOUR TURNWhich are phrases, clauses or sentences?

1. What time is it?

2. On the table

3. On the way to the bank

4. We talk.

5. Because I’m tired

6. When I go there

7. When I arrive home

8. Run

ANSWERS

1. What time is it? (Sentence)

2. On the table (Phrase)

3. On the way to the bank (Phrase)

4. We talk. (Sentence)

5. Because I’m tired (Clause)

6. When I go there (Clause)

7. When I arrive home (Clause)

8. Run (None, it’s just a word)

YourTurn

Ask your partner embedded questions

Embedded Information Questions

Answers

Practice 1. Could you tell me how much ______ ?costs this suit• does this suit cost• this suit costs• does cost this suit

2. Do you have any idea how long_____ out?• had they been going• they had been going• did they go• were they going

3. Do you know why _____ closing early today?• is the store• does the store be• will the store be• the store is

4. How much money ______ last month?• we spent• spent we• did we spend• did we spent

5. I'd like to know what _______.does that word mean• that word means• that word does mean• does mean that word

6. Do you know if _______ ?• are classes held on Sunday• classes are held on Sunday• classes holding on Sunday• are classes holding on Sunday

Practice7. Steven can't remember____ last weekend.• what did he do• what he did• what was he doing• what had he done

8. I don't know______ promoted or not.• if will I be• whether I will be• what I be will • if I will can

9. I don't know ______ junk food or not.• if quit she eating• what she quit to eat• if she quit eating• whether did she quit eating

10. My secretary doesn't remember _____________ a copy of the letter.• if he gave me • did he give me• when did he give me• whether did he give me

11. A: What is our new neighbor's name? B: I'm sorry. I don't remember ____________ .• what is his name• what his name is• what's is his name• whether his name is

12. Joan can't remember _____ her new gloves.• where did she put• whether did she put• where she put• if she put

Practice13. The patient doesn't remember when _________________ .• is his appointment• his appointment is• does he have an appointment• if he has an appointment

14. Could you tell me ___________ ?• who is responsible for cleaning the lab• who responsible for cleaning the lab is• who for the lab responsible is cleaning• whose responsibility for the cleaning lab

15. I'm sorry. I don't know _____________.• where is the bank• where the bank is• where has the bank• where the bank

Learning Strategy page 77, Conversation

Types of Nouns

Nouns as Direct Objects

What is a noun clause?• A noun clause is a group of words that function

as a noun - and play the role of the subject, object, of a sentence. These clauses usually begin with a relative pronoun (that) or how, why, when, if, or whether.

Examples• Chocolates are unhealthy. (subject)

• I think (that) chocolates are unhealthy. (object)

• The noun-clause is the receiver of the non-action verb THINK, therefore the noun clause is an object.

Nouns Clause Direct Object of a VERB

• We studied Relative (adjective) Clauses in Unit 5. In Adjective clauses we are describing the noun. We use WHO or THAT to introduce the adjective clause.

• In noun clauses we use THAT not to describe something we mentioned before, BUT to show the link to the main clause.

• We use THAT to introduce the noun clause.• If the noun-clause is a direct object, we can

remove THAT, but it is not necessary.

• Certain verbs especially those verbs which express mental activities or feelings are followed by noun-clauses.

• This makes the noun-clauses the direct objects of the verbs.


This are verbs

of mental

activity


IYouWe

They

KnowGuessBelieveThinkHope

Suppose

(that) she has a ticket

NounClause

DirectObject ofThe verb

I


K n o w h e p a s s e d t h e t e s t

Non-action verb

Mental/feeling

Noun Clause

Direct object of the verb KNOW

I


g u e s s ( t h a t ) s h e l e f t .

Non-action verb

Mental/feeling

Noun Clause

Direct object of the verb GUESS

I


h o p e ( t h a t ) t h e c a r i s r e a d y

Non-action verb

Mental/feeling

Noun Clause

Direct object of the verb HOPE

Connect Unit 6 and Unit 7Reported/Indirect speech – noun clauses

Connect Unit 6 and Unit 7Reported/Indirect speech – noun clauses

• The verb tense changes to match the time WHEN we are speaking, just in reported speech.

I think it is cold. I thought that it was

cold.

I believe it is easy. I believed that it was easy.

Replace Noun-Clause with ‘SO’Noun clauses can be replaced with ‘SO’ in short answers.

Yes, I think that she made it

1. Did Pam make it?

I think so

I don’t think Tom made it.

2. Did Tom make it?

I don’t think so

Replace Noun-Clause with ‘SO’

Activity page 78

Grammar Self-check ANSWERS

didn’t know think didn’t know hope

the direct objects

that


hoped, weren’t

thought, had finished

past perfect

The simple past

The simple past

simple past


noun clause

noun clause

Readingpage 80

Reading Glossary page 80Publisher: a person or company whose business is to print and

sell books

Account for: to make up an amount for something

Circulation: the average number of copies sold over a period of time

Criticized: people judge and say what is good and bad

Immoral: things that are wrong

Encourages: to make someone do something

Visuals: drawings, graphics, photos, pictures, diagrams art work

Convenient: easy and suitable

AIDS: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

Highly regarded: considered very important

Increasingly: more and more over a period of time

Guilty pleasure: enjoy doing but feel ashamed

Recognizable: able to identify remember

Booming: selling a lot very popular

Addicts: like something you spend a lot of time doing it (money)

Vending machines: a machine you buy hot and cold drinks from

Consumed: takes all your attention and time

Per Capita: the average amount for each person

Reading ‘OPTION’ T80

1. Which country sells more comics a year?

2. How many copies of Shonen Jump are sold per week in Japan?

3. What opinion did many people have of comics when they first appeared?

4. What is one way comics can help young people?

Learning Strategy page 80, Reading

Reading Comprehension page 80

Graphic Organizer page T80, Exercice B

Cumulative Vocabulary Activity page 81Write an example of reading material for each type or description given in the chart.

Cumulative Vocabulary Activity page 82

Learning Strategy page 82, Listening, C

Graphic Organizer page T83, Step 3

Writing page 83, Step 3

Writing page 84, D

Websites• http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Orange%20Level/

O6%20Noun%20Clauses.html• http://www.headsupenglish.com/skillbuilders/grammar/embedde

dquestions.pdf• http://www.headsupenglish.com/index.php?option=com_content

&task=view&id=265&Itemid=94• http://english-zone.com/grammar/noun-clz1.html• Noun clausehttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Orange%20Level/O6%20Noun%20Clauses.html• Embedded Questionshttp://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Orange%20Level/O20_Embedded_Questions.html

http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Orange%20Level/O6%20Noun%20Clauses.html


http://www.headsupenglish.com/skillbuilders/grammar/embeddedquestions.pdf

http://www.headsupenglish.com/skillbuilders/grammar/embeddedquestions.pdf

http://www.headsupenglish.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=265&Itemid=94

http://www.headsupenglish.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=265&Itemid=94

http://english-zone.com/grammar/noun-clz1.html



http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Orange%20Level/O20_Embedded_Questions.html

http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Orange%20Level/O20_Embedded_Questions.html

Definitions• Incongruity – (noun): something is strange because it is different

to what would be the normal/similar or same situation E.g. A person who is a rich millionaire would drive an expensive car. If the person drives a 3,000 dirham car he/she is acting incongruously. (adverb)

• Incongruous - (adjective) E.g. She looked incongruous wearing a man’s suit and tie.

• Synonyms

unsuitable, ridiculous, ludicrous, absurd, inappropriate, inharmonious, discordant, contradictory, inconsistent, conflicting, out-of-place, improper, unsuited.

unit 7 noun clause

Documents

action verb

real questions

embedded information

embedded questions

embedded questions1

real question

embedded question

check page